WO2005035230A1 - タイヤの製造方法およびプリセットビード成型装置ならびにプリセットビード成型システム - Google Patents
タイヤの製造方法およびプリセットビード成型装置ならびにプリセットビード成型システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005035230A1 WO2005035230A1 PCT/JP2004/014640 JP2004014640W WO2005035230A1 WO 2005035230 A1 WO2005035230 A1 WO 2005035230A1 JP 2004014640 W JP2004014640 W JP 2004014640W WO 2005035230 A1 WO2005035230 A1 WO 2005035230A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bead
- preset
- bead core
- core
- tire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/0016—Handling tyres or parts thereof, e.g. supplying, storing, conveying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/48—Bead-rings or bead-cores; Treatment thereof prior to building the tyre
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/0016—Handling tyres or parts thereof, e.g. supplying, storing, conveying
- B29D2030/0044—Handling tyre beads, e.g., storing, transporting, transferring and supplying to the toroidal support or to the drum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/48—Bead-rings or bead-cores; Treatment thereof prior to building the tyre
- B29D2030/482—Applying fillers or apexes to bead cores
Definitions
- Tire manufacturing method preset bead molding device, and preset bead molding system
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a tire in which a preset bead in which a bead filler is pre-assembled on a bead core is arranged radially outside a carcass band, and both sides of the carcass band are turned around the preset bead to form a tire. .
- a method for manufacturing a tire in which a preset bead in which a bead filler is pre-assembled to a bead core is arranged radially outside a carcass band, and both sides of the carcass band are turned around the preset bead to form a tire.
- This method has already been performed (see, for example, Patent Document 1), and this method requires less space around the molding station and time for assembling than a method of separately assembling a bead core and a bead filler on a molding drum.
- this preset bead is formed by winding a rubber having substantially the same cross-sectional shape as a bead filler of a green tire around a tire circumference on a bead core.
- This method is advantageous in that the winding time is short, and the winding can be performed by a simple device because only one turn is required, but it has the following problems.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-2-283434
- the present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and a preset bead in which a bead filler is previously mounted on a bead core is arranged outside the carcass band in a radial direction, and both sides of the force cascade band are preset beads.
- a preset bead in which a bead filler is previously mounted on a bead core is arranged outside the carcass band in a radial direction, and both sides of the force cascade band are preset beads.
- the tire manufacturing method in which the tire is folded around the tire, it is necessary to have a large intermediate stock of the preset bead, and the tire uniformity is also caused by the circumferential unevenness of the preset bead. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a tire that does not degrade a tire, a preset bead forming apparatus used for the method, and a preset bead forming system.
- the present invention relates to a tire for forming a tire by arranging a preset bead in which a bead filler is pre-assembled on a bead core and arranging the carcass band on both sides of the carcass band around the preset bead in a radial direction outside of the car band.
- a tire for forming a tire by arranging a preset bead in which a bead filler is pre-assembled on a bead core and arranging the carcass band on both sides of the carcass band around the preset bead in a radial direction outside of the car band.
- the thickness direction of the ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber is directed to the center axis direction of the bead core, and the ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber is wound on a side surface of a disk rotating around the central axis of the bead core.
- the present invention is a preset bead forming apparatus used in the tire manufacturing method of (1) or (2),
- a bead core holding device that holds a bead core, a disk that rotates integrally with the bead core holding device and rolls and laminates a ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber on a plate surface, an extruder that extrudes the ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber in accordance with the winding,
- a preset bead forming device which is provided so as to be displaceable on a plate surface of a disk and includes a ribbon sticking roller for pressing the extruded ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber against the disk.
- the bead core holding device includes a magnet for attracting and holding a side surface of the bead core, and a force acting on an inner peripheral surface of the bead core attracted to the magnet to center the bead core.
- a preset bead forming apparatus comprising a ribbon sticking roller position control means for controlling the position of the ribbon sticking roller in real time.
