Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K51/00—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K51/00—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
  • A61K51/02—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
  • A61K51/04—Organic compounds
  • A61K51/08—Peptides, e.g. proteins, carriers being peptides, polyamino acids, proteins
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2123/00—Preparations for testing in vivo

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for preparing a radiopharmaceutical composition. More particularly, it relates to an improved process for preparing a radiopharmaceutical composition comprising a technetium chelate complex suitable for diagnosis of renal function.
• Kidneys are important organs responsible for regulation of the compositions of body fluids. Their fundamental constituting unit is called "nephron", and in case of human kidneys, each kidney comprises about one million nephrons. The constancy of a body fluid composition can be maintained by various functions of nephrons such as filtration, passive secretion, active secretion, reabsorption, etc. When a kidney is damaged due to any reason, those functions are lowered or stopped. For evaluation of the extent and/or type of the damage in a kidney, various diagnostic methods for testing renal functions have been diviced.
• I-131-OIH radioactively labeled iodine substance such as iodine-131 labeled orthoiodohippurate
• I-131 is a beta-ray emitting nuclide, and the absorbed dose in the surrounding tissues is relatively large.
• free I-131 accompanied with I-131-OIH is apt to be accumulated in a thyroid gland so that the absorbed dose in the thyroid gland cannot be ignored.
• I-131-OIH is limited to such a low dose as about 200 to 300 ⁇ Ci.
• This low dose requires a considerable time of data collection for obtaining an image by a gamma-scintillation camera, and the temporal resolution of the sequential image as obtained during the examination of renal function is lowered.
• Tc-99m-MAG3 technetium-99m labeled mercaptoacetylglycylglycylglycine
• Tc-99m-MAG3 is prepared by adding an aqueous solution of Tc-99m in the form of sodium pertechnetate to an aqueous solution containing benzoylmercaptoacetylglycylglycylglycine, stannous chloride and sodium tartrate, or its freeze-dried product, introducing air into the resultant mixture to oxidize excessive stannous chloride and heating the resultant solution in a boiled water bath for about 10 minutes.
• Tc-99m-MAG3 is said to show substantially the same behavior in vivo (e.g. active secretion into tubules) as I-131-OIH.
• the substantially same information as given by I-131-OIH are obtainable by Tc-99m-MAG3 on the diagnosis of renal function.
• the energy of gamma-rays emitted by Tc-99m as the labeling nuclide in Tc-99m-MAG3 is so low as 140 keV, and the spatial resolution of the image obtained through a gamma-scintillation cameras is greatly improved in comparison with that in case of I-131-OIH.
• Tc-99m emits only gamma-rays, and the absorbed dose in the surrounding tissues is drastically reduced in comparison with I-131-OIH.
• the maximum dose would be thus increased to about 100 times that of I-131-OIH.
• Such high dose enables remarkable shortening of the data collection time on imaging by the use of a gamma-scintillation camera, and as the result, the temporal resolution of the sequential image as obtained during the examination on renal function is significantly increased.
• Tc-99m-MAG3 requires such troublesome operations as heating and air oxidation on its preparation, and physicians are unfavorably exposed to a great amount of radiation.
• the supply of Tc-99m-MAG3 as an injectable radiopharmaceutical composition i.e. in the form of a labeled preparation, is considered.
• such supply necessitates the preparation of the infection using radioactivity in an amount of about 10 times in comparison with the preparation by the physicians at the diagnostic or clinical site, because a considerable time is needed for the transportation.
• the injectable radiopharmaceutical composition must have a sufficient stability to retain a satisfactory radiochemical purity until its delivery to the physicians.
• Tc-99m-MAG3 for the supply of Tc-99m-MAG3 in an injectable radiopharmaceutical composition, it is thus necessary to provide a process wherein labelling can be effected with a larger amount of radioactivity and which affords the product with excellent stability. It is also necessary that the product is obtainable in a higher radiochemical purity with a smaller liquid amount, i.e. in a higher radioactivity concentration.
• an injectable radiopharmaceutical composition comprising Tc-99m-MAG3 as prepared by a certain specific procedure overcomes the drawbacks as stated above and is quite useful for examination of renal function.
• the present invention is based on the above finding.
