EP0024340B1 - Procédé de lavage - Google Patents

Procédé de lavage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024340B1
EP0024340B1 EP80104728A EP80104728A EP0024340B1 EP 0024340 B1 EP0024340 B1 EP 0024340B1 EP 80104728 A EP80104728 A EP 80104728A EP 80104728 A EP80104728 A EP 80104728A EP 0024340 B1 EP0024340 B1 EP 0024340B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
component
potassium
washing
sodium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80104728A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0024340A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolf-Achim Dr. Roland
Wolfgang Bechstedt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority to AT80104728T priority Critical patent/ATE4229T1/de
Publication of EP0024340A1 publication Critical patent/EP0024340A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0024340B1 publication Critical patent/EP0024340B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C11D3/2079—Monocarboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/12—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/12—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
    • D06L1/16—Multi-step processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
    • C11D2111/40—Specific cleaning or washing processes
    • C11D2111/44—Multi-step processes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a washing method using a liquid, cold-stable two-component detergent.
  • two-component detergents are understood to mean preparations consisting of two separately produced and stored detergent constituents which are only combined in the wash bath immediately before or at the start of the washing process.
  • both components are cold-stable liquid concentrates, one component containing free fatty acids, fatty acid soaps and other surfactants and the other component containing the alkali required for complete soap formation and further washing alkalis and skeletal salts.
  • GB-PS-338 121 discloses a washing method using a two-component detergent.
  • the first component consists of soap-forming fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, stearic acid or oleic acid, which can be present in a mixture with emulsifiers or solvents, such as sulfated olive oil, hydrocarbons, turpentine and chlorinated hydrocarbons.
  • the second component contains the alkalis required for soap formation, such as alkali hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates and silicates, and is only combined with the 1st component in the wash liquor. Bleaching components can also be added. This process has a number of disadvantages, which play a role in particular in commercial laundries with a high degree of automation.
  • the fatty acids mentioned are difficult to convey and dose automatically, while the use of solvents from the series of hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons poses considerable problems, such as increased risk of fire and explosion or toxicological concerns.
  • the reaction between the fatty acids which are not sufficiently finely dispersed in the washing liquid and the alkali is relatively slow, especially at washing temperatures below 65 ° C. The reaction is also inhibited or partially prevented by the laundry present, so that fatty acid deposits can form on the laundry.
  • FR-PS-1 460 904 starts from aqueous fatty acid emulsions suitable for soap formation, which are combined with the washing alkalis in the wash liquor.
  • the fatty acid which is preferably technical oleic acid or a low-melting fatty acid mixture (titer 45 ° C.)
  • a nonionic emulsifier such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate or monostearate, optionally with the addition of distilled tall oil .
  • Substances with an alkaline reaction must not be added, as these will cause the emulsions to break.
  • the cleaning power of the detergents is comparatively low, since the emulsifiers used do not make any notable contribution to the detergency. Furthermore, the stability, in particular the low-temperature stability, of the emulsion is poor, since segregation occurs below the freezing point, which cannot be easily reversed after heating.
  • DE-A1-2 609 752 discloses a concentrated liquid detergent which contains fatty acid potassium soaps, in particular potassium oleate, nonionic surfactants, sodium alkylbenzenesulfonates with 10-14 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, hydrotropic compounds from the group of low molecular weight alcohols and short-chain alkylbenzenesulfonates and optical Contains brighteners. Free fatty acids are not included in the agents, rather they are completely in the form of the potassium salt. Converted to fatty acid (oleic acid), its share is only 7 to 15.8%, while the share of nonionic surfactant is relatively high at 10 to 25%.
  • fatty acid potassium soaps in particular potassium oleate, nonionic surfactants, sodium alkylbenzenesulfonates with 10-14 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, hydrotropic compounds from the group of low molecular weight alcohols and short-chain alkylbenzenesulfonates and optical Contains brighteners. Free fatty acids
  • liquid detergents can be used both as stand-alone detergents and as detergent-enhancing additives to detergent-containing washing liquors containing conventional builder salts.
  • the builder salts are present as liquid concentrates with a defined composition and should additionally contain alkali metal hydroxides in sufficient quantities to completely convert introduced free fatty acids into soaps.
  • liquid agents of the aforementioned type in particular in the form of highly concentrated, low-foaming preparations which are therefore suitable for washing machines.
  • Highly concentrated agents make it possible to keep packaging, transport and storage costs low.
  • they also have the advantage of being easy to convey and dose.
  • the detergent dosage is specifically matched to the respective washing program, which prevents undesirable or wastewater-incorrect dosing.
  • the phosphate content should also be as low as possible while the washing result remains good and the foam formation rate is low.
  • the fatty acid listed under (a) consists of 60 to 100% by weight, preferably 65 to 95% by weight, of oleic acid.
  • polyunsaturated fatty acids for example linoleic acid
  • linoleic acid can also be present in the fatty acids in proportions of 0 to 25, preferably 1 to 15% by weight.
  • the proportion of saturated fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms is 0 to 35, preferably 2 to 20% by weight, the proportion of stearic acid expediently not exceeding 5% by weight, in particular 3% by weight.
  • Suitable fatty acid mixtures have, for example, the following composition (in% by weight):
  • the content of component A in the fatty acids mentioned under (a) is preferably 20 to 30% by weight.
  • the proportion of the potassium hydroxide mentioned under (b) and of the triethanolamine is in each case preferably 3 to 5% by weight, so that preferably more than 65% by weight of the fatty acid is present as a soap.
