EP0440126A1 - Antenne mit geschlitzten Hohlleitern, insbesondere für Weltraumradar - Google Patents

Antenne mit geschlitzten Hohlleitern, insbesondere für Weltraumradar Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0440126A1
EP0440126A1 EP91101053A EP91101053A EP0440126A1 EP 0440126 A1 EP0440126 A1 EP 0440126A1 EP 91101053 A EP91101053 A EP 91101053A EP 91101053 A EP91101053 A EP 91101053A EP 0440126 A1 EP0440126 A1 EP 0440126A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waveguides
antenna
antenna according
guides
slots
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91101053A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gérard Caille
Pascal Lefeuvre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Original Assignee
Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Espace Industries SA filed Critical Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Publication of EP0440126A1 publication Critical patent/EP0440126A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
    • H01Q21/0043—Slotted waveguides
    • H01Q21/005—Slotted waveguides arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bipolar antenna in slot waveguides, in particular for space radars.
  • a radar observation satellite operating on the principle of lateral aiming and opening synthesis requires a very large antenna (close to 2 mx 8 m in X band), with electronic agility in elevation, emitting and receiving successively in two orthogonal linear polarizations.
  • the antenna of the invention corresponds to the demand for observation satellites, in particular terrestrial resources (vegetation, hydrology, oceanography) which can observe in X band (between 9.5 and 9.8 GHz) in the two H and V.
  • the necessary radiating surface dimensions do not allow the superimposition on a satellite of two different antennas, one by polarization.
  • Bipolarized "patches” do not perform well in X band if we limit our to a number of electronic modules less than 500, for reasons of mass and cost. Indeed, the large electronic scanning in elevation imposing a phase control by horizontal line of radiating elements, these lines must have a length of 2 to 4 m (one per folding antenna panel), and the ohmic losses would be too strong in printed technology.
  • the slotted guides are the radiating elements ensuring the lowest losses in X-band over a long length; but each type of guide radiates only one polarization.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these various drawbacks.
  • an antenna in slotted waveguides in particular for space radars comprising rectangular waveguides arranged parallel along a common wall, two neighboring guides being separated from one another by the same wall, the last wall of each guide, situated opposite the common wall, being provided with radiating slots, characterized in that it alternately comprises rectangular wave guides radiating on their short side in a first polarization and wave guides with rib radiating on their long side in a second polarization.
  • the invention makes it possible to insert guides radiating in horizontal or vertical polarization in a sufficiently small "grid pitch", for example less than or equal to 0.7 ao, ho being the central wavelength in a vacuum; which allows wide scanning of the antenna beam without the appearance of parasitic lobes in other directions.
  • the guides of the first type which radiate in horizontal polarization, are provided with slits slightly inclined relative to a plane perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the guides, alternately oriented in one direction then in the other symmetrically to the plane perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of this guide, while being prominent with respect to the guides of the second type.
  • the waveguides of the second type which radiate in vertical polarization, are rib guides provided with slots parallel to the axes of symmetry of the guides; the slots of each guide of the second type being offset relative to the axis of symmetry of the radiating face alternately on one side and the other of this axis.
  • such an antenna is of moderate mass and suffers only small losses.
  • the same arrangement can be adopted for any frequency band situated between 2 and 40 GHz, provided that the dimensions are adapted to the central wavelength.
  • the slots 16 of the second guides 15 are alternately arranged above and below an axis of symmetry of the radiating face 17.
  • the guides 11 and 15, in a first embodiment as shown in FIG. 2, can be produced by assembling aluminum alloy profiles 20 and 21; assembly can then be done by automated welding.
  • the calculation of the conductances of the slots of the guides of the second type 15 takes account of the presence of the walls of the guides 11 of the first type, which modifies the adaptation conditions.
  • guides of length 50 to 70 cm can be produced by maintaining a TOS less than 2 at the input.
  • FIG. 3 represents a section in the elevation plane passing through the center of the antenna 22 and perpendicular to the path 23 of the satellite 24 (for example in an orbit of 700 to 800 kilometers).
  • the antenna 22 is pointed towards B, close to the far edge A of the cover (OB being the normal of the antenna 22), to take advantage of the natural widening of the beam (proportional to 1 / cos s, if 5 is depointing from normal) when aiming as close as possible to the nadir N (the direction NC indicating the direction towards the center of the earth): this makes it possible to approach a swath 25 on the constant ground, for example 20 kilometers (intercepted on the ground by the lobe of antenna 22 cut to -1 dB); the hatched area 26 representing the antenna scanning area; the angles 5 M and 5 M 'being the maximum depointing angles on each side of the normal.
  • the waveguides can be made of carbon fiber. This technology makes it possible to reduce the mass by 30%, for an equal partition thickness. In addition the dilations are less.
  • the plates 30 and 31 and the rectangular sections 32 and 33 are then assembled by gluing.
  • the antenna of the invention has been detailed in terms of dimensions for an X band application (central frequency 9.65 GHz). It can be used in other frequency bands between 2 and 40 GHz, in particular the neighboring bands C and Ku, by multiplying all the dimensions by the ratio of the wavelengths.
  • the antenna of the invention can also be used in the field of ground or airborne radars, or in that of radio, air or space transmissions.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
EP91101053A 1990-01-29 1991-01-28 Antenne mit geschlitzten Hohlleitern, insbesondere für Weltraumradar Withdrawn EP0440126A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9000990A FR2657729B1 (fr) 1990-01-29 1990-01-29 Antenne en guides d'ondes a fentes, notamment pour radars spatiaux.
FR9000990 1990-01-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0440126A1 true EP0440126A1 (de) 1991-08-07

