EP1003614B1 - Tete de controle pour le controle par ultrasons selon le procede par echo d'impulsion - Google Patents

Tete de controle pour le controle par ultrasons selon le procede par echo d'impulsion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1003614B1
EP1003614B1 EP98933515A EP98933515A EP1003614B1 EP 1003614 B1 EP1003614 B1 EP 1003614B1 EP 98933515 A EP98933515 A EP 98933515A EP 98933515 A EP98933515 A EP 98933515A EP 1003614 B1 EP1003614 B1 EP 1003614B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transducer
transmitter
receiver
probe according
electronics
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98933515A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1003614B8 (fr
EP1003614A1 (fr
Inventor
Johannes BÜCHLER
Manfred Rost
Torsten NIEDERDRÄNK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baker Hughes Digital Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
Krautkraemer GmbH
KJTD Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krautkraemer GmbH, KJTD Co Ltd filed Critical Krautkraemer GmbH
Publication of EP1003614A1 publication Critical patent/EP1003614A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1003614B1 publication Critical patent/EP1003614B1/fr
Publication of EP1003614B8 publication Critical patent/EP1003614B8/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/24—Probes
    • G01N29/2487—Directing probes, e.g. angle probes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0688—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction with foil-type piezoelectric elements, e.g. PVDF
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
    • G01H11/06—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
    • G01H11/08—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means using piezoelectric devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a probe for ultrasonic testing according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates to Probes of sufficiently high frequency for the detection of thinner Layers as well as small mistakes.
  • the probes typically have one Frequency greater than 20 MHz, the frequency is generally in the range between 10 and 100 MHz, it can also be 150 MHz and higher.
  • the disadvantage of the probe according to the article mentioned is that after Transmission of an ultrasonic pulse to be maintained sufficiently long must, until he is ready to receive. For practical exam tasks are the Keeping dead times is not always acceptable. Although you can basically, as is known from ultrasound technology, with a sufficiently long flow body work and so the disadvantages of Avoid dead times to avoid, with high-frequency pulses of here However, this is at the disadvantage of a considerable amount Sound attenuation in the flow body tainted. You want this disadvantage avoid.
  • Ultrasonic testing devices usually have a test head with a Transmitter receiver oscillator, as stated in the above article is known by way of example. Basically, there are also probes with separate oscillators, ie a transmitter oscillator and a Receiver oscillator, for this purpose, reference is made only by way of example to the DE-book J. Krautkrämer and W. Krautkrämer "Material Testing with Ultrasound "in Springer Verlag, 6th ed. In the previously known Double-swinging probes are the oscillators in the sound propagation direction arranged side by side. This is the path of ultrasound between Transmitter oscillator and receiver oscillator V-shaped. In the examination of But this is disadvantageous layers, one would like to be at right angles to the Measure the boundary surfaces of the layers.
  • test head In this probe are - as known per se - separate oscillator for sending out and for receiving the ultrasonic pulse provided and arranged directly behind one another.
  • test head according to the invention behaves essentially like a transient test head, because the two arranged one behind the other Swingarms are made of the same material and are made respectively Plastic film are made.
  • the invention thus proposes a spatial formation of the two Schwinger before, which is as similar as possible to the training of a Einschwingerprüfkopfes.
  • the two oscillators are galvanic separated from each other, thereby influencing the Receiver electronics largely excluded by the transmission pulse is.
  • the dead time is largely suppressed and practical no longer important. In that regard, can already shortly after sending an ultrasonic pulse must be received, accordingly even a small flow path can be used. On a You do not always want to forego the preliminary route because of the supply line and the oscillators are protected.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer between transmitter and receiver oscillator as low as possible. she should be so low that reflections practically do not occur.
  • a material for the adhesive layer is used, the As similar sound properties as the material of Schwinger.
  • transmitter oscillators and Essentially identical to perform receiver oscillator. Especially The sound fields of these two oscillators should be as equal as possible. On this approach will be as close as possible to a transient test head achieved.
  • the transmitter oscillator on his from the receiver oscillator surface facing away with a damping body connect.
  • damping body are known ansich, but it is in Advantageous invention, the transmitter oscillator with the damping body connect to. In this way, the shortest possible impulses achieved.
  • the flow body with to connect to the receiver transducer In the same vein, it has proven to be favorable, the flow body with to connect to the receiver transducer.
  • the receiver transducer is at Although this arrangement radiates directly from the acoustic transmission pulse and accordingly gives an electrical signal at its electrodes but this process is extremely short-lived and has to be measured practically no effect.