- the present invention provides a preset bead forming apparatus according to (4), a bead core preparation station for preparing a bead core supplied to the preset bead forming apparatus, and a preset bead storage for temporarily storing the formed preset beads.
- a preset bead forming system comprising a station and a bead handling robot for transferring a bead core to a preset bead forming device and transferring a preset bead from the preset bead forming device to a preset bead storage station. is there.
- the present invention indicates the size of a bead core prepared for a bead core preparation station based on a predetermined forming order of preset beads including at least one set of successive combinations of different sizes.
- the present invention is provided with a preset bead inspection station for measuring the weight and shape of the preset bead formed by the preset bead forming device and performing a pass / fail judgment ( This is the preset bead forming system of (5) or (6).
- the bead filler is formed by using the ribbon manufacturing method, the bead filler is formed by winding rubber having substantially the same cross-sectional shape as the bead filler by the circumference of the tire. Since it is not necessary to replace the extruder base for each size of the extruder, different sizes of preset beads can be mixed and produced, thereby reducing the intermediate stock of the preset beads and the circumferential direction of the bead filler. It is possible to suppress the concentration of the joints of the tires and prevent a decrease in the u-formity of the product tire. Further, according to the tire manufacturing method of (2), a high-precision preset bead can be stably formed by laminating a ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber in parallel with the disk using the disk as a base.
- the method of manufacturing a tire of (1) or (2) can be realized, and the effects described above can be obtained.
- the bead core holding device is configured as described above, after the side surface of the bead core is sucked and held on the disk by the magnet, the inner circumference of the bead core is centered by the centering device.
- the bead core can be centered, and depending on the size of the bead core, different sizes of bead cores can be held and centered without changing the centering device.
- the preset bead forming apparatus the bead core preparing station, the bead handling robot, and the preset bead storage station are arranged to transfer the bead core, and form and transfer the preset bead. Can be implemented efficiently and promptly, which can save labor and improve productivity.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preset bead forming apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a disk of the preset bead forming apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view of a preset bead forming step of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing a layout of a preset bead forming system of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating the operation of a bead take-out means of the bead core preparation station of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a mechanism of a bead-no-dling robot of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a preset bead forming apparatus of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view in a cross section including a center axis of a disk of the preset bead forming apparatus of the present invention. It is.
- the preset bead forming device 1 includes a pair of bead filter winding portions 2 that form a bead filler 38 by winding a ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber 5 a plurality of times, a common base 3 on which these bead filter winding portions 2 are mounted, and a common base 3.
- a swivel drive unit 4 that supports the swivel drive around the axis V, an extruder 6 that extrudes a ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber 5 in accordance with the winding, and a bead filter winding unit 2 that extrudes the extruded ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber 5.
- a ribbon sticking roller 7 that supports the swivel drive around the axis V, an extruder 6 that extrudes a ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber 5 in accordance with the winding, and a bead filter winding unit 2 that extrudes the extruded ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber 5.
- a ribbon sticking roller 7 that supports the swivel drive around the axis V, an extruder 6 that extrudes a ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber 5 in accordance with the winding, and a bead filter winding unit 2 that extrudes the extruded ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber 5.
- the bead filter winding sections 2 are arranged in a rotationally symmetric manner so as to overlap with each other by a rotation operation of 180 degrees about the axis V, and each bead filter winding section 2 is turned to be preset with the bead filter forming station S1. It is configured to reciprocate with the bead removal station S2.
- Each of the bead filter winding portions 2 includes a vertically provided disk 8 having one plate surface as an attachment surface F to which a ribbon-shaped bead filter rubber 5 is attached, a rotation drive unit 9 for rotating and driving the disk 8, and a circle.
- a magnet 11 attached to the surface opposite to the attaching surface F of the plate 8 in a circumferential direction and adsorbing a side surface of the bead core 10 arranged on the attaching surface F, and a bead core 10 attracted and held by the magnet 11.
