WO2024251066A1 - Ensemble couvercle supérieur, élément de batterie et batterie à haute capacité - Google Patents

Ensemble couvercle supérieur, élément de batterie et batterie à haute capacité Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024251066A1
WO2024251066A1 PCT/CN2024/096991 CN2024096991W WO2024251066A1 WO 2024251066 A1 WO2024251066 A1 WO 2024251066A1 CN 2024096991 W CN2024096991 W CN 2024096991W WO 2024251066 A1 WO2024251066 A1 WO 2024251066A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
cover assembly
shell
upper cover
single cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/096991
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈孟奇
雷政军
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D Aus Energy Storage Technology Xian Co Ltd
Original Assignee
D Aus Energy Storage Technology Xian Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2024251066A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024251066A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of batteries, and specifically relates to an upper cover assembly, a single cell and a large-capacity battery.
  • the related art proposes a large-capacity battery, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the large-capacity battery includes a shell 1 and a plurality of single cells 2; the plurality of single cells are placed in parallel in the shell 1, and a first through hole 3 for the single cell pole to extend out of the shell 1 is provided on the top plate of the shell 1 corresponding to the pole of each single cell 2; the shell 1 is provided with at least one shared chamber 4 communicating with the inner cavity of each single cell 2;
  • the electrolyte of each single cell can be shared; as shown in FIG. 2 , when it is used to communicate with the gas area in the inner cavity of each single cell, it can be used to achieve gas balance of each single cell.
  • the shared chamber 4 allows each single cell to be in at least one of a unified electrolyte environment and a gas balance environment, thereby ensuring the uniformity of each single cell and improving the performance and cycle life of large-capacity batteries.
  • the sealing performance of the housing 1 is particularly important.
  • each first through hole 3 on the housing 1 and the corresponding upper cover assembly of the single cell 2 need to be sealed and welded to ensure the sealing at this position.
  • the current method is to weld the housing and the upper cover assembly of the single cell by laser welding in the surrounding area corresponding to each first through hole 3 (the circle at A in Figure 1 is the welding track).
  • the present application provides an upper cover assembly on the one hand.
  • the upper cover assembly comprises two poles and a gas port located between the two poles; the improvement thereof is that it also comprises a cover body and two hollow components arranged on the cover body;
  • Both ends of the hollow member are open;
  • the two poles are both insulated from the cover plate body and are passed through the corresponding hollow components, and insulation is maintained between the poles and the hollow components.
  • the present application arranges two hollow components on the cover body of the single cell.
  • a plurality of single cells are grouped and placed in a large-capacity battery casing, no matter whether there is a gap between the casing and the upper cover components of each single cell, or whether the gap sizes are different, during operation, it is only necessary to seal and connect the portion of the hollow component on each single cell away from the cover body and the area corresponding to the first through hole on the casing corresponding thereto, thereby ensuring the sealing of the large-capacity battery casing and solving the problem of cold welding or even failure to weld that may occur when the casing and the upper cover of the single cell are directly laser welded in the existing solution.
  • the above-mentioned hollow component is integrally formed on the cover body.
  • a through groove for clamping the heat transfer tube is provided on the pole.
  • a portion of the hollow component away from the cover body can be bent for welding and sealing with the peripheral area of the first through hole on the large-capacity battery shell.
  • a buffer deformation groove is provided on the side wall of the hollow component.
  • the buffer deformation groove not only provides a certain deformation margin for sealing and fixing, which can be used to compensate for the problem of too large or too small gap between the shell and the single battery, but also can compensate for the coaxiality deviation between the single battery pole and the first through hole corresponding thereto; at the same time, when the large-capacity battery is subjected to external force or self-vibration, the buffer deformation groove itself has a certain buffering effect, ensuring the reliability of sealing and fixing.
  • the outer surface of the pole is engraved with knurling.
  • the purpose of the knurling is to ensure that when the insulating glue is poured between the pole and the cover body, or between the pole and the hollow component, the insulating glue can be stably attached and solidified therein.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides a single cell battery, comprising an outer cylinder, an upper cover assembly, a lower cover assembly and an electrode assembly; the improvement is that the upper cover assembly adopts the upper cover assembly provided in the first aspect.
