Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
  • B01J2/30—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic using agents to prevent the granules sticking together; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
  • C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
  • C05C9/005—Post-treatment
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
  • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
  • C05G3/20—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for preventing the fertilisers being reduced to powder; Anti-dusting additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
  • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
  • C05G3/30—Anti-agglomerating additives; Anti-solidifying additives
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
  • E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
  • E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
  • E21F5/06—Fluids used for spraying

Definitions

• the present invention generally concerns a sugar- containing additive comprising (a) glycerol, (b) sugar- containing solution and (c) optionally raffinate derived from citric acid recovery industry, useful for controlling dust emission from particulate materials during manufacturing, handling, storage or transportation.
• a sugar- containing additive comprising (a) glycerol, (b) sugar- containing solution and (c) optionally raffinate derived from citric acid recovery industry, useful for controlling dust emission from particulate materials during manufacturing, handling, storage or transportation.
• Such particulate materials comprise fertilizers or mining products.
• Dust produced during the manufacturing, handling, transport, storage, crushing, and utilization of fining particulate-producing materials is a common problem for several industries.
• Inorganic substances such as salts of phosphates, nitrates, chlorides, sulfates, etc.
• Methods of manufacturing or processing these inorganic compounds into particles are also known. Regardless of method or nature of the compound, the resulting particulate materials can easily break into smaller particles (10 micra or smaller), often resulting in an undesirable level of particles fine enough to become airborne dust, particularly when handled, stored or transported.
• Fertilizer dust dissemination poses safety, health, environmental, housekeeping and maintenance problems for the producers, distributors and consumers. For instance fertilizer dust has raised health concerns due to human and animal inhalation thereof. It is also a concern when fertilizer dust becomes airborne what can lead to the loss of agronomic and economic value, while potentially contributing to the contamination of surface water ecosystems .
• inorganic particulates such as fertilizers
• treatment of inorganic particulates has focused on petroleum-based products, mineral oils, and waxes.
• a petroleum residue or hydrogenated mineral oil is typically sprayed onto the fertilizer in order to act as an anti-dusting agent (for instance, US 2002184933, filed by Montana Sulphur & Chemical Com (2002)).
• the application of the anti-dusting agent occurs generally during the drying step of the phosphate granules. This facilitates the complete coverage of the coating onto the fertilizer particle surface.
• urea and other fertilizers have been treated with lignosulfonates alone, or in combination with a co-additive, such as molasses.
• US5328497 filed by Georgia-Pacific Corp (1994) teaches preventing dusting and caking of fertilizer by using an aqueous solution containing lignosulphonate, sugar and urea.
• aqueous solutions of urea and lignosulfonate have low volatility, they lose their effectiveness long after application .
• JP1270583 filed by Lida Kogyosho KK (1989) refers to a granulated fertilizer formed from fine magnesium silicate powders mixed with an aqueous solution of a binder such as molasses.
• EP401550 filed by Kali Und Salz AG (1993), teaches the inhibition of dusting in pellets or granules using a solution of molasses and concentrated alkaline earth metal chloride solution.
• FR2723085 filed by Meac SA (1996), describes a fertilizer product combining a mineral support with anti-dust additives, such as mineral or vegetal oils, molasses, amines and/or water.
• JP2001158685 filed by Oji Cornstarch KK (2001), teaches a granulated fertilizer consisting of iron and steel slag, and a binder comprising saccharides and a starch powder.
• US3353949 filed by Cyanamid Co. (1967), teaches that a granular fertilizer is treated with a liquid conditioner additive selected form water-soluble sugars, such as glucose, dextrose and black strap molasses, which permits ready occlusion of nutrients.
• a liquid conditioner additive selected form water-soluble sugars, such as glucose, dextrose and black strap molasses, which permits ready occlusion of nutrients.
• US5383952 filed by Kali & Salz AG (1995), discloses a process for preventing dusting in fertilizer granules during the loading or transporting of granulates, comprising: adding to said granulates a dust-binding, liquid mixture consisting of molasses and another liquid selected from the group consisting of glycerin, polyethylene glycol, triethanolamine and the mixtures thereof. While liquid treatment compositions, such as these, may reduce the fertilizer dust levels, the liquid compositions coated on the fertilizer particles tend to promote caking of the granular fertilizer particles,
• Dust from mining industry is produced and airborne by two major mechanisms: impact or wind erosion.
• the impact can produce a substantial amount of airborne particulate matter.
• Fine particulates also are produced during stacking, crushing, milling, breaking, or reclaiming operations .
• Another method used to control dust generation is spraying the area with an oil based composition. Although quite effective at suppressing dust generation for extended periods of time, this method is not environmentally sensitive. In addition to the harm it can impose on the environment, it may pose a significant long term clean-up problem and even potential health hazards. Moreover, the oil treated substrates may adhere to vehicles attempting to travel over the treated substrate, generating unwanted clean-up, excess wear on mechanical equipment, and accelerated breakdown of the treated surface.
• a specific sugar-containing additive was developed to be used as anti-dusting agent for fertilizers and mining industry in general, which controls powder emission in several stages, for instance manufacturing, handling, storage, transportation, impact, wind erosion, stacking, crushing, milling, breaking, or reclaiming operations.
• the additive according to the present invention comprises (a) glycerol, (b) sugar-containing solution and (c) optionally raffinate derived from citric acid recovery industry .
