EP0637641A1 - Vliesstoff bestehend aus Polymeren von Milchsäurederivaten und Herstellverfahren und Anwendung eines solchen Vliesstoffes - Google Patents

Vliesstoff bestehend aus Polymeren von Milchsäurederivaten und Herstellverfahren und Anwendung eines solchen Vliesstoffes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0637641A1
EP0637641A1 EP94470018A EP94470018A EP0637641A1 EP 0637641 A1 EP0637641 A1 EP 0637641A1 EP 94470018 A EP94470018 A EP 94470018A EP 94470018 A EP94470018 A EP 94470018A EP 0637641 A1 EP0637641 A1 EP 0637641A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filaments
nonwoven
extruder
die
polymers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94470018A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0637641B1 (de
Inventor
Eric Bertrand
Philippe Guipouy
Patrick Lauffenburger
Philippe Ehret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fiberweb France SAS
Original Assignee
Fiberweb Sodoca SARL
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Application filed by Fiberweb Sodoca SARL filed Critical Fiberweb Sodoca SARL
Publication of EP0637641A1 publication Critical patent/EP0637641A1/de
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Publication of EP0637641B1 publication Critical patent/EP0637641B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of nonwovens, in particular nonwovens at least partially degradable, and relates to a nonwoven which is completely degradable and assimilable by the environment, its manufacturing process and its various uses.
  • nonwovens produced are made from synthetic polymers, such as propylene, polyethylene, polyesters or polyamides, which are practically non-degradable, in particular non-biodegradable, all the more so since they Often incorporate stabilizers or other additives that extend their life.
  • synthetic polymers such as propylene, polyethylene, polyesters or polyamides
  • thermoplastic polymers derived from starch or else based on polycaprolactones or polyhydroxybutyrates / polyhydroxyvalerates It has also been proposed to produce nonwovens from thermoplastic polymers derived from starch or else based on polycaprolactones or polyhydroxybutyrates / polyhydroxyvalerates.
  • the nonwoven products obtained do not have sufficiently satisfactory properties (mechanical strengths, physicochemical properties) allowing their use and, moreover, their cost price is too high compared to synthetic polymers.
  • the filaments obtained from these materials always have high titers, rarely less than 10 dtex, due to the nature and characteristics of the materials used.
  • the problem posed in the present invention therefore consists in designing a fully biodegradable, compostable and assimilable by the environment nonwoven, the filaments of which have a very low titer and the production costs of which are low and the mechanical and physico-chemical properties substantially equivalent to those of synthetic polymers.
  • the present invention relates to a nonwoven consisting of filaments of a polymeric material, characterized in that all of the filaments which compose it are made entirely of a polymer or of a mixture of polymers, derived from 'Lactic acid.
  • the subject of the invention is also a process for producing a nonwoven as mentioned above, characterized in that it essentially consists in introducing a solid mass of polymers or a mixture of polymers, derivative ( s) lactic acid, in a heated extruder, to heat said mass in a controlled manner by working it, in order to obtain a homogeneous melt and having a determined viscosity, then to transport said melt to a device die for the formation of filaments, to cool and stretch the filaments thus obtained, to deposit said filaments, without preferential orientation, on a circulating collecting mat, so as to form a sheet or a non-woven veil and, finally, the case where appropriate, to secure said filaments of said web or of said web to each other at at least part of their mutual crossing points and / or to treat said filaments of said e tablecloth by immersion, coating, impregnation or spraying.
  • all the filaments making up the nonwoven are produced entirely (100% of their composition) in a polymer or in a mixture of polymers, derived from lactic acid.
  • said polymer or polymers constituting said filaments is (are) derived from lactic acid L or lactic acid D or from a mixture of lactic acids L and D.
  • Said polymer or said mixture of polymers derived from lactic acid advantageously has a molecular mass of between 100,000 g / mol and 200,000 g / mol and a polydispersity index of between approximately 1 and approximately 3.
  • said polymer (s) derived from lactic acid has a glass transition temperature between 45 ° C and 55 ° C and a melting temperature between 165 ° C and 180 ° C.
  • a polymer A which can be used for the production of a nonwoven according to the invention, can be obtained by reacting in a lactic acid reactor with a catalyst, under the form of stannous octoate mixed with said lactic acid at a rate of 0.11% by weight.
  • the above polymer having at the outlet of the reactor a temperature of 209 ° C., has a weight-average molecular mass of 132,000 g / mol, a polydispersity index of 1.9, a glass transition temperature of 51, 5 ° C and a melting temperature of 170.3 ° C.
  • a polymer B derived from lactic acid and which can be used for the production of a nonwoven according to the invention, said polymer B having a weight average molecular weight of 158,000 g / mol, a polydispersity index of 2.1, a glass transition temperature of 49 ° C and a melting temperature of 171.6 ° C.
  • the titer of the filaments constituting the nonwoven is between 0.5 and 10 dtex, advantageously between 1 and 5 dtex and preferably between 2.5 and 4.5 dtex
  • said non woven fabric which, moreover, with a view to increasing the mechanical strength and the resistance of the web or of the nonwoven web, may include welds of different geometries between filaments over approximately 5% to 50% of its surface, obtained by calendering hot, preferably on 12%, 24% or 48%.
  • the filaments constituting the nonwoven according to the invention can also be treated with a view to acquiring specific physicochemical properties and, for example, having hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties, obtained by impregnation or spraying. surfactants.
