Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/87—Polyurethanes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
  • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
  • A45D2/00—Hair-curling or hair-waving appliances ; Appliances for hair dressing treatment not otherwise provided for
  • A45D2/001—Hair straightening appliances
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
  • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
  • A45D7/00—Processes of waving, straightening or curling hair
  • A45D7/06—Processes of waving, straightening or curling hair combined chemical and thermal
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • A61K8/42—Amides
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
  • A61K8/731—Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/8141—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • A61K8/8152—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters, e.g. (meth)acrylic acid esters; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/86—Polyethers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/04—Preparations for permanent waving or straightening the hair
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/48—Thickener, Thickening system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/49—Solubiliser, Solubilising system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/54—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties
  • A61K2800/542—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge
  • A61K2800/5424—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge anionic
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/54—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties
  • A61K2800/548—Associative polymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/59—Mixtures
  • A61K2800/592—Mixtures of compounds complementing their respective functions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/12—Preparations containing hair conditioners

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a composition for the long-lasting straightening of keratin fibres, in particular of human keratin fibres such as the hair, comprising one or more compounds chosen from urea and derivatives thereof and one or more nonionic, cationic, amphoteric or anionic associative polymeric thickeners comprising one or more acrylic and/or methacrylic units.
• the present invention also relates to the use of the composition according to the invention for straightening keratin fibres, in particular human keratin fibres such as the hair.
• a subject of the present invention is a process for straightening keratin fibres, in particular human keratin fibres such as the hair, comprising a step of applying the composition according to the invention to the keratin fibres, and then a step of raising the temperature of the keratin fibres, using a heating means, to a temperature ranging from 25 to 250° C.
• the first of the techniques usually used for permanently reshaping the hair consists, in a first step, in opening the —S—S-disulfide bonds of keratin (keratocystine) using a composition containing a suitable reducing agent (reduction step), and then, after having rinsed the head of hair thus treated, generally with water, in reconstituting said disulfide bonds, in a second step, by applying to the hair, which has been placed under tension beforehand (with, for example, rollers), an oxidizing composition (oxidation step, also known as the fixing step) so as finally to give the hair the desired shape.
• This technique thus makes it possible to straighten (relax) the hair.
• the new shape given to the hair by a chemical treatment such as that above is permanent and in particular withstands washing with water or with shampoos, as opposed to the simple conventional techniques of temporary straightening, such as hairsetting.
• the reducing compositions that may be used for the first step of a permanent straightening operation generally contain sulfites, bisulfites, alkylphosphines or, preferably, thiols as reducing agents.
• sulfites bisulfites, alkylphosphines or, preferably, thiols as reducing agents.
• those commonly used are cysteine and various derivatives thereof, cysteamine and derivatives thereof, thiolactic acid or thioglycolic acid, and salts thereof and also esters thereof, especially glyceryl thioglycolate.
• the oxidizing compositions required for performing the fixing step are usually compositions based on aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution.
• this permanent straightening operation is generally performed on curly or voluminous hair so as to obtain more or less pronounced straightening and a reduction of the volume and apparent mass of the hair.
• This technique can thus induce, in the long-term, impairment of the quality of the hair, leading to a decrease in its cosmetic properties, such as its sheen, and degradation of its mechanical properties, more particularly of its mechanical strength, due to swelling of the hairs during the rinsing between the reduction step and the oxidation step, which can also be reflected by an increase in the porosity of the hairs.
• These drawbacks are especially observed with thioglycolic acid, which is generally used in basic medium at pH values ranging from 8.5 to 9.5.
• the colour obtained is very different from the colour normally obtained on non-permanent-waved natural hair.
• the second technique usually used for obtaining hair straightening or relaxing consists in performing an operation known as lanthionization, using a composition containing a base belonging to the hydroxide family. It leads to replacement of the disulfide bonds (—CH 2 —S—S—CH 2 —) with lanthionine bonds (—CH 2 —S—CH 2 —).
• This lanthionization operation involves two consecutive chemical reactions:
• the first reaction consists of a beta-elimination on the cystine caused by a hydroxide ion, resulting in the breaking of this bond and in the formation of dehydroalanine, as shown in the following reaction scheme.
• the second reaction is a reaction of the dehydroalanine with a thiol group.
• the double bond of the dehydroalanine formed is a reactive double bond. It can react with the thiol group of the cysteine residue that was released to form a new bond known as a lanthionine bridge or bond or residue. This second reaction is illustrated by the following reaction scheme.
• this lanthionization technique does not require a fixing step since the formation of the lanthionine bridges is irreversible. It is therefore performed in a single step and makes it possible without distinction either to wave the hair, or to shape or relax or straighten the hair. This technique is mainly used for shaping naturally frizzy hair.
• hydroxides employed during this process have the major drawback of being caustic. This causticity affects the scalp by causing irritation which is sometimes severe, and can also affect the condition of the hair by making it, on the one hand, rough to the touch and, on the other hand, much more brittle. The use of hydroxides can also in certain cases cause bleaching of the natural colour of the hair.
• compositions should have good working qualities, especially in terms of texture and viscosity and more particularly in terms of ease of spreading on the head of hair, of ease of blow-drying and of ease of passage of a heating device, for example flat tongs.
• a keratin fibre straightening composition comprising (a) one or more compounds chosen from urea and/or urea derivatives, (b) one or more nonionic, cationic, amphoteric polymeric associative thickeners or anionic polymeric associative thickeners comprising one or more acrylic and/or methacrylic units makes it possible to achieve the desired long-lasting straightening properties, in particular when it is combined with the use of a heating means.
• One subject of the present invention is thus a cosmetic composition
• a cosmetic composition comprising:
• nonionic, cationic, amphoteric or anionic polymeric thickeners chosen from nonionic, cationic, amphoteric or anionic associative thickening polymers, the said anionic polymeric thickener(s) comprising one or more acrylic and/or methacrylic units.
• composition according to the invention has very good cosmetic qualities and very good working qualities.
• composition according to the invention comprises:
• nonionic, cationic, amphoteric or anionic polymeric thickeners chosen from nonionic, cationic, amphoteric or anionic associative thickening polymers, the said anionic polymeric thickener(s) comprising one or more acrylic and/or methacrylic units.
• urea derivative means any compound other than urea CO(NH 2 ) 2 itself, comprising in its chemical formula a carbonyl group simply bonded to two nitrogen atoms, i.e. a unit
• the said compound(s) (a) are chosen from the compounds of formula (I) or (II), salts thereof or hydrates thereof:
• (ii) a linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic C 1 -C 5 lower alkyl or alkenyl radical, a C 1 -C 5 alkoxy radical, a C 6 -C 18 aryl radical, a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclic radical; these radicals being optionally substituted with a radical chosen from the following radicals: hydroxyl, (di)(C 1 -C 4 )(alkyl)amino such as dimethylamino, carboxyl, halogen, C 6 -C 18 aryl, carboxamide and N-methylcarboxamide;
• the said compound(s) (a) are chosen from urea and hydroxyethylurea.
