US3364103A - Apparatus for dewatering paper - Google Patents

Apparatus for dewatering paper Download PDF

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Publication number
US3364103A
US3364103A US424756A US42475665A US3364103A US 3364103 A US3364103 A US 3364103A US 424756 A US424756 A US 424756A US 42475665 A US42475665 A US 42475665A US 3364103 A US3364103 A US 3364103A
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Prior art keywords
water
roll
web
rolls
nip
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US424756A
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Kusters Eduard
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F3/00—Press section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F3/02—Wet presses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S162/00—Paper making and fiber liberation
    • Y10S162/07—Water collectors, e.g. save-alls

Definitions

  • a dewatering apparatus has a set of rotative press rolls with one or both of these rolls having circumferentially separated liquid passageways into which the water from the paper is pressed. These passageways are filled with water as they arrive at the nip formed by the set of rolls and are sealed when leaving the nip against loss of the additional Water pressed into these passageways. The latter are of course unsealed while at the nip so that the water from the paper can be pressed into them.
  • This invention relates to a process and apparatus for dewatering paper.
  • the principles involved may be applied whenever it is desired to remove liquid mechanically from any material having the physical characteristics of paper and in which the liquid is absorbed initially.
  • Dewatering is done in the Wet end of a paper machine by press roll sets each including at least two rolls forming a nip through which the continuously traveling wet web passes. These rolls press towards each other and apply compressive pressure to the paper web, which as first formed necessarily has a high water content, the resulting compression of the paper mechanically squeezing the water from the paper web as it goes through the nip of the rolls.
  • the paper web is in the form of intertangled cellulosic fibers and acts like a sponge absorbing the water. When compressed the water is squeezed to the surfaces of the paper. When the compressive pressure is released, the paper re-expands and reabsorbs water on its surfaces.
  • the primary object of the present invention is to improve on the efficiency of de- 3,364,l3 Patented Jan. 16, 1968 watering paper by using press rolls, and to do this in a manner that is practical in the commercial sense.
  • the present invention makes use of the principles involved when using a pipette.
  • a pipette is complete ly filled with liquid so it is free from air or other gas and its upper end is sealed air-tightly, the liquid is held in the pipette in a hydraulically locked condition providing there is no air between the liquid and the sealed upper end.
  • the lower open end of this filled and sealed pipette may be placed against a compressed absorbent material and when the compressing pressure is released the material can not suck the liquid from the lower end of the pipette.
  • ipette may be swung so as to apply centrifugal force to the liquid without the liquid being thrown from the pipettes lower end, and the liquid can not fall gravitationally from this open endv
  • a pipette completely filled with liquid but with its upper end open has its lower end pressed against a web absorbent material so as to compress the latter, the liquid squeezed from the material will be forced into the pipette While forcing from the pipettes upper end an equal amount of the liquid used to prefill the pipette.
  • the pressure on the absorbent material may be released without reabsorption of the liquid from the pipettes lower end by the expanding absorbent material.
  • the pipette may be removed from the material with the liquid pressed from the material by the compression hydraulically locked in the pipette.
  • perforated press rolls may be used which compress the paper web as the latter passes through the roll nip. If a felt or felts are used the action is on them as well.
  • perforated rolls having radial holes are described in this explanation, because the radial holes correspond to a series of pipettes, the same principles may be applied when the effect of the holes is provided by porous arrangements or other provisions are made for the passage of the liquid into the rolls surfaces.
  • the perforations or holes should be prefilled with liquid so that they are free from air as they approach the roll nip where the rolls apply compression to the web. In the nip the water pressed from the web displaces an equal amount of the liquid with which the perforations were prefilled.
  • the inner or exit ends of the perforations are sealed airtightly so as to put into effect the hydraulic lock principle explained above. Therefore, as the perforations leave the nip they hold the hydraulically locked liquid firmly against reabsorption by the expanding web and against being thrown out mechanically by the centrifugal force created by the rotation of the rolls. Once the perforations reach locations where the water they trapped can not reach the dewatered web, the sealing effect may be discontinued with the result that the water would then be centrifugally thrown or might gravitationally fall from the perforations.
  • the above principle may be applied in the case of any surface that is pervious to the water pressed from the material being dewatered.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a set of press rolls incorporating the described principles and showing a paper Web being dewatered when using felts;
