WO2014167231A2 - Procédé de dépôt d'un revêtement photocatalytique, revêtements, matériaux textiles et utilisation en photocatalyse associes - Google Patents
Procédé de dépôt d'un revêtement photocatalytique, revêtements, matériaux textiles et utilisation en photocatalyse associes Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014167231A2 WO2014167231A2 PCT/FR2014/050822 FR2014050822W WO2014167231A2 WO 2014167231 A2 WO2014167231 A2 WO 2014167231A2 FR 2014050822 W FR2014050822 W FR 2014050822W WO 2014167231 A2 WO2014167231 A2 WO 2014167231A2
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/08—Silica
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/06—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing polymers
- B01J31/069—Hybrid organic-inorganic polymers, e.g. silica derivatized with organic groups
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
- B01J35/45—Nanoparticles
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
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- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/44—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table; Zincates; Cadmates
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- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/45—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table; Aluminates
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- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/46—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table; Titanates; Zirconates; Stannates; Plumbates
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- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/47—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table; Vanadates; Niobates; Tantalates; Arsenates; Antimonates; Bismuthates
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- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/48—Oxides or hydroxides of chromium, molybdenum or tungsten; Chromates; Dichromates; Molybdates; Tungstates
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- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/49—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 8, 9,10 or 18 of the Periodic Table; Ferrates; Cobaltates; Nickelates; Ruthenates; Osmates; Rhodates; Iridates; Palladates; Platinates
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- D06M11/51—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof
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- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
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- D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
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- D06M23/08—Processes in which the treating agent is applied in powder or granular form
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of photocatalysis thereof. More specifically, the invention relates to a process for preparing a coating having photocatalytic properties of degradation of chemical or biological agents, coatings with photocatalytic properties ,. Textile supports and materials covered with a te! coating and the use of such coatings, supports or textile materials for p otocataiysis,
- the field of photocatalysis is particularly applicable in depoilution in the broad sense.
- Various solutions have already been proposed, for example, for imparting photocatalytic properties to textile-type supports.
- the patent application WO 2009/068833 in the name of PORCHER describes fibers comprising a coating incorporating particles of titanium dioxide.
- the coating is, in the examples, consisting of a fluoropolymer, a commercial silicone or an acrylic polymer.
- a fluoropolymer can be considered as a non-destructible matrix which traps the titanium dioxide particles which can not therefore fully fulfill their role of photocatalyst.
- the inventors of the present patent application have demonstrated that it generates pollutants by reiargage organic groups present in the silicone matrix.
- the same problem is encountered with the coatings described in the patent application WO 2007/078555 which proposes textile supports for the interior upholstery of cars on which a treatment based on a polyacrylic binder and TsO 2 particles is applied.
- the application WO 2010/001056 also describes a silicone elastomer substrate coated with at least one antifouling film composed of a silicone coating incorporating an active photocatalyst.
- This antifouling film is formed with alkenylsilanes and the inventors of the present patent application have demonstrated (see Comparative Example 3) that such silicones with a methoxysilane matrix exhibit low p otocatalytic activity. especially because of the vinyl group which generates many intermediates during its degradation.
- One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a coating, and an associated method, which has good photocatalytic properties and which allows, in a general manner, to improve the coatings as previously described and proposed in the prior art. .
- the coating according to the invention must be adapted for the treatment of flexible supports such as textiles.
- this object is achieved by using a porous silicone coating in which particles of semiconductor material are homogeneously distributed and; are available to serve as a pollutant trap without causing degradation of the support material when it is organic.
- the invention makes it possible to achieve such an objective by proposing a method for depositing a photocatalytic coating on a support comprising the following steps: a) have d f an aqueous suspension and / or alcoholic solution of nanoparticles of a semiconductor material,
- Another objective of the invention is to provide coatings having a stability and a sufficiently long service life. Also, according to an advantageous implementation of the method according to the invention, it comprises an additional step e) after the drying operation, consisting in providing illumination of the coating obtained after drying . at least one wavelength causing activation of the semiconductor material, so as to remove at least 3% of the organic groups initially present in the coating and bonded to the silicon atoms by Si-C bond.
- illumination is carried out, so as not to eliminate any organic groups bonded to the silicon atoms by bond Si ⁇ C
- Liilumination is, for example, conducted until the stoppage of the release of organic compounds by the Such a stoppage can notably be observed after concentration on adsorbent and desorption of pollutants, by chromatographic analysis.
- the resulting coating is then totally stable and avoids the coating itself generates contaminants.
