WO2003012906A2 - Pile a combustible methanol directe portable - Google Patents

Pile a combustible methanol directe portable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003012906A2
WO2003012906A2 PCT/DE2002/002761 DE0202761W WO03012906A2 WO 2003012906 A2 WO2003012906 A2 WO 2003012906A2 DE 0202761 W DE0202761 W DE 0202761W WO 03012906 A2 WO03012906 A2 WO 03012906A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
methanol
fuel cell
portable
anode
storage container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE2002/002761
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2003012906A3 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Baldauf
Klaus Dennerlein
Ulrich Gebhardt
Manfred Waidhas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AU2002333159A priority Critical patent/AU2002333159A1/en
Publication of WO2003012906A2 publication Critical patent/WO2003012906A2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2003012906A3 publication Critical patent/WO2003012906A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2455—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with liquid, solid or electrolyte-charged reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04186—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of liquid-charged or electrolyte-charged reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a portable direct methanol fuel cell with at least one fuel cell unit, which contains a membrane electrode unit consisting of a polymer membrane provided with an anode and a cathode and an associated anode compartment on the one hand and a cathode compartment on the other hand, and with a storage container for methanol.
  • Small, portable electronic devices such as laptops or cell phones, with a power range of up to 30 W for laptops or 4 W for cell phones, are usually operated with Li-ion batteries in the so-called high-end area.
  • the operating time of these batteries is limited due to their storage capacity. Operating times of in particular more than 4 hours for laptops or talk times of more than 6 ° hours for mobile phones are problematic.
  • the batteries designed as rechargeable batteries must then be recharged.
  • a methanol / water mixture is usually pumped through the anode compartment of the cell.
  • Concepts to solve the problem of the need-based methanol dosing for small DMFC cells are not yet known.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to avoid the loss of methanol, in particular in a miniature direct methanol fuel cell.
  • the invention includes a new concept for the methanol storage container and its coupling to the anode compartment, by means of which both a simple methanol supply to the anode by means of a diaphragm permeable to methanol, and the
  • the tank can be separated at a standstill by pulling back. The latter is important in order to prevent uncontrolled "leakage", for example by diffusion, and the flooding of the entire membrane electrode assembly.
  • the tank can be equipped with a double bottom, which is adjusted with a spring or the like, in order to prevent that a negative pressure or a gas space is created in the tank. A gas space must be excluded in order to ensure that the function of the methanol-permeable tank membrane remains independent of orientation, ie the FC also works upside down.
  • a portable fuel cell for generating electrical energy according to the principle of the direct methanol fuel cell or DMFC for short (Direct Methanol Fuel Cell) consists of at least one fuel cell unit and an associated container for the fuel.
  • a storage container for the fuel which is also referred to below as a methanol / water tank, is designated by 1.
  • the storage container holds a mixture of methanol (CH 3 OH) and water (H 2 0) and is largely sealed on one side by a membrane 2 with a defined methanol diffusion.
  • the storage volume of the tank 1 has a movable wall which can be adjusted via a spring 4.
  • Wall for example as a double floor 3, a tracking to the current liquid supply is possible and will In particular, a position-independent tracking of the liquid is guaranteed.
  • the membrane 2 thus forms a large-area methanol feed 5 for a fuel cell or the like, it being possible to disconnect it.
  • the fuel reservoir in order to avoid the loss of methanol, it is common that the fuel reservoir must be mechanically separated from the electrochemical cell when it is at a standstill. In practice this can e.g. with the help of a slide switch, which can also be used to control the electrical on / off function.
  • the electrolyte tank is designed in such a way that it can be refilled if necessary or easily replaced with a full one.
  • the methanol solution is pumped into the fuel cell unit (FC). This means additional weight and volume, but also increased energy consumption.
  • the conventional version is therefore unsuitable for use in portable electronic devices due to the very small space available for the energy supply.
  • the new constructions described below with reference to the figures enable a slow, metered supply of the methanol due to the physical principle of diffusion instead of pumps. This significantly simplifies the fuel cell periphery.
  • the extent of the diffusion can be influenced by the concentration of the methanol solution as well as by the thickness and the chemical nature of the membrane and its pore size.
  • the methanol diffusion may also be influenced by varying the spring force in the double bottom.
  • MEA membrane electrode assembly
  • Layered polymer membrane 11 comprises.
  • a mixture of methanol (CH 3 OH) and water (H 2 0) on the one hand and oxygen from the ambient air on the other hand are used as operating media Air to water with the formation of charge carriers.
  • Such a fuel cell unit 10 can be coupled with its anode 12 to the membrane 2 of the storage container 1.
  • a holder 15 in particular for the cathode 13 of the membrane electrode unit, which is permeable to air with corresponding openings 14, as a result of which the cathode 13 can be supplied with atmospheric oxygen.
  • FIG. 2 the anode 12 is connected to the diffusion membrane 2 of the storage container 1.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 there is no separate membrane 2 for the defined methanol diffusion. Rather, in FIG. 3, the opening of the storage container 1 is closed off directly by the anode 12 and a first partial membrane 11a of the MEA, while a second partial membrane 11b in the fuel cell arrangement is connected to the cathode 13.
  • the anode 12 and the complete membrane 11 are part of the storage container 1, whereas the fuel cell unit consists of the cathode 13 and the cathode carrier 15.
  • the anode space can be separated from the tank membrane by a closure corresponding to the individual figures.
  • This closure can be designed, for example, as a simple slide or like a lamella closure.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une pile à combustible méthanol directe portable composée d'au moins une unité de pile à combustible comportant une unité d'électrode à membrane et un réservoir destiné au mélange méthanol/eau. Selon l'invention, un diaphragme (2) perméable au méthanol sert d'alimentation de méthanol (5) vers l'anode (12). Ledit diaphragme (2) peut être séparé mécaniquement du réservoir par l'intermédiaire d'un coulisseau (6) ou similaire. L'anode (12) et/ou une membrane polymère (11) peuvent servir directement de diaphragme.
PCT/DE2002/002761 2001-07-27 2002-07-26 Pile a combustible methanol directe portable Ceased WO2003012906A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002333159A AU2002333159A1 (en) 2001-07-27 2002-07-26 Portable direct methanol fuel cell

