Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
  • C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
  • C08J3/22—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques
  • C08J3/226—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques using a polymer as a carrier
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C08K13/06—Pretreated ingredients and ingredients covered by the main groups C08K3/00 - C08K7/00
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
  • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
  • C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
  • C08J2323/06—Polyethene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
  • C08J2323/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
  • C08J2323/12—Polypropene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
  • C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2453/00—Characterised by the use of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2453/02—Characterised by the use of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers of vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes

Definitions

• the present invention generally relates to the areas of chemistry and polymer technology regarding to masterbatch for preparing plastic films with high ethylene permselectivity and the plastic films produced therefrom.
• Plastic films containing either natural or synthetic zeolites were disclosed to provide packaging materials for fresh produce. It was reported in several patents of invention that the films can keep the freshness of fresh produce packaged. Examples of the inventions are U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,814,364, 4,840,823 and 4,847,145. Furthermore, EP 1170327 A1 discloses the plastic articles, e.g., plastic films, containing organophillic zeolites dispersed in polymer matrix. Said plastic films can selectively adsorb volatile organic compounds, in particular ethylene. Nevertheless, the aforementioned inventions have disadvantages since adsorption capability of said films is limited by an amount of zeolite incorporated. Therefore, there is a disclosure of another prior invention in the publication of Thailand Patent Application No.
• the invention discloses packaging film containing 5%-30% by weight of fine zeolite particles selected from the group consisting of zeolite beta, ZSM-5 and silicalite.
• Said zeolite is dispersed in polymer blend in which one component is polymer having ethylene transmission rate higher than 36,000 cubic centimeters/square meters.day.
• Said film is obtained by conventional thermoplastic processing. Additionally, said film has ethylene transmission rate in the range of 36,000-90,000 cubic centimeters/square meters.day and can retard ripening process and extend shelf life of fruits and vegetable.
• ethylene selectivity of such films is not high enough for packing ethylene-sensitive produces.
• the present invention disclose formula of masterbatch for preparing plastic films with high ethylene permselectivity, i.e., high in both permeability and selectivity, and the plastic films produced therefrom.
• the films from this invention have high ethylene permselectivity and are thus suitable for ethylene-sensitive commodities.
• 6508860 B1 discloses the gas separation membrane containing zeolites, e.g., chabazite-type zeolites, modified by monofunctional organosilane compound that can react with silanol groups on the zeolite surface. With only one reacting group per molecule, said organosilane molecules will not block the pores and channels in the zeolite structure.
• Said organosilane compounds were 3-aminopropyldimethyl ethoxysilane (APDMS), 3-isocyanatopropyldimethylchlorosilane (ICDMS) and 3-aminopropyldiisopropyl ethoxysilane (APDIPS).
• this invention points out the benefit of surface modification of zeolite that can provide good particle dispersion, leading to improve gas selectivities, especially oxygen and carbon dioxide.
• disclosed fabrication method of said membrane is the conventional method, i.e., solution casting. Said method, however, is well known to those skilled in the art that is troublesome and time-consuming.
• U.S. Pat. No. 5891376 and Publication of Patent Application AU-B-83930/91 discloses an invention of controlled permeability film and process for producing said film wherein the film includes polyolefins and inert porous fillers including natural zeolite and natural zeolite of which surface is modified by silane coupling agent. Said film has reduced ratio of CO 2 permeability to O 2 permeability. Said silane coupling agents are selected from methyl-trichloro-silane and trichloro-octadecyl-silane to provide the reduced ratio of CO 2 permeability to O 2 permeability. Evidently, said coupling agents does not facilitate ethylene transports to enhance ethylene permeability which is an objective of this present invention.
• This disclosed invention aims to develop plastic film having zeolite of which surface was modified by chemicals with specific functional groups to provide good particle dispersion, good particle-polymer interfacial adhesion and, thus, improved ethylene permselectivity. Accordingly, the invention discloses masterbatch for preparing the plastic films with high ethylene permselectivity and the plastic films produced therefrom.
• the present invention involves with the development of masterbatch having zeolite of which surface is modified by silylation reaction for preparing plastic films with high ethylene permselectivity.