- the illumination may be performed by immersing the clans coating an aqueous solution, especially water, preferably in ultrapure water, ultrapure
- aqueous solution especially water, preferably in ultrapure water, ultrapure
- An example of water that can be used in the scope of the invention is marketed by MilliQ, and is characterized by a resistivity of i8 f 3 MQxm, Immersion This moves effectively into the aqueous solution of organic compounds generated by Its degradation of organic groups bonded to silicon atoms per iialson If Thus, after removal of all the organic compounds in contact with the photocatalyst, access to the latter is favored for external pollutants.
- Illumination is carried out by placing the coating in a medium maintained at a temperature in the range of 0 to 80 ° C., especially in the range of 20 to 30 ° C.
- a medium will notably be an aqueous solution, for example water, especially ultrapure water. But, it could very well be considered to achieve illumination by placing the coating in a gaseous atmosphere; air, oxygen, nitrogen, argon ...
- the iliuminatlon is preferably carried out under UV ,, A, 8 and / or C, preferably at at least one wavelength or over a range of wavelengths belonging to the range of 200 to 400 nm preferably with an intensity of from 1 mW / cm 2 to 100 W / cm 2 , preferably from 3 to 10 mW / cm 2 ( in particular for a period of 10 minutes to 48 hours, and preferably during:
- the illumination conditions are adapted by those skilled in the art to obtain the desired rate of removal of organic groups bonded to silicon atoms by Si-C bonding.
- the soil used in step b) can be obtained according to any known technique. Nevertheless, preferably, the soil is in acid solution. In this case f hydrolysis of organcsflane, this is dir introducing Si-GH groups is obtained at a pH of less than 7, preferably less than 3, obtained for example by adding acid hydrochloric.
- the sol may be in aqueous solution, or in an aqueous solution / alcohol mixture (called hydro-alcoholic solution) or only in an alcohol.
- alcohol mention may be made of methane, ethanol, and the like. propanol, isopropanol and polyols.
- the organosilane may be obtained from monosilylated and / or polysiloxinated precursors, for example selected from organotrialkoxysilanes, organotrichlorosilanes, organotris (metbally) silanes, ortfanotrihydrogensianes, di-organosllanes such as diorganodialkoxy or dichlorosilanes.
- precursors for example selected from organotrialkoxysilanes, organotrichlorosilanes, organotris (metbally) silanes, ortfanotrihydrogensianes, di-organosllanes such as diorganodialkoxy or dichlorosilanes.
- di-organosllanes such as diorganodialkoxy or dichlorosilanes.
- the organosilane allows the introduction of organic groups bonded Si ⁇ C in the coating.
- step b) dlliumination uses the technique known as the process sol-gel which makes it possible to manufacture an organic-inorganic hybrid polymer by simple chemical reactions and at a temperature close to ambient temperature, generally at a temperature in the range from 10 to 150.degree. C., and preferably at room temperature. range from 20 to 40 ° C, for the preparation of the self.
- the variation of the experimental parameters such as temperature, precursor concentration or solvent composition makes it possible to modulate the final structure of the coating obtained.
- a hydrolyzed organosilane per se in aqueous, alcoholic or aqueous-alcoholic consists of a colloidal suspension of nanoparticuies oligomers of organohydroxysllane a few nanometers in diameter.
- the condensation is then continued to form a polymer gel loaded with solvent, it is the sol-gel transition, the shaping of the coating and thus the deposition on the surface is carried out during this step.
- Gelification occurs at the time of deposition upon evaporation of the solvent and contacting the silicate oligomers.
- Any deposition technique well known to those skilled in the art can be used: soaking, spraying, centrifugation, deposition by means of a doctor blade or a brush.
- the solvent is then completely removed from the material by a drying step, possibly accompanied by a cooking step.
- a drying step possibly accompanied by a cooking step.
- Such a heat treatment makes it possible to completely complete the drying and the condensation of the species in the layer.
- the coating is subjected to a drying operation, so as to obtain the degree of condensation of 90 to 100%.
- This drying can be carried out at a temperature in the range from 20 to 500 ° C, and preferably 80 to 200 ° C, for example for a period of 30 seconds to a week, and preferably 2 minutes to 20 hours.
- the organic groups bonded to the silicon atoms bonded via the Si-C bond in the organosilane constituting the organic acid are chosen from alkyl groups having in particular from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example methyl, ethyl, n-propyte iso-propyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl; aryl groups, for example phenyl; and the vinyl group.
- alkyl groups having in particular from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example methyl, ethyl, n-propyte iso-propyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl; aryl groups, for example phenyl; and the vinyl group.
- the organosilane compound used which will be mixed with the suspension of semiconductor nanoparticles has a condensation level of 20 to 95%, preferably 70 to 90%, and / or a solids content of from 1 to 80%. % by weight, and preferably from 5 to 50% by weight.