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross section taken on the line 22 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing the two press rolls of the preceding two figures partly in cross section and partly in elevation;
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section taken on the line 4-4 in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 shows a press roll set incorporating a modification
  • FIG. 6 is a longitudinal vertical section taken on the line 66 in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 partly in cross section and partly in elevation shows a set of press rolls incorporating a second modification
  • FIG. 8 is a view partly in elevation and partly in longitudinal section taken on the line S-8 in FIG. 7', and
  • FIG. 9 shows a set of press rolls as an end view with one roll in cross section, and illustrates a third modification.
  • FIG. 1 a press roll frame 1 journaling identical rolls 2 between which run felts 3 guided by rollers 4.
  • the paper web W comes in from the upper portion over one of the felts 3 and then goes downwardly through the nip formed between the two rolls 2 to be thereafter guided horizontally by a roller 5.
  • the web W comes to the rolls 2 as a paper web impregnated or saturated with water which is to be removed to the greatest extent possible before the web W leaves the roll nip and goes around the roller 5. It is to be understood that the rolls 2 are pressed together by any conventional means (not shown) so that as the web W and the felts go through the nip of a the two rolls 2 they are compressed to a degree pressing or squeezing out a large amount of the water they contain.
  • each of the rolls 2 is formed with a circumferential series of circumferentially interspaced and axially extending recesses 6 each containing a porous metal insert 7 extending for the working length of each roll.
  • These inserts 7 may be made of any of the sintered metal porous materials such as are used for filtration and the like, but are preferably made from small steel or bronze balls which have been sintered together to provide a porous structure.
  • porous is meant that each of the inserts 7 may pass water or liquids relatively freely while at the same time providing a maze of very small passageways of a tortuous nature.
  • Each of the rolls 2 is in the form of a cylindrical shell providing axially extending passageways 3 along the bottom or inner ends of each of the recesses 6.
  • the ends of these passageways are open so water may flow from them at the roll ends beyond the paper web and the felts.
  • any one of the recesses 6 and axially extending passageways 8 there is no circumferential communication with respect to the adjacent elements of corresponding nature.
  • each of the inserts 7 is internally supported by a longitudinally perforated plate 9 which may be metal and strong and extends along the bottom of each insert 7, in each instance, between the insert and the passageway 8.
  • each cylindrical shell-like or sleeve roll 2 encircles an internal core or beam 10 having longitudinally extending seals 11 defining chambers or spaces on both sides of each beam or core 10 between it and the inside of the sleeves or shells in each instance.
  • Passages 12 provide for the introduction of hydraulic pressure to the chambers which face each other, as do the two rolls, so that the roll nip is formed by surfaces under uniform hydraulic pressure which therefore apply, because the sleeve members are defiectableto some extent, uniform pressure to the web W throughout the width of the latter.
  • One or both of the rolls 2 is powered to rotate so that the web W may pass through the nip formed by these rolls without being stressed so as to cause rupture.
  • the roll pressure is great enough to compress the web W and drive the pressed or squeezed-out water through the porous inserts 7 into the axially extending passageways 8 which then empty at the ends of the rolls.
  • the' felts 3 are used they too are subject to the roll pressure and the water in them is correspondingly squeezed out so as to pass through the inserts 7.
  • each of the inserts 7 are sealed off air-tightly and liquid-tightly by sealing means 14 at each end. Further, all of the voids within each insert 7 and the passageways 8 are prefilled with water while approaching the nip of the two rolls, by means of water-flooding nozzles 15. This flooding or prefilling with water should leave no air of any substantial amount within the porous inserts 7 or the passageways 8 or the holes of the perforated backup plate Q. Therefore, as the assemblies approach the roll nip there is the analogy to the prefilled or fully flooded pipette.
  • each of the rolls may be provided with stationary seals 16 which slidingly seal 05 the ends of the passageways 8 until just as each of the inserts begins to apply compressive pressure to the web W in the nip formed by the two rolls.
  • the web W In the nip between the two rolls the web W is compressed and the water is driven laterally from it at right angles to the travel of the web so as to displace water through the open ends of the passageways 8 which extend axially with respect to the rolls in each instance.
  • seals 17 are located stationarily so as to close the ends of the passageways 8 as the latters inserts 7 leave the roll nip so that the web W is trying to suck the water back from them.
