CN1052046A - 药物制剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种由以下化合物组成的溶剂系统的药物以非
胃肠道施用的药物制剂:
(a)0至65%(重量)的α-四氢化糠基-ω-羟基-
聚氧化乙烯;
(b)1至100%(重量)具有平均分子量200至
600的聚乙二醇;
(c)0至35%(重量)的水;
组分(a)和(b)的总和至少达到65%(重量),以
及一种或几种具有式(I)的治疗活性化合物
式中R表示由1至3个独立地由F、Cl、Br、I、CF3、
C1至C4-烷基和C1至C4-烷氧基中选出的基团任
意选择地取代的苯基或5-氯-吡啶-2-基;X表示
OH、F、Cl或Br;R2是H或F;而R3是H或F。
Description
许多有治疗活性的物质不能以纯的形式施用。常常需要将这些活性物质与其他组分混合以便生产出可以随时应用的制剂,基于药理学活性物质的化学性质,在将药物制剂用于人类或动物之前有必要采取多种考虑。
当将治疗活性物质以肠胃外的途径施用时,对于固体形式的活性物质通常需要溶解成溶液。已发现常规的水是一种适合的溶剂。虽然期望得到相对高浓度的活性物质以便避免注射不能被很好地耐受的过量体积。但是如果活性物质仅仅少量溶解,就没有可能产生作非胃肠道施用的任何浓的水溶液。在技术上说已有建议应用潜溶剂以便使溶解度小的物质溶于溶液中。但是,在特别是以高浓度形式应用而没有或仅仅加入小量的水时,这些潜溶剂就会有不利的方面-在用于肌肉内注射的情况下特别显著-即缺乏耐受力。因而就有类似于硬结(组织变硬)、出血(流血)和/或坏死(组织的局部死亡)发生于注射部位。
在药学科学杂志〔(Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,52页917 ff(1963)〕中叙述了应用四氢化糠醇、聚乙二醇作为非胃肠道制剂的溶剂,在其中叙述了未稀释地应用而导致的刺激作用。这一文章也叙述了聚乙二醇的应用。在此叙述了以平均分子量为300的聚乙二醇进行肌肉注射可在肌肉束中引起局部缺血(无血)的坏死作用。这一结果是用动物作实验得出的。
在另外的文献中肯定了不应该使用过分高浓度的聚乙二醇的观点。在由Ciba-Geigy,Hoffmann-LaRoche和Sandoz公司组织的一个工作小组编制的药物佐剂的目录中指出,作为非肠胃道施用的具有平均分子量为300的聚乙二醇的最大浓度约等于30%。在浓度超过40%时,就会发现具有平均分子量为300的聚乙二醇(PEG 300)的溶血作用发生。
这一发现也已为O.Kern在Tieraerztliche Rundschau,42,912页ff(1987)中所肯定。已发现对大鼠进行肌内注射未稀释的PEG 300可引致局部缺血的坏死。而且,已经发现对多种动物进行肌内注射40%聚乙二醇的水溶液引起非常明显的组织损坏。
由现有技术可看出,如果以相对低的浓度应用这些溶剂,则可将不同的溶剂用于非胃肠道的制剂。但是应用具有高百分浓度的这些溶剂的制剂则常常导致不希望产生的副作用。
在另一方面,如果治疗的活性化合物在与水介质接触时会形成一种针状的微溶水合物,那么将水介质用于药物制剂是不适合的。因此,在治疗用的活性化合物(特别是三唑化合物)仅微溶于水的情况下,就会发生这种水合物以针状结晶析出的危险。要去解释想以非胃肠道施用的制剂必须以均匀的溶液形式,而且没有从溶液中结晶出来的任何可能性是不必要的。
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种混合溶剂,这种溶剂在非胃肠道使用的情况下,特别是在肌内使用的情况下没有不希望产生的副作用,同时是能以足够的浓度和稳定的状态溶解这些只是少量溶于水的治疗活性物质。
本发明涉及由以下溶剂系统组成的药物制剂:
(a)0至65%(重量)的α-四氢化糠基-ω-羟基聚(氧化乙烯)
(b)10至100%(重量)的具有平均分子量为200至600的聚乙二醇,和
(c)0至35%(重量)的水,(a)和(b)两种组分的总和至少达到65%(重量),和一种和几种具有有显著的抗真菌活性的治疗活性化合物。这些化合物具有以下式(Ⅰ)的结构
式中R1表示任意选择地被1个至3个由独立地从F、Cl、Br、I、CF3、C1至C4-烷基和C1至C4-烷氧基组成的基团组中选出的取代基取代的苯基或者是5-氯-吡啶-2-基;X代表OH、F、Cl或Br;R2是H、CH3或F;而R3是H或F。
较好是应用含有10-45%(重量)的α-四氢化糠基-ω-羟基聚(氧化乙烯)、10-90%(重量)的聚乙二醇和0至35%(重量)的水。一种十分特效的和特别好的组合物是以含有30至55%(重量)聚乙二醇、35至45%(重量)的α-四氢化糠基-ω-羟基聚(氧化乙烯)和10至35%(重)的水的制剂形式的组合物。在各种情况下α-四氢化糠基-ω-羟基聚(氧化乙烯)和聚乙二醇这两种组分的总量至少达到65%(重量)。
根据本发明可以应用的一组化合物是具有式(Ⅱ)的化合物。
式中R是任意选择地被1至3个取代基取代的一个苯基,各取代基是独立地从由F、Cl、Br、I、CF3、C1至C4-烷基和C1至C4-烷氧基组成的基团组中选出的基团,或者是5-氯-吡啶-2-基,而R2是H、CH3或F。在欧洲专利申请公开号118245中叙述了这些化合物,在此特将此公开文献加入作为参考。较好是应用三唑衍生物作为具有显著的抗真菌活性的治疗活性物质。这些化合物具有式(Ⅲ)的结构。
式中R表示由主要从F、Cl、Br、I和CF3组成的一组基团中选出的1个至3个取代基任意选择地取代的一个苯基,而X表示OH、F、Cl或Br。在欧洲专利申请公开号96,569中较详细地叙述了这些化合物。
在本发明中特别适用的化合物包括:
1,3-双(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-2-溴-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-丙烷,
1,3-双(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-2-氯-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-丙烷,
1,3-双(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-2-(4-碘苯基)丙-2-醇,和