  • the purpose of adopting the upper cover assembly is to ensure good sealing between the single cell in the outer shell and the external environment through the hollow components of the upper cover assembly in each single cell when assembling a large-capacity battery with a shared chamber.
  • a sealing mechanism is provided on the lower cover assembly, and the sealing mechanism can be opened under the action of electrolyte or external force.
  • the lower cover assembly with a sealing mechanism is used so that when a large-capacity battery is not assembled, the single cell itself has good sealing performance.
  • the sealing mechanism can be opened so that the electrolyte areas in the inner cavities of each single cell are connected.
  • the gas port in the upper cover assembly is an explosion venting portion, so after forming a large-capacity battery, the shared chamber can be used as an explosion venting channel.
  • the gas port in the above-mentioned upper cover assembly is a sealing mechanism, which can be opened under the action of electrolyte or external force.
  • the upper cover assembly with a sealing mechanism is designed to ensure that the single cell itself has good sealing properties when a large-capacity battery is not assembled.
  • the sealing mechanism can be opened, and the shared chamber can connect the gas areas in the inner cavities of each single cell, so that each single cell is in a gas balance state.
  • the third aspect of the present application provides a large-capacity battery, comprising a housing and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged side by side and are integrally arranged inside the housing; a shared chamber is arranged on the top of the housing;
  • the portion of the hollow component on the single battery away from the cover plate body is sealed and connected to the area corresponding to the first through hole on the shell; the pole of the single battery extends out of the shell.
  • the present application installs each single cell side by side in the shell, ensuring that the pole of each single cell can extend out of the first through hole on the corresponding shell, and seals the shell and the upper cover assembly of the single cell through a hollow component, thereby ensuring the sealing of the large-capacity battery.
  • each single cell is placed in a unified electrolyte environment or gas balance environment, thereby ensuring the uniformity of each single cell and improving the performance and cycle life of the large-capacity battery.
  • the shared chamber is integrally formed on the top of the shell, and the shared chamber is connected to the gas area of each single cell through the through hole of each single cell.
  • the shared chamber is integrally formed at the top of the shell, and the shared chamber covers the explosion venting part of each single cell to ensure that the smoke from thermal runaway of the single cell breaks through the explosion venting part and is discharged through the gas chamber.
  • the fourth aspect of the present application provides a large-capacity battery, comprising a housing and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged side by side and are integrally arranged inside the housing; a shared chamber is arranged at the bottom of the housing for connecting the electrolyte areas of the single cells;
  • the portion of the hollow component on the single battery away from the cover plate body is sealed and connected to the area corresponding to the first through hole on the shell; the pole of the single battery extends out of the shell.
  • the fifth aspect of the present application provides a large-capacity battery, comprising a housing and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged side by side and are integrally arranged inside the housing; the gas port in the upper cover assembly of the single cell is a through hole;
  • the housing is provided with two shared chambers, one of which is integrally formed at the bottom of the housing and is used to connect the electrolyte areas of the inner cavities of the individual cells; the other shared chamber is integrally formed at the top of the housing and is used to connect the gas areas of the inner cavities of the individual cells;
  • the portion of the hollow component on the single battery away from the cover plate body is sealed and connected to the area corresponding to the first through hole on the shell; the pole of the single battery extends out of the shell.
  • the sixth aspect of the present application provides a large-capacity battery, comprising a housing and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged side by side and are integrally arranged inside the housing; the gas opening on the single cell is an explosion venting part;
  • the shell is provided with two shared chambers, one of which is integrally formed at the bottom of the shell and is used to connect the electrolyte areas of the inner cavities of each single cell; the other shared chamber is integrally formed at the top of the shell and covers the explosion venting part of each single cell to ensure that the smoke from thermal runaway of the single cell breaks through the explosion venting part and is discharged through the shared chamber;
  • the portion of the hollow component on the single battery away from the cover plate body is sealed and connected to the area corresponding to the first through hole on the shell; the pole of the single battery extends out of the shell.
