WO1994012013A1 - Procede et dispositif pour le sechage de fourrage vert - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour le sechage de fourrage vert Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994012013A1
WO1994012013A1 PCT/AT1993/000177 AT9300177W WO9412013A1 WO 1994012013 A1 WO1994012013 A1 WO 1994012013A1 AT 9300177 W AT9300177 W AT 9300177W WO 9412013 A1 WO9412013 A1 WO 9412013A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
air
green fodder
blower
predetermined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AT1993/000177
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sebastian Stabler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1994012013A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994012013A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
    • A01F25/04—Stacks, ricks or the like
    • A01F25/08—Ventilating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/30—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for drying green fodder for animals, such as grasses, clover, oilseed rape, etc., air being blown into the green fodder stored under the roof after its introduction by means of a blower for a predetermined time, in particular several hours, as pre-aeration and then the temperature of the green fodder and the humidity of the air sucked in by the fan are measured and compared with predetermined / certain limit values in an electrical circuit for controlling the fan operation. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for performing such a method.
  • a method of the type described is known from AT-PS 394 268. It has the advantage that the valuable nutrients contained in the green fodder, for example proteins and protein, are retained and that the controlled ventilation of the green fodder avoids degradation losses which can occur due to bacterial activity at elevated temperatures.
  • the object of the invention is to further improve such a method, in particular with regard to the adaptation to different weather conditions in the environment in which the storage containing the green fodder is located.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that it is not only the temperature in the green fodder itself that is important for the preservation of the valuable components of the green fodder, but also the temperature of the air blown into the green fodder and further consideration of the air humidity .
  • the method according to the invention consists in that an initial ventilation depending on the humidity of the air drawn in by the blower is carried out and that after the initial ventilation the temperature of the air supplied to the green fodder is also measured and that the air is also blown into the green fodder depending on the difference in the temperature of the green fodder and the air blown into it is controlled in such a way that the blowing in of air is interrupted as soon as the temperature difference mentioned within a predetermined interval, for example 3 ° C., for a predetermined time, for example 1 , 5 hours remains. Compliance with the temperature interval mentioned for a long time indicates that the green fodder has already reached a sufficient degree of drying, so that temporarily no further ventilation is necessary.
  • the air is blown in at intervals, for example every 2.5 hours for 15 minutes. This also saves energy. Damage to the green fodder through low temperature is in the context of the invention, avoided by the injection of air is interrupted in the green fodder, when the temperature of Grü ⁇ futters falls below a predetermined value, for example 24 ° C j.
  • the procedure is such that when a predetermined limit value of the air humidity (e.g. 65% for green fodder) is exceeded, the initial ventilation is only carried out if the temperature of the green fodder exceeds the predetermined temperature value. If the air humidity exceeds the predetermined limit value, effective drying of the green fodder is no longer possible since the air to be blown into the green fodder is too moist. It must then be waited for the air humidity in the area around the green fodder store to drop, but the temperature in the green fodder must not become too high. If this temperature exceeds the predetermined limit value, the green fodder must be ventilated in order to remove the heat from the green fodder, without the green fodder drying, however.
  • a predetermined limit value of the air humidity e.g. 65% for green fodder
  • the procedure is such that when the air humidity falls below a predetermined limit (for example 65%), the initial ventilation is carried out, preferably at intervals, until the temperature difference mentioned remains within the predetermined temperature interval and or or the air humidity rises again above the predetermined limit.
  • a predetermined limit for example 65%
  • the values mentioned for the temperature of the green fodder for interval ventilation and for the air humidity apply to common types of green fodder; in special cases, other values can be selected.
