WO2020208630A1 - Composition de blocage du goût sucré - Google Patents

Composition de blocage du goût sucré Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020208630A1
WO2020208630A1 PCT/IL2020/050415 IL2020050415W WO2020208630A1 WO 2020208630 A1 WO2020208630 A1 WO 2020208630A1 IL 2020050415 W IL2020050415 W IL 2020050415W WO 2020208630 A1 WO2020208630 A1 WO 2020208630A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gymnema
gum
subject
chewing
bitterness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IL2020/050415
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English (en)
Inventor
Gitit BARANES LAHAV
Shimrit LEV
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gyni SG Ltd
Original Assignee
Gyni SG Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gyni SG Ltd filed Critical Gyni SG Ltd
Publication of WO2020208630A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020208630A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G4/00—Chewing gum
    • A23G4/06—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A23G4/068—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing plants or parts thereof, e.g. fruits, seeds, extracts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Definitions

  • the present invention in some embodiments thereof, relates to a composition and method for controlling food consumption in humans and, more particularly, but not exclusively, to a perceived sweetness- suppressing composition obtained from plant origin and method of preparing and using the same.
  • Obesity and the more general condition known as the metabolic syndrome is increasing significantly in recent years. For example, a reports estimate that about 65 % of Americans are overweight and more than 35 % are obese. Similar reports suggest that unhealthy diets and immobility are likely to be the leading cause of preventable deaths. Thus, obesity and obesity- related diseases such as type II diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and / or all other forms of the metabolic syndrome are significant problems for modern society.
  • Weight control by way of appetite suppression, is considered one of the tools for treating obesity and obesity-related diseases.
  • formulations that can suppress appetite are commercially available, from traditional/altemative medicine to evidence-based pharmaceuticals.
  • Some known natural (non-synthetic) appetite-suppressing formulations contain botanical products, such as maize, caffeine, tobacco, Trichocauron, Hoodia, Stapelia, Cairo, Milkweed, Stapelia, Orbea, Towata, Asclepias and many other herbs.
  • Another pathway for suppressing appetite is the reduction of the mental reward obtained from consumption of sweet foodstuff. Overeating foods such as chocolate, candy and pastry, which are calorie-dense, may lead to hyperglycemia and loss of control in weight-loss program, especially when emotional eating and binge eating takes place.
  • Gymnema leaves contain triterpenoid saponins, flavonols and gurmarin, whereas the major biologically active plant molecules are gymnemic acids, a class of triterpenoid saponins, which have the effect of suppressing the taste of sweetness on the tongue from sucrose (sugar), stevia, xylitol, and artificial sweeteners such as aspartame.
  • the sweet-blocking effect of gymnema in humans lasts from 15 to 50 minutes and may even persist for several hours.
  • Gymnemic acids apparently have no long-term effects on taste and they do not influence bitter, salty, or sour taste perception.
  • gurmarin is the taste modifying protein from Gymnema sylvestre.
  • gynnemic acid compounds in gymnema can also attach to receptors on the intestinal walls, helping to reduce absorption of sugar molecules in the gut. This process can lower blood sugar and promote insulin secretion and release. Indeed, researchers have shown that consumption of gymnema lead to a decrease of blood sugar in rats [Okabayashi, Y. et al., Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice , 1990, 9, 143-148]. Gymnema extracts with appetite suppressing properties have been proposed for use in body weight control, and a systematic review of double blind randomized controlled clinical trials has been published [Astell, K.J. et al., Complementary Therapies in Medicine , 2013, 21, 407— 416].
  • Aqueous extracts of gymnema depressed the sweetness of amino acids, glycine and dl-alanine in a way very similar to that of sucrose. Temporary suppressing of sweet taste is found to be more prominent although it influences the bitter taste modalities.
  • Additional background art includes U.S. Patent Nos. 10,314,326, 9,789,151, 9,737,082, 9,585,905, 9,504,722, 9,446,063, 9,421,217, 9,387,168, 9,253,991, and 9,387,168, as well as U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos. 20180027860, 20180193400, 20190336555 and 20190351000.
  • the present invention are drawn to a food product that is typically kept in the mouth when consumed, such as chewing gum, toffee or hard candy, which contains gymnema plant parts or extracts, and a bitterness-masking agent, so as to facilitate the use thereof and increase user compliance for using the product. Also provided are method of controlling or reducing food craving in humans, by consumption of the presently provided products.
  • chewing gum comprising a gum base, gymnema, and a bitterness-masking agent.
  • the gymnema is in the form selected from the group consisting of dried ground leaves of Gymnema sylvestre plant, dried Gymnema sylvestre plant extract, liquid Gymnema sylvestre plant or a combination thereof.
  • the bitterness-masking agent is a fungi-derived product.
  • the bitterness-masking agent is ClearTasteTM.
  • the bitterness-masking agent is encapsulated in capsules.
  • the gymnema is encapsulated in capsules.
