WO2002070125A1 - Materiaux absorbants - Google Patents

Materiaux absorbants Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002070125A1
WO2002070125A1 PCT/GB2002/000913 GB0200913W WO02070125A1 WO 2002070125 A1 WO2002070125 A1 WO 2002070125A1 GB 0200913 W GB0200913 W GB 0200913W WO 02070125 A1 WO02070125 A1 WO 02070125A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
super absorbent
coating
absorbent
impervious coating
paper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2002/000913
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English (en)
Inventor
Jason Kenneth Holt
Adrian Jeremy Parker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FLUID TECHNOLOGIES PLC
Original Assignee
FLUID TECHNOLOGIES PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB0105358.6A external-priority patent/GB0105358D0/en
Application filed by FLUID TECHNOLOGIES PLC filed Critical FLUID TECHNOLOGIES PLC
Publication of WO2002070125A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002070125A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/22—Agents rendering paper porous, absorbent or bulky
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A61L15/60—Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/50—Aspects relating to the use of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/68—Superabsorbents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/50—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by form
    • D21H21/52—Additives of definite length or shape
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/005—Mechanical treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/04—Physical treatment, e.g. heating, irradiating
    • D21H25/06—Physical treatment, e.g. heating, irradiating of impregnated or coated paper

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns novel super absorbent powders having impervious coatings, absorbent materials made using same, and methods of manufacture of same.
  • Air-laid paper manufacturing processes are nowadays very popular.
  • paper fibres are firstly produced in e.g. rolls by a wet process, dried and stored.
  • the products are then pulverised in a hammer mill to release short fibres which, using an air transportation process, are laid onto a web.
  • Other materials such as latex or bonding agents, are then added to the fibres on the web as desired, and the fibres then heat treated to produce the final product.
  • Super absorbent polymers can be incorporated in such a manufacturing process, typically without too much swelling. However, swelling can occur when other aqueous substances are added to the air laid fibres.
  • particulate super absorbent polymers are not well distributed within the paper and can often escape during the manufacturing process, or can protrude (more so than in products of wet-laid processes of the present invention) from the surface of the finished product.
  • the air-laid products are typically more expensive to produce than wet-laid products of the present invention and the best way to achieve a uniform distribution of super absorbent polymers in them appears to be the use of fibres of super absorbent polymer, which in itself is expensive.
  • the present invention allows the incorporation of super absorbent polymers into the products of wet-laid processes, thus providing great advantage over processes which require the use of an air-laid manufacturing step.
  • the super absorbent polymers of the present invention can also be used in air-laid manufacturing processes.
  • US 5795439 discloses a process for the manufacture of a non-woven, wet-laid, superabsorbent polymer-impregnated structure, the process requiring the liquid used in it to be treated with a means for inhibiting the swelling of the superabsorbent polymer.
  • the means used is in fact reduced temperature and salt.
  • the efficacy of this would appear, however, to be somewhat limited and dependent upon the absorbent capabilities of the superabsorbent polymer - the more absorbent the polymer, the less use the process of US 5795439.
  • super absorbent polymer can be mixed with a 5% saline solution at 10 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes or an hour or longer before forming a final wet-laid product. This contrasts significantly with US 6019871 which requires a mixing time of not more than 5 or 10 seconds.
  • US 6019871 discloses a wet foam process for making non-woven webs from cellulose or synthetic fibres, which webs have as a component a super absorbent polymer. Swelling of the super absorbent polymer is inhibited by use of a dissolvable protective coating, subzero temperatures and salt. Once mixed with a fibre-containing slurry forming of the final fibrous web, i.e. removal of water and foam, is started within ten seconds, preferably within five seconds. This is obviously a complex process and the need for rapid removal of water and foam places severe limitations upon the overall process and the products made.
  • non-woven materials are making woven materials using threads of super absorbent polymers.
  • threads are extremely expensive, the resulting absorbent materials typically having a cost per unit weight at least four times that of wet- laid products, for example US$ 12/kg as compared to US$ 2/kg. As such it is extremely desirable to avoid their use.
  • the present invention overcomes the prior art disadvantages, and according to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a super absorbent polymer coated with a substantially impervious coating.