- the rate of condensation (Te) of the soil can be determined by liquid NMR of 29 Si. This technique makes it possible to follow the evolution of the inorganic network $ i ⁇ G ⁇ SL
- these are dispersed with an o-carboxylic acid such as acetic acid or a mineral acid such as phosphoric acid, with preferably a mass percentage of nanoparticles relative to the total mass of the dispersion of 1 to 70%, and preferably 5 to 30%.
- an o-carboxylic acid such as acetic acid or a mineral acid such as phosphoric acid
- a mass percentage of nanoparticles relative to the total mass of the dispersion of 1 to 70%, and preferably 5 to 30%.
- the suspension and the soil will be formed with the same solvents: water, alcohol or water / alcohol mixture.
- the deposited mixture obtained from the suspension of nanoparticles of a semiconductor material and the self preferably comprises from 1 to 70% by weight, and preferably from 5 to 30% by weight of semiconductor material, in general; the deposited mixture comprises a mass ratio of silicic species / semiconductor material of 80/20 to 20/80 and preferably of 67/33 to 33/67, and preferably of 60/40 to 40/60.
- the deposited mixture does not comprise a tensleactant acting as a blowing agent.
- the deposited mixture does not contain nitrogen compounds and the coating does not contain nitrogen.
- semiconductor material is understood to mean any material whose electronic structure corresponds to a valence band and a conduction band characterized by a difference in energy called a forbidden band or a band .
- gap When a semiconductor material receives a photon of energy greater than or equal to the forbidden band of this material, an electron-hole pair is created in the material, the nanoparticles of semiconductor material present in the coatings according to the invention.
- the invention can be used to generate oxidation-reduction reactions with organic compounds in contact with the semiconductor material, for photocatalytic degradation of these compounds.
- the semiconductor material used in the context of the invention has photocatalytic properties of degradation of organic compounds, in particular chemical or biological agents.
- the nanoparticles of semiconductor material advantageously have a larger size in the range from 5 to 10 nm.
- the nanoparticles of semiconductor material are, for example, TiC nanoparticles. , ZnO, Sn0 2f WQ 3 , FezCb, B s, $ ruC3 ⁇ 4, CdS, SIC or Ce0 2 or a mixture of nanoparticles.
- Nanoparticles composed of more than 50% by weight, or even exclusively, TiOi anatase are preferred. It is possible, for example, to use particles composed of a rutile / anatase mixture.
- the Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is a wide-band semiconductor with high chemical and photocenic stability.
- the absorption band of T1Q 2 corresponds to a wavelength of 400 nm (UV range).
- doped TiO 2 nanoparticles for example carbon or nitrogen
- Such nanoparticles of semiconductor material are also known for their UV protection properties.
- the coatings according to the invention, obtained or not after illumination step e) can be used for UV protection.
- the subject of the present invention is also coatings composed of a polysiloxane, some of the silicon atoms of which are bonded by S 1 -C to at least one organic group, and in which nanoparticles of a semiconductor material are distributed. , characterized in that they are porous, and in particular have a macroporosity, or even a mesoporosity and / or in that their illumination when the latter are immersed in an aqueous solution, in particular water uitrapure, n ' leads to no elimination of organic groups present in the coating and bonded by Si-C bond to the silicon atoms.
- such illumination can be carried out with UV-A, UV-B or UV-C from 1 mW / cm 2 to 100 W / cm 2 , preferably 3 to 10 mW / cm 2 , for 10 minutes to 48 hours, preferably for a period of 5 to 2 hours. hours at a temperature between 0 and 80 ° C f preferably between 20 and 30 ° C.
- ambient e.g. 22 ° C
- ambient e.g. 22 ° C
- the coatings according to the invention comprise a porous slcone matrix trapping nanoparticles of a semiconductor material.
- the macroporosity present on the surface and in the bulk of the coating renders available nanoparticles of semi-conductive material for the trapping of organic pollutants.
- silicon atoms present in the coatings according to the invention are bonded to a carbon atom by bond Si-C
- the organic groups bonded by the Si-bond to the polysiloxane matrix confer its flexibility to the coating.
- the organic groups bonded to Si-C bonded silicon atoms are preferably chosen from alkyl groups having in particular 1 to 6 carbon atoms. carbon, for example methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl; aryl groups, for example phenyl; and the vinyl group.
- the organic groups bonded to the silicon atoms by Si-C bonds are preferably of the methyl or ethyl type.
- the coatings according to the invention comprise, in particular, from 1 to 90% by weight, and preferably from 30 to 70% by weight of semiconductor material.