  • the amount of the gymnema in the composition ranges 3-6 % by weigh of the total weight of the composition.
  • the amount of the bitterness-masking agent in the composition ranges 10-50 ppm by weight.
  • the chewing gum provided herein further includes additional ingredients selected from the group consisting of flavor agents, aroma agents, softeners, hardeners, colorants, coating and any combination thereof.
  • administration of the chewing gum is effected by the subject.
  • administration of the chewing gum is effected before or while the subject is experiencing food craving.
  • administration of the chewing gum is effected at a predetermined time of day known to the subject as prone to food craving.
  • administration of the chewing gum is effected at regular intervals during a time period such that the subject is experiencing loss of perception of sweetness during the period.
  • the present invention in some embodiments thereof, relates to a composition and method for controlling food consumption in humans and, more particularly, but not exclusively, to a perceived sweetness- suppressing composition obtained from plant origin and method of preparing and using the same.
  • gymnema has a profound action on the modulation of taste.
  • Gymnema extract selectively suppress the response to sweeteners like sucrose, fructose, saccharin, and cyclamate. Fifty percent of this action is extended against the sweet taste caused by water-after-citric acid. Sweet taste of the glycoside, methyl a-d- mannopyranoside is suppressed without any alteration in the response to its bitterness.
  • a feature of the present invention is the form of the product, being mouth-lingering edible product, such as a chew able (chewing gum) masticatory candy (toffee) or lickable (hard candy).
  • mouth-lingering edible composition refers to food products that are consumed by keeping the product in the mouth for an extended period of time, as opposed to a food product that is swallowed as a liquid or chewed and swallowed thereafter.
  • Exemplary mouth-lingering edible compositions include, without limitation, chewing gum, hard candy, toffee, and gummy candies (jelly candies).
  • Another feature of the present invention is the amount of gymnema in the product, which needs to be effective in order to effect loss of sweetness perception in the subject.
  • the term“gymnema” is collectively used to refer to any perceived- sweetness suppressing form of the botanical known as Gymnema sylvestre (a plant), including leaves, extracts, gymnemic acids, or any combination thereof in which at least one contains the bioactive phytochemical constituents that interact with taste receptors on the tongue to temporarily suppress the perception of sweetness.
  • bitterness masking agent refers to an additive in the composition that mitigates the adverse bitter taste of gymnema, such that a subject consuming the composition as a chewing gum, toffee or hard candy, will keep the product in the mouth for a duration of time sufficient to exert the desired effect of gymnema in the subject.
  • the bitterness-masking agent is a product derived from a mushroom extract.
  • the bitterness-masking agent is marketed under the trade name ClearTasteTM by MycoTechnology, which effectively acts by temporarily blocking bitter tastes from being perceived by blocking 17 of the 25 bitter receptors found on the human tongue.
  • a mouth-lingering edible compositions for suppressing perceived sweetness in a subject which includes a base, gymnema, and a bitterness masking agent, wherein the bitterness masking agent is capable of masking the bitterness of gymnema for at least the duration of the time required for the perceived sweetness suppression take effect.
  • the base is a typical base used in any mouth-lingering composition, as known in the art.
  • the mouth-lingering composition may include flavor and aroma agents, coating, softeners or hardeners, and any additional ingredient that is typically used in any mouth-lingering composition, as known in the art.
  • the amount of gymnema in the composition ranges from 2 % (percent symbol indicates weight percent throughout the disclosure, unless stated otherwise) to 10 %.
  • the amount of gymnema in the composition ranges 3-8 %. More preferably, gymnema is about 6+1 % in the composition.
  • the amount of the bitterness masking agent in the composition ranges from 10-40 ppm, or 10-30 ppm, or 20+5 ppm.
  • the gymnema and/or the bitterness-masking agent are each independently encapsulated in a vesicle or a capsule, such that the ingredient encapsulated within the capsule is released gradually as the composition is being chewed or sucked upon by the subject.
  • Encapsulation of the gymnema and/or the bitterness-masking agent, each in a microcapsule allows for the sustained release thereof, which contributes to the lingering effect of each of the ingredients, while exposing the subject to controlled concentrations of each of the ingredients, allowing a more pleasant subject’s experience and thus a more compliant subject’s response.
  • the composition is in a form of a chewing gum, which provides a longer lasting effect masking the bitter taste of gymnema.
  • the bitterness-masking agent is encapsulated in a polymeric coating to delay and prolong is release.
  • U.S. Patent Nos. 4,931,293, 5,057,328, 5,064,658 and 5,110,608 are exemplary sources for additional information regarding such encapsulation.
  • the bitterness-masking effect is extended by providing a chewing gum composition that includes a gum base, gymnema, a bitterness-masking agent, and at least one encapsulated surfactant, where the surfactant increases the amount of bitterness-masking agent released from the chewing gum composition, as described, for example, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 20060263474.
