EP0058778A2 - Appareil de séparation pour céréales - Google Patents

Appareil de séparation pour céréales Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0058778A2
EP0058778A2 EP81110711A EP81110711A EP0058778A2 EP 0058778 A2 EP0058778 A2 EP 0058778A2 EP 81110711 A EP81110711 A EP 81110711A EP 81110711 A EP81110711 A EP 81110711A EP 0058778 A2 EP0058778 A2 EP 0058778A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluidized bed
bed table
separating device
outlet
heavy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP81110711A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0058778A3 (fr
Inventor
Hans Oetiker
Roman Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler AG
Original Assignee
Buehler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buehler AG filed Critical Buehler AG
Publication of EP0058778A2 publication Critical patent/EP0058778A2/fr
Publication of EP0058778A3 publication Critical patent/EP0058778A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/04—Control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
    • B02B1/00—Preparing grain for milling or like processes
    • B02B1/02—Dry treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B4/00—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs
    • B03B4/02—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs using swinging or shaking tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/06—Feeding or discharging arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B07B9/02—Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a separating device for grain and similar grain material with two superimposed, air-permeable fluid bed tables which are mounted so that they can vibrate with respect to a frame, with an inlet leading to the upper fluid bed table, from which, at one end of the device, the upper fluid bed table has an outlet for light weight Grain fraction and the lower vortex table has an outlet for the heavy grain fraction, which is opposite at the other end of an outlet for heavy additions such as stones and the like .
  • Such a device is known for example from the magazine "Tecnica Molitoria", No. 6 of 3/30/63, pp. 133/136 and from CH-PS 587 687.
  • the two fluidized bed tables are arranged in parallel and rigidly connected to one another by a common housing.
  • a common vibratory drive induces a swirling motion that is the same in direction, amplitude and frequency. If the inclination of the fluidized bed tables and the swinging movement are optimally matched to the lower fluidized bed table, disturbances in the material flow can occur on the upper fluidized bed table. If the inclination of the fluidized bed tables and the throwing swing movement are optimally matched to the upper fluidized bed table, there is a risk that larger quantities of the stones will come together are carried out with the remaining granular material.
  • a similar device is shown in Japanese Patent Sho-35-13622. It has two air-permeable separating tables, which can vibrate with respect to a frame and which form a vibrating unit with a common vibrator. As stated in this publication, three different fractions are formed via corresponding outlets, but a fine and coarse fraction of admixtures (dust and sand) and only one fraction of grain material are formed. This solution could only be used in the processing of grain for the extraction of two grain fractions if there were two grain parts of different sizes in the grain, which can be separated by a pure sieving process. This rarely applies to cereals. In most cases, a light grain fraction (gravel, etc.) must be separated from the good grains. The outer grains are not very different from the other grains, but much lighter.
  • the so-called concentrator for example according to CH-PS 547 667
  • the light-grain reader according to CH-PS 527 002.
  • At least the inclination of the lower fluidized bed table can be adjusted by adjusting means.
  • each oscillating drive can be directed through the center of gravity of the associated fluidized bed table, the angle between the plane of the vertebral table and the direction of oscillation of the oscillating drive being adjustable at least in the lower fluidised bed table.
  • the directions of oscillation of the two fluidized bed tables lie in a vertical plane which intersects the fluidized bed table planes at a right angle.
  • the vibratory drive of the upper fluidized bed table from the inlet against the outlet is effective for the light-grain fraction
  • the vibratory drive of the lower fluidized bed table from the outlet for the heavy grain fraction acting against that for the heavy additions is effective for the light-grain fraction
  • the fluidized bed tables are arranged in a closed and laterally delimited housing which is provided under the lower fluid bed table with at least one air inlet opening and above the upper fluid bed table with at least one air outlet opening, the housing having a movable wall part between the two fluid bed tables.
  • This embodiment has the advantage of being able to feed both fluidized bed tables with one air stream using a single blowing or suction air source. If the movable jacket part is formed by a bellows, there is the advantage that the fluidized bed tables can be tilted individually despite the closed housing. They can also be driven by throwing movements of different directions, frequencies and amplitudes.
  • the upper fluidized bed table in the direction from the inlet towards the outlet is divided into at least two areas of different perforations for the light grain fraction, such that the grain fractions mentioned only in the first area following areas can fall through the fluidized bed table.
  • the stones can be brought as close as possible to the stone outlet of the lower fluidized bed table by providing a slide that falls against the stone outlet and leads below the slot or the zone of coarse perforations under the upper fluid bed table.
  • a further optimization of the stone selection quality can be achieved in that the slide between the slot or the zone of coarse perforation and the outlet is adjustable for the light grain fraction.
  • the slide ends particularly advantageously in the area of the stone outlet.
  • the effective surface of the upper fluidized bed table can be selected such that there is a uniformly high fluidized bed and a correspondingly uniform separation of the grain fractions.
  • the inlet has a distribution device which extends over the width of the upper fluidized bed table.
  • the upper fluidized bed table surface is optimally used by immediately creating a uniform fluidized bed away from the inlet, which means that the upper fluidized bed table can be kept small.
  • the upper fluidized bed table is preferably divided in the direction from the inlet toward the outlet for the light grain fraction into a plurality of adjoining transverse zones, means being provided in order to be able to individually adjust the air quantities flowing through the fluid bed table in each zone.