  • the nonwoven fabric according to the invention may advantageously be used as a partial component or as a single constituent of a disposable article, in particular for single use, and more particularly, following treatment.
  • a hydrophilic component in particular a surface veil
  • a hydrophobic component in particular a barrier surface
  • a product disposable hygiene for example a diaper or a disposable sanitary napkin
  • the subject of the invention is also, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 of the appended drawings, a process for producing a nonwoven as described above, said process essentially consisting in introducing, from a reservoir, for example, and in granular or powdery form, a solid mass of polymers or of a mixture of polymers, derived from lactic acid, in a heated extruder 2, to heat said mass in a controlled manner working it, in order to obtain a homogeneous melt and having a determined viscosity, then transporting said melt to a spinneret device 3, 3 ′ for the formation of filaments, cooling and drawing the filaments thus obtained, depositing said filaments, without preferential orientation, on a circulating collecting mat 4, so as to form a sheet or a non-woven veil and, finally, if necessary, securing said filaments of said sheet e ntre them at at least part of their mutual crossing points and / or to treat said filaments of said web by immersion, coating, impregnation or spraying,
  • the fleece or the nonwoven web is finally made in width and rolled up at a suitable winding station 7.
  • the extruder 2 used advantageously has a single screw 2 ′ (see FIGS. 2 and 3) and its body is surrounded by a plurality of heating collars delimiting, in said body, heating zones Z1 to Z5 (see figure 1) which may have increasing values of temperature between the feed inlet of the extruder 2, connected to the reservoir 1, and the outlet of said extruder 2.
  • the method consists in pushing the molten material coming from the extruder 2 through a die 3 composed of several fields, advantageously seven, then to cool the filaments from each field by an air flow 8, then to stretch said filaments, by Venturi effect, in nozzles 9 and, finally, to deposit the drawn filaments on a collecting mat 4 circulating without preferential orientation and homogeneously, using separators 10.
  • Such a process is more generally known under the designation LURGI in the production of conventional nonwovens.
  • the extruder 2 is preferably maintained at a temperature between 185 ° C and 204 ° C, giving the mass of polymer (s) derived from lactic acid a determined viscosity allowing its handling and its transport, without however altering the constituent (s).
  • the method can also consist in pushing the molten material coming from the extruder 2 through a monobloc die 3 ′, then in cooling the filaments obtained by means of an air flow 8 and in stretching them in a slot 11 and, finally, in depositing said stretched filaments on said collecting mat 4 or scrolling, without preferential orientation and in a homogeneous manner.
  • a suction device 11 ' is located under the collecting mat 4, creating a suction effect at the level of the latter, intended to press the filaments against it.
  • Such a process is more generally known under the designation S-Tex for the production of synthetic nonwovens.
  • the temperature of the extruder 2 is advantageously included, for this second embodiment, between 245 ° C and 295 ° C.
  • the method according to the invention may also consist in pushing the molten material through a die having a multitude of holes in line, then in drawing the filaments obtained by means of hot air currents circulating around the die and in the direction of the collecting mat, and, finally, projecting said filaments, without preferential orientation and homogeneously, onto said moving collecting mat.
  • the temperature of the molten material from the extruder 2 is fixed, on the one hand, by a first heating circuit 12 comprising a first heat transfer fluid, during its transport from the extruder 2 to the die 3 , 3 'and, on the other hand, by a second heating circuit 13 comprising a second heat transfer fluid, distinct from said first devices and fluids, at the level of the die 3, 3', said molten material thus being able to be brought to temperatures different depending on the operations to be performed.
  • the first heat transfer fluid for example of the type known under the designation marlo
  • marlo can give the melt a sufficient temperature for its transfer from the extruder 2 to the die 3, 3 '
  • the second heat transfer fluid for example type known under the designation dyphil, will bring said melt to a higher temperature allowing its spinning.
  • the rate of stretching of the filaments is advantageously between 100% and 1000%, and the veil or the sheet of nonwoven obtained can be treated by impregnation or by spraying of surfactants.
  • samples having the characteristics mentioned in table 3, intended more particularly for hygiene articles were mixed with vegetable food waste and transformed into compost and humus in a reactor of the composter type.
  • the temperature in the reactor was fixed at 55 ° C., the humidity of the mixture maintained at 50% and the supply of air ensured.
  • the compost was then extracted from the reactor and spread in the open air for 10 weeks. At the end of this second period no more filament was visible and the decomposition of the nonwoven was complete.
  • nonwovens having the characteristics mentioned in Table 4 were used as mulch sails in vegetable and horticultural crops to control weeds, in place of phytosanitary products.
  • the degradability of the nonwoven is ensured by watering, rain and the activity of microorganisms.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
EP94470018A 1993-08-02 1994-06-10 Vliesstoff bestehend aus Polymeren von Milchsäurederivaten und Herstellverfahren und Anwendung eines solchen Vliesstoffes Revoked EP0637641B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9309649 1993-08-02
FR9309649A FR2709500B1 (fr) 1993-08-02 1993-08-02 Non-tissé à base de polymères dérivés de l'acide lactique, procédé de fabrication et utilisation d'un tel non-tissé.
JP6200107A JPH08246320A (ja) 1993-08-02 1994-08-02 乳酸に由来した重合体に基づく不織布、その製造方法及びそのような不織布の使用

