EP0338944B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der Rückfederung beim Biegen eines länglichen Teiles wie z. B. eines Rohres. - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der Rückfederung beim Biegen eines länglichen Teiles wie z. B. eines Rohres. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0338944B1
EP0338944B1 EP89420106A EP89420106A EP0338944B1 EP 0338944 B1 EP0338944 B1 EP 0338944B1 EP 89420106 A EP89420106 A EP 89420106A EP 89420106 A EP89420106 A EP 89420106A EP 0338944 B1 EP0338944 B1 EP 0338944B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
bend
bending
located behind
forming member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89420106A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0338944A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Lafrasse
Jean-Paul Chastan
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Eaton Leonard Picot SA
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Eaton Leonard Picot SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eaton Leonard Picot SA filed Critical Eaton Leonard Picot SA
Priority to AT89420106T priority Critical patent/ATE70473T1/de
Publication of EP0338944A1 publication Critical patent/EP0338944A1/de
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Publication of EP0338944B1 publication Critical patent/EP0338944B1/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/14—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes combined with measuring of bends or lengths
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S72/00—Metal deforming
    • Y10S72/702—Overbending to compensate for springback

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling the elastic return, during a bending operation of a deformable elongated element.
  • the invention also relates to a device, associated with a bending tool, which is intended for the implementation of this control method.
  • This invention applies more particularly, but not exclusively, to the control of the elastic return of the tubes, on automatic machines for bending the tubes.
  • the bending of the tubes, aimed at forming on these tubes bends characterized by their radius and their angle, is carried out by means of tools usually comprising: a forming roller rotating around an axis orthogonal to the initial direction of the tube to be bent, having at its periphery an annular groove and supporting, or forming by itself, a first jaw - a second jaw carried by a bending arm mounted rotating around the axis of the forming roller, the second jaw being movable on the arm and cooperating with the first jaw to grip and drive the tube to be bent - a strip parallel to the initial direction of the tube, located behind the jaws and intended to be applied laterally against the tube to be bent.
  • this part is clamped between the two jaws and driven forward by the control of rotation of the bending arm, so as to wind in the groove of the forming roller, while that the strip, applied laterally against the tube behind the part being bent, avoids any unwanted deformation of the tube beyond the part to be bent, and ensures the reaction to bending forces.
  • the dimensional characteristics of the forming roller determine the radius of the bend thus formed on the tube, while the angle of rotation of the bending arm determines the angle of the bend.
  • the final angle of the elbow is always less than the angle of the controlled rotation of the bending arm.
  • a known method for controlling the elastic return consists in detecting the extent of this elastic return on the bending machine, by means of mechanical probes.
  • the implementation of this known method requires an opening of the jaws, releasing the tube in its part which has just been bent, the feelers coming into contact with the region of the tube situated in front of the bend formed.
  • the main drawback of the existing process lies in the fact that after detection of the elastic return, it is practically impossible to resume bending the tube, taking account of this elastic return, to bring the elbow exactly to the desired angle value. Indeed, the tube should be clamped again between the two previously opened jaws. However, it is impossible to pinch the tube again in a manner identical to the previous bending. This results in a marking of the tube by the jaws, which makes this tube unusable subsequently. Thus, the tube used to control the elastic return is a lost tube, which is difficult to accept in the case of expensive tubes due to their dimensions and / or their material.
  • the probes currently used for controlling the elastic return constitute on the bending machines additional bulky and annoying devices, located in the bending zone.
  • the elastic return of the tube takes place freely, while this tube remains clamped between the jaws of the bending tool.
  • the detection of the elastic return is made in the released part of the tube, located behind the elbow, away from the bending zone.
  • the bending can then be resumed, taking into account the elastic return, without at any time interrupting the tightening of the tube in its part located in before the elbow therefore without marking the tube; the tube used for the control of the elastic return is therefore never lost, and consequently the principle of such a method proves to be advantageous.
