EP0663565A2 - Barreau de grille et grille avec dispositif de refroidissement et procédé de refroidissement - Google Patents

Barreau de grille et grille avec dispositif de refroidissement et procédé de refroidissement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0663565A2
EP0663565A2 EP94116297A EP94116297A EP0663565A2 EP 0663565 A2 EP0663565 A2 EP 0663565A2 EP 94116297 A EP94116297 A EP 94116297A EP 94116297 A EP94116297 A EP 94116297A EP 0663565 A2 EP0663565 A2 EP 0663565A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
bar
grate bar
bars
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94116297A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0663565B1 (fr
EP0663565A3 (fr
Inventor
Holger Kleen
Hans-Günther Dr. Mayer
Wolfram Dr. Schnabel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Noell KRC Energie und Umwelttechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Noell Abfall- und Energietechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6507958&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0663565(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Noell Abfall- und Energietechnik GmbH filed Critical Noell Abfall- und Energietechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0663565A2 publication Critical patent/EP0663565A2/fr
Publication of EP0663565A3 publication Critical patent/EP0663565A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0663565B1 publication Critical patent/EP0663565B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23HGRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H3/00Grates with hollow bars
    • F23H3/02Grates with hollow bars internally cooled
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23HGRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H1/00Grates with solid bars
    • F23H1/02Grates with solid bars having provision for air supply or air preheating, e.g. air-supply or blast fittings which form a part of the grate structure or serve as supports
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23HGRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2700/00Grates characterised by special features or applications
    • F23H2700/009Grates specially adapted for incinerators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23HGRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2900/00Special features of combustion grates
    • F23H2900/03021Liquid cooled grates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grate bar and grate with cooling device and a method for cooling for incinerators, in particular waste incineration plants.
  • a grate for incinerators is usually formed by rows of grate bars that lie one above the other and extend transversely to the transport direction of the firing material. Grate firing is also used as a tried and tested apparatus for domestic waste incineration. The individual grids are covered with grate bars. These have the task of transporting the garbage, mixing (so-called stoking) and taking over the burnout. The processes of drying, preheating, degassing, gasification and C-burnout run on the grate, and thus the grate bars, one after the other.
  • the grate bars are provided with openings (slots, gaps, holes, etc.) through which combustion air is blown.
  • the grate bars are particularly subject to mechanical abrasion as well as thermal and chemical wear. Corresponding wear leads to changes in the fire control, the burn-out qualities and ultimately to business interruptions.
  • the wear of the grate bars is essentially temperature-dependent.
  • part of the supplied combustion air - so-called primary air - is used to cool the grate bars.
  • the cooling effect depends primarily on the amount of air.
  • the remaining part is added as secondary air for further combustion of the gases in the combustion chamber.
  • the grate rod temperatures increase, partly due to more intensive combustion others, however, also due to less air under the grate (decreasing cooling effect).
  • the high calorific value causes a redistribution of the entire combustion air in such a way that a higher proportion is required in the combustion chamber for the combustion of the gases.
  • the invention is based on the problem of creating grate bars and a grate which are wear-resistant when burning high-calorific materials, do not change their shape and thus do not change the combustion behavior and the transport and mixing behavior in the furnace.
  • steam formation is to be effectively prevented.
  • the grate bar according to the invention with a cooling device, on which at least one inlet and one outlet opening is arranged, has at least one channel in the grate bar for guiding cooling water, essentially in the longitudinal direction of the Rust bar, on. Since the longitudinal direction of the grate bar corresponds to the material feed device, particularly good cooling of the individual grate bars is thereby achieved. By cooling each individual grate bar, the heating of the cooling medium can be kept relatively low. This increases the operational reliability of the cooling and the service life of the grates or cooling system. Water is preferably used as the cooling medium. Other, higher-boiling cooling media can also be used for special applications.
  • the channel arranged in the grate bar preferably has two, essentially parallel sections with opposite flow directions, these being connected to a deflection arranged in the head region of the grate bar.
  • the sections of the channel with the opposite flow direction can lie side by side or one above the other in the horizontal or vertical plane.
  • the channels are optimized in terms of flow technology with regard to the heat to be removed, so that the heating of the cooling liquid is not more than about 50 degrees Celsius, preferably about 20 degrees Celsius. In particular in the case of sections of the cooling channel lying approximately one above the other, these can have different cross-sectional shapes and areas.