- the nanoparticles of semiconductor material generally have a larger size in the range from 5 to 100 nm.
- the nanoparticles of semiconductor material are, for example, nanoparticles of TiO 2, ZnO, SnO 2, WC 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3, SrTi 4, CdS, SIC or Ce ( 3 ⁇ 4 or a mixture of such nanoparticles, the nanoparticles composed of more than 50% by weight, or even exclusively, of ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 anatase being preferred
- the nanoparticles of semiconductor material are nanoparticles of ⁇ 1 ⁇ 4, ZnO, SnOz , W (3 ⁇ 4, Fe 2 O 3, B12Q3, SrTi0 3f CdS, or a mixture of such nanoparticles, and the ratio of Sl atoms to metal atoms of the nanoparticles of semiconductor material is in the range from 0.3 / 1 to 5/1, preferably 1.2 / 1. li
- the coatings according to the invention are flexible. Their flexibility can be evaluated by their ability to be folded at an angle of 30 ° without breaking, when they are deposited on a support itself flexible, In particular, the presence of the coating on a flexible support does not significantly change ( causing a variation of less than 5%) the force required to bend the support at an angle of 30 °,
- the coatings according to the invention have a surface roughness.
- the coatings according Ilnvention comprise at least 90 mass%., And preferably consist exclusively, of a polysiloxane matrix which at least some of the silicon atoms are bonded by bonding SL- C to organic groups and nanoparticles of a semi-conducting material,
- the invention also relates to coatings that can be obtained according to the method defined in the context of the invention, regardless of its implementation variant.
- a coating having a porosity with the presence of a niacroporosity, and most often both a macroporosity and Mesoporosis in the case of TlGj particles is obtained.
- the presence of such porosity will serve as a trap for pollutants and increase the availability of nanoparticles of semiconductor material of the coating.
- the presence of a macroporosity, or even a mesoporosity can be determined by observation of the images of the surface of the coating by scanning electron microscopy.
- a macroporosity can be defined as corresponding to the presence of pores of diameter greater than 50 nm and the mesoporosity to the presence of pores with a diameter of between 2 nm and 50 nm.
- the diameter of a pore corresponds to the greatest distance measured between the internal surfaces of a cavity corresponding to a pore present in the coating, by observation of the images of the surface of the coating by scanning electron microscopy, the surface porosity and the porosity in the mass of the coating are substantially identical.
- the adsorption analyzes of gases, in particular nitrogen, by the BEI technique (Brunauer, Emmett and Telier) also make it possible to confirm the presence of a porosity of the macroporosity type or of the mixed macro / meso type. Such measurements are made on the powder obtained by scraping the deposited coating.
- Fig. 1 is a photograph obtained by scanning electron microscopy of the coating according to Example I below. Because of the presence of a porosity, the coating obtained according to Example i below has a surface roughness, as is apparent from Figure 1B.
- Stage e) of treatment under illumination makes it possible to obtain coatings with optimal p otocatalytic properties: it makes it possible to eliminate the organic groups bonded to the silicon atoms which are located near the nanoparticles of semiconductor material and will thereby allow to generate a more stable material, which does not go (or in a very limited way depending on the rate of elimination) itself generate contaminants during its use.
- the coating obtained has a mixed porosity corresponding on the one hand to a porosity of the macroporosity type or the mixed macro / mesoporosity type, and on the other hand to a microporosity generated by the elimination of the organic groups located near the nanoparticles of semi material. -driver.
- FIG. 2 First of all, a macroporosity or a mixed macro / meso porosity is formed thanks to the self-assembly of the nanoparticles. of semiconductor material (Ii (3 ⁇ 4 in the example illustrated in FIG.
- a microporosity is generated by the degradation of the Si-bonded organic groups -C to the silicon atoms of the polysiloxane network in contact with the nanoparticles of sem material i-conductor (T1C3 ⁇ 4 in the example illustrated in FIG. 2) by virtue of the application of a UY preprocessing ⁇
- the treatment step under irradiation thus has a dual function of eliminating organic groups that may be degraded by nanoparticles of semiconductor material and generating a microporosity that will increase the active exchange surface available, during subsequent use. coating. Both contribute to significantly improve the photocatalytic activity obtained.
- the coatings according to the invention can be used in photocatalysis.
- the photocatalytic degradation from the coatings according to the invention can be carried out at -10 to 150 ° C., for example at room temperature (20 ° to 30 ° C.).
- This degradation can be obtained from the coating under natural illumination. or artificial ,, for example under exposure to visible light and / 'or ultraviolet radiation.