  • the document DD-A-109331 only proposes, for measuring or locating the elastic return of the tube, a device comprising a part provided with an angular scale, mounted on the released part of the tube, and an optical sighting system. mounted on the frame of the bending machine.
  • Such a device therefore forms a kind of external measuring instrument, and its implementation requires the addition of complementary elements on the machine and on the tube to be bent, which constitutes a first drawback.
  • the aim of the present invention is to allow rapid and automatic measurement and correction of the elastic return, without the addition of external measurement elements, in particular on the tube, and also by eliminating human intervention such as aiming and reading a graduation, this by simple means and particularly suitable for bending machines with numerical control, currently very common, having means of calculation.
  • the invention relates to a method for controlling the elastic return, when bending an elongate deformable element such as a tube by winding this element around a forming member, with clamping of this element in a part located in front of an elbow to be formed, the method providing in known manner that after execution of the elbow, the part of the elongated element such as a tube situated in front of this elbow remains tight, while the part of said element situated in the rear of the elbow is released, and that a measurement or a marking, determining the extent of the elastic return, is carried out on the released part of said element situated behind the elbow, and this method being characterized in that the detection of the elastic return is carried out, after release of the elongated element such as tube in its part situated behind the elbow, by making this element and the forming member describe a rotation around the axis of the elbow, and by detecting the instant when the part of said element situated behind the elbow reaches a determined position, as well as the angular position of the forming member at this instant; then knowing
  • the part of the elongated element such as a tube, located behind the elbow can in particular be released after the elbow has been executed by loosening the clamp holding said element and by spacing the strip applied laterally against this element during bending, in the case of a bending machine provided with a clamp and a strip.
  • the release of the part of the elongated element such as a tube, situated behind the elbow is carried out only after the forming member has described a rotation in the opposite direction to that of the bending previously carried out, and of value equal to the theoretical elastic return angle, minus a small angular deviation.
  • the invention also relates to a bending tool comprising a device for controlling the elastic return, the assembly being intended for the implementation of the method defined above.
  • the bending tool conventionally comprises a rotary forming member, supporting or forming by itself a first jaw, a bending arm mounted rotating around the axis of the forming member, a second jaw carried by the bending arm, and a strip movable transversely and adapted to be applied laterally against the elongated element such as a tube
  • the device for controlling the elastic return itself itself comprises, in a known manner, a detection means disposed behind the bending tool, and able to detect at least one position of the part of the bent element located behind the elbow, after release of this part; according to the invention, the detection means is provided for detecting the instant of passage of the part of the curved element, situated behind the elbow, in a determined position, this during the rotation of this element and of the 'forming member, the angular position of the forming member at the time of this detection providing an indication of the
  • the detection means is, for example, a photoelectric cell detecting the instant when the part of the curved element situated behind the elbow cuts a ray of light during its rotation.
  • the detection means is carried by the strip belonging to the bending tool, this strip being separated from said element and placed in a determined position, to release the part of the element considered located behind the elbow.
  • the detection means is carried by the rear end of the strip.
  • the device thus has a minimal bulk, and it is located away from the bending zone; although carried by a mobile member, namely the slide, this device occupies a fixed position, perfectly defined, when it intervenes to determine the extent of the elastic return of the tube, or other elongated element.
  • FIGS 1 to 5 of the drawing very schematically show the bending tool of a tube bending machine, and they illustrate the successive phases of a process for controlling the elastic return of a tube, in accordance with the present invention.
  • these figures show a tool comprising a forming roller 1, mounted rotating around its axis 2 and having, at its periphery, a groove 3 at least partially annular.
  • a bending arm 4 Around the axis 2 is also mounted rotating a bending arm 4, which carries a jaw 5 movable in the radial direction.
  • the jaw 5 cooperates with a part 6 of the forming roller 1, located opposite, to clamp a bending tube 7 which is initially straight, the initial axis of the tube 7 being indicated at 8.