  • the deflection arranged in the head region of the grate bar can lie in the plane that passes through the central axes of the approximately parallel sections of the cooling channel.
  • the deflection is preferably guided into the area of the edge of the grate bar head resting on an adjacent row of grate bars. It is approximately U-shaped in the area of the grate bar head.
  • inlet and outlet openings for the coolant at the base of the grate bar in the area of the arranged for the coolant at the base of the grate bar in the area of the grate bar support.
  • Air outlet openings for combustion air are further preferably arranged in the head part. This further improves the cooling of the grate bar.
  • recesses for the exit of combustion air are also arranged in the long sides of the grate bar.
  • a closed, overpressure-operated cooling device is arranged on the grate, which advantageously prevents the formation of steam within the cooling circuit and thus also within individual grate bars or grates.
  • This cooling system advantageously consists of an expansion or compensation vessel (32), the cooled grate bars (34), a recooler (35) as well as a pump (36) and a connection (31) for filling or emptying the cooling system together with a pressure control valve (33 ).
  • the cooling medium When using water, the cooling medium is operated in a cooling system under excess pressure, preferably between 1 and 6 bar. This avoids the formation of steam and e.g. prevents a two-phase flow or formation of "steam cushions" with correspondingly poor heat transfer.
  • the grate according to the invention for incinerators, in particular waste incineration plants, with adjacent rows of alternately fixed and movable grate bar rows, which are composed of the grate bars described above, is characterized in that the inlet and outlet openings of all grate bars are connected in parallel with a main inlet line and a main outlet line. This makes the same for all grate bars Cooling effect achieved. For each grate bar there is essentially the same temperature distribution (assuming the same heat load), so that each grate bar also has approximately the same temperature-related expansion.
  • a plurality of grate bars lying side by side in the direction of the grate width can also be connected to one another in series, so that, for example, an adapted cooling effect of the grate bars is achieved in adaptation to the different heat loads in the center and edge regions of the grate.
  • the first, sixth and eleventh grate bars are connected to the main feed line with their inlet opening.
  • the fifth, tenth and fourteenth grate bars are connected to the main drain line with their drain opening.
  • the remaining drainage or inlet openings of adjacent grate bars are interconnected. In particular, it is provided to cool both the fixed rows of grate bars and the moving rows of grate bars.
  • valves are located between the main inlet and main outlet opening and the inlet and outlet opening of the first or last grate bar of a row of grate bars or a portion of a row of grate bars in which the inlet and outlet openings of the individual grate bars are connected to one another arranged for supplying or removing a further cooling medium, in particular air, and for interrupting the main inlet or outlet line.
  • the grate bar 1 shows a grate bar 1 with grate bar support 2 in the area of the grate bar foot 3.
  • the grate bar head 4 lies with the edge 5 on a grate bar one adjacent row of grate bars.
  • the grate bar is made of cast iron. It has a channel 6 which has approximately parallel sections (one behind the other in FIG. 1). These parallel sections are connected to one another by a deflection 7.
  • the channel 6 is provided with drainage openings 8. These inlet and outlet openings are preferably attached directly to the foot end of the channel 6.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section II according to FIG. 1 through the grate bar head 4.
  • Air outlet openings 9 are provided in the grate bar head 4 between and next to the legs of the U-shaped deflection 7.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section II according to FIG. 1 for an embodiment in which the deflection is not drawn into the area of the edge 5.
  • the deflection 7 forms here together with the channel sections 6 'and 6' 'in their plane also an approximately U-shaped cross section.
  • the sections 6 'and 6' ' can also be arranged one above the other.
  • FIG. 1 A flow diagram of a grate is shown in FIG.
  • Valves are located between the main inlet 10 and the main outlet line 11 of a cooling medium, in particular water, and the inlet 12 and outlet opening 13 of the first 14 and last 15 grate bars of each grate bar row, the inlet and outlet openings of the individual grate bars being connected to one another in series arranged for the supply 16 or discharge 17 of a further cooling medium, in particular air, and for interrupting the main inlet 18 or the main outlet line 19.
  • the feed of the second Cooling medium takes place via the main feed line 20 or main discharge line 21.