• the said compound(s) (a) preferably represent from 2% to 50% by weight, more preferentially from 2% to 20% by weight, better still from 2% to 12% by weight and even better still from 2% to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
• composition according to the invention also comprises one or more nonionic, cationic, amphoteric associative polymeric thickeners or anionic associative polymeric thickeners comprising one or more acrylic and/or methacrylic units (b).
• thickener means compounds which, by their presence, increase the viscosity of the aqueous phase into which they are introduced by at least 20 cps and preferably by at least 50 cps, at 25° C. and at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 (the viscosity may be measured using a cone/plate viscometer, a Haake R600 rheometer or the like).
• nonionic, cationic, amphoteric associative polymeric thickeners or anionic associative polymeric thickeners comprising one or more acrylic and/or methacrylic units are preferably water-soluble or water-dispersible at a pH of 7 and at room temperature (25° C.).
• water-soluble and water-dispersible refer to a polymer which forms in water at a weight concentration of 0.1% at pH 7 and at room temperature (25° C.) a visually homogeneous (one-phase) medium.
• sociative polymer refers to polymers that are capable, in an aqueous medium, of reversibly combining with each other or with other molecules.
• Associative polymers more particularly comprise at least one hydrophilic part and at least one hydrophobic part.
• associative polymers comprise at least one hydrophobic group.
• hydrophobic group means a radical or polymer with a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched hydrocarbon-based chain, comprising at least 10 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 30 carbon atoms, in particular from 12 to 30 carbon atoms and more preferentially from 18 to 30 carbon atoms.
• the hydrocarbon-based group is derived from a monofunctional compound.
• the hydrophobic group may be derived from a fatty alcohol such as stearyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol or decyl alcohol. It may also denote a hydrocarbon-based polymer, for instance polybutadiene.
• the associative thickening polymers that are used according to the invention are especially chosen from:
• nonionic amphiphilic polymers comprising at least one fatty chain and at least one hydrophilic unit
• amphoteric amphiphilic polymers comprising at least one hydrophilic unit and at least one fatty-chain unit, the fatty chains containing from 10 to 30 carbon atoms.
• the nonionic associative polymers are preferably chosen from:
• the polyurethane polyethers comprise at least two hydrocarbon-based lipophilic chains containing from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, separated by a hydrophilic block, the hydrocarbon-based chains possibly being pendent chains or chains at the end of the hydrophilic block.
• the polymer may comprise a hydrocarbon-based chain at one end or at both ends of a hydrophilic block.
• the polyurethane polyethers may be multiblock, in particular in triblock form.
• the hydrophobic blocks may be at each end of the chain (for example: triblock copolymer containing a hydrophilic central block) or distributed both at the ends and in the chain (for example multiblock copolymer).
• These same polymers may also be graft polymers or star polymers.
• the nonionic fatty-chain polyurethane polyethers may be triblock copolymers in which the hydrophilic block is a polyoxyethylenated chain comprising from 50 to 1000 oxyethylene groups.
• the nonionic polyurethane polyethers comprise a urethane bond between the hydrophilic blocks, whence arises the name.
• nonionic fatty-chain polyurethane polyethers include those in which the hydrophilic blocks are linked to the lipophilic blocks via other chemical bonds.
• fatty-chain nonionic polyurethane polyethers use may also be made of Rheolate 205 containing a urea function, sold by the company Rheox, or Rheolate 208, 204 or 212, and also Acrysol RM 184, Aculyn 44 and Aculyn 46 from the company Röhm & Haas [Aculyn 46 is a polycondensate of polyethylene glycol containing 150 or 180 mol of ethylene oxide, of stearyl alcohol and of methylenebis(4-cyclohexyl isocyanate) (SMDI), at 15% by weight in a matrix of maltodextrin (4%) and water (81%); Aculyn 44 is a polycondensate of polyethylene glycol containing 150 or 180 mol of ethylene oxide, of decyl alcohol and of methylenebis(4-cyclohexyl isocyanate) (SMDI), at 35% by weight in a mixture of propylene glycol (
• the product DW 1206B from Röhm & Haas containing a C 20 alkyl chain and a urethane bond, sold at a solids content of 20% in water, may also be used.
• Use may also be made of solutions or dispersions of these polymers, especially in water or in aqueous-alcoholic medium.
• examples of such polymers that may be mentioned are Rheolate 255, Rheolate 278 and Rheolate 244 sold by the company Rheox.
• Use may also be made of the products DW 1206F and DW 1206J sold by the company Röhm & Haas.
• polyurethane polyethers that may be used according to the invention are in particular those described in the article by G. Fonnum, J. Bakke and Fk. Hansen—Colloid Polym. Sci 271, 380.389 (1993).
• the cationic associative polymers are preferably chosen from:
• the molecule containing at least one protonated or quaternized amine function and at least one hydrophobic group.
• the only hydrophobic groups are the groups R and R′ at the chain ends.
• R and R′ both independently represent a hydrophobic group
• X and X′ both independently represent a group comprising a quaternary amine
• n and p are zero
• L, L′, Y and m have the meaning given above.
• the number-average molecular mass of the cationic associative polyurethanes is preferably between 400 and 500 000 inclusive, in particular between 1000 and 400 000 inclusive and ideally between 1000 and 300 000 inclusive.
• hydrophobic group means a radical or polymer containing a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched hydrocarbon-based chain, which may contain one or more heteroatoms such as P, O, N or S, or a radical containing a perfluoro or silicone chain.
• hydrophobic group denotes a hydrocarbon-based radical, it comprises at least 10 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 30 carbon atoms, in particular from 12 to 30 carbon atoms and more preferentially from 18 to 30 carbon atoms.
• the hydrocarbon-based group is derived from a monofunctional compound.
• the hydrophobic group may be derived from a fatty alcohol such as stearyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol or decyl alcohol. It may also denote a hydrocarbon-based polymer, for instance polybutadiene.
• X and/or X′ denote(s) a group comprising a tertiary or quaternary amine
• X and/or X′ may represent one of the following formulae:
• R 2 represents a linear or branched alkylene radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, optionally comprising a saturated or unsaturated ring, or an arylene radical, one or more of the carbon atoms possibly being replaced with a heteroatom chosen from N, S, O and P;
• R 1 and R 3 which may be identical or different, denote a linear or branched C 1 -C 30 alkyl or alkenyl radical or an aryl radical, at least one of the carbon atoms possibly being replaced with a heteroatom chosen from N, S, O and P;
• a ⁇ is a physiologically acceptable anionic counterion such as a halide, for instance chloride or bromide, or mesylate.
• the groups L, L′ and L′′ represent a group of formula:
• Z represents —O—, —S— or —NH—
• R 4 represents a linear or branched alkylene radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, optionally comprising a saturated or unsaturated ring, or an arylene radical, one or more of the carbon atoms possibly being replaced with a heteroatom chosen from N, S, O and P.
• the groups P and P′ comprising an amine function may represent at least one of the following formulae:
• R 5 and R 7 have the same meanings as R 2 defined above;
• R 6 , R 8 and R 9 have the same meanings as R 1 and R 3 defined above;
• R 10 represents a linear or branched, optionally unsaturated alkylene group possibly containing one or more heteroatoms chosen from N, O, S and P;
• a ⁇ is a physiologically acceptable anionic counterion such as a halide, for instance chloride or bromide, or mesylate.