  • substantially impervious is meant that the coating is impervious to, or substantially inhibits the contacting of the super absorbent polymer by, a chosen solvent, for example water.
  • a particle of super absorbent polymer having a water-impervious coating may take at least 30 minutes, for example at least 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10 hours, to absorb the quantity of water that a similar non-coated particle of the super absorbent polymer would absorb in 30 seconds.
  • the rate of absorption or a solvent by a particle of the super absorbent polymer having an impervious coating may be slowed as compared to the rate of absorption by a similar uncoated particle by at least 10 times, for example at least 25, 50, 75, 100, 250, 500 or 1000 times.
  • Impervious coatings are made from materials such as parylenes (e.g. parylene C), ethyl cellulose and waxes and are typically polymeric substances which form a conformal, substantially "pinhole-free" coating.
  • Materials particularly useful as impervious coatings include acrylics, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate phthalate, casemates, chlorinated rubber, latex, dextrins, ethylene vinyl acetate, gelatin, hydrocarbon resins, methyl cellulose, microcrystalline wax, paraffin wax, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate-alcohol-chloride, shellac, silicone, surfactants and waxes.
  • the material comprising the impervious coating may be highly insoluble, typically to all intents and purposes insoluble, in a chosen solvent absorbable by the super absorbent polymer and used in any subsequent method of making an absorbent material comprising the coated super absorbent polymer.
  • a solvent is usually water, although of course different manufacturing processes may require the use of different solvents.
  • other solvents may include methanol, ethanol, other low alkyl alcohols, and combinations thereof.
  • the impervious coating is readily degradable by means which will not impair the absorbency of the super-absorbent polymer.
  • the impervious coating may be degradable by mechanical damage such as crushing or heating.
  • the degradation method used will be dependent upon the physical characteristics of both the super absorbent polymer any other materials with which it is mixed such as fibres, and upon the physical characteristics of the material used to form the impervious coating.
  • some materials used to form the impervious layer may not undergo thermal degradation until temperatures are reached which would cause degradation to the superabsorbent polymer or e.g. fibres.
  • Degradation is also readily achieved by the use of ultrasonic sound - a beam of ultrasonic sound can be directed at the material so as to effect degradation of the impervious coating of the super absorbent polymer.
  • the beam can be focussed to effect this degradation.
  • the sound pressure level (SPL) of the acoustic beam need be sufficient such that the impervious coating is degraded sufficiently to make it permeable.
  • it may be performed so as to define an area, or zone, of super absorbent polymer having a degraded impervious coating contained within, contacting or adjoining, an area of superabsorbent polymer having a non-degraded impervious coating.
  • any chosen material for use in forming the impervious coating is readily determined firstly according to its physical characteristics, for example its solubility in the chosen solvent (above) such as water.
  • a test batch of super absorbent polymer coated with the chosen material can then be prepared and the degradability of the impervious coating determined under chosen conditions, and thus the suitability of the chosen material for use as an impervious coating determined.
  • This is an extremely simple and easy testing process and can thus be applied with minimal effort, readily allowing the testing of large numbers of materials in order to determine which of them is most suited for use in the present invention.
  • Parylene Coating Services, Inc. (Texas, USA) provide a commercial parylene coating service, and produce a commercial parylene coating machine - the PCS 2530CM. Parylene coating is also well known in the art from e.g. US 4508760, US 6119895.
  • parylene is also extremely advantageous insofar as when it is exposed to moisture it generates peroxides and ozone in quantities which are non-toxic to humans but which bactericidal.
  • the super absorbent polymer may be in particulate form, e.g. a powder.
  • the manufacturing methods of the present invention result in the degradation of the impervious coating to render it permeable, but only after phases of the manufacturing process involving the use of solvent absorbable by the super absorbent polymer have been completed.
  • an absorbent material including a super absorbent polymer coated with a substantially impervious coating.
  • This product is novel and is a useful intermediate, suitable for storage for prolonged periods with reduced sensitivity to e.g. moisture or humidity as compared to other prior art products incorporating super absorbent polymers.
  • the impervious coating can be degraded to expose the super absorbent polymer, thereby providing the full absorbent properties of the superabsorbent material.
  • an absorbent material including a super absorbent polymer coated with a substantially impervious coating which has been degraded to render it permeable.