  • the bending tool further comprises a strip 9, extending parallel to the axis 8 of the tube to be bent 7, and itself having a longitudinal groove 10.
  • the strip 9 is movable transversely, as indicated by an arrow 11, to be able to be either applied laterally against the tube 7, behind the part to be bent, or separated from the tube 7.
  • this strip 9 can be moved longitudinally, therefore parallel to the axis 8, to accompany the tube 7 in its advance movement described during bending.
  • the bending tube 7 is held, behind its bending part, by means of a clamp 12 carried by a carriage not shown, movable in the direction of the axis 8.
  • the movement of the carriage provided with the clamp 12 allows to bring, at the level of the tool previously described, the part of the tube 7 which must be bent.
  • this tube 7 is clamped between the movable jaw 5 and the part 6 of the forming roller 1, the strip 9 is also applied against the tube 7, and the bending arm 4 d is rotated '' a certain angle A around axis 2, in the direction of arrow F, as shown in Figure 1 which indicates the stop position of the arm 4 at the end of bending.
  • the tube 7 is first bent to a known value, by controlled rotation of the bending arm 4, according to the angle A, as described previously with reference to the figure 1.
  • the clamp 12 is loosened and the carriage, carrying this clamp 12, is moved backwards. Then, the strip 9 is slightly separated from the tube 7, as shown in Figure 4. Simultaneously, the strip 9 can be moved back (in the case of a strip 9 movable also longitudinally), so as to be returned to a position of reference, perfectly defined.
  • the bent tube 7 is entirely released in its part forming an elbow 7a, and also over its entire part 7b situated behind the elbow 7a.
  • the tube 7 remains pinched between the jaw 5 and the part 6 of the forming roller 1, in its part 7c situated in front of its elbow 7a, the jaw 5 being at no time loose.
  • the release of the elbow 7a from the tube 7 then allows it to complete its elastic return which was previously limited to the value of the angle B; this means that the direction of the part 7b of the tube 7, located behind the elbow 7a can deviate slightly from the axis 8.
  • the next phase involves a detection element, placed in a determined position behind the bending zone.
  • the detection element is a photoelectric cell 13, carried by the rear end of the strip 9.
  • This last phase consists in rotating the forming roller 1 and the bending arm 4, in the same direction as during bending, therefore in the direction of the arrow F, the rotation of the arm 4 being accompanied by a rotation of the 'assembly of the bent tube 7 around the axis 2, without the elbow 7a of this tube 7 is deformed.
  • the rotation is automatically stopped when the rear part 7b of the tube 7 cuts the light beam from the photoelectric cell 13, this part 7b then forming an angle C with the direction of the axis 8 - see FIG. 5.
  • the angular position of the forming roller 1 and the bending arm 4 is "read" automatically, by means of an encoder provided on the bending machine. It is understood that this angular position is a variable which depends on the position taken by the tube 7 after release of its elbow 7a, therefore a variable depending on the angular difference E defined above. Consequently, a calculation makes it possible to determine then, from the angular position of the forming roller 1, an indication of the effective value of the elastic return of the tube 7.
  • the method is thus applicable to the initial adjustment of a machine for bending tubes, before the execution of a series of all identical bends, with the advantage that the first tube, used for focusing, is neither lost, or even marked by a loosening of the jaw 5 which would be followed by a tightening.
  • This process can also be used to carry out a "sampling" check during the execution of a series of bends.
  • the implementation of the method can be done on automatic machines for bending tubes, new or existing, the addition of the detection element (cell 13) on an existing machine constituting only a very limited transformation, easily achievable .
  • the speed and automatism of the process make it possible, in certain cases, to apply this process not only for an initial adjustment of the machine but also for a control during the execution of each elbow. This is particularly the case for the bending of heterogeneous tubes, for example with differences in hardness, weld beads, a non-constant thickness or outside diameter.
  • the invention is not necessarily linked to the presence of the clamp 12 and the carriage carrying this clamp, and it can also be applied to a bending machine without a carriage.
