WO2003098876A2 - Procede de transmission de telegrammes de donnees et composante d'automatisation - Google Patents

Procede de transmission de telegrammes de donnees et composante d'automatisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003098876A2
WO2003098876A2 PCT/DE2003/001429 DE0301429W WO03098876A2 WO 2003098876 A2 WO2003098876 A2 WO 2003098876A2 DE 0301429 W DE0301429 W DE 0301429W WO 03098876 A2 WO03098876 A2 WO 03098876A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission
data
transmission protocol
time slices
telegram
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE2003/001429
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2003098876A3 (fr
Inventor
Udo DÖBRICH
Roland Heidel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of WO2003098876A2 publication Critical patent/WO2003098876A2/fr
Publication of WO2003098876A3 publication Critical patent/WO2003098876A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L12/407—Bus networks with decentralised control
    • H04L12/417—Bus networks with decentralised control with deterministic access, e.g. token passing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/14—Multichannel or multilink protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/324—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the data link layer [OSI layer 2], e.g. HDLC

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the transmission of data telegrams of different transmission protocols via a data transmission channel as well as a corresponding automation component and an automation system.
  • PC-internal bus systems for data exchange between two or more electronic assemblies or devices are known from the prior art, in particular also for use in automation systems. Examples of such communication systems are: Fieldbus, Profibus, Ethernet, Industrial Ethernet, FireWire or even PC-internal bus systems (PCI).
  • PCI PC-internal bus systems
  • bus systems are designed and optimized for different fields of application and allow the construction of a decentralized control system. Very fast and reliable communication systems with predictable reaction times are required for process control and monitoring in automated production and especially with digital drive technologies.
  • Synchronous, clocked communication systems with equidistance properties are known in particular from automation technology.
  • This is a system made up of at least two participants that are connected via a data network for the purpose of mutual exchange of data or mutual transmission. data are interconnected. The data exchange takes place cyclically in equidistant communication cycles, which are specified by the communication cycle used by the system. Participants are, for example, central automation devices, programming, project planning or operating devices, peripheral devices such as input / output modules, drives, actuators, sensors, programmable logic controllers (PLCs) or other control units, computers or machines that process electronic data with other dimensions - replace machines, especially process data from other machines.
  • PLCs programmable logic controllers
  • An equidistant, deterministic, cyclical data exchange in communication systems is based on a common clock or time base of all components involved in the communication.
  • the clock or time base is provided by an extended draw ⁇ th component (clock pulse) to the other components.
  • ⁇ th component clock pulse
  • the clock or the time base is specified by a synchronization master by sending synchronization telegrams.
  • From DE 197 03 963 AI a method for exchanging data between decentrally arranged electronic assemblies is known, which enables very fast communication for data exchange between individual electronic assemblies, especially in digital drive technologies.
  • the data is transmitted between electronic assemblies via an interface of a connection between the assemblies, a storage area of the assembly and an at least second storage area being made available to the transmission medium for writing and / or reading operations alternately as a function of control signals, and each assembly a characteristic address space is allocated in the memory area.
  • DE 199 55 330 AI discloses a method for transmitting data and a coupling device.
  • the procedure is suitable for the transmission of data from a fieldbus, in particular from PROFIBUS, to a network on which cells with a fixed length are transmitted, in particular to an ATM network, the data transmission speed on the fieldbus being substantially lower than on the ATM network ,
  • a fieldbus telegram is divided into several sub-packets, each of which only partially fills an ATM cell.
  • DE 196 45 861 AI discloses a platform-independent communication method for a heterogeneous network.
  • the method enables an asynchronous communication process in a heterogeneous network, in that functions which run application-specifically on the respective information nodes generate data packets and logically address them to virtual functions.
  • a method for voice communication for underground construction is known from 19802394 A2, which serves to reduce the installation and maintenance effort.
  • a bus system for the control and / or monitoring of systems in particular an intrinsically safe bus system for use in underground construction, is proposed, an analog voice signal being converted digitally on the transmitter side, digitally transmitted via the bus system, and converted analogously on the receiver side.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating an improved method for transmitting data telegrams and an improved automation component and an improved automation system.
  • the object on which the invention is based is achieved in each case with the features of the independent patent claims.
  • the invention makes it possible to supplement a transmission protocol that is not real-time capable with a real-time transmission protocol.
  • the invention makes it possible to supplement a standard Ethernet bus access method by means of time division multiplexing by an access method which is capable of real time.
  • Ethernet systems known from the prior art have a relatively high transmission rate, they are only of limited suitability with regard to real-time transmission, since the transmission via such a system is not deterministic.
  • a predetermined data transmission channel is divided into time slices, with Ethernet and Profibus data telegrams, that is to say so-called process data units (PDU), being transmitted alternately in the time slices.
  • PDU process data units
  • the PDUs of the real-time transmission system are transmitted at a multiple of their original bit rate.
  • the method can combine not only the two described, but also more than two transmission systems on one cable, but also on a wireless connection.
  • transmission systems can be implemented with their own protocol but with a significantly higher transmission rate.
  • a combined Ethernet / PROFIBUS system is an example.
  • Is z For example, if the Ethernet time slice is limited to 10%, 90% of the time is available for the PROFIBUS protocol. It Connections can be set up in Ethernet compatibility mode, which negotiate the PROFIBUS connection qualities and then exchange PROFIBUS messages with approx. 90 Mbit / s with a 90% share of time, which by using the Ethernet transmission system increases the current PROFIBUS data rate by a factor of seven while at the same time corresponds to significantly larger distances.
  • the division of the data transmission channel into time slices is not fixed.
  • the average utilization of the transmission capacity made available by the individual time slices is continuously determined and the distribution is adapted on this basis in order to optimize the utilization of the data transmission capacity of the individual time slices.
