US1607220A - Process and device for producing cottonized fibers - Google Patents

Process and device for producing cottonized fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
US1607220A
US1607220A US695385A US69538524A US1607220A US 1607220 A US1607220 A US 1607220A US 695385 A US695385 A US 695385A US 69538524 A US69538524 A US 69538524A US 1607220 A US1607220 A US 1607220A
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United States
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elements
bers
natural
ber
fibers
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Expired - Lifetime
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US695385A
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English (en)
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Ehrenthal Bruno Possanner Von
Scholz Karl
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B9/00—Other mechanical treatment of natural fibrous or filamentary material to obtain fibres or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • D01B1/30—Details of machines
    • D01B1/40—Arrangements for disposing of non-fibrous materials
    • D01B1/42—Arrangements for disposing of non-fibrous materials employing liquids
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
    • D01C1/00—Treatment of vegetable material
    • D01C1/02—Treatment of vegetable material by chemical methods to obtain bast fibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/04—Pulling wheel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to processes and devices for producing cottonized fibers.
  • TheA fibrous substance is separated in a cold or warm condition into individual cells h'esve substances.
  • the fibrous substanceg which has been* treated in this manner and dissolved into individualcells, i. e. cottonized, can be either immediately deprived of liquid and dried,
  • the cottonized fibrous material produced in thismanner is not onlycompletely clean and dissolved into uninjured individual cells but, in consequence ofthe described treatment, Will-be found to surpass fibrous substances cottonized in any other way vas far as softness, spinning qualities and particularly tensile strength is concerned. Since, if the machines and apparatus are arranged in a suitable manner, no manual labor beyond the feeding of material into the first machine is required, the economy of the process is completely secured, particularly as the output and quality of the product is improved.
  • Fig. 2a shows a cross section'of a modification of Fig. l'in which the rollers are partly submerged'in a suitable liquid.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate the action of the 100 tions with 4the parts shown at different mo- 105 'ments of operation and'Fig. 7 being a fragf mentary elevation partly in section.
  • Figs. 8-1'2 illustratethree different forms l of a device for squirting liquid against the fibrous substances, Fig, 8 being a side eleva- 11o ltion partly in section, Fig. 9 a cross section and Fig. l() a fragmentary cross section on an enlarged scale of one form of squirting device Fig. vice provided with perforated bands and Fig. 12 a section of ⁇ a'squirting device in which the iibrous substance passes through a pair of rollers and then receives liquid are first subjected to a preliminary opening treatment in beating, crushing or bruising devices whlch may be ⁇ constructed as shown 'in Figs. 13415, which devices are more fully described hereinafter. After this preliminary treatment the material is then stretched in a moist conditionin a stretching device.'
  • This stretching device may be of any preferred kindl as shown in Figs, 1-7. By this 'stretching operation the individual cells or liber elements are separated from each other or loosened their cell conglomeration.
  • the fibrous material in the form of a moist fleece z is fed into a pair 'of rollers a, b, Fig. 1 in which the ends of the individual cells j adhering to each other as indicated diagrammatically in Fig. v3 are gripped.
  • Thedrawing device in Fig. '1 or 2a has a pair of rollers a, b which revolve in the direction of thev arrows and anotherpair of rollers c, d which revolve similarly as the rollers a, b but at a somewhat higher speed.
  • the surfaces of the rollers may be provided with small grooves, roughehed or coated with a suitable covering.
  • the rolls are o journalled in aY usual manner in bearings e, f and are coupled to each other by toothed wheels g, g so that the rolls of each pair,
  • v j the difference of speeds to a distance :1f-y as indicated in Fig. 4. Since the distance between'the bites corresponds to the length of the cells tearing of the individual cells is avoided and they are drawn apart or separated from each other as indicated in Fig. 4, The separation of conglomerations or ,groups of cells into. individual cells can Athen be easily carried out. Instead of having only two pairs of rolls several pairs may be 11 a lsectionof a squirting de.
