DD283401A5 - Verfahren zur herstellung von epipodophyllotoxinglucosid-4'-acyl-derivaten - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung von epipodophyllotoxinglucosid-4'-acyl-derivaten Download PDF

Info

Publication number: DD283401A5
Authority: DD; German Democratic Republic
Prior art keywords: formula; xii; compounds; group; radical
Prior art date: 1987-12-18

Application number

DD88323314A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

Inventor

Mark G Saulnier

Dolatrai M Vyas

David R Langley

Original Assignee

��`��@��k��

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1987-12-18

Filing date

1988-12-16

Publication date

1990-10-10

1988-12-16 Application filed by ��`��@��k�� filed Critical ��`��@��k��

1990-10-10 Publication of DD283401A5 publication Critical patent/DD283401A5/de

Links

238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 102
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
-1 4-demethylepipodophyllotoxin glucosides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 31
125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 23
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 9
125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
125000000852 azido group Chemical group *N=[N+]=[N-] 0.000 claims description 7
229910052717 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
125000004890 (C1-C6) alkylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
125000000175 2-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 5
YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 4
125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
HCUYBXPSSCRKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosgene Chemical compound ClC(=O)OC(Cl)(Cl)Cl HCUYBXPSSCRKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
125000006700 (C1-C6) alkylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(cyclohexen-1-yl)cyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1C1=CCCCC1 GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
125000000339 4-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
101150065749 Churc1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
102100038239 Protein Churchill Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
125000005236 alkanoylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 2
125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 4-[[(3ar,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13as)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-[(5-methylpyridine-3-carbonyl)amino]-2-oxo-1-propan-2-yl-4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-dodecahydro-3h-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl]oxy]-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound N([C@@]12CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@H]5C(C)(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C(O)=O)CC[C@]5(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@H]3C1=C(C(C2)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)C1=CN=CC(C)=C1 QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 0.000 claims 3
125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl Chemical group [CH3] WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl Chemical class [SH] PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
125000000453 2,2,2-trichloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl 0.000 claims 1
SLRMQYXOBQWXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2154-56-5 Chemical compound [CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 SLRMQYXOBQWXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
101710178035 Chorismate synthase 2 Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
101710152694 Cysteine synthase 2 Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
125000005741 alkyl alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
125000005997 bromomethyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
125000001589 carboacyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 1
125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
229960004279 formaldehyde Drugs 0.000 claims 1
235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
125000006503 p-nitrobenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1[N+]([O-])=O)C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 abstract description 12
239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
YVCVYCSAAZQOJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N podophyllotoxin Natural products COC1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C2C3=CC=4OCOC=4C=C3C(O)C3C2C(OC3)=O)=C1 YVCVYCSAAZQOJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 abstract description 2
230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 102
VJJPUSNTGOMMGY-MRVIYFEKSA-N etoposide Chemical compound COC1=C(O)C(OC)=CC([C@@H]2C3=CC=4OCOC=4C=C3[C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]4O[C@H](C)OC[C@H]4O3)O)[C@@H]3[C@@H]2C(OC3)=O)=C1 VJJPUSNTGOMMGY-MRVIYFEKSA-N 0.000 description 89
229960005420 etoposide Drugs 0.000 description 89
XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 38
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 38
238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 35
RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 22
VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 16
238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 16
HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 15
239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 15
229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 14
239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 12
239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
NRUKOCRGYNPUPR-QBPJDGROSA-N teniposide Chemical compound COC1=C(O)C(OC)=CC([C@@H]2C3=CC=4OCOC=4C=C3[C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]4O[C@@H](OC[C@H]4O3)C=3SC=CC=3)O)[C@@H]3[C@@H]2C(OC3)=O)=C1 NRUKOCRGYNPUPR-QBPJDGROSA-N 0.000 description 11
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 10
239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
229960001278 teniposide Drugs 0.000 description 10
IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 9
206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 8
JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
208000032839 leukemia Diseases 0.000 description 8
BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 8
YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 7
FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 7
239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 7
239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 7
FOVRGQUEGRCWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (5aR)-9t-beta-D-Glucopyranosyloxy-5t-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-(5ar,8at)-5,8,8a,9-tetrahydro-5aH-furo[3',4';6,7]naphtho[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-6-on Natural products COC1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C2C3=CC=4OCOC=4C=C3C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C3C2C(OC3)=O)=C1 FOVRGQUEGRCWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 6
IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
YJGVMLPVUAXIQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N epipodophyllotoxin Natural products COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC(C2C3=CC=4OCOC=4C=C3C(O)C3C2C(OC3)=O)=C1 YJGVMLPVUAXIQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 5
239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
YVCVYCSAAZQOJI-JHQYFNNDSA-N 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin Chemical compound COC1=C(O)C(OC)=CC([C@@H]2C3=CC=4OCOC=4C=C3[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3[C@@H]2C(OC3)=O)=C1 YVCVYCSAAZQOJI-JHQYFNNDSA-N 0.000 description 4
229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 4
239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 4