  • These end seals 17, like the seals 16, are stationan'ly mounted so that the ends of the passageways 8 slide past them to permit free rotation of the rolls but so as to obtain the effect of sealing fluid-tightly the ends of the passageways 8 while passing these seals.
  • the web W is the material that must be dewatered.
  • the felts 3 which ride between the web W and the rolls are necessary to provide paper having a good finish and the action of water removal with respect to the felts is the same as if the web W went through the roll nip without using the felts.
  • the web or webs passing through the nip of the rolls is an absorbent material that is compressible so that water can be squeezed from it and which then tends to re-expand and reabsorb the water when the compression is removed. If the paper is to have only a smooth surface on one side, only one felt may be used, all of this depending upon the paper-making technique involved.
  • the passageways 8 may be unsealed as by leaving the circumferential ends of the seals 17. When this occurs, the hydraulic lock is broken and the water may be thrown out centrifugally or gravitationally.
  • each roll is provided with a nozzle 18 which seals against the ends of passageways 8 and which is supplied through inlets 19 with water under relatively high pressure and at an adequate flow rate so as to reversely flush out each of the inserts 7 as its passes the zone where the nozzles 18 are located.
  • the flushed water and any contamination contained by it may be caught by catch basins 20 from which the flushed-out material may be carried to a suitable waste location or for recovery of the cellulosic fibers representing the majority of the contamination.
  • seals 16, 17 and the water nozzles 18 are located at each of the ends of each of the rolls. This is necessary to achieve the functions required by this new process and apparatus of assuring that as the roll surfaces approach the roll nip their perforations or pervious surfaces or whatever arrangement is used for the radial passage of water therethrough, are completely filled with water.
  • the sealing arrangement must terminate as required to provide for the escape longitudinally with respect to the rolls of the water squeezed from the web or the felts or both in the roll nip.
  • the water prefilling should start to occur shortly before the seals 16 take effect so that there will be a water flow flushing out air that might be entrapped. It is desirable to remove all of the air so that the roll surface water passageways, of any kind used, approach the roll nip completely flooded with liquid.
  • the roll 21 is filled with water to assure that the holes retain their prefilled condition, there should be provision for the escape of water as required to make room for water pressed from the web being dewatered.
  • a sealing roll 26 which is journaled by a mounting 27 with the proper eccentricity relative to the roll 21 to accom' plish the just-stated purpose.
  • This roll '21 is separately journaled by means (not shown). With the inside end of each hole 22 sealed fluid-tightly as it leaves the roll nip, the water within this hole is hydraulically locked. When the hole is safely away from the web W the eccentricity of the sealing roll 26 relative to the roll 21 unseals the inner end of the holes 22.
  • each roll 28 has a circumferential series of axially extending bores 29 which open to one or both ends of the roll in each instance. These bores 29 connect with the surface of the roll 28 in each instance by way of two or more radially flaring holes or passageways 30. Prefilling nozzles '31 flood the holes 30 and the bores 29 with water during the approach to the roll nip. At each open end of the bores 29 check valves 32 are provided which permit outward flow but not inward fluid flow. These valves are of the spring-closed type and require some pressure to open, so they hold in the preferedd water.
  • the pervious rolls can receive what is in effect circumferentially separted water or liquid columns.
  • the pervious inserts of the first example form water columns extending for most of the lengths of the rolls, even though the columns are formed by the water or liquid throughout the interstices between the sintered metal particles.
  • the holes or perforations there is a multitude of separate water columns.
  • a passageway having an entrance facing the material from which the water or liquid is pressed, and an exit which can be sealed to trap and hydraulically lock the water or liquid in the column formed by the passageway.
  • any material having the physical charcteristics of paper such as the felts used during dewatering or other materials of a spongy nature, that is to say materials which are absorbent and can be compressed to squeeze out liquid in or absorbed by the material and which are elastic enough to spring back more or less after the compressing pressure is removed so as to tend to absorb or reabsorb liquid squeezed from the materials.
  • Apparatus for removing liquid from a traveling web of any material having the physical characteristics of paper and in which the liquid is absorbed said apparatus including a set of rotative press rolls of which at least one has a pervious surface with circumferentially separated liquid passageways having entrances at said surface and exits spaced therefrom, said rolls forming a nip through which said web passes and having means for applying roll pressure at said nip to press the liquid from said web and through said entrances at said nip, means for sealing said passageways exits as they leave said nip and for unsealing them when they arrive at said nip, and means for maintaining said passageways filled with liquid as they arrive at said nip.