  • a heat transfer tube is mounted on the pole with the same polarity on each single cell in the large-capacity battery of the third to sixth aspects above.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a first structural form of a large-capacity battery proposed in the related art in the background art
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a large-capacity battery proposed in the related art in the background art
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a third structural form of a large-capacity battery proposed in the related art in the background art
  • FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper cover assembly provided in Example 1;
  • FIG5 is a cross-sectional view of a hollow component provided with a buffer deformation groove
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a single cell structure in which an explosion relief portion is provided on an upper cover assembly in Embodiment 2;
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in which a sealing mechanism is provided on the upper cover assembly in Example 2;
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 3.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing in Example 3.
  • FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of the first cover plate in Example 3.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the U-shaped housing in Example 3.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in which a sealing mechanism is provided on the lower cover assembly in Example 5;
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 6.
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing in Example 6;
  • FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the U-shaped housing in Example 6;
  • FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second cover plate in Example 6;
  • FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 7.
  • FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery housing in Example 7.
  • the reference numerals are as follows: 1-shell, 11-cylinder, 12-first cover, 13-second cover, 14-U-shaped shell, 15-third cover, 16-fourth cover, 2-single battery, 3-first through hole, 4-shared chamber, 5-upper cover assembly, 51-cover body, 52-pole, 521-pole adapter, 522-through groove, 53-hollow member, 54-gas port, 55-buffer deformation groove, 56-sealing mechanism, 57-explosion relief part, 6-outer cylinder, 7-lower cover assembly.
  • orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top, bottom, inside and outside” in the text are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the technical solution.
  • first, second or third are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
  • the terms "installed, connected, connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • installed, connected, connected should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • the present application redesigns the structure of the upper cover assembly of a single cell, which includes a cover plate body, two poles, and two hollow components corresponding to the positions of the two poles; one end of the hollow component is used to be sealed and connected to the area corresponding to the first through hole on the large-capacity battery shell, and the other end is sealed and connected to the upper cover assembly of the single cell, thereby solving the problem of cold welding or failure to weld the two during laser welding due to processing errors and assembly errors in the mass production of large-capacity batteries.
  • the area corresponding to the first through hole is a peripheral area on the outer surface of the housing corresponding to any one of the first through holes; or The area corresponding to the first through hole is the hole wall of the first through hole.
  • the structure and manufacturing process of the upper cover assembly in this application are basically similar to those of the upper cover assembly used in existing commercially available square lithium-ion batteries, except that:
  • Two hollow components need to be provided on the cover body, and the hollow components need to be insulated from the poles;
  • the hollow member is generally a thin-walled tubular structure, which can be sealed and connected to the upper cover plate of the single cell and the outer shell of the large-capacity battery by bonding, riveting or welding.
  • the horizontal cross-section of the hollow member can be a rectangular ring or a circular ring. In order to better adapt to the shape of the first through hole and the pole, the cross-section of the hollow member is usually a circular ring.
  • the upper cover assembly, a single cell using the upper cover assembly, and a large-capacity battery are specifically described below in conjunction with several embodiments.
  • the upper cover assembly 5 in this embodiment includes a cover body 51, two poles 52 and a gas port 54 arranged on the cover body 51 and located between the two poles 52; two hollow components 53 are integrally formed on the cover body 51, and both ends of the hollow components are open; the two poles 52 are insulated from the cover body 51, and extend out of the large-capacity battery shell after passing through their respective corresponding hollow components 53, and insulation is maintained between the poles 52 and the hollow components 53; the portion of the hollow component 53 away from the cover body can be bent outward and sealed and connected to the peripheral area corresponding to a first through hole 3 on the shell 1.
  • sealing connection such as bonding, riveting, etc.
  • bonding compared with welding, the reliability of bonding is poor and the riveting method is not convenient for assembly. Therefore, welding is usually used to seal the hollow component and the shell.
  • the hollow component can be fixed to the cover body by welding.
  • this method is more complicated to process and has lower efficiency.
  • the portion of the hollow component 53 away from the cover body is not bent, but the end of the hollow component 53 away from the cover body is directly welded to the outer shell 1, laser welding cannot be used, which may make the reliability and sealing of the welding part relatively weak.
  • the upper cover assembly of this embodiment can also be optimized as follows:
  • the pole 52 In order to avoid the problem that the temperature of the pole 52 is too high locally, causing thermal runaway of each single battery, the pole 52 The portion extending out of the housing 1 is provided with a through groove 522 for clamping the heat transfer pipe.