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0637641A1 true EP0637641A1 (de) 1995-02-08
EP0637641B1 EP0637641B1 (de) 1998-09-02

Family

ID=26230539

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94470018A Revoked EP0637641B1 (de) 1993-08-02 1994-06-10 Vliesstoff bestehend aus Polymeren von Milchsäurederivaten und Herstellverfahren und Anwendung eines solchen Vliesstoffes

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0637641B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH08246320A (de)
AT (1) ATE170575T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2127754C (de)
DE (1) DE69412948T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0637641T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2122205T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2709500B1 (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2732196A1 (fr) * 1995-03-28 1996-10-04 Fiberweb Sodoca Sarl Filtre a cigarette fabrique a partir d'une nappe de non-tisse
EP0765959A1 (de) * 1995-09-29 1997-04-02 Unitika Ltd. Vliesstoffe von Filamentfaden und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
EP0767263A1 (de) * 1995-10-06 1997-04-09 Fiberweb France Sa Hydrophiler Vliesstoff auf Basis von Polylactiden
FR2762332A1 (fr) * 1997-04-18 1998-10-23 Fiberweb France Sa Filiere pour l'obtention en continu de filaments, filaments ainsi obtenus et produits en non-tisse obtenus par la mise en oeuvre desdits filaments
US5833787A (en) * 1994-10-12 1998-11-10 Fiberweb Sodoca Sarl Process for making a nonwoven web derived from lactic acid, web produced thereby, and apparatus therefor
US6506873B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2003-01-14 Cargill, Incorporated Degradable polymer fibers; preparation product; and, methods of use
FR2843523A1 (fr) 2002-08-13 2004-02-20 Ahlstrom Research & Services Support fibreux biodegradable pour paillage de sol
FR2843525A1 (fr) 2002-08-13 2004-02-20 Ahlstrom Research & Services Support fibreux biodegradable pour paillage de sol
US6787493B1 (en) 1995-09-29 2004-09-07 Unitika, Ltd. Biodegradable formable filament nonwoven fabric and method of producing the same
EP1493555A1 (de) * 2003-07-01 2005-01-05 Rieter Perfojet (S.A.) Biologisch abbaubarer Faservliesstoff