Family

ID=9393176

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91101053A Withdrawn EP0440126A1 (de) 1990-01-29 1991-01-28 Antenne mit geschlitzten Hohlleitern, insbesondere für Weltraumradar

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0440126A1 (de)
JP (1) JPH04213202A (de)
CA (1) CA2035111A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2657729B1 (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994000777A1 (fr) * 1992-06-25 1994-01-06 Belgian Electronic Research S.A. Dispositif et procede de detection et de protection de personnes et objets
WO1995015592A1 (en) * 1993-11-30 1995-06-08 Saab Ericsson Space Aktiebolag Waveguide antenna
WO1996020515A1 (en) * 1994-12-23 1996-07-04 Hollandse Signaalapparaten B.V. Array of radiating elements
EP0747994A3 (de) * 1995-06-06 1999-03-10 Hughes Missile Systems Company Gruppenantenne mit zwei Polarisationen und einer gemeinsamen Apertur, gebildet durch eine planare, Wellenleiter gespeiste Schlitzgruppe und eine lineare Short-Backfire-Gruppe
RU2129746C1 (ru) * 1998-07-06 1999-04-27 Сестрорецкий Борис Васильевич Плоская двухвходовая складывающаяся антенна
WO2001065641A1 (en) * 2000-03-03 2001-09-07 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Tuneable antenna
WO2002005386A1 (en) * 2000-07-10 2002-01-17 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson One aperture simultaneous rx-tx-antenna
US20120007771A1 (en) * 2010-07-06 2012-01-12 Tetsuya Miyagawa Slot array antenna and radar device
US10854991B2 (en) 2018-07-06 2020-12-01 City University Of Hong Kong Waveguide fed open slot antenna
EP3301750B1 (de) 2016-09-29 2021-03-24 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG Hohlleiterverbindungselement, hohlleitersystem und verfahren zur herstellung eines hohlleitersystems
WO2022081472A1 (en) 2020-10-13 2022-04-21 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma X-band dual-polarized slotted waveguide antenna (swga) array unit cell for large e-scanning radar systems
US11611148B2 (en) 2020-12-24 2023-03-21 City University Of Hong Kong Open-aperture waveguide fed slot antenna

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6002359A (en) * 1997-06-13 1999-12-14 Trw Inc. Antenna system for satellite digital audio radio service (DARS) system
JP2012204975A (ja) * 2011-03-24 2012-10-22 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 導波管スロットアンテナ
JP7161817B2 (ja) * 2019-01-18 2022-10-27 三菱電機株式会社 導波管、導波管スロットアレーアンテナ、および直交二偏波導波管スロットアレーアンテナ

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB997773A (en) * 1962-08-22 1965-07-07 Hughes Aircraft Co Slotted waveguide antenna
US3524189A (en) * 1966-11-09 1970-08-11 Us Army Slotted waveguide antenna array providing dual frequency operation
FR2455804A1 (fr) * 1979-04-30 1980-11-28 Int Standard Electric Corp Reseau integre d'antenne multibande

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB997773A (en) * 1962-08-22 1965-07-07 Hughes Aircraft Co Slotted waveguide antenna
US3524189A (en) * 1966-11-09 1970-08-11 Us Army Slotted waveguide antenna array providing dual frequency operation
FR2455804A1 (fr) * 1979-04-30 1980-11-28 Int Standard Electric Corp Reseau integre d'antenne multibande