  • the cross section of the through groove 522 can be designed to be U-shaped or C-shaped. Since the C-shaped through groove has natural tension at the opening, it is convenient for the installation of the heat transfer tube and helps to clamp the heat transfer tube more tightly in the through groove, so that the heat transfer connector and the heat transfer tube have better heat conduction effect. Therefore, in this embodiment, the C-shape is selected as the cross section of the through groove.
  • a buffer deformation groove 55 is also provided on the side wall of the hollow component 53 of this embodiment.
  • the buffer deformation groove 55 not only provides a certain deformation margin for sealing and fixing, which can be used to make up for the problem of welding problems caused by the large gap between the shell and the single battery, but also can make up for the coaxiality deviation between the single battery pole and the corresponding first through hole; at the same time, when the large-capacity battery is subjected to external force or self-vibration, the buffer deformation groove itself has a certain buffering effect, ensuring the reliability of sealing and fixing.
  • the outer surface of the pole can also be knurled, so that when the insulating glue is poured between the pole and the cover body, and between the pole and the hollow component, the insulating glue can be stably adhered and solidified therein.
  • two hollow components may be welded on the existing finished upper cover assembly.
  • a pole adapter 521 may be added to the existing pole 52 of the finished upper cover assembly by screw connection or welding to ensure that the pole 52 can extend out of the housing 1.
  • the horizontal cross-section of the pole adapter 521 may be cylindrical or square.
  • a through slot 522 can be directly opened on the pole 52;
  • a through slot 522 may be provided on the pole adapter 521 .
  • This embodiment provides a single cell 2, the specific structure of which is shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 , including an outer cylinder 6, an upper cover assembly 5, a lower cover assembly 7 and an electrode assembly;
  • the outer cylinder 6 is open at the top and bottom.
  • the upper cover assembly 5 and the lower cover assembly 7 are fixed to the upper and lower open ends of the outer cylinder 6 by welding, thereby forming a closed single cell cavity.
  • the electrode assembly is installed in the cavity of the single cell, and the electrode assembly is connected to the pole in the upper cover assembly 5; the electrolyte is provided in the cavity of the single cell 2.
  • the upper cover assembly 5 in this embodiment adopts the same structure as that of the first embodiment.
  • the gas port 52 may be an explosion relief portion 57 of a single cell, and the explosion relief portion may be an explosion relief membrane or an explosion relief valve. As shown in FIG7 , the gas port 52 may also be a sealing mechanism 56, which is opened under the action of electrolyte or external force to form a through hole.
  • the form of the sealing mechanism 56 may be specifically referred to patent CN218525645U.
  • the structure of the single cell is similar to that of the commercially available square lithium-ion battery, except that a hollow component needs to be added to the upper cover assembly. There are two ways to actually manufacture the single cell of this embodiment:
  • Method 1 Improve the commercially available square lithium-ion battery by welding.
  • two hollow components are directly welded on the upper cover assembly, and then insulation is ensured between the pole and the hollow component by pouring insulating glue or setting insulating rubber sleeves.
  • this method requires manpower and time, and is inefficient.
  • Method 2 You can assemble the single cell by yourself.
  • the upper cover assembly of the single cell needs to be remade, that is, two hollow components need to be integrally formed on the upper cover assembly, and insulation between the pole and the hollow component is ensured by pouring insulating glue or setting insulating rubber sleeves.
  • the gas port of the upper cover assembly needs to adopt a sealing mechanism.
  • the other parts of the single cell can be consistent with the commercially available square lithium-ion battery, and the assembly process of the single cell is basically the same as that of the commercially available square lithium-ion battery.
  • a large-capacity battery is provided in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 , and comprises a shell 1, N single cells 2 having the same structure as that of the embodiment 2, where N is greater than or equal to 2; the N single cells 2 are arranged side by side and are integrally arranged inside the shell 1; a shared chamber 4 is arranged on the top of the shell 1; a portion of a hollow component 53 of an upper cover assembly 5 in the single cell 2 away from the cover plate body can be bent outward and sealed and welded to a peripheral area corresponding to a first through hole 3 on the shell 1; a pole of the single cell 2 extends out of the shell 1, and insulation is maintained between the pole and the hollow component 53.