2,4-二氟-α,α-双(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基甲基)苯甲醇。
已经发现,在含有0至65%(重量)的α-四氢化糠基-ω-羟基聚(氧化乙烯)、10至100%(重量)聚乙二醇和0至35%(重量)的水的溶剂系统而且α-四氢化糠基-ω-羟基聚(氧化乙烯)和聚乙二醇这两种组分的总和至少相当于溶剂系统的65%(重量)的溶剂系统中式Ⅰ的三唑化合物具有良好的溶解度。
令人惊奇的是,已经发现尽管在含有α-四氢化糠基-ω-羟基聚(氧化乙烯)和聚乙二醇的溶剂系统中加入高达35%(重量)的水,亦可制成在其中含有高达150mg/ml的双-三唑衍生物的溶剂。这些溶剂可在为时7星期的这段时间内在4℃保持稳定而不会有水合物结晶析出。
根据被治疗病人各人的需要,非胃肠道施药的用量包括病人每公斤体重日剂量为0.1和5mg双-三唑衍生物。
而且,与至今在文献中表达的观点相反,当将这些溶液作为肌内注射时对于它们是非常有耐受力的。这是用兔子和狗作实验而得到证明的。因此对于所用的潜溶剂也是有很好的生理耐受力的,特别是当应用双-三唑衍生物时。
所用的聚乙二醇是具有平均的分子量在200和600之间的而较好是在300和400之间的,最好是300的那一种。
已进一步发现,对于在聚乙二醇中的双-三唑化合物溶液有很好的耐受力。甚至用聚乙二醇作为单独组分的溶液在肌内施药的情况下也有良好的耐受力。在用动物作试验中没有发现有出血发生,而有暂时的硬结仅仅是个别的例子。由于溶血的危险,在纯的聚乙二醇中的双-三唑衍生物的溶液仅能于肌内施用而不能于静脉内施用。
根据本发明溶剂系统的应用导致应用在1000mPas以下的胶体来注射,这样可保证良好的可注射性。
以下提供的制备实施例用来说明本发明而并非限制本发明。
实施例1
在搅拌下将5g2,4-二氟-α,α-双(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基甲基)苯甲醇溶于41gα-四氢化糠基-ω-羟基聚(氧化乙烯)和30.8g聚乙二醇300的混合物中,再将30.8g蒸馏水加到此溶液中。在制造过程中将所得的溶液用氮充气,在用过滤消毒后放入安瓿、针剂小瓶或在放入之前用氮气预先充满和放入之后用氮气充气的注射器中。
实施例2
在搅拌下将10g2,4-二氟-α,α-双(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基甲基)苯甲醇溶于102g具有平均分子量300的聚乙二醇中。在制备过程中用氮对该溶液充气并在用过滤消毒后放入安瓿、针剂小瓶或在放入之前用氮气预先充满和在放入之后用氮气充气的注射器中。
实施例3
在搅拌下将10g2,4-二氟-α,α-双(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基甲基)苯甲醇溶于40.4gα-四氢化糠基-ω-羟基聚(氧化乙烯)和60.6g聚乙二醇300的混合物中。在制备过程中用氮气对此溶液充气并在过滤消毒后放入安瓿、针剂小瓶或者在放入之前用氮气预先充满和在放入之后用氮气充气的注射器中。
Claims (15)
1、一种制备由含有以下化合物的溶剂系统组成的药物组合物的方法,
(a)0至65%(重量)的α-四氢化糠基-ω-羟基聚(氧化乙烯),
(b)10至100%(重量)的具有平均分子量为200至600的聚乙二醇;
(c)0至35%(重量)的水,
(a)和(b)两种组分的总和至少达到65%(重量),其中将一种或多种下式(Ⅰ)的治疗活性化合物溶于含有组分(b)和任选地含有组分(a)以及任选地将组分(c)加到该溶液中而成的溶剂系统中
式中R1表示任意选择地由1个至3个独立地从含有F、Cl、Br、I、CF3、C1至C4-烷基和C1至C4-烷氧基的基团组中选出的取代基取代的苯基或5-氯-吡啶-2-基;X表示OH、F、Cl或Br;R2是H、CH3或F;而R3是H或F。
2、根据权利要求1的方法其中在制造过程中用氮气对该溶液充气并通过过滤消毒后放入适当的容器如安瓿、针剂小瓶或在放入之前用氮气预先充满和放入之后用氮气充气的注射器中。
3、根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于溶剂系统的组分(a)含有10至45%(重量)的α-四氢化糠基-ω-羟基聚(氧化乙烯)。
4、根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于溶剂系统的组分(a)中含有35至45%(重量)的α-四氢化糠基-ω-羟基聚(氧化乙烯)。
5、根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于在溶剂系统的组分(b)中含有10至90%(重量)的聚乙二醇。
6、根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于在溶剂系统的组分(b)中含有30至55%(重量)的聚乙二醇。
7、根据权利要求5的方法,其特征在于聚乙二醇具有的平均分子量为300。
8、根据权利要求2的方法,其特征在于使药物制剂适合于非胃肠道施用。
10、根据权利要求9的方法,其特征在于所说的三唑衍生物是1,3-双(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-2-溴-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-丙烷。
11、根据权利要求9的方法,其特征在于所说的三唑衍生物是1,3-双(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-2-氯-2-(2,4-三氯苯基)-丙烷。
12、根据权利要求9的方法,其特征在于所说的三唑衍生物是1,3-双(1H,1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-2-(4-碘苯基)丙-2-醇。
13、根据权利要求9的方法,其特征在于所说的三唑衍生物是2,4-二氟-α,α-双(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基甲基)苯甲醇。
14、根据权利要求1和9至13的方法,其特征在于药物制剂含有30至100mg/ml的三唑衍生物。
15、根据权利要求14的方法,其特征在于所说的药物制剂含有50至100mg/ml的三唑衍生物。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3939492A DE3939492A1 (de) | 1989-11-29 | 1989-11-29 | Pharmazeutische zubereitungen |