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Conference Proceedings Military Microwaves `86 juin 1986, Brighton/England pages 231 - 236; Wagner: "CARBON FIBRE SLOTTED WAVEGUIDE ARRAYS" *
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION. vol. 36, no. 11, novembre 1988, NEW YORK US pages 1531 - 1544; 1IM et al.: "A Design Procedure for Slot Arrays Fed by Single-Ridge Waveguide" *

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1005991A3 (fr) * 1992-06-25 1994-04-12 Ber Sa Dispositif et procede de detection et de protection.
WO1994000777A1 (fr) * 1992-06-25 1994-01-06 Belgian Electronic Research S.A. Dispositif et procede de detection et de protection de personnes et objets
US6114956A (en) * 1992-06-25 2000-09-05 Belgian Electronic Research S.A. Device and method for sensing and protection of persons and objects
EP0768541A2 (de) 1992-06-25 1997-04-16 Belgian Electronic Research S.A. (B.E.R.) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auffinden und Schützen von Personen und Objekten
US5831583A (en) * 1993-11-30 1998-11-03 Saab Ericson Space Aktiebolag Waveguide antenna
WO1995015592A1 (en) * 1993-11-30 1995-06-08 Saab Ericsson Space Aktiebolag Waveguide antenna
NL9402195A (nl) * 1994-12-23 1996-08-01 Hollandse Signaalapparaten Bv Array van stralingselementen.
RU2140691C1 (ru) * 1994-12-23 1999-10-27 Холландсе Сигнаалаппаратен Б.В. Решетка излучающих элементов
WO1996020515A1 (en) * 1994-12-23 1996-07-04 Hollandse Signaalapparaten B.V. Array of radiating elements
CN1094666C (zh) * 1994-12-23 2002-11-20 泰利斯荷兰有限公司 辐射元件阵列
EP0747994A3 (de) * 1995-06-06 1999-03-10 Hughes Missile Systems Company Gruppenantenne mit zwei Polarisationen und einer gemeinsamen Apertur, gebildet durch eine planare, Wellenleiter gespeiste Schlitzgruppe und eine lineare Short-Backfire-Gruppe
RU2129746C1 (ru) * 1998-07-06 1999-04-27 Сестрорецкий Борис Васильевич Плоская двухвходовая складывающаяся антенна
US6542130B2 (en) 2000-03-03 2003-04-01 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Tuneable antenna
WO2001065641A1 (en) * 2000-03-03 2001-09-07 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Tuneable antenna
GB2376346A (en) * 2000-03-03 2002-12-11 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Tuneable antenna
GB2376346B (en) * 2000-03-03 2004-03-31 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Tuneable antenna
WO2002005386A1 (en) * 2000-07-10 2002-01-17 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson One aperture simultaneous rx-tx-antenna
US6509881B2 (en) 2000-07-10 2003-01-21 Telefonaktielbolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) One aperture simultaneous RX-TX-antenna
US20120007771A1 (en) * 2010-07-06 2012-01-12 Tetsuya Miyagawa Slot array antenna and radar device
US8446313B2 (en) * 2010-07-06 2013-05-21 Furuno Electric Company Limited Slot array antenna and radar device
EP3301750B1 (de) 2016-09-29 2021-03-24 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG Hohlleiterverbindungselement, hohlleitersystem und verfahren zur herstellung eines hohlleitersystems
US10854991B2 (en) 2018-07-06 2020-12-01 City University Of Hong Kong Waveguide fed open slot antenna
WO2022081472A1 (en) 2020-10-13 2022-04-21 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma X-band dual-polarized slotted waveguide antenna (swga) array unit cell for large e-scanning radar systems
EP4197064A4 (de) * 2020-10-13 2024-02-28 The Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma X-band doppelpolarisierte schlitzwellenleiter-gruppenzelle für grosse e-scanning-radarsysteme
US12261365B2 (en) 2020-10-13 2025-03-25 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma X-band dual-polarized slotted waveguide antenna (SWGA) array unit cell for large e-scanning radar systems
US11611148B2 (en) 2020-12-24 2023-03-21 City University Of Hong Kong Open-aperture waveguide fed slot antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2035111A1 (fr) 1991-07-30
JPH04213202A (ja) 1992-08-04
FR2657729B1 (fr) 1992-06-12
FR2657729A1 (fr) 1991-08-02

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