- the centering device 12 performs centering by applying a force to the inner peripheral surface to shift the bead core 10 with respect to the disk 8, and a plurality of peeling bars 13 extending inward and outward in the radial direction. 13 moves through the slit 14 provided in the disk 8 to advance and retreat in the thickness direction of the disk 8, and is brought into close contact with the attaching surface F, and the completed bead 32 after the formation is completed. Acts to separate from the surface.
- the centering device 12 includes a binding plate 15 provided on the center axis of the disk 8 and displaced on the axis, a plurality of links 16 having one end hingedly connected to the binding plate 15, and other links.
- An air cylinder 19 for displacing the binding plate 15 in the axial direction of the disk 8 is formed. By operating the air cylinder 19, the segment 17 is configured to expand and contract via the link 16.
- the bead cores 10 of the target size can be reduced in size from the largest to the smallest. Regardless of the constant operation of the air cylinder 19, the bead core 10 can be centered, and multi-size mixed production can be performed.
- the bead filter winding section 2 is positioned at the preset bead removal station S2, and the bead core 10 is arranged on the attaching surface F of the disk 8 substantially concentrically with the disk 8.
- the bead core 10 arranged as described above is attracted and held by the magnet 11, and the centering device 12 can be centered by expanding the diameter of the centering device 12 in this state.
- the common base 3 is turned by 180 degrees about the axis V, and the bead filter winding part 2 holding the bead core 10 is moved to the bead filter forming station S1. Therefore, the bead filler is formed by continuously winding the ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber 5 on the application surface F while rotating the disk 8 outward in the radial direction of the bead core 10. After that, the formed bead filler is pressed against the bead core 10 by a press roll such as a stitcher roll to form a preset bead.
- a press roll such as a stitcher roll
- the common base 3 is turned by 180 degrees, and the bead filter winding section 2 holding the preset bead by suction is again positioned at the preset bead take-out station S1. Peel from plate 8 and hand over to next process.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing a winding mode of a ribbon-shaped beaded rubber on a disk.
- the ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber 5 extruded by the extruder 6 is wound around the outer periphery of the bead core 10 of the disk 8 as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3A an example in which a total of 10 layers of the ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber 5 are wound adjacent to the outer periphery of the bead core 10 is shown.
- the bead filler 38 is formed by winding the wire. In this way, by winding and laminating one kind of ribbon-shaped bead filler rubber 5 having a small width and thickness many times, bead fillers 38 of various sizes can be formed into desired shapes.
- the preset bead forming system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- the system 21 includes a preset bead forming apparatus 1, a bead core preparing station 22 for preparing a bead core 10 supplied to the preset bead forming apparatus 1, and a bead core transferred from the bead core preparing station 22 to the preset bead forming apparatus 1.
- the bead nozzle, the handling robot 23, the preset bead inspection station 24, and the preset bead storage station 25, which temporarily stores the preset bead, transfer the preset bead from the preset bead forming apparatus 1 to the preset bead storage station 25. Arrange them.
- the bead core preparation station 22 is provided with a plurality of storage containers 26, each of which stores a different size of bead core 10, and stores the bead core 10 having a size specified by a system controller (not shown). As shown in FIG. 5, it is taken out from the bead core preparation station 22 by the take-out means 27, transported to the position A shown in FIG. 4 by the bead take-out means 25, and delivered to the handling robot 23.
- the handling robot 23 includes a base 28 and an articulated arm 29, and holds the bead core 10 and the preset bead at the tip of the articulated arm 29.
- a disk-shaped hand 30 that can be held is provided to be able to swing.
- the disc-shaped knob 30 is provided with a claw portion 31 which expands and contracts in and out in the radial direction and supports the bead core from the radially inner side at the L-shaped corner.
- the claw portion 31 is configured to be folded inward in the radial direction when the diameter is reduced.
- the base 28 of the bead nodding ring robot 23 is rotated to extend the articulated arm 29.