• hydrophilic group means a polymeric or non-polymeric water-soluble group.
• hydrophilic polymer when it is a hydrophilic polymer, in accordance with one preferred embodiment, mention may be made, for example, of polyethers, sulfonated polyesters, sulfonated polyamides or a mixture of these polymers.
• the hydrophilic compound is preferentially a polyether and especially a poly(ethylene oxide) or poly(propylene oxide).
• the cationic associative polyurethanes of formula (Ia) according to the invention are formed from diisocyanates and from various compounds bearing functions containing a labile hydrogen.
• the functions containing a labile hydrogen may be alcohol, primary or secondary amine or thiol functions, giving, after reaction with the diisocyanate functions, polyurethanes, polyureas and polythioureas, respectively.
• the term “polyurethanes” encompasses these three types of polymer, namely polyurethanes per se, polyureas and polythioureas, and also copolymers thereof.
• a first type of compound involved in the preparation of the polyurethane of formula (Ia) is a compound comprising at least one unit bearing an amine function.
• This compound may be multifunctional, but the compound is preferentially difunctional, that is to say that, according to one preferential embodiment, this compound comprises two labile hydrogen atoms borne, for example, by a hydroxyl, primary amine, secondary amine or thiol function.
• a mixture of multifunctional and difunctional compounds in which the percentage of multifunctional compounds is low may also be used.
• this compound may comprise more than one unit containing an amine function.
• it is a polymer bearing a repetition of the unit containing an amine function.
• Examples of compounds containing an amine function that may be mentioned include N-methyldiethanolamine, N-tert-butyldiethanolamine and N-sulfoethyldiethanolamine.
• the second compound included in the preparation of the polyurethane of formula (Ia) is a diisocyanate corresponding to the formula:
• methylenediphenyl diisocyanate By way of example, mention may be made of methylenediphenyl diisocyanate, methylenecyclohexane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, butane diisocyanate and hexane diisocyanate.
• a third compound involved in the preparation of the polyurethane of formula (Ia) is a hydrophobic compound intended to form the terminal hydrophobic groups of the polymer of formula (Ia).
• This compound is formed from a hydrophobic group and a function containing a labile hydrogen, for example a hydroxyl, primary or secondary amine, or thiol function.
• this compound may be a fatty alcohol such as, in particular, stearyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol or decyl alcohol.
• this compound may be, for example, ⁇ -hydroxylated hydrogenated polybutadiene.
• the hydrophobic group of the polyurethane of formula (Ia) may also result from the quaternization reaction of the tertiary amine of the compound comprising at least one tertiary amine unit.
• the hydrophobic group is introduced via the quaternizing agent.
• This quaternizing agent is a compound of the type RQ or R′Q, in which R and R′ are as defined above and Q denotes a leaving group such as a halide, a sulfate, etc.
• the cationic associative polyurethane may also comprise a hydrophilic block.
• This block is provided by a fourth type of compound involved in the preparation of the polymer.
• This compound may be multifunctional. It is preferably difunctional. It is also possible to have a mixture in which the percentage of multifunctional compound is low.
• the functions containing a labile hydrogen are alcohol, primary or secondary amine or thiol functions. This compound may be a polymer terminated at the chain ends with one of these functions containing a labile hydrogen.
• hydrophilic polymer When it is a hydrophilic polymer, mention may be made, for example, of polyethers, sulfonated polyesters and sulfonated polyamides, or a mixture of these polymers.
• the hydrophilic compound is preferentially a polyether and especially a poly(ethylene oxide) or poly(propylene oxide).
• the hydrophilic group termed Y in formula (Ia) is optional. Specifically, the units containing a quaternary amine or protonated function may suffice to provide the solubility or water-dispersibility required for this type of polymer in an aqueous solution.
• hydrophilic group Y is optional, cationic associative polyurethanes comprising such a group are, however, preferred.
• the quaternized cellulose derivatives are, in particular:
• R and R′ which may be identical or different, represent an ammonium group such as RaRbRcN + , Q ⁇ in which Ra, Rb and Rc, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C 1 -C 30 and preferentially C 1 -C 20 alkyl group, such as methyl or dodecyl; and
• Q ⁇ represents an anionic counterion such as a halide, for instance a chloride or bromide
• n, x and y which may be identical or different, represent an integer between 1 and 10 000.
• the alkyl radicals borne by the above quaternized celluloses i) or hydroxyethylcelluloses ii) preferably comprise from 8 to 30 carbon atoms.
• the aryl radicals preferably denote phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl or anthryl groups.
• Examples of quaternized alkylhydroxyethylcelluloses containing C 8 -C 30 fatty chains that may be indicated include the products Quatrisoft LM 200®, Quatrisoft LM-X 529-18-A®, Quatrisoft LM-X 529-18B® (C 12 alkyl) and Quatrisoft LM-X 529-8® (C 18 alkyl) sold by the company Amerchol, and the products Crodacel QM®, Crodacel QL® (C 12 alkyl) and Crodacel QS® (C 18 alkyl) sold by the company Croda.
• R represents a trimethylammonium halide and R′ represents a dimethyldodecylammonium halide
• R′ represents a dimethyldodecylammonium halide
• R′ represents dimethyldodecylammonium chloride (CH 3 ) 2 (C 12 H 25 )N + Cl ⁇
• Polymers of this type are known under the trade name Softcat Polymer SL®, such as SL-100 and SL-60.
• the polymers of formula (Ib) are those whose viscosity is between 2000 and 3000 cPs inclusive. Preferentially, the viscosity is between 2700 and 2800 cPs inclusive.
• the said polymers comprise:
• X denotes an oxygen atom or a radical NR 6 ,
• R 1 and R 6 denote, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C 1 -C 5 alkyl radical
• R 2 denotes a linear or branched C 1 -C 4 alkyl radical
• R 3 , R 4 and R 5 denote, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched C 1 -C 30 alkyl radical or a radical of formula (IIIc):
• p, q and r denote, independently of each other, either the value 0 or the value 1,
• n and n denote, independently of each other, an integer ranging from 0 to 100 inclusive
• x denotes an integer ranging from 1 to 100 inclusive
• Z denotes an anionic counterion of an organic or mineral acid, such as a halide, for instance chloride or bromide, or mesylate;
• the cationic poly(vinyllactam) polymers which may be used according to the invention may be crosslinked or noncrosslinked and may also be block polymers.
• the counterion Z ⁇ of the monomers of formula (Ic) is chosen from halide ions, phosphate ions, the methosulfate ion and the tosylate ion.
• R 3 , R 4 and R 5 denote, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C 1 -C 30 alkyl radical.
• the monomer b) is a monomer of formula (Ic) for which, even more preferentially, m and n are equal to 0.
• the vinyllactam or alkylvinyllactam monomer is preferably a compound of structure (IVc):
• s denotes an integer ranging from 3 to 6
• R 9 denotes a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C 1 -C 5 alkyl radical
• R 10 denotes a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C 1 -C 5 alkyl radical
• radicals R 9 and R 10 denotes a hydrogen atom.