  • the device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention is based on a system with a storage for the green fodder provided with a roof, a blower for ventilation, the same, a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the green fodder and a moisture sensor for measuring the air humidity of the air drawn in by the blower and with an electrical control circuit which switches the blower on or off depending on the measured temperature and air humidity values.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in that there is at least one further temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the air blown in by the fan and in that the control circuit has a circuit for forming a difference value between this temperature and the temperature of the green fodder.
  • a temperature sensor is preferably also provided for measuring the temperature of the air to be sucked in by the blower, so that the blower does not have to be used unnecessarily at a high outside temperature, particularly in the evening.
  • the invention makes it possible to provide more than one store for the green fodder, each store having at least one temperature sensor for the green fodder in it and this store to a distribution device for the air conveyed by the blower connected to the pressure port of the common blower are connected.
  • a single blower is therefore sufficient for two or more stores, since the stores are generally only supplied with air from the blower at intervals.
  • the distribution device preferably has a flap which is pivotably mounted in a distribution housing and is actuated by a drive, for example a servomotor, which is fed accordingly by the control circuit.
  • Fig.l shows the principle of the system
  • Fig.2 shows a system with two feeding sticks in plan view, partially cut away
  • Fig.3 shows in detail the attachment of the blower to a system with two stores.
  • a storage 1 formed by a container is provided for the accommodation of harvested green fodder, which is designed as a conventional fodder stick and is covered by a roof 2.
  • the store 1 has a grate 4 on which the green fodder, not shown, rests.
  • the pressure port of a blower 5 opens, so that the green fodder can be ventilated from below through the grate 4.
  • the fan 5 is switched on or off by an electronic control circuit 6 via a line 7.
  • This line 7 is advantageously designed as a special cable with a rubber jacket and designed for extremely heavy loads, so that the line 7 can be run over by a vehicle without damage.
  • This line 7 is expediently also conspicuously designed with a signal color (for example orange).
  • a star-delta automatic start-up 8 is also switched on in line 7.
  • the motor of the blower 5 is controlled by the control circuit 6 as a function of the temperature of the fodder in the store 1, further as a function of the temperature of the air blown into the store 1 by the blower and finally as a function of the humidity value of the blower 5 sucked in air surrounding the memory 1.
  • a temperature sensor 9 is provided, which is designed as a lance that can be inserted into the green fodder and is provided with a handle 10 to facilitate handling.
  • the storage 1 has in its side wall 11 an opening suitable for this lance.
  • the temperature sensor 9 is connected via a measuring line 12 to a measuring transducer located in the control circuit 6.
  • the measurement of the air blown into the memory 1 by the blower 5 is carried out by means of a further temperature sensor 13, which is arranged at the outlet of the blower 5, for example in the space formed between the bottom 3 and the grate 4, and to the transmitter of the control circuit 6 a further measuring line 14 is connected.
  • the measurement of the atmospheric humidity of the ambient air sucked in by the blower 5 is carried out by means of a moisture sensor 15, for example a conventional hygrostat, which is arranged in the vicinity of the intake manifold of the blower 5 but outside the accumulator 1 and connected to the control circuit 6 via a line 16 is. Furthermore, a further temperature sensor 17 can be provided for measuring the temperature of the air surrounding the memory 1, which temperature sensor is connected via a measuring line 18 to the transducer of the control circuit 6.
  • a preliminary ventilation takes place for a predetermined time, e.g. some hours.
  • the control circuit 6 does not perform a control function on the blower 5, which thus continuously blows air into the memory 1 during the pre-ventilation.
  • the control circuit 6 switches on automatically and measures the temperature both in the storage 1 forming a forage stock, that is to say the temperature of the green fodder therein by means of the temperature sensor 9, and the temperature of the ambient air by means of the temperature sensor 17 A continuous measurement of the humidity of the ambient air by means of the humidity sensor 15.
  • the ventilation is now controlled as follows: If the humidity of the ambient air is below a predetermined limit value, for example 65%, the green is initially ventilated feed by means of the blower 5 for a predetermined starting time, for example five days. However, this ventilation takes place at intervals, approximately every 2.5 hours for 15 minutes each.
  • the control circuit 6 switches off the initial ventilation by means of the blower 5, since a sensible drying of the green fodder in the store 1 in the case of high air humidity in the ambient air (for example in rainy weather) is not possible in a targeted manner is. Avoiding unnecessary blower operation saves energy. If the air humidity drops again below the predetermined limit value, the interval operation of the blower 5 is switched on again.