  • the arrow 22 indicates a preferred direction of waste flow.
  • the grate and the grate bar according to the invention have the advantage that the grate bars can be used without further modification of the incinerator. It therefore remains with the previous combustion technology.
  • the mechanical transport and mixing behavior (forward / return stroke) also remain unchanged. This applies to both the weight and the stroke length and so on.
  • the grate is also extremely wear-resistant, as the grate bars are made of cast iron as before.
  • the grate bar and grate according to the invention therefore also have excellent emergency running properties in the event of malfunctions, for example in the event of water failure.
  • the grate bars preferably have the shape known hitherto, the width of the grate bars being approximately doubled, so that in one half, that is to say the usual grate bar width, the cooling water is conducted forward to the head and returned in the second half becomes.
  • the parallel channel sections have a clear height of approximately 15 to 25 mm and a clear width of approximately 40 to 60 mm.
  • the flow rate is between 0.5 and 2 m per second.
  • the temperature of the grate bar is approximately 100 degrees Celsius in the middle between the head and foot area. This prevents corrosion due to condensation. A temperature of about 150 degrees Celsius is maintained in the area of the head part, so that there is no disadvantage with regard to the burnout behavior.
  • the grate bars or the grates are integrated and operated in a closed, water-cooled cooling system which is under pressure.
  • the temperature of the water is, for example, 90 ° C, but this can be increased to 120 ° C, and the system pressure is 1 to 6 bar. preferably 5 bar.
  • the cooling system pressure is set by means of a compressor which conveys air into the outer space of an expansion vessel or compensation vessel, which is separated from the water side by a bladder.
  • the system pressure in the cooling water circuit is set via an expansion automat integrated in the expansion vessel:
  • a contact manometer starts the compressor of the expansion automat as soon as a lower limit pressure is reached in the system.
  • the compressor is switched off as soon as the pressure reaches an upper limit. If an adjustable upper limit pressure value is exceeded, e.g. 6 bar, air is blown off via a valve.
  • the two switching points can be set between 1.0 and 6.0 bar.
  • the separation of air, which is located inside the expandable bladder, preferably a rubber bladder, of the expansion vessel, and water, which is located outside the bladder, advantageously prevents the cooling water from absorbing oxygen and thus promoting corrosion on the grate bars.
  • FIG. 5 shows the diagram of a cooling device.
  • Water is fed into the cooling device through the connection 31, the pressure control valve 33 protecting the system against pressures at the grate inlet above 2 bar.
  • the pump 36 conveys the water through one or more grate bars or grate 34 and the cooling device.
  • the expansion or compensation vessel 32 is provided with a level measuring device, with the aid of which fresh water is automatically fed into the system when the temperature falls below a lower limit and at the same time a message is sent to the control room. At the When the water reaches an upper limit, the water supply is automatically interrupted. Due to the frequency of reporting to the control room via the water feed, leaks in the system can be identified, so that appropriate measures can be initiated. Each grate bar or row of grate bars can be locked separately.
  • a water mass flow measuring device 37, a temperature measuring device 38, 39 and a cooling system pressure measuring device 40 are provided as measuring devices.