• the monomer (IVc) is vinylpyrrolidone.
• the cationic poly(vinyllactam) polymers which may be used according to the invention may also contain one or more additional monomers, preferably cationic or nonionic monomers.
• R 3 and R 4 denote, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C 1 -C 5 alkyl radical.
• terpolymers comprising, by weight, 40% to 95% of monomer a), 0.1% to 55% of monomer c) and 0.25% to 50% of monomer b) will be used.
• cationic poly(vinyllactam) polymers which may be used according to the invention, vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide/dodecyldimethylmethacrylamidopropylammonium tosylate terpolymers, vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide/cocoyldimethyl methacrylamidopropylammonium tosylate terpolymers, vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide/lauryldimethyl methacrylamidopropylammonium tosylate or chloride terpolymers are used in particular.
• the weight-average molecular mass of the cationic poly(vinyllactam) polymers which may be used according to the present invention is preferably between 500 and 20 000 000. It is more particularly between 200 000 and 2 000 000 and even more preferentially between 400 000 and 800 000.
• amphoteric associative polymers are preferably chosen from those comprising at least one non-cyclic cationic unit. Even more particularly, the ones that are preferred are those prepared from or comprising 1 mol % to 20 mol %, preferably 1.5 mol % to 15 mol % and even more particularly 1.5 mol % to 6 mol % of fatty-chain monomer relative to the total number of moles of monomers.
• amphoteric associative polymers according to the invention comprise those that are prepared by copolymerizing:
• R 1 and R 2 which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical
• R 3 , R 4 and R 5 which may be identical or different, represent a linear or branched alkyl radical containing from 1 to 30 carbon atoms
• Z represents an NH group or an oxygen atom
• n is an integer from 2 to 5
• a ⁇ is an anion derived from an organic or mineral acid, such as a methosulfate anion or a halide such as chloride or bromide;
• R 6 and R 7 which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical
• R 6 and R 7 which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical
• X denotes an oxygen or nitrogen atom
• R 8 denotes a linear or branched alkyl radical containing from 1 to 30 carbon atoms
• the monomers of formulae (Va) and (Vb) of the present invention are preferably chosen from the group formed by:
• these monomers optionally being quaternized, for example with a C 1 -C 4 alkyl halide or a C 1 -C 4 dialkyl sulfate.
• the monomer of formula (Va) is chosen from acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride and methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride.
• the monomers of formula (VI) of the present invention are preferably chosen from the group formed by acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid and 2-methylcrotonic acid. More particularly, the monomer of formula (VI) is acrylic acid.
• the monomers of formula (VII) of the present invention are preferably chosen from the group formed by C 12 -C 22 and more particularly C 16 -C 18 alkyl acrylates or methacrylates.
• the monomers constituting the fatty-chain amphoteric polymers of the invention are preferably already neutralized and/or quaternized.
• the ratio of the number of cationic charges/anionic charges is preferably equal to about 1.
• amphoteric associative polymers according to the invention preferably comprise from 1 mol % to 10 mol % of the monomer comprising a fatty chain (monomer of formula (Va), (Vb) or (VII)), and preferably from 1.5 mol % to 6 mol %.
• amphoteric associative polymers according to the invention may also contain other monomers such as nonionic monomers and in particular such as C 1 -C 4 alkyl acrylates or methacrylates.
• Amphoteric associative polymers according to the invention are described and prepared, for example, in patent application WO 98/44012.
• amphoteric associative polymers the ones that are preferred are acrylic acid/(meth)acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride/stearyl methacrylate terpolymers.
• the preferred associative polymers are chosen from nonionic and cationic polymers.
• the associative polymers of the invention are celluloses or polyurethanes, and preferably celluloses.
• the polymeric thickeners (b) that are used according to the invention may also be chosen from anionic associative polymeric thickeners containing acrylic and/or methacrylic units.
• the (meth)acrylic anionic associative thickeners that may be used according to the invention may be chosen from those comprising at least one hydrophilic unit of unsaturated olefinic carboxylic acid type, and at least one hydrophobic unit of the type such as a (C 10 -C 30 )alkyl ester of an unsaturated carboxylic acid.
• these (meth)acrylic associative thickeners are preferably chosen from those in which the hydrophilic unit of unsaturated olefinic carboxylic acid type corresponds to the monomer of formula (VIII) below:
• R 1 denotes H or CH 3 , i.e. acrylic acid or methacrylic acid units
• hydrophobic unit of (C 10 -C 30 )alkyl ester of unsaturated carboxylic acid type corresponds to the monomer of formula (IX) below:
• R 1 denotes H or CH 3 (i.e. acrylate or methacrylate units)
• R 2 denoting a C 10 -C 30 and preferably C 12 -C 22 alkyl radical.
• (C 10 -C 30 )alkyl esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids according to formula (IX) mention may be made more particularly of lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate and dodecyl acrylate, and the corresponding methacrylates, lauryl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, decyl methacrylate, isodecyl methacrylate and dodecyl methacrylate.
• the (meth)acrylic associative thickeners that may be used according to the invention may more particularly denote polymers formed from a mixture of monomers comprising:
• R 3 denotes H or CH 3
• R 4 denoting an alkyl radical having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms
• a crosslinking agent for instance those consisting of from 95% to 60% by weight of acrylic acid (hydrophilic unit), 4% to 40% by weight of C 10 -C 30 alkyl acrylate (hydrophobic unit), and 0 to 6% by weight of crosslinking polymerizable monomer, or 98% to 96% by weight of acrylic acid (hydrophilic unit), 1% to 4% by weight of C 10 -C 30 alkyl acrylate (hydrophobic unit) and 0.1% to 0.6% by weight of crosslinking polymerizable monomer; or
• crosslinking agent means a monomer containing a group
• crosslinking agent that may be used according to the invention, mention may be made especially of polyallyl ethers especially such as polyallyl sucrose and polyallylpentaerythritol.
• the ones most particularly preferred according to the present invention are the products sold by the company Goodrich under the trade names Pemulen TR1, Pemulen TR2, Carbopol 1382, and more preferably still Pemulen TR1, and the product sold by the company S.E.P.C. under the name Coatex SX.
• (meth)acrylic associative thickeners mention may also be made of the copolymer of methacrylic acid/methyl acrylate/dimethyl-meta-isopropenylbenzyl isocyanate of ethoxylated alcohol sold under the name Viscophobe DB 1000 by the company Amerchol.
• (meth)acrylic associative thickeners may also be sulfonic polymers comprising at least one (meth)acrylic monomer bearing sulfonic group(s), in free form or partially or totally neutralized form and comprising at least one hydrophobic portion.
• the said hydrophobic portion present in the said sulfonic polymers that may be used according to the invention preferably comprises from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably still from 8 to 18 carbon atoms and more particularly from 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
• these sulfonic polymers that may be used according to the invention are partially or totally neutralized with a mineral base (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or aqueous ammonia) or an organic base such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine, an aminomethylpropanediol, N-methylglucamine, basic amino acids, for instance arginine and lysine, and mixtures of these compounds.