  • the temperature of the green fodder in the store 1 is always monitored, even when the fan 5 is switched off. If this temperature exceeds a predetermined limit, e.g. 30 ° C, so that thermal damage to the valuable nutrients of the feed is to be feared, then the fan 5 is switched on, even if the air humidity is high on the outside. In this case, the air blown into the storage 1 by the blower 5 is not used to dry the green fodder, but to dissipate the heat generated in the green fodder 1.
  • This blower operation which may also be carried out at intervals, only takes place until the cooling of the feed in the store 1 has progressed to such an extent that a lower limit of the temperature, e.g. 24 ° C, is reached in the feed.
  • the fan then remains switched off, provided the outside air humidity is above the predetermined limit. If the temperature in the feed rises again above the predetermined higher limit value (e.g. 30 ° C), then the blower is operated again until the lower temperature limit value is reached, etc
  • This operation is maintained until, by measuring the temperature of the feed by means of the temperature sensor 9 and the temperature of the air blown in by the blower 5 by means of the temperature sensor 13, there is no longer a large difference between these two temperatures, and for a longer period of time , e.g. 1.5 hours.
  • This temperature interval is predetermined; it can be assumed to be around 3 to 5 ° C for common green fodder.
  • the control circuit 6 In order to determine this temperature interval, the control circuit 6 a suitable circuit 26. If the temperature difference mentioned lies within this interval, this is an indication that the green fodder in the store 1 has reached a sufficient degree of drying, so that temporarily no further ventilation is necessary. However, this degree of dryness can change, for example due to a change in the atmospheric humidity of the environment (rainy weather) or through subsequent filling of the store 1 with a further quantity of green fodder.
  • the ventilation of the feed is switched off. However, the measurement of the temperatures mentioned is carried out continuously by the control circuit 6. As long as the temperature difference mentioned remains in the predetermined temperature interval, no ventilation needs to be carried out. However, if the predetermined temperature interval is exceeded, interval ventilation is again carried out - as described at the beginning - until the temperature in the store 1 has stabilized again, i.e. the predetermined temperature interval is maintained again.
  • control circuit 6 If a lower air humidity occurs again, the control circuit 6 returns to normal operation, i.e. at certain intervals the temperature difference between the two sensors 9, 13 is measured and, depending on this, the feed is aerated or not.
  • the control circuit 6 expediently has a display on which the respective temperature values or the respective operating state of the system can be seen. This enables visual control.
  • An alarm device monitors the function of all measuring points and their connections, including the blower 5.
  • the blower can be switched off via the control circuit 6 ′′ in order not to have to ventilate unnecessarily when the outside temperature is warm.
  • the system has two stores 1 which are arranged next to one another.
  • Each store 1 is essentially constructed as shown in Fig.l, but both stores 1 are supplied with air by a common fan 5 and alternately.
  • a distribution device 19 is connected to the pressure nozzle of the blower 5, which has a distributor housing 20 which is connected to the interior of the two stores 1, expediently with the cavity located below the respective grate 4.
  • the fan 5 is therefore arranged outside the two stores 1.
  • a flap 21 is pivotally mounted in the distributor housing 20 about a vertical axis 22.
  • a servomotor 23 is provided, which is provided by the control circuit 6 with electrical energy is supplied when the flap 21 is to be changed over.
  • Such a system is not limited to the operation of the same types of green fodder; rather, different types of crops or quantities of fodder introduced at different times can be stored in the two stores 1.
  • the drying and monitoring operation mentioned at the outset can be easily extended to two or, if appropriate, also more memories 1.
  • the respective operating states can again be seen on the display 25 of the control circuit 6.
  • the blower 5 can be detachably connected to the distributor housing 20 in order to facilitate the cleaning of the distributor device 19 and, if appropriate, also of the blower 5.
  • the distributor housing 20 has fastening devices 28 on its wall facing the blower 5 next to the blowing opening 27, which cooperate with analog fastening devices 28 ′ of the housing of the blower 5.
  • the fastening devices 28 can be formed by slots into which hooks 28 'can be hung.
  • the housing of the fan 5 has a lateral suction opening 29 which is covered by a grille.
  • the direction of the sucked-in air is indicated by an arrow 30, the pivoting direction of the flap 21 by a double arrow 31.
  • the direction of flow of the air conveyed into the blowing opening 27 by the fan 5 is illustrated by arrows 32.
  • the memory can be large, e.g. as a silo.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)