- the bead core 10 is transferred to the disk 8 of the bead filter winding part 2 located at the preset bead take-out station S2, and then the common base 3 of the preset bead forming device 1 is rotated by 180 degrees to form the preset bead.
- the preset bead 32 formed at station S1 is located at the preset bead removal station S2, where the bead handling robot 23 receives the preset bead 32 there.
- the bead handling robot 23 transfers the preset bead 32 to the preset bead detection station 24 at a position indicated by D in the figure.
- the weight and shape of the transferred preset bead 37 are inspected, and the acceptable products are moved to the loading position E by the bead handling robot 23, and the preset bead storage station 25 Transfer the preset bead 32 to the trolley 33A.
- the preset bead storage station 25 different sizes of preset beads 32 formed in a predetermined forming order are sequentially stacked on a carriage 33A via a cartridge 34, and the preset beads 32 are mounted on a carriage 33A.
- the trucks are transported to the tire molding machine in units of trucks.
- the preset bead 32 is being stacked on the trolley 33A at the loading position E, and in this state, only the cartridge 32 is stacked on the other trolleys 33 on standby.
- the bead handling robot 23 loads the preset bead 32 on the trolley 33A at the loading position E, then removes the cartridge 32 from the trolley 33B adjacent to the loading position E, and transfers the cartridge 32 to the trolley 33A.
- the bead handling robot 23 alternately stacks the preset beads 32 and the cartridges 32 in this manner.
- the force to eject the trolley 33A and move the adjacent trolley 33B to the loading position E At this time, only one cartridge 32 on the trolley 33B remains Keep it.
- a tire using a preset bead manufactured by the tire manufacturing method of the present invention was used as an example.
- Bead filler and green tires A tire using a preset bead formed by winding rubber with the same cross-sectional shape by the circumference of the tire is assumed to be a conventional example, and 10 tires of the embodiment and the conventional example are prototyped, and the u-formity is compared.
- the example tire had a smaller RFV (radial force variation) by an average value of 5N, and it was a component that it was possible to improve the u-formity.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Tyre Moulding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/574,949 US20070215265A1 (en) | 2003-10-07 | 2004-10-05 | Tire Manufacturing Method, Preset Bead Molding Apparatus, and Preset Bead Molding |
| EP04792051A EP1683628B1 (en) | 2003-10-07 | 2004-10-05 | A tire manufacturing method and an apparatus for forming a preset bead |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003-348223 | 2003-10-07 | ||
| JP2003348223A JP4632650B2 (ja) | 2003-10-07 | 2003-10-07 | タイヤの製造方法およびプリセットビード成型装置ならびにプリセットビード成型システム |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005035230A1 true WO2005035230A1 (ja) | 2005-04-21 |
Family
ID=34430957
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/014640 Ceased WO2005035230A1 (ja) | 2003-10-07 | 2004-10-05 | タイヤの製造方法およびプリセットビード成型装置ならびにプリセットビード成型システム |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070215265A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1683628B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4632650B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2005035230A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1800848A1 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-06-27 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Forming method for assembly of bead core and apex rubber |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006011157A1 (de) | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-13 | Continental Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Wulstverstärkungsverbundes eines Fahrzeugluftreifens |
| JP4869000B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-25 | 2012-02-01 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ビードフィラ検査装置 |
| WO2008111369A1 (ja) | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-18 | Bridgestone Corporation | ビード部材の移載装置及び移載方法 |
| JP5108406B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-19 | 2012-12-26 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | スティフナーの形成方法 |
| BRPI1008387A2 (pt) * | 2009-02-24 | 2016-03-15 | Pirelli | processo para fabricar pneus para rodas de veículo, e, aparelho para depositar um elemento de reforço anular sobre uma estrutura de ancoragem anular |