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5851937A (en) * 1997-03-27 1998-12-22 Clopay Plastic Products Company, Inc. Cloth-like totally biodegradable and/or compostable composites and method of manufacture
DE19947582C1 (de) * 1999-10-02 2001-08-02 Hartmann Paul Ag Verbundwerkstoff zur Bildung einer körperzugewandten Lage bei einem Hygieneartikel sowie Hygieneartikel
JP2002065079A (ja) * 2000-08-30 2002-03-05 Unitika Ltd 幼木保護シート
US7994078B2 (en) 2002-12-23 2011-08-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. High strength nonwoven web from a biodegradable aliphatic polyester
US7700500B2 (en) * 2002-12-23 2010-04-20 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Durable hydrophilic treatment for a biodegradable polymeric substrate
CA2560363A1 (en) * 2004-03-16 2005-09-22 Teijin Limited Ultrafine polylactic acid fibers and fiber structure, and process for their production
JP6499429B2 (ja) * 2014-12-02 2019-04-10 倉敷繊維加工株式会社 農業用被覆シート及びその製造方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2083552A1 (en) * 1970-03-25 1971-12-17 Metallgesellschaft Ag Multi-component non-woven fabric
US4045418A (en) * 1975-01-28 1977-08-30 Gulf Oil Corporation Copolymers of D,L-lactide and epsilon caprolactone
EP0150024A2 (de) * 1984-01-19 1985-07-31 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Spinnvlieses
JPH02222421A (ja) * 1989-02-23 1990-09-05 Chuko Kasei Kogyo Kk 生分解性複合材料
JPH04168150A (ja) * 1990-10-30 1992-06-16 Shimadzu Corp 生分解性プラスチック
EP0510999A1 (de) * 1991-04-24 1992-10-28 MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, Inc. Abbaubares Polymer-Netzwerk
EP0530987A1 (de) * 1991-08-08 1993-03-10 MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, Inc. Abbaubare Polymerzusammensetzung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2083552A1 (en) * 1970-03-25 1971-12-17 Metallgesellschaft Ag Multi-component non-woven fabric
US4045418A (en) * 1975-01-28 1977-08-30 Gulf Oil Corporation Copolymers of D,L-lactide and epsilon caprolactone
EP0150024A2 (de) * 1984-01-19 1985-07-31 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Spinnvlieses
JPH02222421A (ja) * 1989-02-23 1990-09-05 Chuko Kasei Kogyo Kk 生分解性複合材料
JPH04168150A (ja) * 1990-10-30 1992-06-16 Shimadzu Corp 生分解性プラスチック
EP0510999A1 (de) * 1991-04-24 1992-10-28 MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, Inc. Abbaubares Polymer-Netzwerk
EP0530987A1 (de) * 1991-08-08 1993-03-10 MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, Inc. Abbaubare Polymerzusammensetzung

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 9042, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A94, AN 90-3153322 *
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 9230, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A23, AN 92-247298 *

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5833787A (en) * 1994-10-12 1998-11-10 Fiberweb Sodoca Sarl Process for making a nonwoven web derived from lactic acid, web produced thereby, and apparatus therefor
FR2732196A1 (fr) * 1995-03-28 1996-10-04 Fiberweb Sodoca Sarl Filtre a cigarette fabrique a partir d'une nappe de non-tisse
EP0949371A3 (de) * 1995-09-29 2004-05-12 Unitika Ltd. Vliesstoffe von Filamentfäden und Verfahren zur Herstellung
EP0765959A1 (de) * 1995-09-29 1997-04-02 Unitika Ltd. Vliesstoffe von Filamentfaden und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
EP1612314B2 (de) † 1995-09-29 2014-01-08 Unitika Ltd. Vliesstoffe von Filamentfäden und Verfahren zur Herstellung
EP1612314A3 (de) * 1995-09-29 2006-11-22 Unitika Ltd. Vliesstoffe von Filamentfäden und Verfahren zur Herstellung
US6787493B1 (en) 1995-09-29 2004-09-07 Unitika, Ltd. Biodegradable formable filament nonwoven fabric and method of producing the same
FR2739632A1 (fr) * 1995-10-06 1997-04-11 Fiberweb Dodoca Sarl Non-tisse hydrophile a base de polylactides
EP0767263A1 (de) * 1995-10-06 1997-04-09 Fiberweb France Sa Hydrophiler Vliesstoff auf Basis von Polylactiden
FR2762332A1 (fr) * 1997-04-18 1998-10-23 Fiberweb France Sa Filiere pour l'obtention en continu de filaments, filaments ainsi obtenus et produits en non-tisse obtenus par la mise en oeuvre desdits filaments
US6506873B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2003-01-14 Cargill, Incorporated Degradable polymer fibers; preparation product; and, methods of use
FR2843525A1 (fr) 2002-08-13 2004-02-20 Ahlstrom Research & Services Support fibreux biodegradable pour paillage de sol
FR2843523A1 (fr) 2002-08-13 2004-02-20 Ahlstrom Research & Services Support fibreux biodegradable pour paillage de sol
EP1493555A1 (de) * 2003-07-01 2005-01-05 Rieter Perfojet (S.A.) Biologisch abbaubarer Faservliesstoff
FR2856952A1 (fr) * 2003-07-01 2005-01-07 Rieter Perfojet Nontisse biodegradable

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2709500A1 (fr) 1995-03-10
EP0637641B1 (de) 1998-09-02
JPH08246320A (ja) 1996-09-24
DE69412948D1 (de) 1998-10-08
DE69412948T2 (de) 1999-05-12
ATE170575T1 (de) 1998-09-15
ES2122205T3 (es) 1998-12-16
CA2127754A1 (fr) 1995-02-03
CA2127754C (fr) 2005-09-06
FR2709500B1 (fr) 1996-02-16
DK0637641T3 (da) 1999-05-31

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