• a mineral base sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or aqueous ammonia
• organic base such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine, an aminomethylpropanediol, N-methylglucamine, basic amino acids, for instance arginine and lysine, and mixtures of these compounds.
• These said sulfonic polymers generally have a number-average molecular weight ranging from 1000 to 20 000 000 g/mol, preferably ranging from 20 000 to 5 000 000 and even more preferably from 100 000 to 1 500 000 g/mol.
• the sulfonic polymers that may be used according to the invention may or may not be crosslinked.
• Crosslinked polymers are preferably chosen.
• the crosslinking agents may be selected from polyolefinically unsaturated compounds commonly used for the crosslinking of polymers obtained by free-radical polymerization. Mention may be made, for example, of divinylbenzene, diallyl ether, dipropylene glycol diallyl ether, polyglycol diallyl ethers, triethylene glycol divinyl ether, hydroquinone diallyl ether, ethylene glycol diacrylatedi(meth)acrylate or tetraethylene glycol diacrylatedi(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, methylenebisacrylamide, methylenebismethacrylamide, triallylamine, triallyl cyanurate, diallyl maleate, tetraallylethylenediamine, tetraallyloxyethane, trimethylolpropane diallyl ether, allyl (meth)acrylate, allyl ethers of alcohols of the sugar series, or other allyl or
• Methylenebisacrylamide, allyl methacrylate or trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) will be used more particularly.
• the degree of crosslinking will generally range from 0.01 mol % to 10 mol % and more particularly from 0.2 mol % to 2 mol % relative to the polymer.
• the (meth)acrylic monomers bearing sulfonic group(s) of the sulfonic polymers that may be used according to the invention are chosen especially from (meth)acrylamido(C 1 -C 22 )alkylsulfonic acids and N—(C 1 -C 22 )alkyl(meth)acrylamido(C 1 -C 22 )alkylsulfonic acids, for instance undecylacrylamidomethanesulfonic acid, and also partially or totally neutralized forms thereof.
• (Meth)acrylamido(C 1 -C 22 )alkylsulfonic acids for instance acrylamidomethanesulfonic acid, acrylamidoethanesulfonic acid, acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, methacrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-n-butanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2,4,4-trimethylpentanesulfonic acid, 2-methacrylamidododecylsulfonic acid or 2-acrylamido-2,6-dimethyl-3-heptanesulfonic acid, and also partially or totally neutralized forms thereof, will more preferentially be used.
• APMS 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
• the (meth)acrylic associative thickeners that may be used according to the invention may be chosen especially from random amphiphilic AMPS polymers modified by reaction with a C 6 -C 22 n-monoalkylamine or C 6 -C 22 di-n-alkylamine, and such as those described in patent application WO 00/31154 (which forms an integral part of the content of the description).
• These polymers may also contain other ethylenically unsaturated hydrophilic monomers selected, for example, from (meth)acrylic acids, ⁇ -substituted alkyl derivatives thereof or esters thereof obtained with monoalcohols or mono- or polyalkylene glycols, (meth)acrylamides, vinylpyrrolidone, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid or maleic acid, or mixtures of these compounds.
• the (meth)acrylic associative thickeners bearing sulfonic group(s) that may particularly preferably be used according to the invention are preferably chosen from amphiphilic copolymers of AMPS and of at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrophobic monomer comprising at least one hydrophobic portion containing from 8 to 50 carbon atoms, more preferably from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably still from 8 to 18 carbon atoms and more particularly 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
• copolymers may also contain one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers not comprising a fatty chain, such as (meth)acrylic acids, ⁇ -substituted alkyl derivatives thereof or esters thereof obtained with monoalcohols or mono- or polyalkylene glycols, (meth)acrylamides, vinylpyrrolidone, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid or maleic acid, or mixtures of these compounds.
• monomers not comprising a fatty chain such as (meth)acrylic acids, ⁇ -substituted alkyl derivatives thereof or esters thereof obtained with monoalcohols or mono- or polyalkylene glycols, (meth)acrylamides, vinylpyrrolidone, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid or maleic acid, or mixtures of these compounds.
• the ethylenically unsaturated hydrophobic monomers of these particular copolymers are preferably selected from the acrylates or acrylamides of formula (XI) below:
• R 5 and R 7 which may be identical or different, denote a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical (preferably methyl); Y denotes O or NH; R 6 denotes a hydrophobic hydrocarbon-based radical containing at least 8 to 50 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and more particularly from 12 to 18 carbon atoms; x denotes a number of moles of alkylene oxide and ranges from 0 to 100.
• the radical R 6 is preferably chosen from linear C 6 -C 18 alkyl radicals (for example n-hexyl, n-octyl, n-decyl, n-hexadecyl, n-dodecyl), or branched or cyclic C 6 -C 18 alkyl radicals (for example cyclododecane (C 12 ) or adamantane (C 10 )); C 6 -C 18 perfluoroalkyl radicals (for example the group of formula —(CH 2 ) 2 —(CF 2 ) 9 —CF 3 ); the cholesteryl radical (C 27 ) or a cholesterol ester residue, for instance the cholesteryl oxyhexanoate group; aromatic polycyclic groups such as naphthalene or pyrene.
• these radicals the ones that are more particularly preferred are linear alkyl radicals and more particularly the n-dodecyl radical.
• the monomer of formula (XI) comprises at least one alkylene oxide unit (x ⁇ 1) and preferably a polyoxyalkylene chain.
• the polyoxyalkylene chain preferentially consists of ethylene oxide units and/or propylene oxide units and even more particularly consists of ethylene oxide units.
• the number of oxyalkylene units generally ranges from 3 to 100, more preferably from 3 to 50 and more preferably still from 7 to 25.
• copolymers of totally neutralized AMPS and of dodecyl methacrylate and also crosslinked and non-crosslinked copolymers of AMPS and of n-dodecylmethacrylamide, such as those described in the Morishima articles mentioned above.
• X + is a proton, an alkali metal cation, an alkaline-earth metal cation or an ammonium ion
• x denotes an integer ranging from 3 to 100, preferably from 5 to 80 and more preferentially from 7 to 25;
• R 5 has the same meaning as that indicated above in formula (XI) and R 8 denotes a linear or branched C 6 -C 22 and more preferentially C 10 -C 22 alkyl.
• the polymers for which X + denotes sodium or ammonium are more particularly preferred.
• the nonionic, cationic, amphoteric or anionic associative polymeric thickening polymer(s) (b) may be present in the composition according to the invention in a content ranging from 0.01% to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.1% to 20% by weight and better still from 0.2% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
• composition according to the invention may also comprise one or more thickeners other than the associative polymeric thickeners already mentioned.
• composition according to the invention may also comprise one or more surfactants, more particularly nonionic, anionic, cationic or amphoteric surfactants.
• nonionic surfactant(s) that may be used in the cosmetic composition according to the invention are described, for example, in the Handbook of Surfactants by M. R. Porter, published by Blackie & Son (Glasgow and London), 1991, pp. 116-178.
