CS226444B2 - Method of preparing 2,3-dichloro-5-trichloromethylpyridine - Google Patents
Method of preparing 2,3-dichloro-5-trichloromethylpyridine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS226444B2 CS226444B2 CS821716A CS171682A CS226444B2 CS 226444 B2 CS226444 B2 CS 226444B2 CS 821716 A CS821716 A CS 821716A CS 171682 A CS171682 A CS 171682A CS 226444 B2 CS226444 B2 CS 226444B2
- Authority
- CS
- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- trichloromethylpyridine
- chloro
- dichloro
- catalyst
- tungsten
- Prior art date
Links
- XVBWGQSXLITICX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloro-5-(trichloromethyl)pyridine Chemical compound ClC1=CC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)=CN=C1Cl XVBWGQSXLITICX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VLJIVLGVKMTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-5-(trichloromethyl)pyridine Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C=N1 VLJIVLGVKMTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- GICWIDZXWJGTCI-UHFFFAOYSA-I molybdenum pentachloride Chemical compound Cl[Mo](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl GICWIDZXWJGTCI-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 6
- KPGXUAIFQMJJFB-UHFFFAOYSA-H tungsten hexachloride Chemical compound Cl[W](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl KPGXUAIFQMJJFB-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- FQNHWXHRAUXLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;tungsten Chemical group [W].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-] FQNHWXHRAUXLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+3] YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003304 ruthenium compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 7
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- ABNQGNFVSFKJGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CN=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 ABNQGNFVSFKJGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-UCVXFZOQSA-N 1-[(2s,3s,4s,5s)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C=C1 DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-UCVXFZOQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNDPLEAVNVOOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5,6-pentachloropyridine Chemical compound ClC1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl DNDPLEAVNVOOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 2,3-dihydro-5-trichloromethylpyridine Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- XLZHJPALXIYDGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dichloro-3-(trichloromethyl)pyridine Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C(Cl)=N1 XLZHJPALXIYDGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKCNYHLTRZIINA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-5-(chloromethyl)pyridine Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 SKCNYHLTRZIINA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRGGMCIBEHEAIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylpyridine Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=N1 NRGGMCIBEHEAIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001701 chloroform Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003303 ruthenium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/20—Carbonyls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/26—Radicals substituted by halogen atoms or nitro radicals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/40—Substitution reactions at carbon centres, e.g. C-C or C-X, i.e. carbon-hetero atom, cross-coupling, C-H activation or ring-opening reactions
- B01J2231/42—Catalytic cross-coupling, i.e. connection of previously not connected C-atoms or C- and X-atoms without rearrangement
- B01J2231/4277—C-X Cross-coupling, e.g. nucleophilic aromatic amination, alkoxylation or analogues
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/60—Complexes comprising metals of Group VI (VIA or VIB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/64—Molybdenum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/60—Complexes comprising metals of Group VI (VIA or VIB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/66—Tungsten
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/821—Ruthenium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/243,166 US4331811A (en) | 1981-03-12 | 1981-03-12 | Preparation of 2,3-dichloro-5-trichloromethylpyridine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS226444B2 true CS226444B2 (en) | 1984-03-19 |
Family
ID=22917601
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS821716A CS226444B2 (en) | 1981-03-12 | 1982-03-12 | Method of preparing 2,3-dichloro-5-trichloromethylpyridine |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4331811A (es) |
| EP (1) | EP0060462B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JPS6017788B2 (es) |
| KR (1) | KR860000584B1 (es) |
| AR (1) | AR229175A1 (es) |
| AU (1) | AU549161B2 (es) |
| BR (1) | BR8201194A (es) |
| CA (1) | CA1162550A (es) |
| CS (1) | CS226444B2 (es) |
| DE (1) | DE3261579D1 (es) |
| DK (1) | DK157855C (es) |
| ES (1) | ES510354A0 (es) |
| GB (1) | GB2094788B (es) |
| HU (1) | HU186912B (es) |
| IL (1) | IL64939A (es) |
| NZ (1) | NZ199723A (es) |
| SU (1) | SU1151202A3 (es) |
| YU (1) | YU52082A (es) |
| ZA (1) | ZA82716B (es) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56125369A (en) * | 1980-03-07 | 1981-10-01 | Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha Ltd | Preparation of 3-halogeno-5-trifluoromethylpyridine compound |
