EP0090749B1 - Verfahren zum Abkühlen mit niedriger Deformation von metallurgischen Gegenständen - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Abkühlen mit niedriger Deformation von metallurgischen Gegenständen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0090749B1
EP0090749B1 EP83420053A EP83420053A EP0090749B1 EP 0090749 B1 EP0090749 B1 EP 0090749B1 EP 83420053 A EP83420053 A EP 83420053A EP 83420053 A EP83420053 A EP 83420053A EP 0090749 B1 EP0090749 B1 EP 0090749B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
product
cooling
less
nozzles
equal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83420053A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0090749A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Bouvaist
Bruno Dubost
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cegedur Societe de Transformation de lAluminium Pechiney SA
Original Assignee
Cegedur Societe de Transformation de lAluminium Pechiney SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Cegedur Societe de Transformation de lAluminium Pechiney SA filed Critical Cegedur Societe de Transformation de lAluminium Pechiney SA
Priority to AT83420053T priority Critical patent/ATE21268T1/de
Publication of EP0090749A1 publication Critical patent/EP0090749A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0090749B1 publication Critical patent/EP0090749B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/68—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an economical method of cooling metallurgical products which minimizes deformations thereof, while preserving their properties of use.
  • the cooling of metallurgical products is involved in a large number of operations such as casting and solidification, after hot transformation on various tools (rolling mills, spinning presses, etc.) or even in the case of metallurgical quenching .
  • Pneumatic spraying has the disadvantage of being expensive because of the price of the nozzles (ten times higher than that of the mechanical nozzles) and the high cost of investment and operation of the air compressors. In addition, this system is dangerous because of the risk of bursting of the compressed air lines and is excessively noisy.
  • the method according to the invention which eliminates or at least minimizes distortions, aims to cool the metallurgical product of substantially constant thickness with a cooling speed as large as possible and a different cooling mode between approximately two halves adjacent to its outer surface, each of them extending in the long direction or the main plane of the product.
  • the coolant generally used consists essentially of water, possibly supplemented with certain additives (anti-corrosion, anti-foaming agent, etc.).
  • the coating can be carried out at any stage of the production range, prior to cooling provided that the latter remains adherent and retains its effectiveness during the range (for example, the product can be coated before heating in solution. which precedes quenching).
  • the watering be done through the lower part of the products, the long direction thereof being substantially horizontal.
  • the process applies mainly, but not exclusively, to long metal products (wires, bars, tubes, profiles) or flat (strips, sheets, flat) of relatively small transverse dimensions and of substantially constant thicknesses.
  • the thickness of the flat products is preferably less than or equal to 15 mm (which corresponds substantially to a diameter of 30 mm for a solid round bar).
  • the thickness is preferably less than or equal to 35 mm (or to a diameter of approximately 70 mm).
  • the thickness is preferably less than or equal to 8 mm (or to a diameter of about 15 mm).
  • the method is particularly applicable to the quenching of high strength AI alloys for which the characteristics of use (mechanical and / or corrosion resistance) are practically not modified compared to conventional quenching with, however, very small deformations.
  • the surface water deficits remain below 2000 I / min. / M 2 and, preferably, 8001 / min. / M2; the nozzles are placed at a distance of less than 15 cm from the product surface, and the injection pressure is less than 1.5 MPa (15 bars) and preferably 1 MPa (10 bars).
  • FIG. 2 represents the characteristics of deformation after cooling: deflection (f) and tile (t) of a rectangular flat product, initially planar.
  • Three sheets of 400x400x10 mm in aluminum alloys (7075) were quenched by vertical immersion in cold (20 ° C) or hot (60 ° C) water after dissolving for 4 h at 470 ° C in an oven with ventilated air.
  • the sheets A and B, uncoated, were soaked in water tanks at temperatures respectively equal to 20 ° C and 60 ° C.
  • the sheet (C) was quenched by immersion in water at 60 ° C after pickling the surfaces and coating a single large surface by means of a continuous insulating layer of low thermal effusivity, essentially consisting of a mixture of sodium silicate in solution in water, barium sulphate and titanium oxide.
  • Table 1 below gives the quenching rates measured between 400 and 250 ° C at 1.5 mm under each surface by means of thermocouples placed in the center of the large faces of the sheets as well as the macroscopic deformations measured after quenching (maximum arrow the along the horizontal axis - maximum tile along the vertical axis of the sheets), and the mechanical longitudinal tensile characteristics at mid-thickness in the center of the sheets, measured after tempering in the T6 state (24 h at 120 ° VS).
  • the sheet (C) quenched according to the invention by asymmetric cooling is provided with both ca mechanical tensile properties equivalent to those of sheets most rapidly symmetrically hardened in cold water (current practice) and hardening deformation significantly lower than other sheets including sheet (B) symmetrically hardened with speeds of yet relatively slow cooling.
  • Spraying was provided over the entire lower horizontal surface of the sheets by adjacent jets with solid cone jets, with an angle of about 60 °, delivering a surface flow of 1451 / min./m 2 under a pressure of 3 bars (0, 3 MPa).