- ultraviolet radiation is meant an illumination of wavelength less than 400 nm, and for example between 350 and 390 nm in the particular case of UV-A radiation.
- visible light we The term "uncle length” is understood to mean between 400 and 50 nm, and in the case of solar, is meant an illumination comprising a small portion of UV-A and a large part of visible, with a spectral distribution simulating that of the sun. or being that of the sun. Illumination will be performed at at least one selected wavelength to activate the semiconductor material.
- the coatings according to the invention can be used to eliminate volatile organic compounds (VOCs), gases, odors, molds, living organisms such as fungi, bacteria and viruses.
- VOCs volatile organic compounds
- the coatings according to the invention may be applied to substrates of inorganic or organic nature, for example of the textile, paper, plastic, polymer, ceramic, glass or metal surface type.
- Coated substrates may be flexible, such as textiles, certain plastic supports or papers in particular, or rigid, such as glass, certain plastic or polymeric supports, metal surfaces. In the case of rigid substrates, the process according to the invention makes it possible to provide porous coatings with satisfactory photocatalysis properties.
- the irradiation step is carried out in an accelerated manner, by applying sufficient illumination or the illumination performed during the use of the coating or carrier, it creates an additional microporosity improving still the photocatalytic properties, with respect in particular to a coating which would be made in a matrix consisting solely of polysiloxane, without an organic group.
- the coatings and coated substrates according to the invention can be used for the photocatalytic decomposition of any type of organic compounds based on C, H, 0, etc. It may be dirt or soil, or any other type of compounds depending on the intended applications.
- the coatings may be applied to fibers or textiles to form, for example, technical fabrics, fabrics for furniture, medical fabrics, automotive upholstery or public transportation.
- the coatings according to the invention may be used in various applications, such as surface cleaning, water treatment, air purification, for the constitution of coating self-cleaning, particularly in the field of lighting, automobile, or household appliances,
- the subject of the present invention is therefore also a textile material or, more generally, a support covered with a coating according to the invention.
- the coating will be placed on the textile material, by performing the step of depositing step c) of the process. according to the invention directly on the material to be covered.
- the presence of the polysiloxane matrix ensures the protection of the textile or more generally of the support which carries the coating, avoiding that the latter, even if it is of organic nature, is degraded by the action semi-conducting material.
- the existing connection between the support and the coating is done by the link Intermediate Si-O.
- the invention also relates to the use of a coating, a support, or a textile material defined in the context of the invention, for the photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds, in particular biological or chemical agents. ,
- Figs 1A and SB are images of scanning electron microscopy (EB) of the surface and a section of the coating obtained in Example L
- Figures IC and iD show the analysis curves obtained by the BEI technique (Srunauer, Emmett and Telier) respectively of the coating obtained in Example 1, before and after UV treatment,
- FIG. 3 shows the degradation kinetics of the chemical acid obtained with the coating of the excimer, as a function of the UV exposure time.
- FIG. 4 represents the kinetics of degradation of the formic acid, obtained in Example 2, as a function of the exposure time UV and according to the weight% of SiO 2 coming from the soil without organic matter.
- Figures SA, SB, BC and 50 are scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the surface of the coatings obtained in Examples 3-a, 3-b, 3-c and 3-d, respectively,
- the figure ? shows the evolution of the degradation of formic acid as a function of UV irradiation time, obtained in Example 4, according to the condensation rate of the hybrid soil used.
- Figures 8A and SB are Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of the surface of the coatings obtained in Examples 5a and 5b, respectively.
- Figure 9 shows changes in the degradation of formic acid as a function of UV irradiation time obtained in Example 5 according to the nature of the organic group used the hybrid sol.
- Figs. 10A and 10B are scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the surface and a section of the material obtained in Example 6,
- FIG. 11 represents the kinetics of degradation of formic acid as a function of the UV exposure time, obtained in Example 7.
- Figure 13 shows the kinetics of formic acid degradation as a function of UV exposure time with the materials of Example 8, compared with those of Example L
- 29 Si RN analyzes are performed using a Bruker DRX4GQ spectrometer at room temperature. Liquid MN measurements of silicon 29 (79.49 MHz) are recorded using a pulse duration of 8 is. The recycling time is 5s. The samples are placed in a 5 mm diameter tube containing a 1 mm capillary filled with deuterated acetone (D6) and Tetramethylsilyan (TMS). 128 scans are accumulated for each sample. The MestReMova program is used to estimate the percentage distribution of different species present in hybrid sol-gel materials.
- D6 deuterated acetone
- TMS Tetramethylsilyan
- Spectra were recorded on a 500MHz WB Avance III Bruker speeterometer equipped with a 4mm DVT probe.