  • the fan 41 cools the recooler 35.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
EP94116297A 1994-01-14 1994-10-15 Barreau de grille et grille avec dispositif de refroidissement et procédé de refroidissement Revoked EP0663565B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4400992A DE4400992C1 (de) 1994-01-14 1994-01-14 Roststab und Rost mit Kühleinrichtung
DE4400992 1994-01-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0663565A2 true EP0663565A2 (fr) 1995-07-19
EP0663565A3 EP0663565A3 (fr) 1996-02-14
EP0663565B1 EP0663565B1 (fr) 1998-12-09

Family

ID=6507958

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94116297A Revoked EP0663565B1 (fr) 1994-01-14 1994-10-15 Barreau de grille et grille avec dispositif de refroidissement et procédé de refroidissement

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5636581A (fr)
EP (1) EP0663565B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR100279201B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE174418T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2140218A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4400992C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2127867T3 (fr)
TW (1) TW270971B (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996023174A1 (fr) * 1995-01-24 1996-08-01 Vølund Ecology Systems A/S Grille d'incineration transporteuse de combustible pour usines d'incineration, en particulier pour les dechets
EP0844438A2 (fr) 1996-11-21 1998-05-27 Asea Brown Boveri AG Grille pour un foyer
DE19860553A1 (de) * 1998-12-22 2000-06-29 Mannesmann Ag Flüssigkeitsgekühlter Verbrennungsrost
DE19860552A1 (de) * 1998-12-22 2000-07-06 Mannesmann Ag Kühlbarer Verbrennungsrost
US6145451A (en) * 1996-12-06 2000-11-14 Zurl; Emil Water-cooled firing grate
EP1617143A3 (fr) * 2004-07-15 2006-02-15 Lurgi Lentjes AG Barreau de grille, grille et incinerateur équipés dudit barreau
WO2013029680A1 (fr) 2011-09-01 2013-03-07 Ernst Schenkel Grille destinée à la combustion de matières solides
DE102014004660A1 (de) 2014-02-10 2015-08-13 Joachim Kümmel Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Abfall und Biomassen auf einem luftgekühlten Rost sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE102014106200A1 (de) 2014-05-05 2015-11-05 Tiska Gmbh kühlbarer Roststab für einen Vorschubrost einer Verbrennungsanlage
DE102014008858A1 (de) 2014-06-16 2015-12-17 Joachim Kümmel Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Abfall und Biomassen auf einem Flossenwand-Stufenrost sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996033371A1 (fr) 1995-04-21 1996-10-24 Noell-Krc Energie- Und Umwelttechnik Gmbh Grille avec dispositif de refroidissement et procede de refroidissement
CH689519A5 (de) * 1995-05-17 1999-05-31 Von Roll Umwelttechnik Ag Gekuehlter Rostblock.
DE19528310A1 (de) * 1995-08-02 1997-02-06 Abb Management Ag Rost für eine Feuerungsanlage
DE19622424C2 (de) * 1996-06-04 1998-10-29 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Rostelement und Rost mit Flüssigkeitskühlung
ATE197845T1 (de) * 1997-10-29 2000-12-15 Doikos Investments Ltd Verfahren zum verbrennen von feststoffen auf einem wassergekühlten schub-verbrennungsrost, sowie rostplatte und rost zur ausübung des verfahrens
EP0972989A1 (fr) 1998-07-15 2000-01-19 Asea Brown Boveri AG Procédé de combustion de solides
EP0987494A1 (fr) 1998-09-15 2000-03-22 Asea Brown Boveri AG Procédé pour le refroidissement d'une grille d'un foyer et grille d'un foyer
DE19929614C2 (de) * 1999-06-28 2001-04-26 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Feuerungsanlage mit flüssigkeitsgekühlten Rostelementen
DE19943665B4 (de) * 1999-09-13 2006-04-13 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Verfahren zur Kühlung eines Rostes für einen Feuerraum mittels Wasser sowie Rost zur Verbrennung von Feststoffen
EP1315936B1 (fr) * 2000-09-04 2006-05-10 Seko-Patent GmbH Barreau de grille a refroidissement par du liquide pour des incinerateurs
EA200500078A1 (ru) * 2002-06-24 2006-04-28 Джон Н. Ст. Бейсик Терморегулируемые сушильные решетки в установке для сжигания отходов
PL1760400T3 (pl) * 2005-09-06 2009-08-31 Ernst Schenkel Chłodzony wodą element rusztu
US9032948B1 (en) * 2008-05-29 2015-05-19 Jeffrey M. Petteway Seasoning grill
PL3967927T3 (pl) * 2020-09-09 2024-11-04 Hitachi Zosen Inova Ag Chłodzony wodą blok rusztowy do spalarni
KR102485539B1 (ko) * 2022-05-17 2023-01-06 에스엠메탈(주) 소각로용 화격자
CN115031239A (zh) * 2022-07-28 2022-09-09 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 一种垃圾焚烧水冷炉排炉闭式循环冷却系统及使用方法

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DE498538C (de) * 1930-05-23 L & C Steinmueller Wassergekuehlter Treppenrost
US890552A (en) * 1907-03-11 1908-06-09 David H Rice Furnace-grate.