  • the ethoxylated alcohols listed under (c) are derived from native or synthetic alcohols, in particular oxo alcohols having 8 to 14, preferably 9 to 12, carbon atoms.
  • the oxo alcohols can be linearly branched or methyl-branched in the 2-position. Mixtures of native alcohols and alcohols obtained by oxo reaction are also suitable.
  • the number of ethylene glycol ether groups is on average 5 to 10, preferably 6 to 8.
  • the proportion of ethoxylated alcohols in the dispersions should be 4 to 10, preferably 5 to 8% by weight.
  • the component (d) consists of linear sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, in particular dodecylbenzenesulfonate, in proportions of 4 to 10, preferably 6 to 8,% by weight.
  • optical brighteners listed under (e) are derived from compounds of the formulas
  • Optical brighteners of the formula I are preferably used, in which R 1 and R 2 represent morpholino, diethanolamino or anilino residues.
  • the optical brighteners are present in proportions of 0.05 to 1, preferably 0.1 to 0.7,% by weight.
  • the component (f) consists of aliphatic C 1 -C 3 alcohols, for example ethanol, propanol and in particular isopropanol, and of the mixtures of the alcohols mentioned.
  • the content of these alcohols in the compositions is preferably up to 12% by weight.
  • Agents containing less than 8% of the alcohols mentioned can also contain hydrotropic ether alcohols derived from C 1 -C 4 monoalcohols and ethylene glycol or propylene glycol or diglycols.
  • the monomethyl, monoethyl, monopropyl, monoisopropyl or monobutyl ethers of ethylene glycol are suitable.
  • the water content of the detergent concentrate is 35 to 50% by weight, preferably up to 45% by weight.
  • the concentrates have an unlimited shelf life within a temperature range between +40 and -10 ° C. Although they become pasty after storage for several weeks at a temperature of -10 ° C, they do not tend to segregate even under such extreme conditions, but instead form readily pourable, largely clear liquids after reheating.
  • additives may also include biocides, fragrances, dyes, stabilizers, other sequestering agents, neutral salts and optical brighteners of other constitution, but the total amount of such additives should not exceed 5% by weight and is preferably less than 2% by weight , so that a negative influence on the cold stability is avoided.
  • Component B which is combined with component A before or at the start of the washing process, is likewise in the form of a liquid, easily metered and, in particular, cold-resistant solution and preferably has the following composition:
  • the mixing ratio of component A with component B according to the above composition is 2: 1 to 1: 5, preferably 1: 2 to 1: 4, the total amount of all detergent components, washing alkalis and sequestering agents in the washing liquor 2 to 8 g / l, is preferably 3 to 6 g / l at a liquor ratio of 1: 4 to 1: 8.
  • the alkalinity of component B and its amount is such that the fatty acids are completely converted into the soaps and, in addition, an excess of alkali is present, so that the pH of the wash liquor is 10.5 to 13.5, preferably 11.2 is up to 13.2.
  • other sequestering compounds may be present, or the ethylenediaminotetraacetate may be replaced by other sequestering agents, e.g. the Na or K salts of polycarboxylic acids, hydroxy or ether polycarboxylic acids, aminopolycarboxylic acids, hydroxyalkanephosphonic acids and aminopolyphosphonic acids can be replaced. Examples include nitrilotriacetic acid, diethylene triamino pentaacetic acid and 1-aminoethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid.
  • further components can also be added, for example sodium aluminum silicates capable of cation exchange according to DE-AS-2 412 837, graying inhibitors such as cellulose ether and cellulose mixed ether, En zymes and bleaches containing active oxygen or active chlorine, optionally with the addition of bleach activators.
  • sodium aluminum silicates capable of cation exchange according to DE-AS-2 412 837 graying inhibitors such as cellulose ether and cellulose mixed ether, En zymes and bleaches containing active oxygen or active chlorine, optionally with the addition of bleach activators.
  • graying inhibitors such as cellulose ether and cellulose mixed ether
  • En zymes and bleaches containing active oxygen or active chlorine optionally with the addition of bleach activators.
  • the water used to prepare the wash liquor should be softened to a degree of hardness of less than 10 ° dH, preferably not more than 5 ° dH (5 mg Ca0 in 100 ml water).
  • the washing process can be carried out in one or more stages, i.e. consist of a pre-wash and a main wash (clear wash). Concentration and washing temperature can be different for the wash cycles and can be 1 to 3 g / l at temperatures of 20 to 60 ° C in the prewash cycle and 2 to 6 g / l at 60 to 95 ° C in the final wash cycle.
  • the detergents used for the process according to the invention are notable for their good storage and cold stability, in particular for their high washing power and low foam formation rate. Therefore, they also tend under critical conditions, e.g. When washing only lightly soiled laundry, such as bed linen, table linen and professional linen, once used, not to overexpand. Due to their low phosphate content and their high percentage of soap in the total surfactant, they are extremely environmentally friendly.
  • the fatty acids (a) used in the recipes had the following composition (in percent by weight):
  • Component c An oxo alcohol of chain length C 9 -C 11 with 7 ethylene glycol ether groups was used as the ethoxylated alcohol (component c).
  • Component (d) consisted of linear Na dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
  • the sodium salt of the compound of the formula I in which R 1 and R 2 were morpholino radicals was used as the optical brightener (component e).
  • Component (g) consisted of isopropanol.
  • the component “salts” means small amounts of Na 2 SO 4 and NaCI which were present as accompanying substances of the alkylbenzenesulfonate and the optical brightener.
  • Table 2 The composition is shown in Table 2.
  • the fatty acid was first mixed with potassium hydroxide in 30% aqueous solution and triethanolamine, the ethoxylate (c) and the alkylbenzenesulfonate (d), which was in the form of a 50% aqueous solution, and then the optical brightener dissolved in isopropanol was stirred in and finally added the water to the specified amount.
  • the concentrates were in the form of yellowish, clear to slightly iridescent solutions which had a low viscosity at room temperature and which remained clear and homogeneous when stored for three weeks in a climatic cabinet at -10 and + 40 ° C. A multiple temperature change between +40 and ⁇ 10 ° C also did not lead to segregation.
  • the concentrates were miscible with water in all proportions.
  • alkaline component B (amounts given in percent by weight):