| BRPI1014964B1 (pt) * | 2009-04-08 | 2019-10-22 | Pirelli | processo para fabricar pneus para rodas de veículo, e, aparelho para reforçar com um laço uma estrutura de ancoragem anular de um pneu para rodas de veículo. |
| JP5503460B2 (ja) * | 2010-08-25 | 2014-05-28 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | タイヤ製造装置 |
| IT1402569B1 (it) | 2010-11-12 | 2013-09-13 | Pirelli | Metodo per controllare la gestione di strutture anulari di ancoraggio in un processo ed un impianto per confezionare pneumatici per ruote di veicoli |
| JP5675420B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-18 | 2015-02-25 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | タイヤの製造装置 |
| US10479035B2 (en) | 2011-12-14 | 2019-11-19 | Pirelli Tyre S.P.A. | Method for managing the production cycle of a plant in a process for building tyres for vehicle wheels |
| JP2013216051A (ja) * | 2012-04-11 | 2013-10-24 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | 剥離装置、剥離方法及び円環状ゴム部材の成形装置 |
| NL2008819C2 (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-18 | Vmi Holland Bv | Positioning device for use in a tire building system and a method for positioning a bead. |
| US20130341827A1 (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2013-12-26 | Erich Nicolaus Lemaire | Apparatus for manufacturing an annular bead core-apex subassembly and method of manufacturing such an assembly |
| NL2009373C2 (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2014-03-03 | Vmi Holland Bv | Device for providing a bead. |
| US8955571B2 (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2015-02-17 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Apparatus for supporting and holding a bead core-apex subassembly and method of producing and transporting the bead core-apex subassembly |
| JP6518074B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-26 | 2019-05-22 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ビード部材の取り外し装置及び取り外し方法 |
| JP6433836B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-23 | 2018-12-05 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 単線ビード製造装置 |
| NL2018974B1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-12-07 | Vmi Holland Bv | Assembly and method for processing bead-apexes |
| MX2022010459A (es) * | 2020-02-25 | 2023-01-24 | Bartell Machinery Systems L L C | Sistema de formado de talones con área de configuración dedicada. |
| US11981101B2 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2024-05-14 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Method and apparatus for forming an apex |
| US12330387B2 (en) | 2021-05-27 | 2025-06-17 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Method and apparatus for forming an apex |
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2003
- 2003-10-07 JP JP2003348223A patent/JP4632650B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-10-05 US US10/574,949 patent/US20070215265A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-10-05 WO PCT/JP2004/014640 patent/WO2005035230A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2004-10-05 EP EP04792051A patent/EP1683628B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS5058180A (ja) * | 1973-09-21 | 1975-05-20 | ||
| JPH03500992A (ja) * | 1987-11-13 | 1991-03-07 | ブリヂストン/フアイヤーストーン・インコーポレーテツド | ビードフイラーの組立方法 |
| JPH0541426B2 (ja) * | 1988-08-29 | 1993-06-23 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co | |
| JPH09216298A (ja) * | 1996-02-13 | 1997-08-19 | Pettibone Corp | ビードリングヘアペックスフィラーを取り付けるため の装置及び方法 |
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| JP2002187218A (ja) * | 2000-12-19 | 2002-07-02 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | 円環状ゴム状弾性部材の成形方法及びその成形装置 |
| JP2002187216A (ja) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-07-02 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | タイヤ構成ゴム部材の製造方法、及びそのタイヤ構成ゴム部材を用いた空気入りタイヤ |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1800848A1 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-06-27 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Forming method for assembly of bead core and apex rubber |
| CN1986204B (zh) * | 2005-12-21 | 2010-11-17 | 住友橡胶工业株式会社 | 胎圈芯和三角胶芯的组件的形成方法 |
| US7862674B2 (en) | 2005-12-21 | 2011-01-04 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Forming method for assembly of bead core and apex rubber |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2005111786A (ja) | 2005-04-28 |
| JP4632650B2 (ja) | 2011-02-16 |
| EP1683628A1 (en) | 2006-07-26 |
| EP1683628A4 (en) | 2008-08-06 |
| US20070215265A1 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
| EP1683628B1 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
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