  • the shells of the single cells are made of aluminum
  • the hollow component and the shell of the large-capacity battery are also made of aluminum.
  • the gas port on the single cell is a sealing mechanism, which can be opened under the action of electrolyte or external force, thereby connecting the gas area in the inner cavity of the single cell 2 with the shared chamber.
  • an exhaust valve can be set on the shared chamber to regularly discharge the gas in each single cell, thereby avoiding a series of problems affecting the comprehensive performance of large-capacity batteries, such as swelling of the single cell shell due to the inability to discharge gas.
  • An exhaust valve and an explosion-proof membrane can also be set on the gas chamber 8, or only an exhaust valve can be set; the exhaust valve can be opened manually or automatically, and the exhaust valve is opened regularly to regularly discharge the gas in each single cell, thereby avoiding a series of problems affecting the comprehensive performance of large-capacity batteries, such as swelling of the single cell shell due to the inability to discharge gas.
  • the exhaust valve and the explosion-proof membrane are set at the same time, the exhaust valve and the explosion-proof membrane are located at both ends of the gas chamber.
  • the explosion-proof membrane is used for the thermal runaway smoke to break through the explosion-proof membrane and discharge the gas chamber 8 when any single cell has thermal runaway, so that such large-capacity batteries have higher safety performance.
  • heat transfer tubes are mounted on poles with the same polarity on each single cell of the large-capacity battery.
  • the shell of a large-capacity battery can be constructed in the following three forms:
  • a shared cavity and 2N first through holes 3 are integrally formed on the first cover plate 12 , and the 2N first through holes 3 are arranged on both sides of the shared cavity.
  • the outer shell 1 includes a U-shaped shell 14, a first cover plate 12, a third cover plate 15 and a fourth cover plate 16; the top, front and rear of the U-shaped shell 14 are open, the first cover plate 12 is sealed and fixed (welded) to the top of the U-shaped shell 14, and the third cover plate 15 and the fourth cover plate 16 are sealed and fixed (welded) to the front and rear of the U-shaped shell 14 respectively.
  • a shared cavity and 2N first through holes 3 are integrally formed on the first cover plate 12 , and the 2N first through holes 3 are arranged on both sides of the shared cavity.
  • the housing 1 includes a cylinder 11, a third cover plate 15, and a fourth cover plate 16; the front and rear of the cylinder 11 are both open, the third cover plate 15 is sealed and fixed (welded) to the front of the cylinder 11, and the fourth cover plate 16 is sealed and fixed (welded) to the rear of the cylinder;
  • a shared chamber and 2N first through holes 3 are integrally formed at the top of the cylinder 11 , and the 2N first through holes 3 are arranged on both sides of the shared chamber.
  • the cylinder 11 and the U-shaped shell 14 can be spliced by welding, or can be integrally formed by casting or stamping. In order to facilitate processing while ensuring sealing, this embodiment chooses an integral molding method.
  • the large-capacity battery structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 3, except that the gas port of the single cell is the explosion venting part, and the shared chamber covers the explosion venting part.
  • the thermal runaway smoke breaks through the explosion venting port and can be discharged through the shared chamber.
  • This embodiment provides a single cell 2, the specific structure of which is shown in FIG6, FIG7 and FIG12, including an outer cylinder 6, an upper cover assembly 5, a lower cover assembly 7 and an electrode assembly;
  • the outer cylinder 6 is open at the top and bottom.
  • the upper cover assembly 5 and the lower cover assembly 7 are fixed to the upper and lower open ends of the outer cylinder 6 by welding, thereby forming a closed single cell cavity.
  • the electrode assembly is installed in the cavity of the single cell, and the electrode assembly is connected to the pole in the upper cover assembly 5; the electrolyte is provided in the cavity of the single cell 2.
  • the upper cover assembly 5 in this embodiment adopts the same structure as that of the first embodiment.
  • a sealing mechanism is provided on the lower cover assembly.
  • the sealing mechanism 56 is opened under the action of electrolyte or external force to form a through hole.