  • a method for making an absorbent material comprising incorporating in a material super absorbent polymer which has been coated with a substantially impervious coating.
  • the impervious coating may be treated to degrade it and render it permeable.
  • the absorbent material may be made by a wet process.
  • the absorbent material may be a wet laid web, for example a paper or board or other fibrous web or felt like structure.
  • Other types of absorbent material which may be produced include air-laids, non-wovens, C-folded (air-laid paper, non-woven, films, and wet-laid paper), corrugated, plastic, poly foam or spray-coated solutions including latex, glue and guar gum.
  • the absorbent material may comprise fibres.
  • Fibres refer to any natural or synthetic fibre in either filament or staple form.
  • the fibre is used to form the web structure. Any natural fibre or synthetic fibre or blends of both may be used.
  • Exemplary fibres include polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic, acrylonitrile, nylon, polyurethane, rayon, tetrafluoroethylene, styrene-butadiene rubber, rubber, triacetates, polyamides, polyvinylidene chlorides, polyvinyl chloride, polybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate, cellulose, wood pulp fibre, and the like.
  • the staple may be any length, but the greater the length, the greater the strength of the preform structure and therefore better handling from deliquification through drying. Staple is usually available in lengths of 0.25 to 5 cm. The most preferred lengths are from 0.5 to 1.25 cm.
  • the denier per filament (dpf) is not critical. Preferably, a combination of polyester staple (1.5 dpf x 1.25 cm) and cellulose acetate (1.8 dpf x 0.6 cm) is used.
  • the impervious coating may be crushed to degrade it and render it permeable. In particular, this crushing may take place in or after a drying stage of a wet process.
  • the degradation of the impervious coating may be effected when the absorbent material is in a substantially dry form.
  • the super absorbent polymer having the non-degraded substantially impervious coating may be manufactured, stored, transported and manufactured into an end-product, and during the manufacturing of the end-product the substantially impervious coating may be degraded (for example by crushing), for example to define an area of absorbency within a larger area of material which is less absorbent.
  • the actual degradation step need not form part of the initial manufacturing process.
  • Super absorbent polymers are water insoluble, but water swellable, materials which are capable of absorbing many times their own weight of an aqueous solution.
  • Examples of super absorbent polymers are members of three classes, namely, starch graft copolymers, cross-linked carboxymethylcellulose derivatives, and modified hydrophilic polyacrylates.
  • absorbent polymers examples include hydrolyzed starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer, a neutralized starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, a saponified acrylic acid ester-vinyl acetate copolymer, a hydrolyzed acrylonitrile copolymer or acrylamide copolymer, a modified cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol, a neutralized self-crosslinking polyacrylic acid, a cross-linked polyacrylate salt, carboxylated cellulose, and a neutralized cross-linked isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer.
  • the superabsorbent polymer may be surface cross-linked.
  • the invention extends to the use of super absorbent polymers which do not fall within these example classes.
  • Commercially available super absorbent polymers useable in the present invention include e.g. the Aqua Keep (RTM) range of products from Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan).
  • the super absorbent polymer has a low surface area to volume ration for a given particle size in order that the quantity of coating material (which is typically quite costly) can be minimised.
  • Other useful polymers are polyacrylates such as sodium polyacrylate formed from the copolymerisation of sodium, potassium and/or magnesium salts with the methyl ester of acrylic acid. Methyl methacrylate copolymerised with acrylamide is useful, for example at ratios of 1:99 to 99:1. Carboxyl methyl cellulose is also useful.
  • the absorbent materials made according to the method of the present invention are useful in a wide range of applications, essentially anything where it is desired to absorb quantities of water or aqueous solutions.
  • uses are inserts for food packaging, feminine hygiene products, bed pads, diapers, and floor guards for bins.
  • Other suitable products include cable wrap, incontinence pads, hygiene pads, and food packaging.
  • the degradation step used in the manufacturing process of the present invention also provides a great advantage, namely the ability to cause a manufactured material to be selectively absorbent in terms of having defined areas of absorbency.
  • a first shape such as a square
  • the degradation step (for example the application of pressure or heat) can be performed on only a part of that first shape so as to define a second shape within the first shape.