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10136753.8 2001-07-27
DE10136753A DE10136753A1 (de) 2001-07-27 2001-07-27 Portable Direkt-Methanol-Brennstoffzelle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003012906A2 true WO2003012906A2 (fr) 2003-02-13
WO2003012906A3 WO2003012906A3 (fr) 2005-02-10

Family

ID=7693372

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2002/002761 Ceased WO2003012906A2 (fr) 2001-07-27 2002-07-26 Pile a combustible methanol directe portable

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002333159A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10136753A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003012906A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2234766C1 (ru) * 2003-02-27 2004-08-20 Каричев Зия Рамизович Топливный элемент для портативного радиоэлектронного оборудования
EP1513211A3 (fr) * 2003-09-05 2006-12-27 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Dispositif d'alimentacion pour les piles à combustible à méthanol direct

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003069709A1 (fr) 2002-02-14 2003-08-21 Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. Pile a combustible liquide
DE10319793B3 (de) 2003-04-30 2004-11-04 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Energieversorgung eines Messgerätes
KR100528337B1 (ko) * 2003-09-05 2005-11-15 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 직접 메탄올 연료전지용 연료 공급장치

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6062064A (ja) * 1983-09-14 1985-04-10 Hitachi Ltd 液体燃料電池
JP3668069B2 (ja) * 1999-09-21 2005-07-06 株式会社東芝 燃料電池用液体燃料収容容器および燃料電池
WO2001075999A1 (fr) * 2000-03-30 2001-10-11 Manhattan Scientifics, Inc. Ampoules de diffusion de combustible pour pile a combustible
EP1293007A4 (fr) * 2000-06-13 2006-12-20 California Inst Of Techn Pile a combustible de taille reduite pour applications portables
US6680139B2 (en) * 2000-06-13 2004-01-20 California Institute Of Technology Reduced size fuel cell for portable applications
DE10136755A1 (de) * 2001-07-27 2003-02-20 Siemens Ag Portable Direkt-Methanol-Brennstoffzelle und zugehöriges Betriebsverfahren

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2234766C1 (ru) * 2003-02-27 2004-08-20 Каричев Зия Рамизович Топливный элемент для портативного радиоэлектронного оборудования
EP1513211A3 (fr) * 2003-09-05 2006-12-27 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Dispositif d'alimentacion pour les piles à combustible à méthanol direct

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003012906A3 (fr) 2005-02-10
AU2002333159A1 (en) 2003-02-17
DE10136753A1 (de) 2003-02-20

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