  • the form of the sealing mechanism 56 can be specifically referred to patent CN218525645U.
  • the structure of the single cell is similar to that of the commercially available square lithium-ion battery, except that a hollow component needs to be added to the upper cover assembly and a sealing mechanism needs to be added to the lower cover assembly.
  • a hollow component needs to be added to the upper cover assembly and a sealing mechanism needs to be added to the lower cover assembly.
  • Method 1 Improvements can be made to commercially available square lithium-ion batteries, that is, two hollow components are directly welded to the upper cover assembly of commercially available square lithium-ion batteries by welding, and then insulation is ensured between the pole and the hollow component by pouring insulating glue or setting insulating rubber sleeves. Then a hole is opened on the lower cover assembly, and then a sealing mechanism is set at the opening.
  • this method requires manpower and time, and is inefficient.
  • Method 2 You can assemble the single battery cells by yourself.
  • the upper cover assembly of the single battery cells needs to be remade, that is, two hollow components need to be integrally formed on the upper cover assembly, and insulation between the pole and the hollow component is ensured by pouring insulating glue or setting insulating rubber sleeves;
  • the lower cover assembly also needs to be remade, that is, a sealing mechanism is set on the lower cover assembly; in some cases, the gas port of the upper cover assembly also needs to adopt a sealing mechanism.
  • the other components of the single cell battery can be consistent with the commercially available square lithium-ion batteries, and the assembly process of the single cell battery is also basically the same as that of the commercially available square lithium-ion batteries.
  • the structure of the large-capacity battery in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 3, and there is only one shared chamber.
  • the single cell adopts the structure of embodiment 5; the shared chamber is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and is used to connect the electrolyte areas in the inner chambers of each single cell. Since each single cell shares the electrolyte, multiple single cells in this embodiment need to be arranged in parallel.
  • each single cell When the sealing mechanism 56 on the lower cover assembly of each single cell is opened under the action of electrolyte or external force, the electrolyte area of each single cell is connected to the shared chamber, so that each single cell is in a common electrolyte system, thereby improving the performance and cycle life of large-capacity batteries.
  • the shell of a large-capacity battery can be constructed in the following three forms:
  • the housing 1 includes a cylinder 11, a first cover plate 12, and a second cover plate 13; the top and bottom of the cylinder 11 are both open, the first cover plate 12 is sealed and fixed (welded) to the top of the cylinder 11, and the second cover plate 13 is sealed and fixed (welded) to the bottom of the cylinder 11;
  • the first cover plate 12 is provided with 2N first through holes 3
  • the second cover plate 13 is integrally formed with a shared cavity.
  • the housing 1 includes a U-shaped housing 14, a first cover plate 12, a third cover plate 15 and a fourth cover plate 16; the top, front and rear of the U-shaped housing 14 are all open, and the first cover plate 12 is sealed and fixed (welded) to At the top of the U-shaped shell 14 , the third cover plate 15 and the fourth cover plate 16 are sealed and fixed (welded) to the front and rear of the U-shaped shell 14 , respectively.
  • the first cover plate 12 is provided with 2N first through holes 3 , and a shared cavity is integrally formed on the bottom of the U-shaped shell 14 .
  • the housing 1 includes a cylinder 11, a third cover plate 15, and a fourth cover plate 16; the front and rear of the cylinder 11 are both open, the third cover plate 15 is sealed and fixed (welded) to the front of the cylinder 11, and the fourth cover plate 16 is sealed and fixed (welded) to the rear of the cylinder;
  • the top of the cylinder 11 is provided with 2N first through holes 3 , and the bottom of the cylinder 11 is integrally formed with a shared chamber.
  • the cylinder 11 and the U-shaped shell 14 can be spliced by welding, or can be integrally formed by casting or stamping. In order to facilitate processing and ensure sealing, the integral forming method is usually selected.
  • this embodiment is based on the embodiment 6 (electrolyte can be shared), and a shared chamber 4 is added on the top of the shell; that is, the large-capacity battery of this embodiment has two shared chambers 4 .
  • the sealing mechanism 56 When the gas port 54 in the upper cover assembly 5 of the single cell 2 is a sealing mechanism 56, the sealing mechanism is opened under the action of the electrolyte or the external force, and then the gas area in the inner cavity of the single cell 2 is connected with the additional shared chamber.