  • a square of superabsorbent material according to the present invention may only be absorbent in a circular region within the square.
  • the methods of making an absorbent material according to the present invention may comprise making the absorbent material in a first shape, the degradation step to render the impervious coating permeable only being performed on a part of the first shape so as to define a second shape within the first shape.
  • the present invention overcomes this problem since the non-absorbency is an intrinsic property of all of the super-absorbent polymer material which has a non-degraded impervious coating.
  • a diaper or feminine hygiene product can be readily formed from material of the present invention having both absorbent and non-absorbent regions.
  • an absorbent region can be formed having a non-absorbent perimeter which prevents leakage.
  • Such products are simpler and less expensive to manufacture, requiring fewer components and reducing the need for costly and complex manufacturing steps such as stitching, heat- sealing etc. They can also be substantially thinner and thus more discrete than existing products.
  • absorbent paper sheets such as tissues such as toilet paper and kitchen roll having at least one ply of a superabsorbent material according to the present invention surrounded both above and below by at least one ply of absorbent paper such as an absorbent crepe paper.
  • the method of the present invention provides a number of substantial advantages. Firstly, the resultant product is less expensive than comparable woven products, and the manufacturing process is simpler and more versatile than other processes for making non- woven wet-laid products incorporating super absorbent polymers. Secondly, the resulting product can be made much thinner than existing comparable products, which in turn can result in increased converting efficiencies, lower freight costs, less down time in the manufacturing process (for example due to the creation of less dust by non-woven products as compared to woven products), and less handling (for example due to the thinness of the product, and the quantity that can be provided on a single roll). Thirdly, the products of the invention allow the packaging of more pieces per unit (due to longer lengths of roll, and greater quantities of absorbent material per unit volume).
  • the thinner products of the present invention allow the manufacture of thinner products incorporating them, for example feminine hygiene products and diapers.
  • degradation of the impervious coating is effected after the absorbent material is substantially dry, i.e. after it has a defined shape, degradation can be restricted to certain areas of the absorbent material. Thus islands of absorbency can be created within a piece of absorbent material. This is particularly useful in the manufacture of feminine hygiene products and diapers.
  • the present invention by using discrete pieces (for example particles) of super absorbent polymer coated with a (degraded) impervious coating also avoids the problem encountered with existing products of the formation by super absorbent polymer of a gel plug, preventing fluid flow to and absorption by the rest of the absorbent core (see for example www.nonwovens.com)
  • Figure 1 shows EX60 viewed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) at 18X magnification
  • Figure 2 shows EX60 viewed by SEM at 100X magnification
  • Figure 3 shows EX60 viewed by SEM at 200X magnification
  • Figure 4 shows EX60 viewed by SEM at 1000X magnification.
  • Coated particles were then mechanically degraded by crushing to creates fractures or fissures in the parylene coating, and the absorbability of the particles deteirnined over time.
  • the results of these experiments showed that the coating on the degraded (crushed) particles was highly permeable and that the particles could readily absorb water.
  • EX60 Super absorbent powder
  • EX60 consists, of a coating of parylene C on the super absorbent polymer Aqua Keep (RTM) SA55SX (Sumitomo Seika, Osaka, Japan).
  • SA55SX 2 grams of the raw super absorbent polymer SA55SX absorbs 50 ml of saline solution in 50 seconds, and has a total absorption capacity of 60 g/g and a bulk density of 0.72 g/ml.
  • the polymer forms agglomerates of smaller particles, the agglomerates having an average particle size of 250-300 micrometres.
  • SA60 Aqua Keep polymers particularly SA60SL
  • Parylene C is a dimer (dichloro-di-p-xylylene) which, upon vaporisation in a coating process (Parylene Coating Services, Inc., Texas, USA - www.paryleneinc.com; Advanced Coating, CA, USA - www.advancedcoating.com) degrades to a monomer and forms a polycrystalline conformal substantially pinhole-free polymeric (poly monochloroparaxylylene) coating upon the SA55SX super absorbent polymer.
  • parylenes used in experiments but not detailed below are Parylene D and Parylene N.
  • Coating was effected by vapour deposition of parylene C upon the SA55SX for varying lengths of time to produce various batches of coated particles having different thicknesses of coating.