  • the soluble agent is encapsulated in poly(vinyl acetate) and a fatty acid salt, as described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 9,737,082.
  • the poly(vinyl acetate) and fatty acid salt encapsulated ingredient can further be incorporated into a chewing gum composition in order to more precisely control the intensity of and timing of the bitterness-masking effect as experienced by the subject without deteriorating the late chewy texture of the chewing gum.
  • a method of controlling food craving in a subject :
  • a method for reducing or controlling food craving in a subject which is effected by consuming the mouth-lingering composition described herein, before or during a period of food craving.
  • the composition can be used by administration or by self-administration of the composition to the subject as soon as the subject is sensing loss of self-control and the beginning of food cravings.
  • the mouth-lingering composition described herein is administered to the subject or self-administered by the subject at regular intervals such that the perceived-sweetness suppression is effected over an extended period of time.
  • the mouth-lingering composition described herein is administered to the subject or self-administered by the subject at a predetermined time of day during which the subject is known to be prone to food cravings.
  • compositions, method or structure may include additional ingredients, steps and/or parts, but only if the additional ingredients, steps and/or parts do not materially alter the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed composition, method or structure.
  • phrases “substantially devoid of” and/or “essentially devoid of” in the context of a certain substance refer to a composition that is totally devoid of this substance or includes less than about 5, 1, 0.5 or 0.1 percent of the substance by total weight or volume of the composition.
  • the phrases "substantially devoid of” and/or “essentially devoid of” in the context of a process, a method, a property or a characteristic refer to a process, a composition, a structure or an article that is totally devoid of a certain process/method step, or a certain property or a certain characteristic, or a process/method wherein the certain process/method step is effected at less than about 5, 1, 0.5 or 0.1 percent compared to a given standard process/method, or property or a characteristic characterized by less than about 5, 1, 0.5 or 0.1 percent of the property or characteristic, compared to a given standard.
  • a compound or “at least one compound” may include a plurality of compounds, including mixtures thereof.
  • range format is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as an inflexible limitation on the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the description of a range should be considered to have specifically disclosed all the possible subranges as well as individual numerical values within that range. For example, description of a range such as from 1 to 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed subranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6 etc., as well as individual numbers within that range, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. This applies regardless of the breadth of the range.
  • the term“treating” includes abrogating, substantially inhibiting, slowing or reversing the progression of a condition, substantially ameliorating clinical or aesthetical symptoms of a condition or substantially preventing the appearance of clinical or aesthetical symptoms of a condition.
  • a proof of concept of some embodiments of the present invention was carried out by preparing chewing gum samples comprising dried and ground gymnema leaves, a gum base, wherein the amount of gymnema ranges from 1 to 9 % of the total weight of the chewing gum.
  • the gum base was purchased from Amazon LTD.
  • ClearTasteTM was purchased from MycoTechnology® Aurora, Colorado, USA.
  • Additional ingredients added to the chewing gum included flavoring agents, sweeteners and coloring agents.
  • the gum was prepared as bits weighing 1-3 grams each, and the subject was requested to chew the gum for at least 3 minutes before tasting chocolate and reporting the level of sweetness perceived thereby.
  • ClearTasteTM powder 50 mg were suspended in 50 ml of purified water to afford a 1000 ppm stock solution, and 1, 2, and 5 ml of this stock solution were added to 100 grams of gum base to give a final concentration of 10 ppm, 20 ppm and 50 ppm in the final product.
  • the gum was prepared in the batches, a batch with 2 %, 5 %, 7 %, 9 % gymnema, each having 10 ppm, 20 ppm and 50 ppm ClearTasteTM and another series of the same batches having a similar formulation except the bitterness-masking agent (control).
  • Each member of the group was given a sample of both the gum with the bitterness-masking agent, and the control gum without it, in an arbitrary order, and with at least three hours between each sample.
  • Optimal perceived sweetness suppressing gum was obtained with 3-6 % gymnema, and 20 ppm ClearTasteTM.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un produit alimentaire sous la forme d'une gomme à mâcher, d'un bonbon dur ou d'un caramel, formulé pour atténuer la compulsion alimentaire chez un sujet humain, lequel comprend du gymnem et un agent masquant l'amertume. L'invention concerne également un procédé d'atténuation de compulsion alimentaire chez un sujet, mis en œuvre par la consommation du produit alimentaire par un patient sujet à la compulsion alimentaire.
PCT/IL2020/050415 2019-04-09 2020-04-06 Composition de blocage du goût sucré Ceased WO2020208630A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201962814027P 2019-04-09 2019-04-09
US62/814,027 2019-04-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020208630A1 true WO2020208630A1 (fr) 2020-10-15