  • the immediately adjacent Electrodes of the two oscillators to the same potential especially at ground potential. This way, there are no problems a galvanic separation between the two adjacent electrodes given.
  • the transmitter electronics and the receiver electronics to arrange as close as possible to the respective vibrators, in particular to accommodate them in the same housing. This becomes the influence largely excluded from parasitic capacitances and inductances.
  • the transmitter electronics low impedance, while the input of the receiver electronics high impedance is executed.
  • the low-impedance transmitter output allows the desired, short-term voltage drops.
  • the high-impedance Transmitter input is the receiver film as little as possible loaded.
  • a transmitter oscillator 26 having an upper electrode 28th and a lower electrode 30, a receiver oscillator 32 having an upper one Electrode 34 and a lower electrode 36 and a flow body 38. All these parts are round or cylindrical, they are to an axis 40th arranged coaxially.
  • the damping body 24 is made of a material as possible the same characteristic impedance as the two identical oscillators 26, 32nd Has. He is concretely made of cast resin and directly on the transmitter oscillator 26, that is, the upper electrode 28, infused. He is axial about 10 mm long.
  • transmitter oscillator 26 and receiver oscillator 32 are identical Used oscillator. Starting with a finished PVDF film, like her commercially available, the electrodes 28 and 30 and 34 and 36 applied by vapor deposition and then the electrodes contacted. The corresponding connection lines 42, 44, 46 are in Figure 1 shown. Above the damping body 24 are three soldering pads appropriate. To them, the connecting lines 42 to 46 are guided.
  • the two oscillators 26, 32 are interconnected by an adhesive layer 48 connected. This is located between the lower electrode 30 of the transmitter oscillator 26 and the upper electrode 34 of the receiver oscillator 32nd She is as thin as possible. It can be made of a conductive material consist. Its thickness is chosen so that it is much smaller as the wavelength for which the two vibrators 26, 32 are designed.
  • a flow body 38 made of polystyrene At the front sits to protect the sensitive films, a flow body 38 made of polystyrene.
  • Polystyrene points to high frequencies, for example 100 MHz, the lowest losses of the materials studied on. It has a good impedance matching to PVDF. Is possible also a lead body made of acrylic glass, he has slightly higher losses.
  • the arrangement of the two films of transmitter oscillator 26 and receiver oscillator 32 is chosen to achieve a maximum of sensitivity becomes.
  • the connection of the individual Materials must be done very carefully, especially air bubbles be avoided. In the frequency domain make themselves thinner Bonding layers, such as adhesive layers, noticeable.
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the actual test head.
  • the vibrators 26, 32 are not made from pre-made foils, but made by vapor deposition of the material PVDF. This vapor deposition is done either on a very thin ground electrode 30, 34, for both Schwinger 26, 32 is provided in common. Used is a wafer-thin Gold foil or a foil of appropriate material. She will be at her both surfaces vaporized in the same way with PVDF. Subsequently For example, the upper electrode 28 and the lower electrode 36 are applied. On the upper electrode 28, in turn, the damping body 24 is poured. A lead body 38 made of solid material is not provided this time. Instead, a water supply line 50 is used.
  • FIG. 2 shows a thin layer 52 as they are checked with the probe should, it is on a support 54.
  • the transmitter oscillator 26 is slow charged and discharged abruptly with a transmission trigger (SAP).
  • SAP transmission trigger
  • About the resistor R1 can with knowledge of the capacitance C of the film Charging time constant can be set. By a slow charge is prevents an acoustic signal from being emitted during charging becomes.
  • the discharge of the transmitter oscillator 26 takes place via the transistor V2.
  • a VMOS transistor is used for this transistor.
  • the control This transistor is made using the avalanche effect in the transistor V1.
  • the transmitter electronics are located inside the probe housing 20th
  • the receiver electronics according to FIG. 4 are likewise integrated in the test head. It is respected on the shortest possible supply lines, these should less than 2 cm long, preferably shorter.
  • the receiver electronics uses an op-amp Op1 CLC 449 from Comlinear, he is set to quadruple gain. He forms a high-impedance Termination of the receiver so as not to stress the receiving foil. In this way a Signalvermerschuug is avoided.
  • the reinforcement is determined by the resistors R6 and R7.
  • Op Amp is a cable driver for the subsequent 50 ohm coaxial cable for signal transmission of the output signal Usig.
  • the two oscillators 26, 32 is in the receiver oscillator 32 an electrical crosstalk of the transmission signal.
  • the anti-parallel connected Diodes D3 and D4 have the task of crosstalk too limit. At the same time they protect the op amp from being in to reach the saturation region.
  • Transmitter electronics and receiver electronics are realized in SMD technology to minimize the size.
  • the entire electronics finds it on a circuit board that has a size of 15mm x 32mm.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une tête de contrôle pour le contrôle par ultrasons selon le procédé par écho d'impulsion, en particulier pour la production d'une impulsion ultrasonore brève, autant que possible unipolaire, comprenant un oscillateur émetteur (26) et un oscillateur récepteur (32) qui sont chacun pourvus d'électrodes (28, 30, 34, 36). L'oscillateur émetteur (26) et l'oscillateur récepteur (32) sont constitués du même matériau. L'oscillateur émetteur (26) et l'oscillateur récepteur (32) sont disposés l'un derrière l'autre, directement, dans le sens de propagation du son, en particulier collés à plat l'un sur l'autre.