  • the type of a data telegram is recognized on a time basis.
  • the detection takes place with the help of, for example, header or footer information of the data telegram.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the division of a data transmission channel into time slices for different transmission protocols
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of an automation system according to the invention with several components which are connected to the data transmission channel via filters
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the automation system with bus monitoring for adapting the division of the data transmission channel
  • FIG. 4 shows a flowchart to illustrate the mode of operation of the automation system in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a data transmission channel 1, which is divided into time slices 2 and 3.
  • the time slices 2 and 3 alternate in time.
  • the time slices 2 are provided for the transmission of data telegrams according to an Ethernet access method, while the time slices 3 are intended for the transmission of data telegrams according to a real-time access method, such as Profibus.
  • Data transmission channel 1 can be, for example, a standard Ethernet bus system.
  • a time raster is laid over this by time slices 2 and 3, which defines time periods for the transmission of Ethernet data telegrams and time periods for the transmission of real-time data telegrams.
  • critical data can be transmitted in real time via the expanded Ethernet data transmission channel, as is necessary for the operation of an automation system.
  • a further advantage is that the data transmission rate of the real-time critical data also increases, since these are now transmitted at the Ethernet data transmission rate on the data transmission channel.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a corresponding system.
  • the system has a data transmission channel 4, which works, for example, using Ethernet transmission technology.
  • the data transmission channel 4 there are different participants 5, 6, 7, 8 coupled via corresponding filters 9, 10, 11 and 12.
  • Subscribers 5 and 6 are subscribers who need real-time data, while subscribers 7 and 8 do not require real-time data.
  • the filters 9 and 10 filter out data telegrams which are transmitted in time slices 3 via the data transmission channel 4 and transmit them to the subscribers 5 and
  • filters 11 and 12 which filter out data telegrams in time slices 2 and transmit them to subscribers 7 and 8, respectively (cf. FIG. 1).
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of such an automation system.
  • the automation system has a data transmission channel 13 to which subscribers 17, 18 and 19 are connected via filters 14, 15 and 16.
  • a bus monitoring module 20 is connected to the data transmission channel 13.
  • each of the filters 14, 15, 16 has a time base 23 which is used to map the time grid formed by dividing the data transmission channel 13 into time slices 2 and 3 (see FIG. 1).
  • each of the filters knows at any point in time whether a time slice 2 with non-real-time data telegrams or a time slice 3 with real-time data telegrams is pending at the input of the filter.
  • each of the filters can contain a program module 24, which is used to query type information from the data telegram pending at the input.
  • This type information can be stored in the data telegram, for example in a header or footer.
  • the bus monitoring module 20 monitors the transmission of the data telegrams on the data transmission channel 13. For this purpose, the bus transmission module determines for each time slice 2 and for each time slice 3 the percentage to which this time slice is busy with data telegrams.
  • the percentage utilization of several successive time slices 2 or time slices 3 is then averaged, for example, in order to arrive at a current average utilization in time slices 2 and in time slices 3. This determination is made by the load module 25 in the bus monitoring module 20.
  • the weighting module 26 determines an adapted time grid in order to determine the total utilization of the system and the efficiency of the To increase data transmission, for example by increasing the time length of the time slices 2 at the expense of the time length of the time slices 3.
  • This change in the time grid can be communicated to the filters 14, 15, 16 by an adaptation telegram from the bus monitoring module 20.
  • This adaptation telegram means that the time base 23 in the filters 14, 15, 16 is adapted to the changed time grid.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the corresponding process flow.
  • the process 27 relates to the mode of operation of the bus monitoring module 20 in FIG. 3.
  • step 28 the current average utilization of the time slices for the various transmission protocols is determined.
  • the lengths of the time slices are adapted in step 29.
  • the ratio of the number of time slices can also be changed, for example by the time slices for different transmission protocols no longer alternating, but for example two time slices for the same transmission protocol from one time slice of the other transmission protocol are followed.
  • an adaptation telegram is sent to the filters in step 30 in order to inform them of the change in the time grid. Thereafter, the process control goes back to step 28.
  • Process 31 shows the sequence for one of the filters (cf. filters 14, 15, 16 of FIG. 3).
  • a data telegram is received from the filter.
  • the type of the data telegram is determined, that is to say whether it is a data telegram with real-time properties or one without real-time properties. The type can be determined in step 34 via the currently pending time slice or in step 35 by reading type information from the data telegram itself.
  • step 36 it is checked whether the type of the interface of the subscriber assigned to the filter corresponds to the type of the data telegram currently pending at the input of the filter. If this is the case, the data telegram is entered into the subscriber in step 37, and the sequence control returns to step 32. On the other hand, if the types do not match, the control flow returns immediately to step 32.
  • the invention is in no way limited to a specific number of different transmission protocols, but can in principle be applied to any number of different transmission protocols by dividing the data transmission channel into corresponding time slices, each of which is assigned to transmission protocols.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de transmission de télégrammes de données d'un premier protocole de transmission et de télégrammes de données d'un deuxième protocole de transmission par l'intermédiaire d'un canal de transmission de données (4, 13). Ledit procédé consiste diviser le canal de transmission de données en premières (2) et deuxièmes tranches temporelles (3), les premières tranches temporelles servant à la transmission de télégrammes de données du premier protocole de transmission et les deuxièmes tranches temporelles servant à la transmission de télégrammes de données du deuxième protocole de transmission, à transmettre un télégramme de données du premier protocole de transmission au sein d'une des premières tranches temporelles et à transmettre un télégramme de données du deuxième protocole de transmission au sein d'une des deuxièmes tranches temporelles.
PCT/DE2003/001429 2002-05-17 2003-05-05 Procede de transmission de telegrammes de donnees et composante d'automatisation Ceased WO2003098876A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10222147A DE10222147A1 (de) 2002-05-17 2002-05-17 Verfahren zur Übertragung von Datentelegrammen und Automatisierungskomponente
DE10222147.2 2002-05-17

