CA1063352A - Method for producing an impregnated waveguide - Google Patents

Method for producing an impregnated waveguide

Info

Publication number: CA1063352A
Authority: CA; Canada
Prior art keywords: dopant; solvent; porous glass; temperature; glass matrix
Prior art date: 1975-03-18
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Expired

Application number

CA000247545A

Other languages

English (en)

French (fr)

Inventor

Pedro B. Macedo

Theodore A. Litovitz

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Individual

Original Assignee

Individual

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1975-03-18

Filing date

1976-03-10

Publication date

1979-10-02

1975-11-26 Priority claimed from US05/635,728 external-priority patent/US4110093A/en

1976-03-10 Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual

1976-03-10 Priority to CA 247547 priority Critical patent/CA1075910A/en

1978-12-20 Priority to CA318,251A priority patent/CA1078413A/en

1979-10-02 Application granted granted Critical

1979-10-02 Publication of CA1063352A publication Critical patent/CA1063352A/en

1980-02-19 Priority to CA345,952A priority patent/CA1113839A/en

1983-04-28 Priority to CA000426969A priority patent/CA1193620A/en

Status Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 5
239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 172
239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 104
239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 100
230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 72
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 71
239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 50
229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 38
238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 33
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 32
NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium nitrate Inorganic materials [Cs+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K Arsenate3- Chemical class [O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 claims 2
125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
239000006121 base glass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 34
VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 24
XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 15
239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 14
229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 11
239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 10
235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 10
238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 10
239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 9
238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 8
FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
230000000051 modifying effect Effects 0.000 description 7
-1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 6
229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 4
230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Li2O Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
229910001953 rubidium(I) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium nitrate Inorganic materials [Ba+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 2
NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
238000001493 electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Pb]O[N+]([O-])=O RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
SDTHIDMOBRXVOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-6-methyl-1h-pyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC=1NC(=O)NC(=O)C=1N(CCCl)CCCl SDTHIDMOBRXVOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
241001550206 Colla Species 0.000 description 1
241000518994 Conta Species 0.000 description 1
RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
OCYROESYHWUPBP-CIUDSAMLSA-N Pro-Ile Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C([O-])=O)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCC[NH2+]1 OCYROESYHWUPBP-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
241000769223 Thenea Species 0.000 description 1
101150042461 TotC gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
150000001639 boron compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
BBBFJLBPOGFECG-VJVYQDLKSA-N calcitonin Chemical compound N([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(N)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)[C@@H]1CSSC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1 BBBFJLBPOGFECG-VJVYQDLKSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
238000009388 chemical precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
238000010960 commercial process Methods 0.000 description 1
238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229920006240 drawn fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 description 1
230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
239000012633 leachable Substances 0.000 description 1
238000013332 literature search Methods 0.000 description 1
239000006123 lithium glass Substances 0.000 description 1
238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
KRTSDMXIXPKRQR-AATRIKPKSA-N monocrotophos Chemical compound CNC(=O)\C=C(/C)OP(=O)(OC)OC KRTSDMXIXPKRQR-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
CFYGEIAZMVFFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Nd+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O CFYGEIAZMVFFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000012457 nonaqueous media Substances 0.000 description 1
239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
108010015796 prolylisoleucine Proteins 0.000 description 1
238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/028—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with core or cladding having graded refractive index
- G02B6/0281—Graded index region forming part of the central core segment, e.g. alpha profile, triangular, trapezoidal core
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
- C03B37/016—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD] by a liquid phase reaction process, e.g. through a gel phase
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C11/00—Multi-cellular glass ; Porous or hollow glass or glass particles
- C03C11/005—Multi-cellular glass ; Porous or hollow glass or glass particles obtained by leaching after a phase separation step
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/005—Fibre or filament compositions obtained by leaching of a soluble phase and consolidation
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/04—Fibre optics, e.g. core and clad fibre compositions
- C03C13/045—Silica-containing oxide glass compositions
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/04—Fibre optics, e.g. core and clad fibre compositions
- C03C13/045—Silica-containing oxide glass compositions
- C03C13/046—Multicomponent glass compositions
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C15/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C23/00—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments
- C03C23/0095—Solution impregnating; Solution doping; Molecular stuffing, e.g. of porous glass
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
- C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/08—Doped silica-based glasses doped with boron or fluorine or other refractive index decreasing dopant
- C03B2201/10—Doped silica-based glasses doped with boron or fluorine or other refractive index decreasing dopant doped with boron
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi
- C03B2201/32—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi doped with aluminium
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi
- C03B2201/34—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi doped with rare earth metals, i.e. with Sc, Y or lanthanides, e.g. for laser-amplifiers
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi
- C03B2201/50—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi doped with alkali metals
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi
- C03B2201/54—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi doped with beryllium, magnesium or alkaline earth metals
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03605—Highest refractive index not on central axis
- G02B6/03611—Highest index adjacent to central axis region, e.g. annular core, coaxial ring, centreline depression affecting waveguiding
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates

Landscapes

Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Optics & Photonics (AREA)
General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
Glass Compositions (AREA)
Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)

CA000247545A 1975-03-18 1976-03-10 Method for producing an impregnated waveguide Expired CA1063352A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
CA 247547 CA1075910A (en)	1975-03-18	1976-03-10	Strengthened glass structural member and method for producing same
CA318,251A CA1078413A (en)	1975-03-18	1978-12-20	Optical waveguide and method and compositions for producing same
CA345,952A CA1113839A (en)	1975-03-18	1980-02-19	Optical waveguide and method and compositions for producing same
CA000426969A CA1193620A (en)	1975-11-26	1983-04-28	Optical waveguide and method and compositions for producing same

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
US55951275A	1975-03-18	1975-03-18
US05/635,728 US4110093A (en)	1974-04-22	1975-11-26	Method for producing an impregnated waveguide

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
CA318,251A Division CA1078413A (en)	1975-03-18	1978-12-20	Optical waveguide and method and compositions for producing same

Publications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date
CA1063352A true CA1063352A (en)	1979-10-02

Family

ID=27072087

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
CA000247545A Expired CA1063352A (en)	1975-03-18	1976-03-10	Method for producing an impregnated waveguide

Country Status (14)

Country	Link
JP (1)	JPS6021928B2 (da)
AU (1)	AU499877B2 (da)
BR (1)	BR7601603A (da)
CA (1)	CA1063352A (da)
CH (1)	CH613049A5 (da)
DE (1)	DE2611496A1 (da)
DK (1)	DK118976A (da)
FR (1)	FR2304579A1 (da)
GB (1)	GB1527436A (da)
IE (1)	IE44144B1 (da)
IT (1)	IT1057427B (da)
LU (1)	LU74597A1 (da)
NL (1)	NL7602765A (da)
SE (1)	SE7603367L (da)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
GB2002342B (en) *	1977-07-27	1982-06-30	Sumitomo Electric Industries	Process for producing a glass member
GB2033372B (en) *	1978-09-28	1983-01-19	Sumitomo Electric Industries	Method of producing an optical waveguide
US4302231A (en) *	1979-01-29	1981-11-24	Pedro Manoel Buarque De Macedo	Method of producing a glass article having a graded refractive index profile of a parabolic nature
JPS5829260B2 (ja) *	1979-08-02	1983-06-21	日本電信電話株式会社	光通信用光学ガラス
ZA81161B (en) *	1980-01-28	1982-08-25	Pilkington Brothers Ltd	Optical glass fibres and methods of forming such fibres
JPS56117209A (en) *	1980-02-22	1981-09-14	Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd	Manufacture of optical circuit
JPS56164026A (en) *	1980-05-16	1981-12-16	Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt>	Production of basic material for glass for laser
JPS58199747A (ja) *	1982-05-14	1983-11-21	Hoya Corp	屈折率勾配を有するガラス体の製造法
JPS59119739U (ja) *	1983-01-28	1984-08-13	富士電機株式会社	電力用変圧器の差動保護装置
JPS59152238A (ja) *	1983-02-18	1984-08-30	Hoya Corp	屈折率勾配を有するガラス体の製造法
JPS6016730U (ja) *	1983-07-12	1985-02-04	日立電線株式会社	耐放射線性光ファイバ
JPS6088915A (ja) *	1983-10-22	1985-05-18	Hoya Corp	光軸方向に屈折率分布を有するレンズの製造法
JPS6177629A (ja) *	1984-09-21	1986-04-21	Hoya Corp	屈折率分布を有する球レンズの製造法
JPS61271437A (ja) *	1985-05-28	1986-12-01	Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd	搬送原料のサンプリング方法
DE3741393A1 (de) *	1987-12-07	1989-06-15	Siemens Ag	Verfahren zum herstellen von aus hochreinem sio(pfeil abwaerts)2(pfeil abwaerts) bestehenden formkoerpern
JP2545313Y2 (ja) *	1991-11-08	1997-08-25	日新電機株式会社	計器用変圧器