  • a 2 micrometre thick coating of polymeric parylene C was achieved on SA55SX by blending 100 kg of parylene C per metric ton of SA55SX.
  • EX60 was studied by SEM using a Joel JSM 5600 LV SEM. This allowed the determination of the shape, size and structure of EX60 particles and the determination of the nature of the surface coating.
  • EX60 is a non-spherical slightly ovoid structure, individual particles having an average diameter of 100 micrometres.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show the individual particles to be a slight ovoid shape with an average diameter of 100-150 micrometres.
  • the 143 kg per metric ton preparation gave more than 9 hours of protection.
  • the 100 kg per metric ton preparation gave at least 3.5 hours protection.
  • the 60 kg per metric ton preparation gave 30-60 minutes protection.
  • the 15 kg per metric ton preparation gave 15- 30 minutes protection.
  • the amount of protection afforded by a given weight of impervious coating such as parylene C can be increased by for example reducing the variance in particle size about a given desired mean particle size. For example, it may be desirable to have a mean particle size of 250 micrometres with a standard deviation of about 17 micrometres. Thus a normal distribution of particle sizes about the mean size will result in 99.9% of all particles being between 200 and 300 micrometres in size.
  • reducing the standard deviation (i.e. reducing the variance) in particle size not only is the proportion of smaller particles having a larger surface area to volume ration decreased (and therefore the mass of coating required per unit mass of particle decreased).
  • EX60 was then placed between two sheets of paper and rolled/crushed with a rolling pin for 30 seconds in order to degrade the impervious coating.
  • 1.0 g EX60 was then added to 500 ml distilled water and the time taken to absorb the water recorded. After 5 hours nearly half of the distilled water had turned to gel, and after 12 hours all of the liquid had been converted to a gel-like matrix very similar to wallpaper paste. Notably, there was significant absorption of water during the initial 15 to 30 minute period, confirming that the degradation of the coating resulted in a significant increase in the rate of absorption of water by the super absorbent polymer.
  • the degradation step causes the impervious layer to become permeable, readily allowing the absorption of water by the super absorbent polymer.
  • the use of more severe degradation conditions such as the use of higher pressures in the crushing step can be expected to result in more significant increases in permeability of the impervious coating.
  • EX60 powder was incorporated into a pulp paper as follows:
  • Whatman filter paper (2 g) was dispersed in 2000 ml of distilled water and added to a Mark IIIC standard pulp disintegrator for 3000 counts. After "pulping" of the filter paper, 0.5 g of EX60 was added to the pulp mixture (25% w/w) and the pulp mixture added into a British Standard Sheet Papermaking Machine. The pulp material was compressed 5 times in the papermaking column, before the water was released from the column and the paper formed on the wire grid. The wire grid was removed from the column and the paper pulp removed from the grid and placed between two weighted rings to prevent shrinkage of the paper. The paper was then dried for 24 hours at 28 °C while clamped.
  • the paper produced had an area of 189 cm 2 , and was quartered evenly to give pieces each having an area of 47.1 cm 2 . The quarters were then used to determine how much water could be absorbed, and were rolled with a rolling pin to degrade the impervious coating of the super absorbent polymer. The papers were then compared to a control of the original filter paper used. All experiments were performed in triplicate.
  • Distilled water was added to the samples in 2 ml aliquots via Gibson pipette until the paper could not retain any more liquid. The ability to retain water was tested by lifting the papers 30 cm above the bench and checking for any liquid dripped from the paper.
  • the crushed samples retained 8 ml of distilled water, before the super absorbent polymer started to react, by turning to a gel on the surface of the paper matrix. After 12 ml the paper still did not drip. At 24 ml the filter paper with EX60 still did not drip, the gel-like for of the EX60 was now very visible on the surface of the paper, however the paper matrix started to tear due to the weight of the liquid absorbed by the EX60. After another 2 ml the filter paper ripped.
  • an absorbent paper incorporating the coated super absorbent polymers of the present invention is preferably provided in the form of a mechanically strong paper, or for example as a multi-ply paper having at leat one inner ply consisting a paper incorporating the coated super absorbent polymer, and outer plies (i.e. at least one upper and lower ply) consisting a mechanically strong paper.