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 4
239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
FOVRGQUEGRCWPD-BRLGUANISA-N (5s,5ar,8ar,9r)-9-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-5h-[2]benzofuro[6,5-f][1,3]benzodioxol-8-one Chemical compound COC1=C(O)C(OC)=CC([C@@H]2C3=CC=4OCOC=4C=C3[C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O)[C@@H]3[C@@H]2C(OC3)=O)=C1 FOVRGQUEGRCWPD-BRLGUANISA-N 0.000 description 3
NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroperbenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 3
238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 3
150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
YJGVMLPVUAXIQN-XVVDYKMHSA-N podophyllotoxin Chemical compound COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC([C@@H]2C3=CC=4OCOC=4C=C3[C@H](O)[C@@H]3[C@@H]2C(OC3)=O)=C1 YJGVMLPVUAXIQN-XVVDYKMHSA-N 0.000 description 3
229960001237 podophyllotoxin Drugs 0.000 description 3
230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
239000012258 stirred mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 description 3
FBWMYSQUTZRHAT-HZJYTTRNSA-N (9z,12z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(Cl)=O FBWMYSQUTZRHAT-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 2
JYKHAJGLEVKEAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(hydroxymethyl)anthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(CO)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 JYKHAJGLEVKEAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
WAGMYTXJRVPMGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-azidobutanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCN=[N+]=[N-] WAGMYTXJRVPMGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
GRHQDJDRGZFIPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromobutanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCBr GRHQDJDRGZFIPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allylamine Chemical compound NCC=C VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 2
ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 2
CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000000538 analytical sample Substances 0.000 description 2
WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
FZFAMSAMCHXGEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro formate Chemical compound ClOC=O FZFAMSAMCHXGEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
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230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
TWBYWOBDOCUKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isonicotinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 TWBYWOBDOCUKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
NRVFDGZJTPCULU-UHFFFAOYSA-N meda Chemical compound Cl.CN(C)CCS NRVFDGZJTPCULU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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125000001340 2-chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
125000003006 2-dimethylaminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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BAVSOHJMQHHWFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(dimethylamino)butanoyl chloride;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CN(C)CCCC(Cl)=O BAVSOHJMQHHWFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
102000029749 Microtubule Human genes 0.000 description 1
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241001529936 Murinae Species 0.000 description 1
241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 1
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CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 1
150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000000719 anti-leukaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229940041181 antineoplastic drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 description 1
PUJDIJCNWFYVJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl carbamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 PUJDIJCNWFYVJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
HSDAJNMJOMSNEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloroformate Chemical compound ClC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 HSDAJNMJOMSNEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
125000001584 benzyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC1=CC=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
125000004063 butyryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
XNRHTMDHGDWBGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamic acid;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NC(O)=O XNRHTMDHGDWBGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1 NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
239000000890 drug combination Substances 0.000 description 1
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230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
BNTRVUUJBGBGLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;pyridine-4-carbonyl chloride;chloride Chemical compound Cl.ClC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 BNTRVUUJBGBGLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
229930013686 lignan Natural products 0.000 description 1
150000005692 lignans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
235000009408 lignans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000011981 lindlar catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
229940049918 linoleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
GUWHRJQTTVADPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium azide Chemical compound [Li+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] GUWHRJQTTVADPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
XMJHPCRAQCTCFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl chloroformate Chemical compound COC(Cl)=O XMJHPCRAQCTCFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
210000004688 microtubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 1
239000012038 nucleophile Substances 0.000 description 1
REEZZSHJLXOIHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(Cl)=O REEZZSHJLXOIHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
125000002801 octanoyl group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
125000003232 p-nitrobenzoyl group Chemical group [N+](=O)([O-])C1=CC=C(C(=O)*)C=C1 0.000 description 1
125000000636 p-nitrophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)[N+]([O-])=O 0.000 description 1
229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
AHWALFGBDFAJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl carbonochloridate Chemical compound ClC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 AHWALFGBDFAJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229940049953 phenylacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
238000012746 preparative thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
YYFIGOPUHPDIBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propanoic acid;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CCC(O)=O YYFIGOPUHPDIBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
239000008174 sterile solution Substances 0.000 description 1
239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 1
125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
150000003457 sulfones Chemical group 0.000 description 1
238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H15/00—Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H15/20—Carbocyclic rings
- C07H15/24—Condensed ring systems having three or more rings
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H17/00—Compounds containing heterocyclic radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H17/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only oxygen as ring hetero atoms
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents

Landscapes

Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
Biotechnology (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Molecular Biology (AREA)
Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
Biochemistry (AREA)
Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
Public Health (AREA)
Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)

DD88323314A 1987-12-18 1988-12-16 Verfahren zur herstellung von epipodophyllotoxinglucosid-4'-acyl-derivaten DD283401A5 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
US13512987A	1987-12-18	1987-12-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date
DD283401A5 true DD283401A5 (de)	1990-10-10

Family

ID=22466687

Family Applications (2)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
DD88323314A DD283401A5 (de)	1987-12-18	1988-12-16	Verfahren zur herstellung von epipodophyllotoxinglucosid-4'-acyl-derivaten
DD88334711A DD296082A5 (de)	1987-12-18	1988-12-16	Verfahren zur herstellung von zwischenprodukten fuer epipodophyllotoxinglucosid-4'-acylderivate

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
DD88334711A DD296082A5 (de)	1987-12-18	1988-12-16	Verfahren zur herstellung von zwischenprodukten fuer epipodophyllotoxinglucosid-4'-acylderivate

Country Status (16)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP0320988A3 (no)
JP (1)	JPH01279896A (no)
KR (1)	KR910008799B1 (no)
CN (1)	CN1033631A (no)
AU (1)	AU616717B2 (no)
CA (1)	CA1312074C (no)
DD (2)	DD283401A5 (no)
DK (1)	DK702688A (no)
FI (1)	FI885785A7 (no)
HU (1)	HU202548B (no)
MY (1)	MY104067A (no)
NO (1)	NO167668C (no)
NZ (1)	NZ227286A (no)
PT (1)	PT89253B (no)
YU (2)	YU179088A (no)
ZA (2)	ZA886810B (no)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US4868291A (en) *	1987-08-20	1989-09-19	Bristol-Myers Company	4'-deshydroxyepipodophyllotoxin glucosides: synthesis and use
US4965348A (en) *	1989-05-19	1990-10-23	Bristol-Myers Company	Dimeric epipodophyllotoxin glucoside derivatives
US5036055A (en) *	1989-06-07	1991-07-30	Bristol-Myers Company	Acylated derivatives of etoposide
FR2655047A1 (fr) *	1989-11-24	1991-05-31	Pf Medicament	Derives d'etoposide, leur preparation et leur application comme intermediaires de synthese.
CA2122036C (en) *	1991-10-23	2002-09-17	Gillian Anlezark	Bacterial nitroreductase for the reduction of cb 1954 and analogues thereof to a cytotoxic form
AU2002358086B2 (en) *	2001-12-03	2009-06-04	Universitatsklinikum Charite Der Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin Technologie Transferstelle	Podophyllotoxins as antiproliferative agents
GB0421296D0 (en) *	2004-09-24	2004-10-27	Angiogene Pharm Ltd	Bioreductively-activated prodrugs
KR101975843B1 (ko)	2008-05-23	2019-05-09	더 유니버시티 오브 브리티쉬 콜롬비아	리포좀 나노입자에 사용하기 위한 변형된 약물