• This invention also discloses the formula of plastic films produced from said masterbatch and other polymer selected from polyolefins and polystyrene by conventional thermoplastic processing.
• Masterbatch from this invention comprises:
• the surface modification of zeolite is carried out by silylation reaction between reactive group of organosilane and surface silanol group of zeolite. Such reaction attaches functional group capable of forming ⁇ - ⁇ interaction onto the surface of zeolite. These groups can facilitate ethylene transports by ⁇ - ⁇ interaction, providing enhanced ethylene permselectivity of the films. Additionally, the surface modification of zeolite leads to the better particle-polymer interaction and, thus, the better particle dispersion.
• the plastic films produced from said masterbatch therefore, have significantly high ethylene permselectivity, and higher ethylene permselectivity than film both without zeolite and with unmodified zeolite. Said film is suitable to use as packaging film for retarding ripening process and extending shelf life of fresh produces, especially ethylene-sensitive commodities.
• This invention discloses formula of zeolite/polymer mixture in the form of masterbatch for preparing plastic film having high ethylene permselectivity.
• Said masterbatch comprises zeolite of which surface was modified by organosilane with specific functional group detailed thereafter.
• This invention also discloses formula of plastic packaging film produced from said masterbatch and other polymers selected from polyolefins and polystyrene.
• a masterbatch for preparing plastic film comprises:
• Zeolites in this invention are zeolite with BEA framework, i.e., zeolite beta; zeolite with MFI framework, e.g., ZSM-5 and silicalite; and zeolite CaA with LTA framework.
• Said zeolites are suitable for adsorbing ethylene gas as their structural pores and channels are comparatively larger than kinetic diameter of ethylene molecule, ca. 0.39 nanometers.
• Said zeolites must selected from those having ethylene adsorbing capacity higher than 60 milliliters/1 gram of zeolite, and average particle size (D 50 ) of 0.25-1 micrometers.
• An amount of zeolite of which surface modified by silylation reaction of said organosilane in said masterbatch is in the range of 30%-70% by total solid weight.
• the surface modification by silylation reaction undergoes by reaction of surface silanol group of zeolite and alkoxy, i.e., methoxy, ethoxy or chloro, functional groups of organosilane.
• alkoxy i.e., methoxy, ethoxy or chloro
• functional groups of organosilane Such reaction is well known to those skilled in the art that can modify surface of particles having surface-hydroxyl groups. Nevertheless, said organosilane should be selected from those having monofunctional or trifunctional reacting groups.
• organosilicone compounds, including said organosilanes are typically water sensitive, thus the silylation reaction disclosed in this invention provides a good yield if the reaction is performed in anhydrous condition, e.g., using highly dehydrated solvents.
• Solvent using in this invention is selected from toluene, hexane and chloroform, preferably toluene.
• Composition of zeolite in the silylation reaction of this invention is 5%-30% by weight of zeolite by solvent volume and concentration of said organosilane is 0.1-10 millimoles/1 gram of zeolite, preferably 0.5-5 millimoles/1 gram of zeolite.
• Catalyst, i.e., triethylamine, with ratio to mole of organosilane of 0.1-1, preferably 0.5-1, should be added in the reaction.
• the reaction must be performed at constant temperature ranging of room temperature to 120 degree Celsius, preferably 80-120 degree Celsius, for 6-24 hours, preferably 6-12 hours.
• Polymer which is selected as a matrix of the zeolite in said masterbatch is styrene-b-(ethylene-ran-butylene)-b-styrene block copolymer having styrene to ethylene-ran-butylene content of 12:88 to 14:86.
• the selected copolymer has very high ethylene permeability, ca. 150,000 cubic centimeters/square meters.day and can be mixed and fabricated using general procedure for production of the film articles.
• the zeolite/polymer mixture in the form of masterbatch in this invention can be prepared by firstly mechanical mixing of dry components and then mixing in the molten state using the methods that is well known to those skilled in the art, for examples, internal mixer and twin screw extruder. Thereafter, the mixture should be crushed or cut into small pallet in 2.5 ⁇ 4 millimeter size.
• the obtained materbatch consists of the zeolite of which surface is modified by the aforementioned silylation reaction in an amount of 30%-70% by total weight.