US1775790A (en) * 1927-05-25 1930-09-16 Tawlks Grate Bar Company Grate bar
DE515691C (de) * 1928-10-20 1931-01-12 Telefunken Gmbh Verfahren zur gleichzeitigen Erzeugung von mehreren Traegerfrequenzen
DE808263C (de) * 1948-10-02 1951-07-12 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Selbstfoerdernder, wassergekuehlter Planrost
EP0071681A1 (fr) * 1981-08-10 1983-02-16 Calvin H. Hand Brûleur à biomasse
DE3734043A1 (de) * 1987-10-08 1989-04-20 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Rostkuehler zum kuehlen von heissem schuettgut
JPH02106613A (ja) * 1988-10-13 1990-04-18 Hitachi Zosen Corp 焼却炉の火格子構造
DE3902159A1 (de) * 1989-01-25 1990-07-26 Nils Erik Tunstroemer Vorrichtung zum verbrennen und/oder thermischen zersetzen von brennmaterial, insbesondere festen brennstoffen
DE4105330C1 (fr) * 1991-02-18 1992-08-06 Noell - K + K Abfalltechnik Gmbh, 4040 Neuss, De
EP0682764B1 (fr) * 1993-02-12 1999-08-11 L David Ostlie Grille de refroidissement a tubes empiles et systeme thermique d'une centrale electrique
CH684118A5 (de) * 1993-04-20 1994-07-15 Doikos Investments Ltd Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Kehricht auf einem Verbrennungsrost sowie Verbrennungsrost zur Ausübung des Verfahrens und Rostplatte für einen solchen Verbrennungsrost.

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5899149A (en) * 1995-01-24 1999-05-04 Volund Ecology Systems A/S Incineration grate with ducts for conveying a heat transmission medium
WO1996023174A1 (fr) * 1995-01-24 1996-08-01 Vølund Ecology Systems A/S Grille d'incineration transporteuse de combustible pour usines d'incineration, en particulier pour les dechets
EP0844438A2 (fr) 1996-11-21 1998-05-27 Asea Brown Boveri AG Grille pour un foyer
US5913274A (en) * 1996-11-21 1999-06-22 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Incineration grate with internal cooling
DE19648128C2 (de) * 1996-11-21 2002-11-07 Alstom Rost für eine Feuerungsanlage
US6145451A (en) * 1996-12-06 2000-11-14 Zurl; Emil Water-cooled firing grate
DE19860553C2 (de) * 1998-12-22 2001-03-29 Mannesmann Ag Flüssigkeitsgekühlter Verbrennungsrost
DE19860552C2 (de) * 1998-12-22 2001-02-08 Mannesmann Ag Kühlbarer Verbrennungsrost
DE19860552A1 (de) * 1998-12-22 2000-07-06 Mannesmann Ag Kühlbarer Verbrennungsrost
DE19860553A1 (de) * 1998-12-22 2000-06-29 Mannesmann Ag Flüssigkeitsgekühlter Verbrennungsrost
EP1617143A3 (fr) * 2004-07-15 2006-02-15 Lurgi Lentjes AG Barreau de grille, grille et incinerateur équipés dudit barreau
WO2013029680A1 (fr) 2011-09-01 2013-03-07 Ernst Schenkel Grille destinée à la combustion de matières solides
DE102014004660A1 (de) 2014-02-10 2015-08-13 Joachim Kümmel Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Abfall und Biomassen auf einem luftgekühlten Rost sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE102014106200A1 (de) 2014-05-05 2015-11-05 Tiska Gmbh kühlbarer Roststab für einen Vorschubrost einer Verbrennungsanlage
EP2949995A2 (fr) 2014-05-05 2015-12-02 Tiska GmbH Barreau refroidi pour une grille mobile d'un four à combustion
DE102014008858A1 (de) 2014-06-16 2015-12-17 Joachim Kümmel Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Abfall und Biomassen auf einem Flossenwand-Stufenrost sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2140218A1 (fr) 1995-07-15
KR100279201B1 (ko) 2001-02-01
EP0663565B1 (fr) 1998-12-09
ATE174418T1 (de) 1998-12-15
EP0663565A3 (fr) 1996-02-14
DE4400992C1 (de) 1995-05-11
TW270971B (fr) 1996-02-21
DE59407443D1 (de) 1999-01-21
ES2127867T3 (es) 1999-05-01
KR950033253A (ko) 1995-12-22
US5636581A (en) 1997-06-10

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