Abstract

Un procédé pour le séchage de fourrage vert agricole prévoit un préaérage, au moyen d'une soufflante (5), du fourrage vert stocké sous abri (2) après qu'il ait été emmagasiné. Ensuite il y a tout d'abord un aérage initial, la température du fourrage ensilé (1) étant mesurée au moyen d'une sonde (9). De plus, une autre sonde (13) mesure la température de l'air introduit par la soufflante (5). Une unité de commande (6) détermine au moyen d'un circuit spécialisé (26) la valeur différentielle de ces deux températures et commande en fonction d'elle, comme en fonction de l'humidité de l'air mesurée au moyen d'un hygromètre (15), le fonctionnement de la soufflante (5). On obtient ainsi un séchage soigneux du fourrage vert qui permet de conserver toutes les substances nutritives.
PCT/AT1993/000177 1992-11-20 1993-11-18 Procede et dispositif pour le sechage de fourrage vert Ceased WO1994012013A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT231692 1992-11-20
ATA2316/92 1992-11-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994012013A1 true WO1994012013A1 (fr) 1994-06-09

Family

ID=3532113

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT1993/000177 Ceased WO1994012013A1 (fr) 1992-11-20 1993-11-18 Procede et dispositif pour le sechage de fourrage vert

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1994012013A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU741613B2 (en) * 1997-09-10 2001-12-06 All-Systems Electronics Pty Limited Automatic fan controller using the differential principle
FR2824757A1 (fr) * 2001-05-21 2002-11-22 Oddeis Procede de traitement de produits par de l'air, dispositif de traitement de produits et produits ainsi traites
FR2827472A1 (fr) * 2001-07-17 2003-01-24 Oddeis Ensemble d'alimentation pour le betail

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB200888A (en) * 1922-04-18 1923-07-18 Alexander Boyd Improvements in and relating to the drying and cooling of hay and other crops in the stack
US2935009A (en) * 1958-08-04 1960-05-03 Honeywell Regulator Co Humidity control means for controlling the flow of outside air through a crop storage building
FR2309814A1 (fr) * 1975-04-30 1976-11-26 Aebi & Co Ag Procede de sechage de foin, dispositif relatif a l'application de ce procede et utilisation de ce procede
US4175418A (en) * 1978-05-08 1979-11-27 S. L. Steffen Temperature monitoring and temperature differential control device
WO1987005685A1 (fr) * 1986-03-21 1987-09-24 Sentry Technologies, Inc. Procede et dispositif d'aeration de cereales ensilees
EP0429947A1 (fr) * 1989-11-24 1991-06-05 Panteley Dr. Kisseloff Procédé de régulation pour le séchage du bois

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB200888A (en) * 1922-04-18 1923-07-18 Alexander Boyd Improvements in and relating to the drying and cooling of hay and other crops in the stack
US2935009A (en) * 1958-08-04 1960-05-03 Honeywell Regulator Co Humidity control means for controlling the flow of outside air through a crop storage building
FR2309814A1 (fr) * 1975-04-30 1976-11-26 Aebi & Co Ag Procede de sechage de foin, dispositif relatif a l'application de ce procede et utilisation de ce procede
US4175418A (en) * 1978-05-08 1979-11-27 S. L. Steffen Temperature monitoring and temperature differential control device
WO1987005685A1 (fr) * 1986-03-21 1987-09-24 Sentry Technologies, Inc. Procede et dispositif d'aeration de cereales ensilees
EP0429947A1 (fr) * 1989-11-24 1991-06-05 Panteley Dr. Kisseloff Procédé de régulation pour le séchage du bois

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU741613B2 (en) * 1997-09-10 2001-12-06 All-Systems Electronics Pty Limited Automatic fan controller using the differential principle
FR2824757A1 (fr) * 2001-05-21 2002-11-22 Oddeis Procede de traitement de produits par de l'air, dispositif de traitement de produits et produits ainsi traites
WO2002095312A1 (fr) * 2001-05-21 2002-11-28 Oddeis S.A. Procede de traitement de produits par de l'air, dispositif de traitement de produits et produits ainsi traites
US7024799B2 (en) 2001-05-21 2006-04-11 Oddeis S.A. Method for treating products with air, a product treatment device and the products thus treated
FR2827472A1 (fr) * 2001-07-17 2003-01-24 Oddeis Ensemble d'alimentation pour le betail
WO2003014643A1 (fr) * 2001-07-17 2003-02-20 Oddeis S.A. Ensemble d'alimentation pour le betail

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