  • Fig. 2a the conveyersOO and 401 are shown that carry the ibers into and away from the rollers which are partly submerged in a liquid such as diluted sodium hydroxide solution in a trough402.
  • FIG. l A device of this-kind is shownl in Figs. 5-7 in which the fleece z is stretched byl liat clamping members.
  • this device there is a roller which may be moved stepby-step by a ratchet and pawl device, and is provided at its periphery with movable bars t.
  • the roller or drum fw is provided with radial guide pins k which coact with two ends of each of the bars t.
  • ring s Arranged at the -ends of the drum 'w are stationary rings s with vertical faces u and a overhanging run j which limit the outward travel of the bar t. Springs, such as leaf springs fv, in the rings tend to press the bars t' outwardly.
  • the ring s is formed with a guide ring m that extends into notches or slots in the ends of the b ars t.
  • This guide ring m has a gap at the top of the drum 'w see Fig. 7 through which each bar t can be pushed down onto the drum, as shown in'Fig. 45, as it arrives at the top of the drum fw.
  • reciprocating pressure member 1 which is moved up and down periodically by an excentric or cam rod o.
  • the pressure member is guided in a 'vertical guide way p.
  • a loading or holdj ing deviceg Arranged above the pressure member r is a loading or holdj ing deviceg with clamping surfaces n.
  • the stretchingn of the liber is accomplished by turning thc drum lw with the fibrous material upon it through an angle corresponding to the width of one bar t without pressing the fleece against the roll 'w by the pressure member n.
  • the pressure member r together with the clamping member g is lowered, so that the clamping surfaces n engage ⁇ with the iibers as indicated in Fig. 5 so as to hold them rmly.
  • the pressure member v1 continues its downward travel after the clamping vaction of the clamping surfaces n has taken" place, so that the bart is depressed and the fibers are 'bulged downwards and a stretchingaction as indicated in-Fig.)5 is accomplished.
  • the pressure member r thereupon rises in the gap in the ringv m and returns to its normal position and the' clamping action of the surfaces n ceases. 4
  • the drum is then rotated another step and a fresh downstroke of the pressure member r takes place to push down the next bar t into gap in the ring fm..
  • the jets exert a vigorous lpull on the fleece by which the loosened individual cells are pulled and washed out.
  • the distance between the point at which the fibers" are held and the point of impact of the jets is variable and must be.
  • the average natural length is about 40 mms., so that in handling fibrous material of this' kind this distance will have' to be chosen so that the individual cells, and these only, are separated and washed out of the crushed and stretched fibrous material by the liquid jets.
  • the individual cells or yfiber elements thus washed out are caught up by suitable means, such as a sieve.
  • a fleece consisting of fibrous material which has beenl subjected to a preliminary treatment.
  • the fleece is fed into the bite between two rollers 105, whichhave exterior surfaces of suitable form so as to seize the fleece 100 and move it forward at a ⁇ uniform speed.
  • the rolls are journalled in bearings 107, 110 and are coupled to each other by toothed wheels 111 whose size is such as to cause the rolls Xto revolve at identical peripheral speeds in opposite directions.
  • each roll there is arranged a head 108 provided with connection pipes 106 adapted to be connectedto water supply pipes, A ring 112, which revolves with the roll and is slotted opposite to each chamber 101, and a disk 113 firmly fixed to the-head 106 form a watertight joint between the interior ofthe roll and lts-head.
  • Each disk 113 has an opening 104 which is connected through a channel 114 with the interiorof the respective head 108. If' necessary the heads ⁇ 108 can be turned .a short'distance around the shafts'of the rolls so that the position of the opening 104 in the disk v113 can be correspondingly altered, see Fig. 10.
  • the fleece 100 seized by the rolls 105 is progressively held Lat its variousl points in the bite between the rollers.
  • Water under pressure enters through the opening 104 into one or more chambers 101 which lie at the side of the bite where the fleece is discharged from'the rollers.
  • the jets act upon vthe cells .in the bite between the rolls and tend to clamp the fibers lmore firmly together and yet to separate them into their elements.