• a radiopharmaceutical composition comprising Tc-99m-MAG3 is prepared by (1) mixing (a) HSCH2CO-NHCH2CO-NHCH2CO-NHCH2COOH (mercaptoacetylglycylglycylglycine, MAG3), (b) a water-soluble reducing agent, (c) a water-soluble stabilizing agent in an amount of not less than 70 mol per 1 mol of the water-soluble reducing agent and (d) a Tc-99m pertechnetate at a pH of about 8 to 11 and (2) heating the resultant mixture at a temperature of about 90 to 140°C.
• MAG3 is used as such without protection of the terminal thiol group by any protective group as benzoyl, which is essential in the processes of Fritzberg et al. and Nosco et at.
• Another characteristic is that, different from the processes or Fritzberg et at. and Nosco et at., the process of the invention uses a large amount of a water-soluble stabilizer in the absence of an exchange ligand such as a citrate or a tartrate and performs heating (usually about 90 to 140°C, preferably about 100 to 120°C) under an alkaline condition.
• the water-soluble reducing agent to be used in the invention may be any pharmaceutically acceptable water-soluble reducing agent, and its preferred examples are primary tin salts, i.e. divalent tin salts. Specific examples are stannous chloride, stannous fluoride, stannous sulfate, stannous nitrate, stannous acetate, stannous citrate, stannous tartrate, etc.
• water-soluble stabilizer there may be used ascorbic acid or erythrobic acid, or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof.
• the amount of such stabilizer is normally in an amount of not less than about 70 mol, preferably 100 mol, to 1 mol of the reducing agent, although there is no upper limit to the amount of the stabilizer insofar as any material toxicity or pharmacological effect is not exerted.
• the radioactive diagnostic composition of the invention may be formulated in any appropriate preparation form such as powder, lyophilized powder or solution. Further, it may comprise, in addition to said essential components, any auxiliary agent such as a pH regulating agent (e.g. acid, base), an isotonic agent (e.g. sodium chloride), a preservative (e.g. benzyl alcohol) or the like.
• a pH regulating agent e.g. acid, base
• an isotonic agent e.g. sodium chloride
• a preservative e.g. benzyl alcohol
• the resultant solution having a sodium L-(+)ascorbate concentration of 0 to 80 mM and a pH of 7.5 to 11.0 was filtered through a membrane filter (pore size, 0.22 ⁇ m), and 0.5 ml each was filled in a vial.
• the aqueous composition was stored as such, in a freezed state or in a freeze-dried state to use as a non-radioactive carrier composition.
• the aqueous composition (0.5 ml) as obtained in Example 1 was mixed with a physiological saline solution (1.5 ml) containing Tc-99m in the form of sodium pertechnetate.
• the resultant mixture was stirred and heated in an autoclave at 120°C for 30 minutes, followed by cooling to room temperature in a water bath to give a radiopharmaceutical composition comprising Tc-99m-MAG3.
• a radiopharmaceutical composition containing Tc-99m-MAG3 of different radioactivity 5 to 130mCi on labeling).
• Tc-99m-MAG3 Analysis of Tc-99m-MAG3 may be carried out by the use of a chromatographic filter paper obtained from Toyo Filter Paper Co., Ltd.
• the radiochemical purity of Tc-99m-MAG3 may be calculated according to the following equation:
• non-radioactive carrier composition prepared as in Example 1 comprising MAG3 (2.5 mM), ascorbic acid (75 mM) and stannous chloride (0.3 mM) and having a pH of 7.5, 8.5, 9.5, 10.0, 10.5 or 11.0 and a physiological saline solution containing 5 mCi of Tc-99m in the form of sodium pertechnetate, there was prepared a radiopharmaceutical composition comprising Tc-99m-MAG3 as in Example 2, which was then subjected to evaluation of the radiochemical purity as in Example 3. The result are shown in Table 1.
• Table 1 Effect of pH on preparation of Tc-99m-MAH3:- pH 7.5 8.5 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 Radiochemical purity (%) 68.4 90.3 96.5 95.3 95.9 97.1
• Example 2 Using the non-radioactive carrier composition prepared as in Example 1, comprising MAG3 (2.5 mM), ascorbic acid (0, 5, 20, 40 or 80 mM) and stannous chloride (0.3 mM) and having a pH of 10.5 and a physiological saline solution containing 130 mCi of Tc-99m in the form of sodium pertechnetate, there was prepared a radiopharmaceutical composition comprising Tc-99m-MAG3 as in Example 2, which was subjected to evaluation of the radiochemical purity as in Example 3 immediately after the preparation and after shaking at room temperature for 15 hours. The result are shown in Table 2.