- the resonance frequencies are 500 ; 16 MHz for the J H and 99.35 MHz for the 29 SL
- the rotation speed at the magic angle is 10 KHz
- the analysis is performed by direct excitation with proton decoupling (spinal decoupling S ⁇ KHz) with a relaxation time of 300 s and a number of scans of 200.
- the samples are dissolved by acid attack bomb (H2SO - H O3 + HP) and heating in an oven at 150 ° C for 12 hours,
- the dosage of the elements ⁇ and Si is done by ÎCP-OES (Inductively Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry).
- the analyzes are carried out on a "Activa" device of Jobin Yvon brand. It covers a spectral range from 160 nm to 800 nm.
- the SEM images are made on a FEI Quanta 25 ⁇ FEG device equipped with a Bruker SDD detector.
- the working parameters were as follows:
- the high-pressure liquid chromatography system includes a VarianProstar Mode! 410 and a UWarianProstar 330 PDA photodiode array detector adjusted to 210 nm.
- the method of separation of the molecules used is ion chromatography with a H + cation exchange column (Sarasep CAR-H 7.8 mm x 300 mm) effective for the separation of organic acids and alcohols, the solvent used as phase Mobile is H2SO4 at 5, i0 ⁇ 3 M with a flow rate of 0.7 ml min- 1
- the volume injected from the sample is 20 ⁇ l.
- the porosity is studied by nitrogen adsorption / desorption at liquid nitrogen temperature (77K).
- the nitrogen adsorption / desorption adsorption is obtained by a Micromerstics ⁇ SAP 2010 device. Before the analysis, the samples are degassed. under vacuum at a temperature of 350 ° C for 7 hours.
- a titanium dioxide paste ( ⁇ 2) is prepared by mixing 0.83 g of commercial nanoparticles (P-25 Degussa, crystalline form anatase / rutile in a ratio between 70/30 and 80/20, size between 25 and 35 nm The resulting paste is then dispersed in 6.7 ml of ethanol by sonication for 1 minute.
- the sol used has a solids content representing 34% by weight of the total mass of the soil and a condensation rate of 88%.
- the solution is sonicated again for one minute before being applied to the substrates.
- the resulting solution is ultimately made of 10% silica by mass and is charged to 10% by mass of titanium dioxide nanoparticles.
- This solution has a SiCVT10 mass ratio. 50/50.
- the solution is deposited on silicon substrates (with a surface of 9 cm -1 ) by dip-coating at a speed of 50 mm / min
- the film obtained is dried in an oven at 120 ° C. for 20 hours.
- photocatalyst of about 300 nm in thickness and having a macroporosity and a mesoporosity with pores of random distribution in shape and size (with pore diameters between 20 and 400 nm) is thus obtained.
- This porosity will serve as a trap for pollutants and increase the availability of nanoparticles of T 1 ⁇ 4 of the film.
- Figures SA and IB are scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the surface and a section of the resulting coating.
- FIGS. 1C and 1C show the analysis curves obtained by the BEI technique (Brunauer, Emmett and Teifer) respectively of the coating obtained before and after UV treatment and also make it possible to confirm the presence of such mixed porosity, before and after treatment. UV. These curves confirm the presence of a macroporosity and a mesoporosity. On the other hand, the values present below 2 nm are not significant and are not representative of the presence of a mscroporosity, because they are located below the reliable and quantifiable threshold of detection of the apparatus.
- BEI technique Brunauer, Emmett and Teifer
- the substrate is totally immersed in water. This treatment destroyed the methyl groups ia silica matrix close nanoparticles " ⁇ 2. S should be noted that the same results are observed with a UVA irradiation treatment.
- the photocatalytic activity of the material obtained is evaluated in an aqueous medium by following the degradation of a po ⁇ uant (formic acid) as a function of the UV exposure time,
- the photocatalytic degradation tests were carried out using a UV lamp (Philips HPK lamp 25W) and a refrigeration system which prevents overheating of the lamp.
- a water tank equipped with optical filters is positioned in front of the lamp to prevent overheating and to select the wavelengths emitted by the lamp.
- Pyrex optical filters are used to cut wavelengths below 290 nm.
- aqueous solution of 30 ml of formic acid (AF) at a concentration of 50 ppm is introduced into the photoreactor.
- a stirring system is used to homogenize the aqueous phase.
- the formic acid solution is stirred in the dark for half an hour before irradiation in order to reach the adsorption equilibrium.
- the photocatalytic test is performed at room temperature (20 ° C). Samples are taken every 30 minutes for six hours.