  • the rollers revolve the jets also exert a gentle stretching effect by seizing individual cells and tending to move themin the direction in which the fibers are moved.
  • oblique water jets that issue from oblique passages in the walls of squirting members 201.
  • the action of the oblique jets is similar to the effect of the jets of the kdevice shown in Figs. 8-10, for in this device .
  • also jets act directly on the cells which are still held in the bite and a vloosening of entire bundles of-fibers is thus avoided.
  • the position ofthe squirting members 210 with respect to the bite is adjustable.
  • the squirting, washingand stretching of the bers is e'ected with jets of water under pressure issuing from oblique passages 208 in the walls of hollow squirtingI mem-n ing process may also consist in conveying the separated cells or'ber elements on bands throughhot air.
  • the particular form of device per se used for removing the liquid and thoroughly drying the extracted cells or ber elements may be of any desired type.
  • the extracted bers are of course bleached when desired in any known manner as by means of solutions of active chlorine.
  • ' v ber elements may also be sized or impregnate'd with fatty substances, such as oil,
  • vvon a conveyer belt 300 which may ,an endless inet'al web and passes over rolls soap or the like.
  • the bruising or squeezing voperation in accordance with the invention may be carried out by a device or machine as shown Figs. 13-15.
  • the brous substance is placed consist of 301, and the belt feeds the brous substance in a wet condition while warm or cold into a beatin devicel consisting of wooden rams 302 adapted tol be raised and lowered by cams 304 so "asl to strike against blocks or tables 306 beneath ing 'effect of the rams being enhanced and i made elastic by springs 305 which have the additional e'ect of throwing the rain upward immediately after eachA stroke.
  • the rams By staggering thecams the rams can be caused to perform their strokes in'succession in any desired order and by adjusting the lengths of the cam rods the'drop of each ram may be varied. Any number of rams may be used and the operation of any individual ram lor rams may be stopped 'at will.
  • water outlets 310 through which cold or warm water -or any suitable liquid chemical may be caused to pour onto the fibrous material on the belt.
  • the belt or cloth conveyer carries the brous material into the gaps between the rams 302 and their blocks andthe blows administered by the rams squeeze out the washing liquid which while the brous material, after passin from beneath the ram, absorbsfresh liqui from the other pipes.
  • the strikows away through the metal Webl cal washing eect is accomplished and, on the other hand, bythe strokes administered by the ram, together with the swelling of the material by the liquidfrom the pipes, a better and more uniform distribution of the brousv material over the conveyer belt is gradually achieved. This may be extremelyimportant for the feeding of material into other machines inwhich the material might subsequently be treated.
  • ⁇ consists of long bers composed of cohering fibers consisting of the separated natural eletached from each other.
  • ments of ber which, in its natural state, consists of long fibers composed of .cohering natural elements or cells, deshiving the long fibers, softening the. cementitious substance that holds the natural elements together, stretching the long bers to'divide them into their elements, and Washing them to ob tain clean ber-elements properly detached from each other.
  • . consists of long bers composed of cohering natural elements ⁇ or cells, deshiving the long bers, beating and wetting the long bers,
  • ments of fiber which, in its natural state, lconsists of long bers composed of cohering natural elements, deshiving the long bers, softening the cementitious substance that holds the natural elements together, stretching the vlong bers to divide them into their elements, Washing them 'to obtain clean ber elements, bleaching, sizing and dyeing them.
  • ⁇ consists of long bers composed of cohering natural elements, deshiving the long bers, softening the cementitious substance that holds the natural elements together, stretching the long bers to divide them into their elements, Washing them to obtain clean ber-elements, bleaching, sizing, dyeing and then drying them.