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WO2003098876A2 true WO2003098876A2 (fr) 2003-11-27
WO2003098876A3 WO2003098876A3 (fr) 2004-05-13

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015091080A1 (fr) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-25 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Gmbh Dispositif de commande ou de réglage pour un corset de rouleaux de soutien d'une machine de coulée continue
WO2015096952A1 (fr) * 2013-12-23 2015-07-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé de transmission déterministe de données dans un système de bus et système de bus

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DIMITRIADIS B ET AL: "ON A NEW LOCAL AREA NETWORK HYBRID ACCESSING SCHEME APPLYING SPLIT-CHANNEL ALLOCATION" , PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL ALLERTON CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATION, CONTROL AND COMPUTING. MONTICELLO, OCTOBER 6 - 8, 1982, MONTICELLO, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, US, VOL. PROC. 20, PAGE(S) 5-14 XP002016855 Seite 5, Zeile 30 - Zeile 37 Seite 6, Zeile 9 - Zeile 28 Seite 7, Zeile 22 - Zeile 27 *
PALLIOS V ET AL: "Architecture and implementation of the access mechanism for a bus-structured multiservice LAN" , DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING SYSTEMS, 1988., 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SAN JOSE, CA, USA 13-17 JUNE 1988, WASHINGTON, DC, USA,IEEE COMPUT. SOC. PR, US, PAGE(S) 132-137 XP010013080 ISBN: 0-8186-0865-X Seite 132, rechte Spalte, Zeile 40 - Zeile 49 Seite 133, linke Spalte, Zeile 8 - Zeile 11 *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015091080A1 (fr) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-25 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Gmbh Dispositif de commande ou de réglage pour un corset de rouleaux de soutien d'une machine de coulée continue
CN106061652A (zh) * 2013-12-17 2016-10-26 首要金属科技奥地利有限责任公司 用于连铸机的支承辊支架的控制或调节装置
CN106061652B (zh) * 2013-12-17 2019-05-17 首要金属科技奥地利有限责任公司 用于连铸机的支承辊支架的控制或调节装置
WO2015096952A1 (fr) * 2013-12-23 2015-07-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé de transmission déterministe de données dans un système de bus et système de bus
KR20160102250A (ko) * 2013-12-23 2016-08-29 로베르트 보쉬 게엠베하 버스 시스템에서 결정성 데이터 전송을 위한 방법 및 버스 시스템
CN105993142A (zh) * 2013-12-23 2016-10-05 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于在总线系统中确定性地进行数据传输的方法和总线系统
CN105993142B (zh) * 2013-12-23 2020-01-21 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于在总线系统中确定性地进行数据传输的方法和总线系统
KR102256153B1 (ko) * 2013-12-23 2021-05-26 로베르트 보쉬 게엠베하 버스 시스템에서 결정성 데이터 전송을 위한 방법 및 버스 시스템

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WO2003098876A3 (fr) 2004-05-13
DE10222147A1 (de) 2003-12-04

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