Claims (10)

  1. Palpeur pour le contrôle par ultrasons selon le procédé d'échos impulsionnels, notamment pour produire une impulsion ultrasonore de courte durée, si possible unipolaire, avec un oscillateur à cristal de quartz émetteur (26) et un oscillateur à cristal de quartz récepteur (32) chacun muni d'électrodes (28, 30, 34, 36), l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz émetteur (26) et l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz récepteur (32) étant disposés l'un derrière l'autre suivant la direction de propagation du son, caractérisé en ce que l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz émetteur (26) et l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz récepteur (32) sont fabriqués dans le même matériau et sont réalisés chacun en feuille de matière plastique.
  2. Palpeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz émetteur (26) et l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz récepteur (32) sont reliés entre eux par une couche adhésive (48) et que l'épaisseur de la couche adhésive (48) entre l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz émetteur (26) et l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz récepteur (32) est aussi faible que possible et notamment sensiblement inférieure à la longueur d'ondes pour laquelle les oscillateurs (26, 32) ont été conçus.
  3. Palpeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz émetteur (26) et l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz récepteur (32) sont d'une exécution sensiblement identique.
  4. Palpeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz émetteur (26) est relié par sa face détournée de l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz récepteur (32) à un corps amortisseur (24).
  5. Palpeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz récepteur (32) est relié par sa face détournée de l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz émetteur (26) à un corps de tête (38), notamment que l'on utilise un corps de tête (38) d'une épaisseur de quelques millimètres seulement, typiquement comprise entre 1 et 4 mm, de préférence d'une épaisseur de 2 mm.
  6. Palpeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz émetteur (26) est relié à un émetteur électronique et l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz récepteur (32) à un récepteur électronique, caractérisé en ce que les électrodes (28, 30, 34, 36) immédiatement voisines reliées par la couché adhésive (48) sont au même potentiel, notamment au potentiel de masse.
  7. Palpeur selon la revendication 6 avec un boítier de palpeur, caractérisé en ce que l'émetteur électronique et le récepteur électronique sont disposés aussi près que possible des oscillateurs (26, 32), notamment qu'ils se trouvent dans le boítier du palpeur.
  8. Palpeur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz émetteur (26) est relié à une sortie basse impédance de l'émetteur électronique et que l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz récepteur (32) est relié à une entrée haute impédance du récepteur.
  9. Palpeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'oscillateur est réalisé en feuilles de PVDF.
  10. Procédé de mise en fonctionnement d'un palpeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, pour produire la tension d'excitation de l'oscillateur émetteur (26), on applique à celui-ci une tension augmentant lentement dans le temps et que l'on court-circuite l'oscillateur à cristal de quartz émetteur (26) en très peu de temps dès qu'une tension suffisante est atteinte.
EP98933515A 1997-08-13 1998-05-13 Tete de controle pour le controle par ultrasons selon le procede par echo d'impulsion Expired - Lifetime EP1003614B8 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19735101 1997-08-13
DE19735101A DE19735101A1 (de) 1997-08-13 1997-08-13 Prüfkopf für die Ultraschallprüfung nach dem Impuls-Echo-Verfahren
PCT/DE1998/001323 WO1999008809A1 (fr) 1997-08-13 1998-05-13 Tete de controle pour le controle par ultrasons selon le procede par echo d'impulsion