  • This individual adjustability of the amount of air flowing through enables a high level of uniformity in the formation of the fluidized bed, which is achieved in a simple manner by the fact that the means above the upper fluidized bed have transversely arranged table which divide the space above the zones into adjoining chambers, the flow cross-section of each chamber being adjustable by means of an adjustable throttle cap.
  • This constructive measure eliminates the need for complex baffles below the table level of the upper fluidized bed table.
  • the distance between the lower boundary of the walls and the level of the upper fluidized bed table is at most one third, preferably one tenth, of the distance between the levels of the two fluidized bed tables.
  • a uniform air flow through the upper fluidized bed table can be achieved without the air flow through the lower fluid bed table being influenced thereby.
  • the separating device can be kept low if the distance between the lower boundary of the walls and the level of the upper fluidized bed table is at least 1.5 cm, preferably approximately 2 cm.
  • a further floor which extends across its width, can be arranged at least approximately parallel to the upper fluidized bed table, a further outlet for a medium-weight grain fraction adjoining the end of the floor opposite the inlet.
  • two fluidized bed tables 2 and 3 are arranged vertically one above the other in a housing 1. Between the fluidized bed tables 2 and 3 is the housing 1 with a movable wall section
  • the housing 1 Under the lower fluidized bed table 3, the housing 1 is provided with an air inlet opening 5, whereas, above the upper fluidized bed table 3, it has an extraction nozzle 6 which is connected to a suction air source (not shown). The air sucked out through the suction nozzle 6 enters the housing 1 through the air inlet opening 5 and flows through it successively through the lower fluidized bed table 3 and then the fluidized bed table 2 lying above it.
  • the upper fluidized bed table 2 is fixedly connected to the surrounding housing 1 and is mounted so that it can vibrate in a stationary machine stand (not shown). On the outside of the housing, the upper fluidized bed table 2 is assigned a vibratory drive 7, the direction of vibration 8 of which intersects the center of gravity of the upper fluidized bed table.
  • a material inlet 9 is arranged, which extends over the entire width of the fluidized bed table 2 and distributes the material evenly over the entire width of the table with a distribution device 9 '.
  • a light-grain outlet 10 is attached, through which puffy grains, seeds and the like emerge.
  • the upper fluidized bed table 2 is from the material inlet 9 against the Light grain outlet 10 inclined slightly sloping and adjustable in its inclination. Furthermore, in the direction from the material inlet 9 against the light grain outlet 10, the table surface of the fluidized bed table 2 is divided into two successive areas 11 and 12 (FIG. 2). In the first region 11, the diameter of the holes 13 passing through the table surface is chosen to be so small that no grains can fall through it onto the lower fluidized bed table 3. However, it is permissible for sand or dust-like admixtures of heavy parts to already fall through the upper fluidized bed table 2 in the first region 11, which does not impair the separation quality but rather favors it.
  • the granular material forms a fluidized bed in which the heavy admixtures sink downwards and the light grains can rise upwards.
  • this fluidized bed flows in the above-mentioned layering onto the subsequent area 12, the holes 14 penetrating the table surface of which are so large that the grains can fall through them onto the lower fluidized bed table 3.
  • the second area 12 primarily the heavy admixtures fall first, then predominantly the heavy grains and finally the predominant part of the medium-heavy grains through the holes 14, whereas the light grains on the fluidized bed float against the light grain outlet 10.
  • a slot 15 is arranged between the two areas 11 and 12 transversely to the direction of flow of the fluidized bed, through which the stones which are deposited in the first area 11 fall down.
  • a slide 17 is provided which passes under the slot 15 in the direction toward the stone outlet 16 leads and is inclined against it.
  • the slide 17 is preferably adjustable in length so that the transfer of the heavy additives to the lower fluidized bed table 3 can be optimally adjusted.
  • a second floor 17 ′ which extends in the direction towards the first area 11 and is length-adjustable in this direction.
  • the bottom 17 is formed by parallel flaps 19, which have end stub axles 20 in the housing 1 by 90 ° are pivotally mounted. By means of rotary knobs fastened to the stub axles 20, the flaps 19 can be pivoted from a position parallel to the upper fluidized bed table 2 into a position perpendicular to the latter. In the first position, the flaps 19 adjoin one another and form the continuous bottom 17t.
  • the lower fluidized bed table 3 is also firmly connected to the housing 1 surrounding it and is connected to the machine frame (not shown in more detail) via an oscillating bearing.
  • the oscillating bearing consists on the one hand of coil springs 21 and on the other hand of a length-adjustable articulated lever 22 which is connected to the housing 1 on the one hand or the machine frame on the other hand via the joints 23 and 24.
  • the inclination of the upper and lower fluidized bed tables 2 and 3 can be adjusted.
  • the oscillation direction 26 is adjustable such that it intersects the center of gravity of the lower fluidized bed table 3.
  • the oscillation drive 25 can be displaced relative to the fluidized bed table 3 in such a way that the angle enclosed by the oscillation direction 26 with the plane of the fluidized bed table 3 can be adjusted in order to optimize the separation quality on the lower fluidized bed table 3.
  • the table surface of the lower fluidized bed table 3 is formed by a perforated plate, a mesh or the like. The perforation is so small that the granular material and the heavy admixtures (apart from a possible heavy dust content) cannot fall through.
  • the lower fluidized bed table 3 opens into the stone outlet 16, whereas the heavy-grain outlet 27 connects to its opposite end.
  • the granular material passing through the upper fluidized bed table 2 and striking the lower fluidized bed table 3 is then put back into a fluidized bed in which the heavy admixtures settle down and over which the heavy grains are arranged in accordance with the lower floating speed.
  • the latter float, due to the inclination of the fluidized bed table 3, against the heavy grain outlet 27, whereas the heavy admixtures are transported against the stone outlet 16 under the effect of the throwing swing movement of the oscillating drive 25 and are discharged there.
  • each throttle valve 31 which extends across the width of the housing 1 and is rotatably mounted in the housing 1 with stub axles at the ends. With throttle handles placed on the stub axles outside the housing, each throttle valve 31 can be pivoted into any rotational position.