| JPS5877863A (ja) * | 1981-11-04 | 1983-05-11 | Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha Ltd | 3―クロロ―5―トリフルオロメチルピリジン系化合物の製造方法 |
| US4701532A (en) * | 1983-03-25 | 1987-10-20 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method of selectively chlorinating 2-chloro-5-(trichloromethyl) pyridine in the 3-position |
| US4483993A (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1984-11-20 | Kalama Chemical, Inc. | Production of polychlorinated pyridine mixtures by liquid phase chlorination of beta-picoline or beta-picoline hydrochloride |
| FR2569191B1 (fr) * | 1984-08-20 | 1987-07-10 | Solvay | Procede pour la preparation de derives chlores de composes pyridiniques et initiateurs radicalaires utilises dans ce procede |
| US4939263A (en) * | 1989-09-28 | 1990-07-03 | The Dow Chemical Company | Control of isomer distribution in a chlorination process |
| DE69014101T2 (de) * | 1989-12-26 | 1995-03-23 | Sagami Chem Res | Katalysator zur hydrierung, dehydrosilylierung oder hydrosilylierung und dessen verwendung. |
| US5319088A (en) * | 1991-11-26 | 1994-06-07 | Dowelanco | Selective gas phase chlorination of polychlorinated β-picolines to produce 2,3,5,6-tetrachloropyridine and its precursors |
| FI95219C (sv) * | 1992-04-30 | 1996-01-10 | Kwh Pipe Ab Oy | Svetsningsförfarande vid framställning av spirallindat rör och svetshuvud för utförande av förfarandet |
| DK3008040T3 (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2017-07-31 | Cheminova As | Process for preparing 2,3-dichloro-5- (trichloromethyl) pyridine. |
| CN104557683B (zh) * | 2013-10-09 | 2016-11-02 | 李波 | 2,3-二氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶的制备方法 |
| JP2017537887A (ja) * | 2014-10-22 | 2017-12-21 | アクシアル オハイオ、インコーポレイテッド | 多価モリブデン化合物の存在下で塩化炭化水素を生成するためのプロセス |
| CN104529882A (zh) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-22 | 扬州大学 | 一种2,3-二氯-5-三氯甲基吡啶的合成方法 |
| CN107935920A (zh) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-20 | 山东汇盟生物科技有限公司 | 2‑氟‑3‑氯‑5‑三氟甲基吡啶的制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL285543A (es) * | 1961-11-15 | |||
| US3186994A (en) * | 1962-10-18 | 1965-06-01 | Dow Chemical Co | Polychloropyridines |
| US3244722A (en) * | 1964-01-28 | 1966-04-05 | Dow Chemical Co | Certain ethers of (trichloromethyl) pyridine compounds |
| US3420833A (en) * | 1967-09-08 | 1969-01-07 | Dow Chemical Co | Vapor phase production of polychlorinated compounds |
| US3538100A (en) * | 1968-03-15 | 1970-11-03 | Olin Corp | Process for preparing highly chlorinated pyridines |
| US3732230A (en) * | 1970-12-07 | 1973-05-08 | Dow Chemical Co | Liquid phase polychlorination of pyridine hydrochlorides |
| CA1089468A (en) * | 1978-04-24 | 1980-11-11 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for preparing 2,3,5,6-tetrachloropyridine and pentachloropyridine |
| US4256894A (en) * | 1978-04-24 | 1981-03-17 | The Dow Chemical Company | Preparation of chlorinated pyridines |
| CA1084936A (en) * | 1978-06-19 | 1980-09-02 | Dow Chemical Company | Preparation of polychlorinated pyridines from 2,4- dichloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridines |
-
1981
- 1981-03-12 US US06/243,166 patent/US4331811A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1982
- 1982-01-29 CA CA000395224A patent/CA1162550A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-02-04 ZA ZA82716A patent/ZA82716B/xx unknown
- 1982-02-04 AU AU80201/82A patent/AU549161B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-02-05 IL IL64939A patent/IL64939A/xx unknown
- 1982-02-12 GB GB8204260A patent/GB2094788B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-02-12 NZ NZ199723A patent/NZ199723A/en unknown
- 1982-03-03 BR BR8201194A patent/BR8201194A/pt unknown
- 1982-03-05 DE DE8282101747T patent/DE3261579D1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-03-05 EP EP82101747A patent/EP0060462B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-03-10 YU YU00520/82A patent/YU52082A/xx unknown
- 1982-03-11 ES ES510354A patent/ES510354A0/es active Granted
- 1982-03-11 DK DK107482A patent/DK157855C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-03-11 KR KR8201049A patent/KR860000584B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1982-03-11 AR AR288711A patent/AR229175A1/es active
- 1982-03-11 HU HU82753A patent/HU186912B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-03-11 SU SU823407196A patent/SU1151202A3/ru active
- 1982-03-12 JP JP57039262A patent/JPS6017788B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1982-03-12 CS CS821716A patent/CS226444B2/cs unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2094788B (en) | 1984-10-31 |
| NZ199723A (en) | 1984-12-14 |
| DK107482A (da) | 1982-09-13 |
| IL64939A (en) | 1984-09-30 |
| DK157855C (da) | 1990-07-30 |
| US4331811A (en) | 1982-05-25 |
| BR8201194A (pt) | 1983-01-18 |
| GB2094788A (en) | 1982-09-22 |
| ZA82716B (en) | 1983-09-28 |
| ES8303339A1 (es) | 1983-02-01 |
| ES510354A0 (es) | 1983-02-01 |
| HU186912B (en) | 1985-10-28 |
| SU1151202A3 (ru) | 1985-04-15 |
| KR860000584B1 (ko) | 1986-05-17 |
| AR229175A1 (es) | 1983-06-30 |
| YU52082A (en) | 1985-03-20 |
| EP0060462A1 (en) | 1982-09-22 |
| EP0060462B1 (en) | 1984-12-19 |
| DK157855B (da) | 1990-02-26 |
| JPS57165367A (en) | 1982-10-12 |
| AU8020182A (en) | 1982-09-16 |
| CA1162550A (en) | 1984-02-21 |
| DE3261579D1 (en) | 1985-01-31 |
| JPS6017788B2 (ja) | 1985-05-07 |
| AU549161B2 (en) | 1986-01-16 |
| KR830009026A (ko) | 1983-12-17 |
| IL64939A0 (en) | 1982-04-30 |
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