- the degradation of the formic acid during the irradiation time is monitored by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Thus, a rate of degradation of formic acid (AF) in ppm / min can be determined.
- HPLC high performance liquid chromatography
- Figure 3 clearly demonstrates the importance of the UVC pre-treatment of films which allows complete removal of the pollutant in 3 hours.
- An untreated sample degrades 87% of the AF in 6 hours.
- the rate of degradation is almost tripled from 0.16 ppm / min to 0.44 ppm / min of AF destroyed.
- the organic group concentration of the film (from the hybrid silica sol) is modulated by adding different amounts of an organic-free silica,
- This sol is synthesized by acid hydrolysis of precursors SiCO-Q Qy ⁇ Its dry extract is 18% and its condensation rate of 80%,
- FIG. 4 represents the kinetics of degradation of the formic acid as a function of the exposure time UV and according to the weight% of SiO.sub.2 coming from the organic self.
- Ta feati 3 summarizes the degradation rates obtained. Table 3
- the weight of nanoparticles of Si / Si in the final solution is used.
- 5A f S, SC and SB are scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the surface of the coatings obtained in Examples 3 ⁇ a, 3-b, 3-c and 3-d. These images show a macroporosity and a mesoporosity with random pores in shape and size (with pore diameters between 20 and 600 nm).
- FIG. 1 the evolution of the formic acid degradation as a function of the UV irradiation time according to the degree of condensation of the hybrid soil used.
- the photocatalytic activity was studied in each of the cases before (COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 and 2) and after the UVC pretreatment (EXAMPLE 1 and EXAMPLE 4), the Talsiaa S summarizes the degradation rates obtained.
- the rate of self-condensation is an important parameter of synthesis for non-pre-treated materials.
- a self with a lower condensation rate will create more bonds with the hydroxyl groups present on the surface of TIO2 and thus reduce the number of active sites of the photocatalyst,
- silica sols comprising vinyl and propyl-type organic groups were tested.
- the hybrid sol having propyl groups is synthesized by acid hydrolysis precursors CH3-CH2-CH2 ⁇ S! (0-CH 2 CH 3) 3
- the synthesis procedure is the same as the hybrid self S described in EXAMPLE i.
- the soil used has a solids content of 28% and a condensation rate of 62%.
- the hybrid itself having groups v 'myie is synthesized by acid hydrolysis of precursors According to the following protocol: 12 mol of acidified water at 10 g / L in citric acid at 1 mol of the preceding precursor is added.
- the solution is heated at 35 ° C. for 17 hours.
- the alcohol is removed by distillation under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator. Two phases are formed, the aqueous phase above is removed.
- Figures 1A and 5B are scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the surface of the coatings obtained in Examples 5-a and S-b. These images reveal random pores in shape and size (with pore diameters between 20 and 500 nm for Figuras SA and Si),
- FIG. 4 shows the evolution of the degradation of formic acid as a function of UV irradiation time depending on the nature of the The photocatalytic activity was studied in each case before (COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1, 3 and 4) and after the UVC pretreatment (EXAMPLES 1, 5-a and 5-b). the degradation rates obtained.
- Figures 11 and 10 are scanning electron microscopy (HEB) images of the surface and a section of the resulting material.
- HEB scanning electron microscopy
- the film has a random macroporosity in shape and size ranging from about 200 nm to about 1400 nm. This macroporosity is greater than that of H1m composed of nanoparticles of T G2 (between 50 and 300 nm). The thickness of the deposit is about 200 nm.
- EXAMPLE 1 The results obtained in EXAMPLE 1 are compared with a pocatalytic paper sold by Ahlstrom (ref. 1048) composed of coated fibers.
- TiO 2 PC500, Miilenium company, anatase> 99%, size between 5 and 10 nm
- the photocatalytic activity is evaluated according to the method described in FIG. 1, which represents the kinetics of formic acid degradation as a function of the UV exposure time.
- Table 7 summarizes the degradation rates obtained.
- Example ⁇ comprises a protective silica matrix, it is found that it leads to a photocatalytic activity comparable to the commercial product of Axstrorn, a reference product in the field.
- the synthesis protocol is identical to that of EXAMPLE 1.
- the solution is deposited on two different textile substrates: a fabric consisting of polyethylene nonwoven fibers (PE) and a fabric composed of polyethylene terephthalate woven fibers, coated with a pofyurethane (PU) varnish,
- PE polyethylene nonwoven fibers
- PU pofyurethane
- Figure 12 shows scanning electron microscopy (EB) images of the surface and the section of the materials obtained in both cases (PE and PU),
- the coatings deposited on the textile supports retain their porous structuring.