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
BE546388A (no) *
NL6613143A (no) *	1965-09-21	1967-03-22
EP0111058B1 (en) *	1982-11-26	1987-11-04	Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha	Process for producing 4'-demethyl-epipodophyllotoxin-beta-d-ethylidene-glucoside and acyl-derivative thereof
US4609644A (en) *	1984-06-15	1986-09-02	St. Jude Children's Research Hospital	Epipodophyllotoxinquinone glucoside derivatives, method of production and use
IL77334A (en) *	1985-12-16	1991-04-15	Univ Bar Ilan	Synthesis of 9-epipodophyllotoxin glucoside derivatives and some novel intermediates therefor

1988
- 1988-09-13 ZA ZA886810A patent/ZA886810B/xx unknown
- 1988-09-23 YU YU01790/88A patent/YU179088A/xx unknown
- 1988-12-12 MY MYPI88001432A patent/MY104067A/en unknown
- 1988-12-12 NZ NZ227286A patent/NZ227286A/en unknown
- 1988-12-14 FI FI885785A patent/FI885785A7/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-12-15 CN CN88108637A patent/CN1033631A/zh active Pending
- 1988-12-15 NO NO885565A patent/NO167668C/no unknown
- 1988-12-15 ZA ZA889392A patent/ZA889392B/xx unknown
- 1988-12-16 PT PT89253A patent/PT89253B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-16 DK DK702688A patent/DK702688A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-12-16 DD DD88323314A patent/DD283401A5/de unknown
- 1988-12-16 HU HU886466A patent/HU202548B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-16 EP EP88121146A patent/EP0320988A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-12-16 YU YU228388A patent/YU228388A/sh unknown
- 1988-12-16 DD DD88334711A patent/DD296082A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-17 KR KR1019880016897A patent/KR910008799B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1988-12-19 CA CA000586374A patent/CA1312074C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-12-19 AU AU27062/88A patent/AU616717B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-12-19 JP JP63320316A patent/JPH01279896A/ja active Pending

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
DD296082A5 (de)	1991-11-21
PT89253A (pt)	1989-12-29
NZ227286A (en)	1991-08-27
FI885785A7 (fi)	1989-06-19
YU179088A (en)	1990-02-28
KR910008799B1 (ko)	1991-10-21
EP0320988A2 (en)	1989-06-21
NO885565D0 (no)	1988-12-15
HU202548B (en)	1991-03-28
KR890009965A (ko)	1989-08-05
JPH01279896A (ja)	1989-11-10
AU2706288A (en)	1989-06-29
HUT48641A (en)	1989-06-28
NO885565L (no)	1989-06-19
EP0320988A3 (en)	1990-08-22
NO167668C (no)	1991-11-27
DK702688D0 (da)	1988-12-16
ZA886810B (en)	1989-08-30
PT89253B (pt)	1993-07-30
FI885785A0 (fi)	1988-12-14
CA1312074C (en)	1992-12-29
CN1033631A (zh)	1989-07-05
NO167668B (no)	1991-08-19
MY104067A (en)	1993-11-30
ZA889392B (en)	1989-09-27
DK702688A (da)	1989-06-19
YU228388A (sh)	1993-10-20
AU616717B2 (en)	1991-11-07

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