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Procédé de lavage avec utilisation d'un produit de lavage consistant en deux composants A et B, le composant A consistant en une dispersion aqueuse d'acides gras en C12-C18 formant des savons et leurs savons et le composant B en une solution aqueuse de substances à réactions alcalines capables de saponifier complètement les acides gras du composant A et composés séquestrants, ce procédé se caractérisant en ce que le composant A présente la composition suivante:
a) 15 à 35% en poids d'un acide gras en C12-C18, consistant pour 60 à 100% en poids en acide oléique,
b) 2 à 6% en poids d'hydroxyde de potassium et 2 à 6% en poids de triéthanolamine, leur quantité totale étant réglée de manière que 50% en poids au moins des acides gras soient à l'état de savons de potassium ou de triéthanolamine,
c) 4 à 10% en poids d'un alcool primaire en C8-C14, linéaire ou portant une ramification méthyle en position 2, éthoxylé et portant en moyenne 5 à 12 groupes éther d'éthylène-glycol,
d) 4 à 10% en poids d'un alkylbenzène-sulfonate de sodium à chaîne alkyle linéaire en C10-C14,
e) 0,05 à1 % en poids d'au moins un azureur optique de la classe des acides stilbène-sulfoniques substitués, à l'état de sel de sodium ou de potassium,
f) 5 à 15% en poids d'au moins un alcool à 1 ou 3 atomes de carbone,
g) 35 à 50% en poids d'eau,