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PCT/IL2020/050415 Ceased WO2020208630A1 (fr) 2019-04-09 2020-04-06 Composition de blocage du goût sucré

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5605698A (en) * 1993-12-28 1997-02-25 Dai-Nippon Meiji Sugar Co., Ltd. Oral composition
US20030180414A1 (en) * 1996-11-27 2003-09-25 Gudas Victor V. Method of controlling release of bitterness inhibitors in chewing gum and gum produced thereby
US9585905B2 (en) * 2014-06-12 2017-03-07 Four LLC Sweet taste receptor antagonist compositions
US20190000931A1 (en) * 2015-02-13 2019-01-03 Eastern Vision Limited Dietary supplements and formulations

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5605698A (en) * 1993-12-28 1997-02-25 Dai-Nippon Meiji Sugar Co., Ltd. Oral composition
US20030180414A1 (en) * 1996-11-27 2003-09-25 Gudas Victor V. Method of controlling release of bitterness inhibitors in chewing gum and gum produced thereby
US9585905B2 (en) * 2014-06-12 2017-03-07 Four LLC Sweet taste receptor antagonist compositions
US20190000931A1 (en) * 2015-02-13 2019-01-03 Eastern Vision Limited Dietary supplements and formulations

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SONI B.K. ET AL.: "Mutagenicity and genotoxicity of ClearTaste", TOXICOLOGY REPORTS, vol. 5, 12 January 2018 (2018-01-12), pages 196 - 206, XP055748762, ISSN: 2214-7500 *

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