• They are especially chosen from alcohols, ⁇ -diols and (C 1 -C 20 )alkylphenols, these compounds being polyethoxylated, polypropoxylated and/or polyglycerolated, and containing at least one fatty chain comprising, for example, from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, it being possible for the number of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide groups to especially range from 2 to 50, and for the number of glycerol groups to especially range from 2 to 30.
• fatty compound for example a fatty acid
• fatty acid denotes for these surfactants a compound comprising, in its main chain, at least one saturated or unsaturated alkyl chain containing at least 6 carbon atoms, preferably from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, and better still from 10 to 22 carbon atoms.
• anionic surfactant means a surfactant comprising, as ionic or ionizable groups, only anionic groups. These anionic groups are chosen preferably from the groups CO 2 H, CO 2 ⁇ , SO 3 H, SO 3 ⁇ , OSO 3 H, OSO 3 ⁇ , O 2 PO 2 H, O 2 PO 2 H ⁇ and O 2 PO 2 2 ⁇ .
• the anionic surfactant(s) that may be used in the composition of the invention are especially chosen from alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkylamido ether sulfates, alkylaryl polyether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates, alkylsulfonates, alkylamide sulfonates, alkylarylsulfonates, ⁇ -olefin sulfonates, paraffin sulfonates, alkylsulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates, alkylamide sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfoacetates, acylsarcosinates, acylglutamates, alkylsulfosuccinamates, acylisethionates and N-acyltaurates, salts of alkyl monoesters and polyglycoside-polycarbox
• Some of these compounds may be oxyethylenated and then preferably comprise from 1 to 50 ethylene oxide units.
• the salts of C 6 -C 24 alkyl monoesters of polyglycoside-polycarboxylic acids may be chosen from C 6 -C 24 alkyl polyglycoside-citrates, C 6 -C 24 alkyl polyglycoside-tartrates and C 6 -C 24 alkyl polyglycoside-sulfo succinates.
• anionic surfactant(s) are in salt form, they are not in the form of zinc salts, and they may be chosen from alkali metal salts, such as the sodium or potassium salt, and preferably the sodium salt, ammonium salts, amine salts, and in particular amino alcohol salts, and alkaline-earth metal salts such as the magnesium salt.
• amino alcohol salts examples include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine salts, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine or triisopropanolamine salts, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol salts, 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol salts and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane salts.
• Alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal salts and in particular the sodium or magnesium salts are preferably used.
• Use is preferably made of (C 6 -C 24 )alkyl sulfates, (C 6 -C 24 )alkyl ether sulfates, which are optionally ethoxylated, comprising from 2 to 50 ethylene oxide units, and mixtures thereof, in particular in the form of alkali metal salts or alkaline-earth metal salts, ammonium salts or amino alcohol salts. More preferentially, the anionic surfactant(s) are chosen from (C 10 -C 20 )alkyl ether sulfates, and in particular sodium lauryl ether sulfate containing 2.2 mol of ethylene oxide.
• cationic surfactant means a surfactant that is positively charged when it is contained in the composition according to the invention. This surfactant may bear one or more positive permanent charges or may contain one or more functions that are cationizable in the composition according to the invention.
• the cationic surfactant(s) are preferably selected from primary, secondary or tertiary fatty amines, optionally polyoxyalkylenated, or salts thereof, and quaternary ammonium salts, and mixtures thereof.
• the fatty amines generally comprise at least one C 8 -C 30 hydrocarbon-based chain.
• examples that may be mentioned include stearylamidopropyldimethylamine and distearylamine.
• quaternary ammonium salts examples include:
• the groups R 8 to R 11 which may be identical or different, represent a linear or branched aliphatic group containing from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or an aromatic group such as aryl or alkylaryl, at least one of the groups R 8 to R 11 denoting a group containing from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 12 to 24 carbon atoms.
• the aliphatic groups may comprise heteroatoms especially such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and halogens.
• the aliphatic groups are chosen, for example, from C 1 -C 30 alkyl, C 2 -C 30 alkenyl, C 1 -C 30 alkoxy, polyoxy(C 2 -C 6 )alkylene, C 1 -C 30 alkylamide, (C 12 -C 22 )alkylamido(C 2 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 12 -C 22 )alkyl acetate and C 1 -C 30 hydroxyalkyl groups;
• X ⁇ is an anion chosen from the group of halides, phosphates, acetates, lactates, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl sulfates, and (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl- or (C 1 -C 4 )alkylarylsulfonates.
• quaternary ammonium salts of formula (XIV) those that are preferred are, on the one hand, tetraalkylammonium salts, for instance dialkyldimethylammonium or alkyltrimethylammonium salts in which the alkyl group contains approximately from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, in particular behenyltrimethylammonium, distearyldimethylammonium, cetyltrimethylammonium or benzyldimethylstearylammonium salts, or, on the other hand, palmitylamidopropyltrimethylammonium salts, stearamidopropyltrimethylammonium salts and stearamidopropyldimethylcetearylammonium salts. It is particularly preferred to use the chloride salts of these compounds.
• R 12 represents an alkenyl or alkyl group comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, derived for example from tallow fatty acids
• R 13 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group or an alkyl or alkenyl group comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms
• R 14 represents a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group
• R 15 represents a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group
• X ⁇ is an anion chosen from the group of halides, phosphates, acetates, lactates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl- or alkylaryl-sulfonates in which the alkyl and aryl groups preferably comprise, respectively, from 1 to 20 carbon atoms and from 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
• R 12 and R 13 preferably denote a mixture of alkenyl or alkyl groups containing from 12 to 21 carbon atoms, derived for example from tallow fatty acids, R 14 preferably denotes a methyl group, and R 15 preferably denotes a hydrogen atom.
• R 12 and R 13 preferably denote a mixture of alkenyl or alkyl groups containing from 12 to 21 carbon atoms, derived for example from tallow fatty acids
• R 14 preferably denotes a methyl group
• R 15 preferably denotes a hydrogen atom.
• Such a product is sold, for example, under the name Rewoquat® W 75 by the company Rewo;
• R 16 denotes an alkyl radical comprising approximately from 16 to 30 carbon atoms, which is optionally hydroxylated and/or interrupted with one or more oxygen atoms
• R 17 is chosen from hydrogen or an alkyl radical comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a group (R 16a )(R 17a )(R 18a )N—(CH 2 ) 3 ;
• R 16a , R 17a , R 18a , R 18 , R 19 , R 20 and R 21 which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen and an alkyl radical comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and X ⁇ is an anion chosen from the group of halides, acetates, phosphates, nitrates and methyl sulfates.
• Such compounds are, for example, Finquat CT-P, sold by the company Finetex (Quaternium 89), and Finquat CT, sold by the company Finetex (Quaternium 75),
• R 22 is chosen from C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups and C 1 -C 6 hydroxyalkyl or dihydroxyalkyl groups;
• R 23 is chosen from:
• R 25 is chosen from:
• R 24 , R 26 and R 28 which may be identical or different, are chosen from linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 7 -C 21 hydrocarbon-based groups;
• r, s and t which may be identical or different, are integers ranging from 2 to 6;
• y is an integer ranging from 1 to 10;
• x and z which may be identical or different, are integers ranging from 0 to 10;
• X— is a simple or complex, organic or mineral anion
• the alkyl groups R 22 may be linear or branched, and more particularly linear.