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US424756A 1964-01-21 1965-01-11 Apparatus for dewatering paper Expired - Lifetime US3364103A (en)

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DEK0051895 1964-01-21

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SE (1) SE339615B (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3527668A (en) * 1965-10-29 1970-09-08 Kuesters Eduard Apparatus for the removal of water from cellulose webs and cleaning of the apparatus
EP0001072A1 (de) * 1977-09-03 1979-03-21 Bayer Ag Verfahren zum mechanischen Flüssigkeitsentzug aus Flächengebilden, die aus Polymeren bestehen
US4559106A (en) * 1983-05-12 1985-12-17 Valmet Oy Press roll and press in a paper making machine
US4675079A (en) * 1982-12-14 1987-06-23 Webster David R Multi-nip suction press with a four roller closed train
US4811659A (en) * 1988-01-25 1989-03-14 Powell Roger A Roller press for liquid/solid separation
US5107757A (en) * 1985-12-30 1992-04-28 Ebara Corporation Apparatus for dewatering waste material by capillary action
EP1445375A1 (de) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-11 Voith Paper Patent GmbH Entlüftete Hauptwalze für eine Pressanordnung in einer Papiermaschine

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4866826A (en) * 1987-12-22 1989-09-19 Makoto Koide Method of making squeezing roll and squeezing equipment

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3098788A (en) * 1961-04-18 1963-07-23 Beloit Iron Works Liquid removal means for rotatable perforated shells

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3098788A (en) * 1961-04-18 1963-07-23 Beloit Iron Works Liquid removal means for rotatable perforated shells

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3527668A (en) * 1965-10-29 1970-09-08 Kuesters Eduard Apparatus for the removal of water from cellulose webs and cleaning of the apparatus
EP0001072A1 (de) * 1977-09-03 1979-03-21 Bayer Ag Verfahren zum mechanischen Flüssigkeitsentzug aus Flächengebilden, die aus Polymeren bestehen
US4675079A (en) * 1982-12-14 1987-06-23 Webster David R Multi-nip suction press with a four roller closed train
US4559106A (en) * 1983-05-12 1985-12-17 Valmet Oy Press roll and press in a paper making machine
US5107757A (en) * 1985-12-30 1992-04-28 Ebara Corporation Apparatus for dewatering waste material by capillary action
US4811659A (en) * 1988-01-25 1989-03-14 Powell Roger A Roller press for liquid/solid separation
EP1445375A1 (de) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-11 Voith Paper Patent GmbH Entlüftete Hauptwalze für eine Pressanordnung in einer Papiermaschine

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Publication number Publication date
DE1461118A1 (de) 1969-01-16
FI46422B (de) 1972-11-30
FI46422C (fi) 1973-03-12
SE339615B (de) 1971-10-11
AT280032B (de) 1970-03-25

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