  • the width of each throttle valve 31 corresponds to the width of a chamber 30, so that the air flow through a chamber 30 can be completely blocked or completely released.
  • a uniform passage of air through the upper fluidized bed table 2 can be forced.
  • This can advantageously be achieved in that the distance between the underside of the transverse walls 29 and the table surface of the upper fluidized bed table is at least 1.5 cm, preferably approximately 2 cm. So that the device can be designed with a low overall height without the control of the air passage through the upper fluidized bed table influencing the air passage through the lower fluidized bed table 3, the distance between the underside of the transverse walls 29 to the table surface of the upper fluidized bed table is approximately 1/10, but at most 1/3 of the average distance between the two table surfaces of fluidized bed tables 2 and 3.
  • side walls 33 are pivotable in the second region 12 about pivot axes 32, with which the effective surface of the second region 12 can be reduced correspondingly to the decrease in the fluidized bed volume.
  • These side walls 33 can be adjusted by spindles (not shown) that can be actuated from outside the housing 1.
  • the setup described works as follows.
  • the granular material with the heavy admixtures is fed through the inlet 9 onto the upper fluidized bed table 2 and evenly distributed thereon by the distribution device 9 '.
  • this is induced in the direction of flow by the oscillating drive 7, which is effective in the direction of flow.
  • the two fluidized bed tables 2 and 3 are penetrated vertically by an air stream.
  • the granular material which spreads out on the upper fluidized bed table 2 forms a fluidized bed, a uniform passage of air being forced by adjusting the throttle valves 31 in the upper fluidized bed table 2.
  • an undisturbed fluidized bed is formed, in which the heavy admixtures and the granular material can be stacked on top of each other according to their speed of suspension. If the fluidized bed reaches the slot 15, the width of which is dimensioned such that both the heavy admixtures and the granular material can pass through, the heavy admixtures and heavy grains lying in the bottom of the fluidized bed fall through the slot 15 onto the slide 17 In the further flowing fluidized bed, the heavy grains lying below each fall in the second area 12 on the lower fluidized bed table 3 or on the floor 17t be led away.
  • the quality of the separation work on the lower fluidized bed table 3 is optimized by adjusting the inclination on the articulated lever 22 and by adjusting the throwing swing movement according to the inclination, frequency and amplitude. As can be seen in Fig.
  • a threshold 34 can connect to the slot 15 on the upper fluidized bed table in the flow direction of the fluidized bed. This forces the heavy parts that settle in the first region 11 down through the slot 15 onto the chute 17 or from there onto the lower fluidized bed table 3.
  • the attachment of the threshold 34 is indicated when the separating device has a high throughput without loss the quality of the cutting work is required.
  • the slot 15 between the two regions 11 and 12 can be omitted if the throughput required by the separating device is relatively low. Under this condition, the elimination of the slot 15 does not reduce the quality of the separation work.
  • the quality of the separating work can also be influenced in that the slide 17 can be displaced away from the slot 15 in the direction toward the light-grain outlet 10 and can be locked in any position.
  • the displacement of the slide 17 determines how much of the heavy grains or heavy admixtures passing through second chute 12 of the upper fluidized bed table 2 are to be intercepted by the chute 17 and are to be guided by this against the stone outlet 16.
  • This adjustability of the chute 17 is advantageous if the separating device alternately requires larger or smaller throughputs while maintaining the quality of the separating work, or if there are qualitative and / or quantitative differences in the heavy admixtures in the granular material during different processing campaigns.
  • the slot 45 need not be a continuous opening. It is sufficient if a zone of comparatively coarse perforation is arranged in the area of the slot 15.
  • both the slot 15 and the slide 17 are missing. Instead, a pre-layer channel 35 is delimited on the lower fluidized bed table 3 by two parallel walls 36, into which the material falling through the upper fluidized bed table 2 is separated by two Baffles 37 is passed. The granular material is placed in a fluidized bed on the entire lower fluidized bed table 3, including the pre-layering channel 35.
  • the fluidized bed which forms in the pre-stratification channel 35 initially flows in the direction of the arrows drawn against the stone outlet 16.
  • the heavy admixtures and the heavy grains decrease in accordance with their greater floating speed ten, whereas the lighter grain fractions rise in the area of the layer surface.
  • the length of the pre-stratification channel 35 is preferably chosen to be so large that in the fluidized bed flowing into it up to the channel mouth, this stratification is largely carried out according to the floating speed, so that this pre-stratified fluidized bed in this stratification can pass unchanged onto the rest of the table surface of the fluidized bed 3.
  • the lighter grains are deflected by 180 ° in the direction of the arrows, whereas the heavy admixtures are conveyed in a straight line against the stone outlet 16 under the effect of the throwing swing movement.
  • the grains floating on the lower fluidized bed table 3 and freed from the heavy admixtures enter the heavy grain outlet 27.
  • the lower fluidized bed table 3 can be delimited against the heavy grain outlet 27 by a retention threshold (not shown) which prevents heavy admixtures from being carried away by the heavy grains.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 12 corresponds in principle to that according to FIGS. 9 to 11.
  • the pre-coating channel 35 is laid on one side of the lower fluidized bed table 3.
  • the longitudinal axis of the upper fluidized bed table 2 is rotated here by 90 ° with respect to that of the lower fluidized bed table 3, with the baffles falling through the upper fluidized bed table 2 in the FIGS Pre-layer channel 35 are directed.
  • a pre-layering takes place and the material emerging from the pre-layer channel 35 is transferred unchanged in this layering to the rest of the table surface of the fluidized bed table 3.
  • the heavy admixtures continue to move against the stone outlet 16 with only a slight change of direction, whereas the grains freed from the heavy admixtures are deflected by 180 ° against the heavy grain outlet 27.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
EP81110711A 1981-02-23 1981-12-23 Appareil de séparation pour céréales Ceased EP0058778A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH117081 1981-02-23
CH1170/81 1981-02-23