  • Table II below gives the deformations of the sheets after quenching, the surface electrical conductivity of the sheets five days after quenching (which is all the lower in the quenched-ripened state as the quenching is faster), the speed of average cooling of the sheets in the critical quenching range (400-250 ° C) and the mechanical characteristics on tensile test pieces treated by tempering - T76 (6 h at 107 ° C + 16 h at 160 ° C) after stripping of the coating and controlled traction of the sheets before tempering.
  • the quenched sheets according to the invention have significantly lower residual deformations than those obtained by symmetrical quenching, while retaining substantially equal mechanical properties and although the surface flow rates used here are relatively low.
  • the quenching installation included a 700 mm long quenching window, made up of spraying booms situated on either side of a carriage intended to support and translate the sheets with a modular passage speed, so as to simulate the horizontal quenching at the parade in passage oven outlet.
  • the spray nozzles consisted of sprayers in full cone jets, angle 60 °, supplied with a flow of water at 15 ° C pressurized to 6.5 bars.
  • a sheet was quenched by symmetrical spraying on the two uncoated faces, according to usual practice.
  • the other sheets were quenched by horizontal unilateral spraying on the underside with the same surface flow with coating of the surface to be sprayed with an insulating coating based on sodium silicate.
  • Table III gives the test conditions, the average cooling rates measured between 400 and 250 ° C. by thermocouples in the center of the sheets, the deformations of the sheets after quenching (longitudinal deflection - transverse tile) as well as the sensitivity to intergranular corrosion of the hardened sheets and stripped of the coating evaluated according to the immersion test in solution of sodium chloride and distilled water according to standard AIR 9048.
  • the asymmetrical quenching of the coated sheet metal according to the invention improves both the quenching rates (approximately x2) and the resistance to intergranular corrosion of the alloy as well as the flatness of the sheets while increasing the productivity of the installation (x 3) and by reducing the necessary water consumption (: 2 approximately) compared to the symmetrical quenching of bare sheets.
  • the nozzles gave jets with a full cone, angle 60 °, with a surface flow of 5801 / min./m 2 under a water pressure of 6 bars (0.6 M Pa).
  • Table IV gives the test conditions as well as the cooling rates and the average longitudinal deformations (arrows) after quenching.
  • the results show that the angle iron quenched by unilateral spraying on the coated surface according to the invention has a better compromise between cooling speed and straightness than the angle angles cooled by conventional symmetrical cooling by spraying in the stream or by immersion.
  • the coating and the unilateral quenching significantly increase the productivity (x 3) with acceptable quenching deformations.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Verfahren zum Abkühlen metallurgischer Erzeugnisse (1), die im wesentlichen lang oder eben und von praktisch konstanter Dicke sind, zwecks Minimalhaltung der geometrischen Deformationen ohne Änderung der Verwendungseigenschaften, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man im wesentlichen die Hälfte der Seitenoberfläche mit einem isolierenden oder schlechter wärmeleitenden Überzug (2) als das abzukühlende Erzeugnis (1) vor der Kontaktierung der beschichteten Fläche (2) des Erzeugnisses mit einem wässerigen Kühlmedium (4) beschichtet.
2. Verfahren durch Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abkühlung durch Eintauchen in ein Fluid (oder Gemisch von Fluiden) oder eine Suspension erfolgt.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abkühlung des beschichteten Erzeugnisses durch Bespritzen oder Besprühen mit einem Fluid oder einem Gemisch von Fluiden mit Hilfe von Düsen erfolgt.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Längsrichtung des Erzeugnisses (1) im wesentlichen horizontal ist.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abkühlung des Erzeugnisses von seiner (oder seinen) Unterseite(n) erfolgt.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Erzeugnis (1) ein Erzeugnis aus Aluminiumlegierung mit Wärmebehandlung ist, dessen Querschnitt äquivalent dem eines ebenen Erzeugnisses mit einer Dicke unter oder gleich 15 mm ist.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Erzeugnis (1) ein Erzeugnis aus Kupfer oder Kupferlegierung ist, dessen Querschnitt äquivalent dem eines ebenen Erzeugnisses ist, dessen Dicke unter oder gleich 35 mm ist.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Erzeugnis (1) eine Eisenlegierung ist, deren Querschnitt äquivalent dem des ebenen Erzeugnisses ist, dessen Dicke unter oder gleich 8 mm ist.
9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Oberflächendurchsatz der Düsen unter 2000 1/min./M 2 und vorzugsweise unter 800 I/min./ m2 ist.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Speisungsdruck der Düsen unter 1,5 MPa (15 bar) und vorzugsweise unter 1 MPa (10 bar) ist.
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand der Düsen zum Erzeugnis unter oder gleich 15 cm ist.
EP83420053A 1982-03-25 1983-03-24 Verfahren zum Abkühlen mit niedriger Deformation von metallurgischen Gegenständen Expired EP0090749B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83420053T ATE21268T1 (de) 1982-03-25 1983-03-24 Verfahren zum abkuehlen mit niedriger deformation von metallurgischen gegenstaenden.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8205682 1982-03-25
FR8205682A FR2524001B1 (fr) 1982-03-25 1982-03-25 Procede de refroidissement minimisant les deformation s des produits metallurgiques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0090749A1 EP0090749A1 (de) 1983-10-05
EP0090749B1 true EP0090749B1 (de) 1986-08-06