• said shaking at room temperature for 15 hours is comparable to the normal state of transportation from the preparation to the user or customer.
• Example No. 1 Using the non-radioactive carrier composition prepared as in Example 1 (Sample No. 1, 2 or 3 as shown in Table 3) and a physiological saline solution containing 5 mCi of Tc-99m in the form of sodium pertechnetate, there was prepared a radiopharmaceutical composition comprising Tc-99m-MAG3 as in Example 2 (i.e. by heating). Likewise, using the non-radioactive carrier composition prepared as in Example 1 (Sample No.
• radiopharmaceutical composition comprising Tc-99m-MAG3 by mixing said non-radioactive carrier composition and said physiological saline solution together, stirring the resultant mixture and allowing to stand at room temperature for 1 hour.
• the thus prepared radiopharmaceutical composition was subjected to evaluation of the radiochemical purity as in Example 3. The results are shown in Table 4.
• Tc-99m-MAG3 used for evaluation Agent 1 1' 2 2' 3 3' Concentration of MAG3 (mM) 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 pH 10.5 10.5 9.5 9.5 10.5 10.5 Concentration of stannous chloride (mM) 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Concentration of ascorbic acid (mM) 0 0 75 75 75 75 75 Table 4 Effect of heating on preparation of Tc-99m-MAG3 Agent Heating Allowing to stand at room temperature 1 2 3 1' 2' 3' Radiochemical purity (%) 95.1 96.5 95.9 14.5 13.1 90.3
• Example 2 Using the non-radioactive carrier composition prepared as in Example 1, comprising MAG3 (2.5 mM), ascorbate (85 mM) and stannous chloride (0.17 mM) and having a pH of 10.5 and a physiological saline solution containing 10 mCi of Tc-99m in the form of sodium pertechnetate, there was prepared a radiopharmaceutical diagnostic composition comprising Tc-99m-MAG3 as in Example 2. Immediately after the preparation, the radiochemical purity was determined in the manner as shown in Example 3 to be 98.3 %.
• the radiopharmaceutical composition (0.2 ml) was administered to each of Sprague-Dawley strain female rats by intravenous injection. After 15 minutes or 1 hour, the animal was sacrificed, and the organis were taken out. The radioactivity of each organ was determined, and the results are shown in Table 5.
• Tc-99m-MAG3 prepared by the method of the invention is rapidly excreted through the kidneys into urine. Tc-99m-MAG3 has thus an excellent property suitable for diagnosis of renal function.
• Tc-99m-MAG3 useful as a diagnostic agent for renal function can be prepared from mercaptoacetylglycylglycylglycine not having a benzoyl protective group on the terminal thiol group without losing its excellent property. It is notable that such preparation is possible even when a water-soluble stabilizing agent is used in such a large amount as 70 mol or more to one mol of a water-soluble reducing agent. It is also notable that the use of a water-soluble stabilizing agent in such a large amount makes it possible to retain the stability over a long period of time.
• the present invention enables the supply of a radiopharmaceutical composition comprising Tc-99m-MAG3 useful as a diagnostic agent for renal function to physicians without any troublesome labeling operation at the diagnostic site. Therefore, physicians can be relieved from the exposure to radiation during the labeling operation. Further, this invention makes it possible to mininize the liquid amount of the injection to be administered to 2 ml or less. Administration of such small amount is quite favorable for diagnosis of renal function, which usually requires rapid intravenous bolus injection.

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• 1990
  • 1990-10-31 JP JP2296563A patent/JP2860157B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1991
  • 1991-10-25 CA CA002054263A patent/CA2054263C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1991-10-26 EP EP91118291A patent/EP0483704B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-10-26 ES ES91118291T patent/ES2074200T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-10-26 DK DK91118291.3T patent/DK0483704T3/da active
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  • 1991-10-29 US US07/783,776 patent/US5245018A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-10-30 AU AU86909/91A patent/AU638363B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1991-10-31 KR KR1019910019246A patent/KR0175305B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related

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