• R 22 denotes a methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl or dihydroxypropyl group, and more particularly a methyl or ethyl group.
• the sum x+y+z is from 1 to 10.
• R 23 is a hydrocarbon-based group R 27 , it may be long and contain from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, or may be short and contain from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
• R 25 is an R 29 hydrocarbon-based group, it preferably contains 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
• R 24 , R 26 and R 28 which may be identical or different, are chosen from linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 11 -C 21 hydrocarbon-based groups, and more particularly from linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 11 -C 21 alkyl and alkenyl groups.
• x and z which may be identical or different, are equal to 0 or 1.
• y is equal to 1.
• r, s and t which may be identical or different, are equal to 2 or 3, and even more particularly are equal to 2.
• the anion X ⁇ is preferably a halide (chloride, bromide or iodide) or an alkyl sulfate, more particularly methyl sulfate.
• halide chloride, bromide or iodide
• alkyl sulfate more particularly methyl sulfate.
• methanesulfonate, phosphate, nitrate, tosylate an anion derived from an organic acid, such as acetate or lactate, or any other anion compatible with the ammonium containing an ester function.
• the anion X ⁇ is even more particularly chloride or methyl sulfate.
• R 22 denotes a methyl or ethyl group
• x and y are equal to 1;
• z is equal to 0 or 1;
• r, s and t are equal to 2;
• R 23 is chosen from:
• R 25 is chosen from:
• R 24 , R 26 and R 28 which may be identical or different, are chosen from linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 13 -C 17 hydrocarbon-based groups, and preferably from linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 13 -C 17 alkyl and alkenyl groups.
• hydrocarbon-based groups are advantageously linear.
• acyl groups preferably contain 14 to 18 carbon atoms and are obtained more particularly from a plant oil, such as palm oil or sunflower oil. When the compound contains several acyl groups, these groups may be identical or different.
• These products are obtained, for example, by direct esterification of triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, an alkyldiethanolamine or an alkyldiisopropanolamine, which are optionally oxyalkylenated, with C 10 -C 30 fatty acids or with mixtures of C 10 -C 30 fatty acids of plant or animal origin, or by transesterification of the methyl esters thereof.
• This esterification is followed by quaternization using an alkylating agent such as an alkyl (preferably methyl or ethyl) halide, a dialkyl (preferably methyl or ethyl) sulfate, methyl methanesulfonate, methyl para-toluenesulfonate, glycol chlorohydrin or glycerol chlorohydrin.
• an alkylating agent such as an alkyl (preferably methyl or ethyl) halide, a dialkyl (preferably methyl or ethyl) sulfate, methyl methanesulfonate, methyl para-toluenesulfonate, glycol chlorohydrin or glycerol chlorohydrin.
• Such compounds are, for example, sold under the names Dehyquart® by the company Henkel, Stepanquat® by the company Stepan, Noxamium® by the company Ceca or Rewoquat® WE 18 by the company Rewo-Witco.
• composition according to the invention may contain, for example, a mixture of quaternary ammonium monoester, diester and triester salts with a weight majority of diester salts.
• ammonium salts containing at least one ester function that are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,874,554 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,137,180.
• Use may be made of behenoylhydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, provided by Kao under the name Quatarmin BTC 131.
• the ammonium salts containing at least one ester function contain two ester functions.
• quaternary ammonium salts containing at least one ester function which may be used according to the invention, it is preferred to use dipalmitoylethylhydroxyethylmethylammonium salts.
• amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s) that may be used in the present invention may especially be secondary or tertiary aliphatic amine derivatives, optionally quaternized, in which the aliphatic group is a linear or branched chain containing from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, the said amine derivatives containing at least one anionic group, for instance a carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate group.
• Ra represents a C 10 -C 30 alkyl or alkenyl group derived from an acid RaCOOH preferably present in hydrolysed coconut oil, or a heptyl, nonyl or undecyl group;
• Rb represents a beta-hydroxyethyl group
• Rc represents a carboxymethyl group
• M + represents a cationic counterion derived from an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion derived from an organic amine;
• X ⁇ represents an organic or mineral anionic counterion, preferably chosen from halides, acetates, phosphates, nitrates, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl sulfates, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl or (C 1 -C 4 )alkylaryl sulfonates, in particular methyl sulfate and ethyl sulfate;
• n 0, 1 or 2;
• Z represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyethyl or carboxymethyl group
• B represents the group —CH 2 —CH 2 —O—X′
• X′ represents the group —CH 2 —C(O)OH, —CH 2 —C(O)OZ′, —CH 2 —CH 2 —C(O)OH, —CH 2 —CH 2 —C(O)OZ′, or a hydrogen atom;
• Y′ represents the group —C(O)OH, —C(O)OZ′, —CH 2 —CH(OH)—SO 3 H or the group —CH 2 —CH(OH)—SO 3 —Z′;
• Z′ represents a cationic counterion derived from an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion derived from an organic amine;
• Ra′ represents a C 10 -C 30 alkyl or C 10 -C 30 alkenyl group of an acid Ra′—COOH, which is preferably present in coconut oil or in hydrolysed linseed oil, or an alkyl group, especially a C 17 alkyl group and its iso form, or an unsaturated C 17 group.
• n′ is equal to 0, 1 or 2
• Z represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyethyl or carboxymethyl group.
• the compounds of this type are classified in the CTFA dictionary, 5th edition, 1993, under the names disodium cocoamphodiacetate, disodium lauroamphodiacetate, disodium caprylamphodiacetate, disodium capryloamphodiacetate, disodium cocoamphodipropionate, disodium lauroamphodipropionate, disodium caprylamphodipropionate, disodium capryloamphodipropionate, lauroamphodipropionic acid, cocoamphodipropionic acid and hydro xyethylcarbo xymethylcocamidopropylamine.
• Examples that may be mentioned include the cocoamphodiacetate sold by the company Rhodia under the trade name Miranol® C2M Concentrate or under the trade name Miranol Ultra C 32 and the product sold by the company Chimex under the trade name Chimexane HA.
• Y′′ represents the group —C(O)OH, —C(O)OZ′′, —CH 2 —CH(OH)—SO 3 H or the group CH 2 —CH(OH)—SO 3 —Z′′;
• Rd and Re independently of each other, represent a C 1 -C 4 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical
• Z′′ represents a cationic counterion derived from an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion derived from an organic amine;
• Ra′′ represents a C 10 -C 30 alkyl or alkenyl group of an acid Ra′′—C(O)OH which is preferably present in coconut oil or in hydrolysed linseed oil;
• n and n′ denote, independently of each other, an integer ranging from 1 to 3.
• amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants it is preferred to use (C 8 -C 20 alkyl)betaines such as cocoylbetaine, (C 8 -C 20 alkyl)amido(C 2 -C 8 alkyl)betaines such as cocoylamidopropylbetaine, and mixtures thereof.
• amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s) are chosen from cocoylamidopropylbetaine and cocoylbetaine.