  • the shared chamber covers the explosion venting part of each single cell 2 to ensure that the smoke from thermal runaway of the single cell breaks through the explosion venting port and is discharged through the added shared chamber.
  • the shell of a large-capacity battery can be constructed in the following three forms:
  • the housing 1 includes a cylinder 11, a first cover plate 12, and a second cover plate 13; the top and bottom of the cylinder 11 are both open, the first cover plate 12 is sealed and fixed (welded) to the top of the cylinder 11, and the second cover plate 13 is sealed and fixed (welded) to the bottom of the cylinder 11;
  • the first cover plate 12 is provided with 2N first through holes 3 and is integrally formed with a shared cavity.
  • the second cover plate 13 is also integrally formed with a shared cavity.
  • the housing 1 includes a U-shaped shell 14, a first cover plate 12, a third cover plate 15 and a fourth cover plate 16; the top, front and rear of the U-shaped shell 14 are open, the first cover plate 12 is sealed and fixed (welded) to the top of the U-shaped shell 14, and the third cover plate 15 and the fourth cover plate 16 are sealed and fixed (welded) to the front and rear of the U-shaped shell 14 respectively.
  • the first cover plate 12 is provided with 2N first through holes 3 and is integrally formed with a shared cavity.
  • the bottom of the U-shaped shell 14 is also integrally formed with a shared cavity.
  • the housing 1 comprises a cylinder 11, a third cover plate 15, and a fourth cover plate 16; the front portion of the cylinder 11 and The rear part is open, the third cover plate 14 is sealed and fixed (welded) to the front part of the cylinder 11, and the fourth cover plate 16 is sealed and fixed (welded) to the rear part of the cylinder;
  • the top of the cylinder 11 is provided with 2N first through holes 3 and a shared chamber is integrally formed therewith, and the bottom of the cylinder 11 is also integrally formed therewith with a shared chamber.
  • the cylinder 11 and the U-shaped shell 14 can be spliced by welding, or can be integrally formed by casting or stamping. In order to facilitate processing and ensure sealing, the integral forming method is usually selected.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un ensemble couvercle supérieur, un élément de batterie et une batterie à haute capacité. L'ensemble couvercle supérieur comprend deux pôles de borne et un orifice de gaz situé entre ces pôles de borne. L'amélioration réside dans le fait que l'ensemble couvercle comprend en outre un corps de plaque de couvercle et deux composants creux qui sont disposés sur le corps de plaque de couvercle, les deux extrémités de chaque composant creux étant ouvertes ; et les deux pôles de borne sont tous deux maintenus isolés du corps de plaque de couvercle et pénètrent dans des composants creux correspondants respectifs, les pôles de borne et les composants creux étant maintenus isolés l'un de l'autre. Pendant le fonctionnement, il est seulement nécessaire de relier de manière étanche à la fois la partie du composant creux sur chaque élément de batterie à l'opposé du corps de plaque de couvercle et la surface sur un boîtier correspondant à un premier trou traversant qui correspond à cet élément de batterie, ce qui permet d'assurer les performances d'étanchéité du boîtier de la batterie à haute capacité, et de résoudre le problème de mauvaise soudure potentielle ou même de défaillance de soudage lors de la mise en œuvre directe d'un soudage par fusion laser du boîtier et d'une plaque de couvercle sur l'élément de batterie.
PCT/CN2024/096991 2023-06-06 2024-06-03 Ensemble couvercle supérieur, élément de batterie et batterie à haute capacité Ceased WO2024251066A1 (fr)

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CN202310662887.XA CN117673633B (zh) 2023-06-06 2023-06-06 一种上盖组件、单体电池及大容量电池

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CN117673633B (zh) * 2023-06-06 2025-08-22 陕西奥林波斯电力能源有限责任公司 一种上盖组件、单体电池及大容量电池
WO2024251071A1 (fr) * 2023-06-06 2024-12-12 双澳储能科技（西安）有限公司 Batterie à haute capacité, élément de batterie, connecteur d'étanchéité et ensemble couvercle supérieur

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