• Said masterbatch is used for preparing plastic film by compounding with the second polymer selected from polyolefins and polystyrene.
• Said polyolefins is selected from the group of polyethylene and polypropylene.
• An amount of said masterbatch mixed with said second polymer disclosed in this invention is in the range of 3.5%-90% of total weight.
• additives e.g., anti-blocking agent and anti-fogging agent, may be added in an amount of 0.02%-5% of total weight.
• Plastic film can be prepared from said materbatch and said second polymer by firstly mechanical mixing of dry components and then mixing and fabrication in the molten state using the method that is well known to those skilled in the art, for examples, compression molding, cast film extrusion and blown film extrusion.
• the obtained plastic film has a thickness of 30-50 micrometers.
• the plastic film disclosed in this invention contains uniformly dispersed zeolite of which surface was modified by said silylation reaction, and have very high ethylene selectivity (ethylene to oxygen permeability is 6.5-8.3 depending on polymer used), and, moreover, higher ethylene selectivity than film both without zeolite and with unmodified zeolite about 20%-70%.
• ethylene transmission rate of the disclosed invention is higher than those films by 8%-60%. While, oxygen transmission rate and carbon dioxide transmission rate of said film is in the range of 6,000-20,000 cubic centimeters/square meters.day and 18,000-90,000 cubic centimeters/square meters.day, respectively, which is suitable in an application of fresh produce packaging.
• the film disclosed in this invention can be used in any industrial applications due to its good mechanical property and thermal sealability. Additionally, said film can be used as layer(s) on other films or porous sheets, e.g., paper and board, non-woven sheets and micro-porous sheet.
• Masterbatch of the phenyl modified zeolite in styrene-b-(ethylene-ran-butylene)-b-styrene copolymers with styrene content of 13% can be prepared in the following steps.
• Zeolite modification was carried out as follows: zeolite was dried at 100 degree Celsius under vacuum for 8 hours and then cooled to ambient temperature under vacuum. After that the solvent, toluene, was added under nitrogen atmosphere to achieve final zeolite composition of 20% w/v. The suspension of zeolite in toluene was continuously stirred until homogeneous suspension was obtained.
• phenyltriethoxysilane of 1 millimole/1 gram of zeolite and triethylamine with ratio of triethylamine: phenyltriethoxysilane of 1:1 by mole were added under nitrogen atmosphere.
• the mixture was heated to 120 degree Celsius and held at this temperature for 8 hours.
• the obtained suspended particles was filtered and rinsed with solvent prior to dry under vacuum at 100 degree Celsius for 24 hours.
• Masterbatch was prepared by mixing the phenyl modified zeolite with the copolymer using internal mixer at 200 degree Celsius for 10 minutes. The final composition of modified zeolite was 30% of total weight. The mixture was crushed into small pellets. Only the pellets that cannot filtered through 2 ⁇ 2 millimeter sieve were used in further steps.
• LDPE low density polyethylene
• ASTM D1505 melt flow index of 5.5 grams/10 minutes
• the masterbatch:plastic resin ratio is 33:67, thus composition of phenyl modified zeolite beta is 10% of total weight.
• the dry mixed compound was then fabricated by blown film extrusion process using single screw extruder with set temperature of 160-190 degree Celsius and speed of 50 rpm.
• the film obtained had a thickness of 30 ⁇ 5 micrometers. Moreover, the film had an acceptable mechanical property, quite clear and easy to open.
• Ethylene, oxygen and carbon dioxide transmission rates of the film are shown in Table 1.
• the results of the film containing unmodified zeolite beta and alkyl modified zeolite beta are also shown in the table as a comparison.
• Plastic film containing phenyl modified zeolite beta according to this invention has both ethylene transmission rate and ethylene selectivity higher than those of the film containing unmodified zeolite and the film containing octyl modified zeolite.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-07-22 EP EP11760880.2A patent/EP2601246B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2011-07-22 US US13/813,382 patent/US8697777B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2011-07-22 JP JP2013523124A patent/JP5914477B2/ja active Active
  • 2011-07-22 WO PCT/TH2011/000028 patent/WO2012026893A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2011-07-22 ES ES11760880.2T patent/ES2627613T3/es active Active
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