• Glycerol (a) also known as glycerin, 1,2,3- propanetriol or 1 , 2 , 3-trihydroxypropane, is a trihydroxy sugar alcohol that is an intermediate in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism:
• the sugar-containing solution (b) may be obtained from several sources, for instance corn, sugar cane, cassava, potato, wheat, rice, etc.
• a solution may be syrup, i.e. a viscous liquid with a sugar content.
• Such a component also includes enzymatic or acid conversion syrup, independently from the conversion grade.
• Sugar is selected from carbohydrates or saccharides in general, including monosaccharides, disaccharides , oligosaccharides, polysaccharides; or mixture thereof.
• the solution (b) comprises monosaccharide such as glucose (dextrose) , fructose (levulose) , galactose, xylose or ribose; disaccharides such as sucrose, maltose or lactose; oligosaccharides such as raffinose or stachyose; polysaccharides such as or starch, amylose, amylopectin, cellulose, chitin; hydrolysates (for instance inverted sugar), derivatives or mixtures thereof.
• monosaccharide such as glucose (dextrose) , fructose (levulose) , galactose, xylose or ribose
• disaccharides such as sucrose, maltose or lactose
• the sugar- containing solution (b) may be a viscous concentrated solution of sugar, in water or other liquids (for instance alcohols) .
• a solution may also include other ingredients such as coloring agents, flavors or thickening agents .
• component (b) contains about 40% equivalent dextrose in relation to about 80% total solids.
• dextrose for instance, such an ingredient is commercialized as Glucogill 40/82 by the Cargill group in Brazil .
• Raffinate (c) is an aqueous solution effluent (for instance syrup or liquor) from fermentation processes (residuary or not) .
• Raffinate (c) is an aqueous solution comprising at least citric acid, inorganic matter (such as minerals), proteic matter and sugar matter.
• sugar matter typically includes carbohydrate selected from fructose, dextrose, maltose and/or polyol selected from arabitol, erythritol, or mixtures thereof.
• the inorganic matter is measured by analyzing ashes and typically includes nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, sodium or mixtures thereof.
• raffinate (c) may be a by-product derived from the citric acid recovery process, for instance as disclosed in the patent US 4,994,609, assigned to Cargill Inc. (1991), incorporated herein as reference.
• the raffinate (c) ingredients ratio depends on the performance of the recovery industry. In this case, a by-product without commercial application is used as raw material to the manufacture of a commercial product, also avoiding cost with waste treatment.
• the sugar-containing additive useful as anti-dust agent comprises:
• the glycerol amount is correspondently reduced, i.e. a part of glycerin is replaced by raffinate.
• the present invention also concerns a process for manufacturing an anti-dusting additive comprising the following steps of:
• Steps (ii) and (iii) may be optionally according to the requirements of the final application.
• % Brix (sugar parameter) from about 60 to about 80, particularly about 70-75.
• Viscosity a minimum of about 100 and a maximum of about 100,000 cP (at 25°C) , particularly about
• the % Brix is analyzed by a refractometer .
• the viscosity is measured by cooling the sample at 25 °C and 20 rpm in a Brookfield viscometer DV I.
• the sugar-containing additive according to the present invention may also comprise other ingredients well known in the art, such as surfactants, biocides, pH adjusters, thickeners, etc.
• the inorganic fertilizers treated in accordance with the present invention include, without any limitation, for instance the compounds disclosed in the handbook The Fertilizer Encyclopedia (2009) or Merck Index: 13th edition (2006), also incorporated herein by reference.
• Exemplary compounds include phosphates, such as ammonium phosphate, including monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and diammonium phosphate (DAP) , and single and triple superphosphates, nitrates, such as ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate, sulfates, such as ammonium sulfate, and potassium magnesium sulfate, chlorides such as potassium chloride, limestone, dolomite and mixtures thereof.
• MAP monoammonium phosphate
• DAP diammonium phosphate
• nitrates such as ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate
• sulfates such as ammonium sulfate
• potassium magnesium sulfate chlorides such as potassium chloride,
• Mining products include, without any limitation, for instance coal, petroleum coke, minerals or metals.
• the present invention also concerns to the use of the additive as described above as anti-dusting agent for mining industry, particularly to avoid powder from impact or wind erosion, or a method for reducing dust emission. This method is particularly useful to avoid dust from impact or wind erosion or during stacking, crushing, milling, breaking, or reclaiming operations.
• the present invention also concerns to the use of the additive as described above as anti- dusting agent for fertilizers or a method for reducing dust emission from fertilizers during manufacturing, transportation or application that comprises applying a dust reducing amount of an additive as described above.
• This method is particularly useful for producing a particulate fertilizer having reduced dust emission content compared to particulate fertilizers with additives such as petroleum-based coating agents, oils, by-products such as molasses or vinasses with uncontrolled sugar contend.
• Particulate fertilizers are manufactured according to processes well known to those skilled in the art, such as crystallization techniques or recovered naturally in a granular form can be treated to reduce fugitive dust emission in accordance with the method of the present invention.
• a raffinate sample was obtained from the citric acid recovery process disclosed in the patent US 4,994,609, assigned to Cargill Inc. (1991) . Such an ingredient was evaluated in order to identify organic and mineral contents.
• Organic elements detected in the sample include Table 2- Raffinate characteristics: organic elements
• the analyzed sample also contains solids (15%) and trace ingredients ( ⁇ 100ppm) .
• a sample of the anti-dusting additive was prepared by:
• step (b) mixing 6 kg of the raffinate obtained in the step (a) with 4 kg of a glucose syrup, commercialized as Glucogill 40/82, until complete homogenization .
• Viscosity about 1, 900 cP (250°C) .

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Fertilizers (AREA)

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Cited By (2)

Citations (17)

• 2012
  • 2012-08-30 WO PCT/BR2012/000323 patent/WO2014032131A1/fr not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (17)

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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