  • Apparatus for producing, in a continuous operation, short bers consisting of the natural elements of ber which, in its' -natural state, consists of long bers each composed of cohering natural elements or ber-cells said apparatus comprising a softening device for softening the cementitious substance that holds the natural elements of the long bers together, a stretching device consistlng of pairsof ber-gripping rolls operating successively, the first pair beaters and water-jets,
  • said apparatus comprising a sofy tening device consisting of cooperating bera stretching device ⁇ consisting of pairs of operating successively, the rst pair having alower circumferential speed than the next, and a washing 'device for cleaning the divided ber-elements.
  • Apparatus for producing, in a continuous operation, natural elements of ber which, in its natural state, consists of long bers each composed of coheringnatural elements or bercells, said apparatus comprising a softening device consisting of cooperating vber-beaters and water-jets, a stretching devicecon- ,sisting of pairs of ber-ripping rolls operating successively, the rst pair having a short bers consisting ofthe l lower circumferentiat speed than the next',
  • washing device consisting of'strong l i jets of water direc-ted -against the divided individual cells.
  • Vegetable textile bers consisting of the separated natural elements of ber 27. Cottonized bers produced by treat;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
US695385A 1923-03-28 1924-02-26 Process and device for producing cottonized fibers Expired - Lifetime US1607220A (en)

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US (1) US1607220A (fr)
FR (1) FR587276A (fr)
GB (1) GB239722A (fr)
NL (1) NL19249C (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2492974A (en) * 1946-04-30 1950-01-03 Dungler Julien Nozzle member used for the drying of textile and other materials
US2653441A (en) * 1951-03-20 1953-09-29 Sativa Corp Yarn made of blended fibers
US2657717A (en) * 1949-12-03 1953-11-03 Sativa Corp Preshrunk yarn or fabric
US2737688A (en) * 1953-05-25 1956-03-13 Eastman Kodak Co Tow opening device
US3341899A (en) * 1964-08-11 1967-09-19 Marriner & Co Inc Treatment of wool slivers
US4155178A (en) * 1977-12-19 1979-05-22 U.S. Natural Resources, Inc. Tube for impinging jet air drier
WO2016207376A1 (fr) * 2015-06-25 2016-12-29 Mattes & Ammann Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé pour le nettoyage et/ou l'agrandissement du rapport entre la longueur et l'épaisseur des fibres de la plante
CN107429427A (zh) * 2014-11-10 2017-12-01 马特斯&阿曼股份公司 用于从至少一种植物茎中获得纤维的方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111763992B (zh) * 2020-06-23 2021-12-21 徐州璞素室内装饰材料有限公司 一种书画用麻布生产用苎麻原料揉搓装置
CN112621938B (zh) * 2020-12-04 2022-07-08 赤水市牵手竹艺发展有限公司 一种靛蓝色竹编工艺品
IT202100018131A1 (it) * 2021-07-12 2023-01-12 Emiliano Bassi Impianto per la macerazione di piante da fibra decorticate per uso tessile o industriale

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2492974A (en) * 1946-04-30 1950-01-03 Dungler Julien Nozzle member used for the drying of textile and other materials
US2657717A (en) * 1949-12-03 1953-11-03 Sativa Corp Preshrunk yarn or fabric
US2653441A (en) * 1951-03-20 1953-09-29 Sativa Corp Yarn made of blended fibers
US2737688A (en) * 1953-05-25 1956-03-13 Eastman Kodak Co Tow opening device
US3341899A (en) * 1964-08-11 1967-09-19 Marriner & Co Inc Treatment of wool slivers
US4155178A (en) * 1977-12-19 1979-05-22 U.S. Natural Resources, Inc. Tube for impinging jet air drier
CN107429427A (zh) * 2014-11-10 2017-12-01 马特斯&阿曼股份公司 用于从至少一种植物茎中获得纤维的方法
WO2016207376A1 (fr) * 2015-06-25 2016-12-29 Mattes & Ammann Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé pour le nettoyage et/ou l'agrandissement du rapport entre la longueur et l'épaisseur des fibres de la plante

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Publication number Publication date
GB239722A (en) 1925-09-17
NL19249C (fr) 1929-01-15
FR587276A (fr) 1925-04-15

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