| DEP3939492.1 | 1989-11-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1052046A true CN1052046A (zh) | 1991-06-12 |
| CN1035357C CN1035357C (zh) | 1997-07-09 |
Family
ID=6394433
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90109689A Expired - Fee Related CN1035357C (zh) | 1989-11-29 | 1990-11-28 | 含三唑类化合物及一种溶剂系统的药水组合物的制备方法 |
Country Status (29)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5118698A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0430149B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH0660097B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR940000066B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1035357C (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE102051T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU626480B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9006025A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2030911C (zh) |
| CY (1) | CY1970A (zh) |
| CZ (1) | CZ282898B6 (zh) |
| DE (2) | DE3939492A1 (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK0430149T3 (zh) |
| EG (1) | EG19557A (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2062271T3 (zh) |
| FI (1) | FI103713B1 (zh) |
| HK (1) | HK216896A (zh) |
| HU (1) | HU220867B1 (zh) |
| IE (1) | IE64672B1 (zh) |
| IL (1) | IL96450A (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX23518A (zh) |
| MY (1) | MY104540A (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO180475C (zh) |
| NZ (1) | NZ236255A (zh) |
| PT (1) | PT96003B (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2038080C1 (zh) |
| SK (1) | SK595390A3 (zh) |
| YU (1) | YU227290A (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA909549B (zh) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| ATE164080T1 (de) * | 1990-05-10 | 1998-04-15 | Bechgaard Int Res | Pharmazeutische zubereitung enthaltend n- glykofurole und n-äthylenglykole |
| US5397771A (en) * | 1990-05-10 | 1995-03-14 | Bechgaard International Research And Development A/S | Pharmaceutical preparation |
| JP3485540B2 (ja) * | 2000-12-28 | 2004-01-13 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 低騒音トランス |
| WO2002067899A1 (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2002-09-06 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Injectable water-in-oil emulsions |
| EP1471887B1 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2010-04-21 | Elan Pharma International Ltd. | Nanoparticulate compositions having lysozyme as a surface stabilizer |
| EP2283864A1 (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2011-02-16 | Elan Pharma International Ltd. | Liquid dosage compositions fo stable nanoparticulate active agents |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1196284A (en) * | 1982-05-28 | 1985-11-05 | Joshua Oduro-Yeboah | Pharmaceutical formulations |