  • the mechanically strong paper may not be highly water absorbent in order that it retains its mechanical strength whilst the inner ply absorbs water.
  • paper was made using a faster manufacturing process than the one detailed above, the manufacturing process not resulting in the exposure of the coated super absorbent polymer to water for prolonged periods of time.
  • This paper showed a significant difference in the amount of water it absorbed before and after degradation by crushing. Crushing was also performed in specific regions of sheets of paper, and the regions which had been degraded were substantially more absorbent than the non-degraded areas. This difference in absorbency was apparent for a prolonged period of time, demonstrating that such papers degraded in defined regions are ideal for containing and absorbing fluids within defined regions. In particular they are useful in feminine hygiene products, diapers and floor guards etc.
  • Gel blocking is the swelling of superabsorbent polymer that prevents fluid from passing through an absorbent structure and reaching more of the intended superabsorbent polymer.
  • the super absorbent polymers of the present invention coated with substantially impervious coatings can additionally have a soluble exterior coating of e.g. ethyl cellulose, or a gelatinous gum such as a soluble protein-carbohydrate coating and others well known in the art (see e.g. Arshady R., Microspheres and Microcapsules: A Survey of Manufacturing Techniques. 1: Suspension and Crosslinking., Polym. Eng. Sci., 30 (15), 1746-1758, 1989; Arshady R., Microspheres and Microcapsules: A Survey of Manufacturing Techniques. 2: Coacervation., Polym. Eng.
  • the absorbent materials of the present invention can usefully be provided with an additional opaque film or laminate through which fluid flow can occur from outside of the absorbent material (e.g. from a foodstuff placed on it) into the absorbent material.
  • the fluid flow can occur for example through perforations in the film or laminate or through pores in the film or laminate or other diffusion through it. It can be important to minimise any filtration of fluid by the film or laminate such that e.g. red blood cells and other such matter pass through the film or laminate and do not leave, or leave minimal, markings on the film or laminate.
  • meat can be placed on the absorbent material and any blood or other fluid or exudate which comes from the meat can be absorbed by the absorbent materials whilst leaving little or no staining on the upper film or laminate. This is not only visually pleasing to consumers but can also help in improving food hygiene.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne des polymères super absorbants présentant un revêtement sensiblement étanche, des polymères super absorbants présentant un revêtement sensiblement étanche ayant été dégradé de manière à le rendre perméable, des matériaux absorbants conçus à partir de ces polymères, ainsi que des procédés de fabrication associés.
PCT/GB2002/000913 2001-03-03 2002-03-01 Materiaux absorbants Ceased WO2002070125A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0105358.6 2001-03-03
GBGB0105358.6A GB0105358D0 (en) 2001-03-03 2001-03-03 Absorbent materials
US28304101P 2001-04-11 2001-04-11
US60/283,041 2001-04-11

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WO2002070125A1 true WO2002070125A1 (fr) 2002-09-12

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PCT/GB2002/000913 Ceased WO2002070125A1 (fr) 2001-03-03 2002-03-01 Materiaux absorbants

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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WO1991004361A1 (fr) * 1989-09-12 1991-04-04 Financiere Elysees Balzac Retenteur de liquides aqueux encapsule, procede pour sa preparation
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US4508760A (en) * 1983-06-10 1985-04-02 Nova Tran Corporation Method and apparatus for microencapsulation
CA2025035A1 (fr) * 1989-09-12 1991-03-13 Claudine Colin Materiau allulosique cellulaire presentant des qualites ameliorees de retenue d'eau et methode de preparation de ce materiau
WO1991004361A1 (fr) * 1989-09-12 1991-04-04 Financiere Elysees Balzac Retenteur de liquides aqueux encapsule, procede pour sa preparation
US5795439A (en) * 1997-01-31 1998-08-18 Celanese Acetate Llc Process for making a non-woven, wet-laid, superabsorbent polymer-impregnated structure
US6019871A (en) * 1998-04-30 2000-02-01 Ahlstrom Paper Group Oy Effective utilization of sap in producing non-woven webs using the foam process
WO2000062922A1 (fr) * 1999-04-16 2000-10-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Procede de preparation de composites contenant des substances superabsorbantes

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