et le composant B a la composition suivante:
h) 2 à 7% en poids de tripolyphosphate de sodium et 2 à 7% en poids de tripolyphosphate de potassium, leur quantité totale étant de 5 à 12% en poids, i) 0,5 à 4% en poids d'acide i-hydroxyéthane-1,1--diphosphonique à l'état de sel de sodium ou de potassium,
j) 10 à 20% en poids d'hydroxyde de potassium et 0 à 5% en poids d'hydroxyde de sodium, avec une quantité totale d'hydroxyde alcalin de 10 à 20% en poids,
k) 0,5 à 3,5% en poids d'un silicate de sodium et/ ou de potassium de composition Me20 : Si02 = 1:1 à 1:3,5,
I) 0 à 2,5% en poids d'un autre agent séquestrant de la classe des acides polyaminopolycarboxyliques et des acides polyaminopolyphosphoniques,
m) 50 à 70% en poids d'eau, combinés à un rapport en poids de A à B allant de 2:1 à 1:5 dans une solution de lavage préparée avec de l'eau à un niveau de dureté inférieur à 10° de dureté allemands, de sorte que la teneur totale de la solution de lavage en constituants actifs au lavage, alcalis et agents séquestrants soit de 2 à 8 g/I à un rapport de bain de 1:4 à 1:8, après quoi on procède à une opération de lavage de manière connue en soi.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le composant A est utilisé à la composition suivante:
a) 20 à 30% en poids d'acides gras,
b) 3 à 5% en poids d'hydroxyde de potassium et 3 à 5% en poids de triéthanolamine,
c) 5 à 8% en poids de l'alcool éthoxylé,
d) 6 à 8% en poids d'alkylbenzène-sulfonate,
e) 0,1 à 0,7% en poids d'azureurs optiques,
f) 8 à 12% en poids d'isopropanol,
g) 35 à'45% en poids d'eau.
3. Procédé selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le composant B est utilisé à la composition suivante:
h) 2,5 à 6% en poids de tripolyphosphate de sodium
2,5 à 6% en poids de tripolyphosphate de potassium, la quantité totale des tripolyphosphates étant de préférence de 7 à 10% en poids,
i) 1 à 3% en poids d'acide 1-hydroxyéthane-1,1--diphosphonique,
j) 10 à 20% en poids, de préference 15 à 18% en poids d'hydroxyde de potassium,
k) 1 à 3% en poids d'un silicate de sodium de composition Na20 : Si02 = 1:2 à 1:3,5,
I) 0,2 à 2,5% en poids d'éthylène-diaminotétra- cétate de sodium,
m) 50 à 70% en poids d'eau.
4. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on combine les composants A et B dans un rapport de 1:2 à 1:4 dans une solution de lavage, la quantité totale des constituants actifs au lavage, des alcalis et des agents séquestrants étant de 3 à 6 g/1.
5. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'eau utilisée pour la préparation de lavage a une dureté qui ne dépasse pas 5° de dureté allemands.
EP80104728A 1979-08-18 1980-08-11 Procédé de lavage Expired EP0024340B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80104728T ATE4229T1 (de) 1979-08-18 1980-08-11 Waschverfahren.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792933579 DE2933579A1 (de) 1979-08-18 1979-08-18 Waschverfahren
DE2933579 1979-08-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0024340A1 EP0024340A1 (fr) 1981-03-04
EP0024340B1 true EP0024340B1 (fr) 1983-07-20

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80104728A Expired EP0024340B1 (fr) 1979-08-18 1980-08-11 Procédé de lavage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4288225A (fr)
EP (1) EP0024340B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE4229T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE2933579A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK154842C (fr)

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WO2007016342A2 (fr) 2005-07-28 2007-02-08 High Voltage Graphics, Inc. Articles floques comprenant un insert non compatible et un film poreux
WO2008101115A1 (fr) 2007-02-14 2008-08-21 High Voltage Graphics, Inc. Textile imprime par colorant de sublimation
US9657257B2 (en) * 2007-05-10 2017-05-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Colorant neutralizer
US20080276379A1 (en) * 2007-05-10 2008-11-13 Macdonald John Gavin Methods for discharging colorants
MX2011001888A (es) * 2008-08-25 2011-03-30 Unilever Nv Composicion limpiadora solida conformada.
DE102009029194A1 (de) 2009-09-04 2011-04-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc., Neenah Abtrennung gefärbter Stoffe aus wasserhaltigen Flüssigkeiten
US9220646B2 (en) 2012-03-30 2015-12-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles with improved stain decolorization
JP2016502470A (ja) 2012-10-12 2016-01-28 ハイ ボルテイジ グラフィックス インコーポレイテッドＨｉｇｈ Ｖｏｌｔａｇｅ Ｇｒａｐｈｉｃｓ，Ｉｎｃ． 熱融着可能な可撓性の装飾品およびそれを製造する方法
US9237975B2 (en) 2013-09-27 2016-01-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with side barriers and decolorizing agents

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2933579A1 (de) 1981-03-26
DE3064272D1 (en) 1983-08-25
US4288225A (en) 1981-09-08
DK154842C (da) 1989-05-16
EP0024340A1 (fr) 1981-03-04
ATE4229T1 (de) 1983-08-15
DK321680A (da) 1981-02-19
DK154842B (da) 1988-12-27

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