• the surfactants used in the composition according to the invention are preferably nonionic or cationic.
• the surfactant(s) may be present in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.1% to 10% by weight and better still from 1% to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
• composition according to the invention advantageously comprises water, which advantageously represents from 1% to 95%, preferably from 20% to 80% and better still from 40% to 70% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
• composition according to the invention may also comprise one or more fatty substances.
• fatty substance means an organic compound that is insoluble in water at ordinary room temperature (25° C.) and at atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg), with a solubility in water of less than 5%, preferably less than 1% and even more preferentially less than 0.1%.
• the fatty substances are generally soluble in organic solvents under the same temperature and pressure conditions, for instance chloroform, ethanol, benzene, liquid petroleum jelly or decamethylcyclopentasiloxane.
• the said fatty substance(s) that may be used in the composition according to the invention are preferably chosen from hydrocarbons, fatty alcohols, fatty acid and/or fatty alcohol esters, non-salified fatty acids, silicones and mixtures thereof.
• the fatty substance(s) may be liquid or non-liquid at room temperature and at atmospheric pressure.
• the said fatty substance(s) may represent from 0.001% to 90% by weight, better still from 0.1% to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5% to 30% by weight and better still from 1% to 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
• composition may also comprise one or more water-soluble organic solvents (solubility of greater than or equal to 5% in water at 25° C. and at atmospheric pressure).
• water-soluble organic solvents examples include linear or branched and preferably saturated monoalcohols or diols, comprising 2 to 10 carbon atoms, such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, hexylene glycol (2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol), neopentyl glycol and 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and propylene glycol; aromatic alcohols such as phenylethyl alcohol; polyols containing more than two hydroxyl functions, such as glycerol; polyol ethers, for instance ethylene glycol monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ethers, propylene glycol or ethers thereof, for instance propylene glycol monomethyl ether; and also diethylene glycol alkyl ethers, especially C 1 -C 4 alkyl ethers, for instance diethylene glycol monoethyl ether
• the water-soluble organic solvents when they are present, generally represent between 1% and 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition according to the invention, and preferably between 5% and 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
• composition according to the invention may also contain one or more additives chosen from the active principles and cosmetic adjuvants commonly used in the field of haircare.
• additives are chosen, for example, from fixing polymers other than the thickening polymers already mentioned, conditioning agents and especially cationic polymers, silicones, chitosans and derivatives, hydrophobic solvents, hair dyes such as direct dyes, in particular cationic or natural dyes, oxidation dyes and pigments; UV-screening agents, fillers such as nacres, titanium dioxide, resins and clays; fragrances, peptizers, vitamins, preserving agents, acidic agents, alkaline agents, reducing agents, oxidizing agents, amino acids, oligopeptides, peptides, hydrolysed or non-hydrolysed, modified or unmodified proteins, enzymes, organic acids, antioxidants and free-radical scavengers, chelating agents, antidandruff agents, seborrhoea regulators, calmatives, plasticizers,
• the above additives may be present in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition according to the invention.
• composition according to the invention may be in the form of a wax, a paste, a cream, a gel, a foam, a spray or a lotion.
• a subject of the present invention is also the use of the composition as defined according to the invention for straightening keratin fibres, preferably the hair.
• a subject of the invention is also a process for straightening keratin fibres, preferably the hair, comprising:
• the temperature is raised by means of the said heating means to a temperature ranging from 100 to 250° C. and better still from 150 to 230° C.
• the composition according to the invention is applied to a wet or dry head of hair, preferably wet hair, with or without a leave-on time.
• the bath ratio of the applied formulation may range from 0.1 to 10 and more particularly from 0.2 to 5.
• the keratin fibres are then optionally rubbed dry, preferably rubbed dry.
• One or more heating means are applied once or in succession to the keratin fibres at a temperature ranging from 25 to 250° C., preferably from 100 to 250° C. and better still from 150 to 230° C. for a time ranging from 5 seconds to 1 hour and preferably from 5 seconds to 1 minute.
• the hair then optionally undergoes one or more of the following operations: rinsing, shampooing and treatment with a rinse-out hair conditioner, drying, preferably using a hood or a hairdryer.
• the said leave-on time is preferably from 5 minutes to 1 hour.
• bath ratio means the ratio between the total weight of the applied composition and the total weight of keratin fibres to be treated.
• Heating means that may especially be used include a straightening iron, a curling iron, a crimping iron, a waving iron, a hood, a hairdryer, an infrared heating system or a heating roller (of the digital perm type).
• the heating means is preferably an iron.
• compositions 1 to 2 for straightening keratin fibres according to the invention are prepared, along with a control composition not containing any thickener according to the invention.
• the formulations are indicated in Table I (the amounts are expressed as weight percentages relative to the total weight of the composition).
• compositions 1 and 2 and the control composition are applied to locks of moderately curly hair (curliness level 3 according to the article Shape variability and classification of human hair , Roland De La Mettrie et al., Human Biology, 2007, vol. 79, No. 3, pages 265-281) according to the following protocol:
• the keratin fibres are prewashed with a shampoo.
• compositions are applied to a separate wet lock. The excess product is then removed by rubbing dry.
• the locks are then predried with a hairdryer.
• a straightening iron is then applied slowly along the locks twice in succession at a temperature of 210° C. (for about 1 minute).
• the locks are then shampooed and are finally dried using a hairdryer.
• the Applicant finds that the straightening of the hair for the two compositions according to the invention and the control composition is persistent.
• the Applicant finds that the working qualities in terms of ease of distribution onto the head of hair, the ease of blow-drying and the ease of passage of flat tongs are greater in the case of compositions 1 and 2 according to the invention relative to the control composition.
• compositions 1 and 2 according to the invention afford the hair greater sheen and cosmeticity than the control composition.
• Composition 3 for straightening keratin fibres according to the invention is prepared, along with a control composition not containing any thickener according to the invention.
• the formulations are indicated in Table II (the amounts are expressed as weight percentages relative to the total weight of the composition).
• Composition 3 and the control composition are applied to locks of moderately curly hair (curliness level 3 according to the article Shape variability and classification of human hair , Roland De La Mettrie et al., Human Biology, 2007, vol. 79, No. 3, pages 265-281) according to the following protocol:
• the keratin fibres are prewashed with a shampoo.
• compositions are applied to a separate wet lock. The excess product is then removed by rubbing dry.
• the locks are then predried with a hairdryer.
• a straightening iron is then applied slowly along the locks twice in succession at a temperature of 210° C. (for about 1 minute).
• the locks are then shampooed and are finally dried using a hairdryer.
• the Applicant finds that the straightening of the hair for composition 3 according to the invention and the control composition is persistent.
• the Applicant finds that the working qualities in terms of ease of distribution onto the head of hair, the ease of blow-drying and the ease of passage of flat tongs are greater in the case of composition 3 according to the invention relative to the control composition.
• composition 3 according to the invention affords the hair greater sheen and cosmeticity than the control composition.

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• 2014
  • 2014-04-25 EP EP14719334.6A patent/EP2988830B1/fr active Active
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  • 2014-04-25 US US14/786,608 patent/US20160199276A1/en not_active Abandoned
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