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Family Applications (1)

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EP83420053A Expired EP0090749B1 (de) 1982-03-25 1983-03-24 Verfahren zum Abkühlen mit niedriger Deformation von metallurgischen Gegenständen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0090749B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE21268T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3365078D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8402356A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2524001B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD242428B1 (de) * 1985-08-19 1988-06-29 Ve Kom Forsttechnik Waren Stam Verfahren und einrichtung zum haerten von stahlblechen
AT391882B (de) * 1987-08-31 1990-12-10 Boehler Gmbh Verfahren zur waermebehandlung von alpha/beta-ti- legierungen und verwendung einer sprueheinrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
FR2680522A1 (fr) * 1991-08-21 1993-02-26 Snecma Procede de traitement thermique de pieces en superalliages avec mise en place d'une barriere thermique avant trempe.
FR2848480B1 (fr) 2002-12-17 2005-01-21 Pechiney Rhenalu Procede de fabrication d'elements structuraux par usinage de toles epaisses
CN100415902C (zh) * 2006-08-03 2008-09-03 上海交通大学 采用碳分配提高钢件表面硬度的方法
CN104998906A (zh) * 2015-06-17 2015-10-28 铜陵市大明玛钢有限责任公司 锻钢冷轧辊的表面清洗方法
RU2735698C1 (ru) * 2019-10-10 2020-11-06 Виктор Леонидович Князьков Способ электродугового упрочнения стальных изделий
CN116179813B (zh) * 2023-03-15 2026-04-10 桑尼泰克(宁国)铝制品有限公司 一种铝合金在线淬火设备

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR706652A (fr) * 1929-12-18 1931-06-27 Fried Krupp Ag Friedrich Alfre Procédé et appareil pour le traitement thermique de profilés après le laminage
FR698201A (fr) * 1930-06-30 1931-01-28 Berliner Hartepulver Ges M B H Couche protectrice pour enrober des points déterminés de métaux à tremper
DE955042C (de) * 1953-08-02 1956-12-27 Friedrichshuette Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abkuehlen von warmgewalztem, flachem Walzgut
BE648850A (de) * 1963-06-04
FR1430702A (fr) * 1964-04-22 1966-03-04 United Eng Foundry Co Procédé et appareil pour le refroidissement de produits
JPS4927923B1 (de) * 1968-03-19 1974-07-22
JPS5318162B2 (de) * 1973-06-08 1978-06-13
DE2447019C3 (de) * 1974-10-02 1978-11-16 Stahlwerke Roechling - Burbach Gmbh, 6620 Voelklingen Verfahren zum Abkühlen von gewalzten Profilen

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Int. J. Multiphase Flow, vol. 2 (1975), p. 183-190 *
Mem. Scient. Rev. Métallurgie LXVIII, no. 6 (1971) p. 391-400 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2524001A1 (fr) 1983-09-30
EP0090749A1 (de) 1983-10-05
ATE21268T1 (de) 1986-08-15
FR2524001B1 (fr) 1987-02-20
ES520920A0 (es) 1984-01-16
DE3365078D1 (en) 1986-09-11
ES8402356A1 (es) 1984-01-16

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