- the deposited thicknesses are more important, about 2 ⁇ for the PE and 6 pm for the PU.
- the coatings thus prepared are treated by irradiation UVC (irradiation box, A ⁇ 254 nm) at a luminous intensity of 6 mW / cm 2 for 27 hours. When (Irradiation, Its substrates are totally immersed in water "
- the evaluation of the photocatalytic activity of the materials is carried out according to the method described in ⁇ i.
- the activity of these flexible supports before e after UV treatment is compared with those of a coating deposited on an inorganic silicon substrate (Si, EXAMPLE!).
- Figure 13 shows the kinetics of formic acid degradation as a function of the UV exposure time.
- Example 1 it can be seen that the photocatalytic activity of flexible materials is greatly improved by the application of UV pre-treatment.
- the effectiveness of the substrates treated under UV is quite comparable to that of a film deposited on inorganic support, the photocatalytic solution is therefore transferable to organic supports.
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Abstract
Description
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| JP2016507035A JP6404324B2 (ja) | 2013-04-08 | 2014-04-07 | 光触媒コーティングを付着させる方法および関連するコーティング、テキスタイル材料および光触媒反応における使用 |
| CN201480020161.5A CN105102138A (zh) | 2013-04-08 | 2014-04-07 | 沉积光催化涂层的方法和光催化中的相关涂层、纺织材料以及其用途 |
| CA2907818A CA2907818A1 (fr) | 2013-04-08 | 2014-04-07 | Procede de depot d'un revetement photocatalytique,revetements, materiaux textiles et utilisation en photocatalyse associes |
| US14/775,143 US20160040353A1 (en) | 2013-04-08 | 2014-04-07 | Method for depositing a photocatalytic coating and related coatings, textile materials and use in photocatalysis |
| EP14720191.7A EP2983837A2 (fr) | 2013-04-08 | 2014-04-07 | Procédé de dépôt d'un revêtement photocatalytique, revêtements, matériaux textiles et utilisation en photocatalyse associes |
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| KR101989380B1 (ko) * | 2017-02-16 | 2019-06-14 | 한국원자력연구원 | 방사성 세슘 흡착제 및 이를 이용한 방사성 세슘 및 유기오염물질 제거방법 |
| KR102160108B1 (ko) | 2017-12-28 | 2020-09-25 | 한국원자력연구원 | 방사성 세슘 흡착제 및 이를 이용한 방사성 세슘의 제거방법 |
| CN115536286B (zh) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-04-26 | 北京科技大学 | TiO2和SiO2复合纳米涂层、制备及应用 |
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2013
- 2013-04-08 FR FR1353122A patent/FR3004130B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-04-07 CN CN201480020161.5A patent/CN105102138A/zh active Pending
- 2014-04-07 EP EP14720191.7A patent/EP2983837A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-04-07 US US14/775,143 patent/US20160040353A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-04-07 JP JP2016507035A patent/JP6404324B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-04-07 WO PCT/FR2014/050822 patent/WO2014167231A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2014-04-07 CA CA2907818A patent/CA2907818A1/fr not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007078555A1 (fr) | 2005-12-21 | 2007-07-12 | Milliken & Company | Substrat a composants au charbon actif et photocatalytiques et procede de production |
| WO2009068833A1 (fr) | 2007-11-14 | 2009-06-04 | Porcher Industries | Element souple et ignifuge pourvu d'un revetement photocatalytique, son utilisation dans un espace interieur et son procede de fabrication |
| WO2009118479A2 (fr) | 2008-03-06 | 2009-10-01 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique | Fibres textiles ayant des propriétés photocatalytiques de dégradation d'agents chimiques ou biologiques, procédé de préparation et utilisation à la photocatalyse |
| WO2010001056A2 (fr) | 2008-07-02 | 2010-01-07 | Bluestar Silicones France Sas | Substrat elastomere silicone revetu d'un film anti-salissures contenant un promoteur de photocatalyse et support comprenant un substrat ainsi revetu |
| WO2010010231A1 (fr) | 2008-07-22 | 2010-01-28 | Ahlstrom Corporation | Carreau acoustique |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2907818A1 (fr) | 2014-10-16 |
| WO2014167231A4 (fr) | 2015-02-05 |
| US20160040353A1 (en) | 2016-02-11 |
| FR3004130B1 (fr) | 2015-12-11 |
| JP6404324B2 (ja) | 2018-10-10 |
| FR3004130A1 (fr) | 2014-10-10 |
| WO2014167231A3 (fr) | 2014-12-11 |
| JP2016523688A (ja) | 2016-08-12 |
| EP2983837A2 (fr) | 2016-02-17 |
| CN105102138A (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
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