  • the method of the invention is not limited to the bending of the tubes, and it also relates to any elongated element, such as a bar or profile, bent by similar means and also subject to the phenomenon of elastic return.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Verfahren zur Prüfung der elastischen Rückbewegung beim Biegen eines langgestreckten, deformierbaren Elements, wie eines Rohrs (7), durch Herumwickeln dieses Elements um ein Formwerkzeug (1), wobei dieses Element (durch 5) in einem Bereich (7c) festgespannt wird, der vor einer zu formenden Biegung (7a) liegt, und wobei bei diesem Verfahren vorgesehen ist, daß nach der Ausführung der Biegung (7a) der vor dieser Biegung (7a) liegende Bereich (7c) des langgestreckten Elements, wie des Rohrs (7), festgespannt bleibt, während der hinter der Biegung (7a) liegende Bereich (7b) des besagten Elements (7) freigelassen wird, und daß eine Messung oder eine Ermittlung der Größe der elastischen Rückbewegung am freigelassenen, hinter der Biegung (7a) liegenden Bereich (7b) des besagten Elements (7) durchgeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erfassung der elastischen Rückbewegung nach dem Freilassen des langgestreckten Elements, wie des Rohrs (7), an dessen hinter der Biegung (7a) liegendem Bereich (7b) durchgeführt wird, indem an diesem Element (7), wie auch an dem Formwerkzeug (1), eine Drehung um die Achse (2) der Biegung (7a) vollzogen wird, und indem der Zeitpunkt, in dem der hinter der Biegung (7a) liegende Bereich (7b) des besagten Elements (7) eine vorbestimmte Position erreicht, sowie die Winkelposition des Formwerkzeugs (1) zu diesem Zeitpunkt erfaßt werden.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der hinter der Biegung (7a) liegende Bereich (7b) des langgestreckten Elements, wie des Rohrs (7), nach der Ausführung der Biegung (7a) durch Lösen einer das besagte Element (7) haltenden Zange (12) und durch Ausweichen einer Gleitschiene (9) freigelassen wird, die beim Biegen lateral gegen dieses Element (7) gedrückt wird.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der hinter der Biegung (7a) liegende Bereich (7b) des langgestreckten Elements, wie des Rohrs (7), erst freigelassen wird, nachdem das Formwerkzeug (1) eine Drehung im entgegengesetzten Drehsinn gegenüber dem (F) des zuvor durchgeführten Biegevorgangs und um einen dem theoretischen Winkel der elastischen Rückbewegung entsprechenden Betrag (B) vermindert um einen kleinen Drehwinkel (E) vollzogen hat.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach der Ermittlung der Größe der elastischen Rückbewegung der Biegevorgang des langgestreckten Elements, wie des Rohrs (7), unter Berücksichtigung der elastischen Rückbewegung wiederaufgenommen wird, ohne zu irgendeinem Zeitpunkt die Einspannung dieses Elements (7) an seinem vor der Biegung (7a) liegenden Bereich (7c) aufzuheben.
5. Biegeeinrichtung für ein langgestrecktes Element, wie ein Rohr (7), die eine Vorrichtung zur Prüfung der elastischen Rückbewegung dieses Elements aufweist, zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die Biegeeinrichtung ein drehbares Formwerkzeug (1) aufweist, das eine erste Spannbacke (6), einen drehbar um die Achse des Formwerkzeugs (1) montierten Biegearm (4), eine zweite, vom Biegearm (4) getragene Spannbacke (5) und eine Gleitschiene (9) enthält oder selbst bildet, die transversal verschiebbar und dazu geeignet ist, lateral an das langgestreckte Element, wie das Rohr (7) angelegt zu werden, während die Vorrichtung zur Prüfung der elastischen Rückbewegung selbst hinter der Biegeeinrichtung (1, 4, 5, 9) angeordnete und zur Erfassung wenigstens einer Position des hinter der Biegung (7a) liegenden Bereichs (7b) des gebogenen Elements (7) nach dem Freilassen dieses Bereichs (7b) geeignete Erfassungsmittel (13) enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erfassungsmittel (13) zur Erfassung des Zeitpunkts vorgesehen sind, in dem der hinter der Biegung (7a) liegende Bereich (7b) des gebogenen Elements (7) im Laufe der Drehung dieses Elements (7) und des Formwerkzeugs (1) eine vorbestimmte Position überstreicht, wobei die Winkelposition des Formwerkzeugs (1) zum Zeitpunkt der Erfassung eine Angabe für die Größe der elastischen Rückbewegung liefert.
6. Biegeeinrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Erfassungsmittel als Fotozelle (13) ausgebildet sind, die den Zeitpunkt erfassen, in dem der hinter der Biegung (7a) liegende Bereich (7b) des gebogenen Elements (7) im Laufe seiner Drehung einen Lichtstrahl schneidet.
7. Biegeeinrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erfassungsmittel (13) von einer zu dieser Biegeeinrichtung gehörenden Gleitschiene (9) getragen werden.
8. Biegeeinrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erfassungsmittel (13) vom äußersten Ende der Gleitschiene (9) getragen werden.
EP89420106A 1988-04-21 1989-03-24 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der Rückfederung beim Biegen eines länglichen Teiles wie z. B. eines Rohres. Expired - Lifetime EP0338944B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89420106T ATE70473T1 (de) 1988-04-21 1989-03-24 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kontrolle der rueckfederung beim biegen eines laenglichen teiles wie z. b. eines rohres.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8805714A FR2630358B1 (fr) 1988-04-21 1988-04-21 Procede et dispositif pour le controle du retour elastique, lors du cintrage d'un element allonge tel que tube
FR8805714 1988-04-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0338944A1 EP0338944A1 (de) 1989-10-25
EP0338944B1 true EP0338944B1 (de) 1991-12-18

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EP89420106A Expired - Lifetime EP0338944B1 (de) 1988-04-21 1989-03-24 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der Rückfederung beim Biegen eines länglichen Teiles wie z. B. eines Rohres.

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4979385A (de)
EP (1) EP0338944B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH01306021A (de)
AT (1) ATE70473T1 (de)
DE (2) DE68900564D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2028465T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2630358B1 (de)

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CN102632118B (zh) * 2012-05-08 2014-04-02 古河奇宏电子（苏州）有限公司 热管用自动折弯装置
CN105642758A (zh) * 2016-02-22 2016-06-08 浙江金禾成汽车空调有限公司 冷凝器u形弯管成型模具
SG10201907808VA (en) * 2018-09-05 2020-04-29 Blm Spa Machine for the working of tubes provided with a device for detecting any slippage of the tube being worked
CN110779468B (zh) * 2019-10-17 2024-05-07 浙江工业大学之江学院 一种金属管件弯曲回弹测量装置
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JP7603281B2 (ja) * 2021-09-17 2024-12-20 学校法人同志社 スプリングバック量予測方法、異形鉄筋の曲げ加工方法
CN114210787A (zh) * 2021-12-11 2022-03-22 大庆珑达建工集团有限公司 一种房建施水电管线铺设用辅助设备
CN116020921A (zh) * 2023-03-29 2023-04-28 山东津晨佳金属制品有限公司 一种无缝钢管弯管机的角度实时检测装置及控制方法
CN117259518B (zh) * 2023-11-21 2024-02-23 成都源流立创科技有限公司 一种精确控制弯管角度的弯管装置及方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2630358B1 (fr) 1993-12-10
EP0338944A1 (de) 1989-10-25
US4979385A (en) 1990-12-25
DE68900564D1 (de) 1992-01-30
DE338944T1 (de) 1990-07-05
ATE70473T1 (de) 1992-01-15
FR2630358A1 (fr) 1989-10-27
ES2028465T3 (es) 1992-07-01
JPH01306021A (ja) 1989-12-11

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