| GR79307B (zh) * | 1982-06-09 | 1984-10-22 | Pfizer | |
| DK476385A (da) * | 1984-10-19 | 1986-04-20 | Schering Corp | 1,3-bis(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-flour-2-(2,4-difluorphenyl)propan, antifungale midler indeholdende denne forbindelse, og fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af denne forbindelse |
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1989
- 1989-11-29 DE DE3939492A patent/DE3939492A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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1990
- 1990-11-22 IL IL9645090A patent/IL96450A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-24 MY MYPI90002080A patent/MY104540A/en unknown
- 1990-11-26 AT AT90122574T patent/ATE102051T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-26 EP EP90122574A patent/EP0430149B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1990-11-26 DK DK90122574.8T patent/DK0430149T3/da active
- 1990-11-26 FI FI905814A patent/FI103713B1/fi active IP Right Grant
- 1990-11-26 ES ES90122574T patent/ES2062271T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-26 JP JP2322243A patent/JPH0660097B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-26 DE DE69007029T patent/DE69007029T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-27 KR KR1019900019249A patent/KR940000066B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-27 PT PT96003A patent/PT96003B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-27 CA CA002030911A patent/CA2030911C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-27 US US07/618,438 patent/US5118698A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-28 ZA ZA909549A patent/ZA909549B/xx unknown
- 1990-11-28 IE IE428290A patent/IE64672B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-28 MX MX2351890A patent/MX23518A/es unknown
- 1990-11-28 EG EG71290A patent/EG19557A/xx active
- 1990-11-28 HU HU682/90A patent/HU220867B1/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-28 NZ NZ236255A patent/NZ236255A/en unknown
- 1990-11-28 BR BR909006025A patent/BR9006025A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-11-28 RU SU904831852A patent/RU2038080C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-28 AU AU67065/90A patent/AU626480B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-11-28 CN CN90109689A patent/CN1035357C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-28 YU YU227290A patent/YU227290A/sh unknown
- 1990-11-29 CZ CS905953A patent/CZ282898B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-29 SK SK5953-90A patent/SK595390A3/sk unknown
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1996
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