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US2106744A (en) *	1934-03-19	1938-02-01	Corning Glass Works	Treated borosilicate glass
US2522524A (en) *	1946-06-24	1950-09-19	Corning Glass Works	Method of making sealing glasses
CA1020752A (en) *	1973-04-27	1977-11-15	Pedro B. Macedo	Method of producing optical wave guide fibers
US3859073A (en) *	1973-10-19	1975-01-07	Corning Glass Works	Method of producing glass by flame hydrolysis

1976
- 1976-03-10 CA CA000247545A patent/CA1063352A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-15 AU AU11988/76A patent/AU499877B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-16 FR FR7607444A patent/FR2304579A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-03-17 BR BR7601603A patent/BR7601603A/pt unknown
- 1976-03-17 NL NL7602765A patent/NL7602765A/xx active Search and Examination
- 1976-03-17 CH CH332676A patent/CH613049A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-03-17 SE SE7603367A patent/SE7603367L/ unknown
- 1976-03-17 IT IT48616/76A patent/IT1057427B/it active
- 1976-03-18 DE DE19762611496 patent/DE2611496A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1976-03-18 LU LU74597A patent/LU74597A1/xx unknown
- 1976-03-18 JP JP51029758A patent/JPS6021928B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1976-03-18 GB GB10935/76A patent/GB1527436A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-18 DK DK118976A patent/DK118976A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-03-18 IE IE571/76A patent/IE44144B1/en unknown

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
JPS51126207A (en)	1976-11-04
DK118976A (da)	1976-09-19
IT1057427B (it)	1982-03-10
IE44144L (en)	1976-09-18
SE7603367L (sv)	1976-09-19
IE44144B1 (en)	1981-08-26
AU1198876A (en)	1977-09-22
BR7601603A (pt)	1976-09-14
AU499877B2 (en)	1979-05-03
DE2611496A1 (de)	1976-10-14
NL7602765A (nl)	1976-09-21
GB1527436A (en)	1978-10-04
FR2304579A1 (fr)	1976-10-15
LU74597A1 (da)	1976-09-01
FR2304579B1 (da)	1982-12-03
JPS6021928B2 (ja)	1985-05-30
CH613049A5 (en)	1979-08-31

Publication	Publication Date	Title
US4110093A (en)	1978-08-29	Method for producing an impregnated waveguide
CA1063352A (en)	1979-10-02	Method for producing an impregnated waveguide
US4110096A (en)	1978-08-29	Method of precipitation of a dopant in a porous silicate glass
US3938974A (en)	1976-02-17	Method of producing optical wave guide fibers
US4339174A (en)	1982-07-13	High bandwidth optical waveguide
JPS6124348B2 (da)	1986-06-10
US4493720A (en)	1985-01-15	Process for producing doped vitreous silica for preparing a preform for an optical fibre
US4302231A (en)	1981-11-24	Method of producing a glass article having a graded refractive index profile of a parabolic nature
US4707174A (en)	1987-11-17	Fabrication of high-silica glass article
US4181403A (en)	1980-01-01	Optical fiber with compression surface layer
US4236930A (en)	1980-12-02	Optical waveguide and method and compositions for producing same
CA1160845A (en)	1984-01-24	Method of producing optical waveguide
EP0165253B1 (en)	1989-01-11	Fabrication of high-silica glass article
US4188198A (en)	1980-02-12	Joint doping of porous glasses to produce materials with high modifier concentrations
US4313748A (en)	1982-02-02	Method for producing a strengthened glass structural member
US4319905A (en)	1982-03-16	Method of leaching glass preforms
US4299608A (en)	1981-11-10	Joint doping of porous glasses to produce materials with high modifier concentrations
US4248614A (en)	1981-02-03	Method for drawing high-bandwidth optical waveguides
CA1193620A (en)	1985-09-17	Optical waveguide and method and compositions for producing same
CA1113839A (en)	1981-12-08	Optical waveguide and method and compositions for producing same
US4220682A (en)	1980-09-02	Strengthened glass structural member
CA1150737A (en)	1983-07-26	Optical waveguide and method and compositions for producing same
CA1095757A (en)	1981-02-17	Optical fibers formed of aluminum borophosphate glass compositions
IE44145B1 (en)	1981-08-26	Strengthened glass articles and methods for producing them
CA1075910A (en)	1980-04-22	Strengthened glass structural member and method for producing same