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85106474A Division EP0159050A1 (fr) 1981-02-23 1981-12-23 Appareil de séparation pour céréales
EP85106474.1 Division-Into 1981-12-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0058778A2 true EP0058778A2 (fr) 1982-09-01
EP0058778A3 EP0058778A3 (fr) 1984-11-21

Family

ID=4204119

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85106474A Withdrawn EP0159050A1 (fr) 1981-02-23 1981-12-23 Appareil de séparation pour céréales
EP81110711A Ceased EP0058778A3 (fr) 1981-02-23 1981-12-23 Appareil de séparation pour céréales

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85106474A Withdrawn EP0159050A1 (fr) 1981-02-23 1981-12-23 Appareil de séparation pour céréales

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4466542A (fr)
EP (2) EP0159050A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS57153774A (fr)
DE (1) DE3148475A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985005049A1 (fr) * 1984-05-08 1985-11-21 Gebrüder Bühler Ag Dispositif et procede permettant le triage separatif du grain
FR2575680A1 (fr) * 1985-01-08 1986-07-11 Pechiney Aluminium Dispositif a lit fluidise pour la separation continue de deux phases solides melangees

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CN102154866B (zh) * 2011-01-26 2013-01-30 白博 一种棉秆原料地膜分离机
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US4466542A (en) 1984-08-21
JPS57153774A (en) 1982-09-22
EP0159050A1 (fr) 1985-10-23
EP0058778A3 (fr) 1984-11-21
DE3148475A1 (de) 1982-09-23
JPS6139873B2 (fr) 1986-09-05

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