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1003614A1 EP1003614A1 (fr) 2000-05-31
EP1003614B1 true EP1003614B1 (fr) 2005-08-10
EP1003614B8 EP1003614B8 (fr) 2005-10-12

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98933515A Expired - Lifetime EP1003614B8 (fr) 1997-08-13 1998-05-13 Tete de controle pour le controle par ultrasons selon le procede par echo d'impulsion

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6286371B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1003614B8 (fr)
JP (1) JP4197577B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20010022692A (fr)
AU (1) AU8332098A (fr)
CA (1) CA2300091C (fr)
DE (2) DE19735101A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL134209A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999008809A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2003222969A1 (en) * 2002-04-12 2003-10-27 Azea Networks Limited Transmission system
RU2248850C1 (ru) * 2004-06-21 2005-03-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Ультразвуковая техника - инлаб" Ультразвуковое устройство
US8007659B2 (en) 2008-06-03 2011-08-30 Graftech International Holdings Inc. Reduced puffing needle coke from coal tar distillate
WO2016148860A1 (fr) * 2015-03-16 2016-09-22 The Regents Of The University Of California Microphone à ultrasons et radio acoustique à ultrasons

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5728500A (en) * 1980-07-29 1982-02-16 Kureha Chem Ind Co Ltd Ultrasonic wave transducer
FR2496919A1 (fr) * 1980-12-22 1982-06-25 Labo Electronique Physique Appareil d'examen de milieux par methode ultrasonore
JPS6066882A (ja) * 1983-09-22 1985-04-17 Murata Mfg Co Ltd 圧電変位素子およびその分極方法
DE3441563A1 (de) 1984-11-14 1985-05-30 Michael Dipl.-Phys. 5600 Wuppertal Platte Kombinierte ultraschallwandler aus keramischen und hochpolymeren piezoelektrischen materialien
JPS61205100A (ja) * 1985-03-08 1986-09-11 Murata Mfg Co Ltd 圧電発音体
DE3710339A1 (de) * 1987-03-28 1988-10-06 Deutsch Pruef Messgeraete Piezopolymerer ultraschallwandler
US4868447A (en) * 1987-09-11 1989-09-19 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Piezoelectric polymer laminates for torsional and bending modal control
JP3039971B2 (ja) * 1989-09-19 2000-05-08 株式会社日立製作所 接合型圧電装置及び製造方法並びに接合型圧電素子
JP3185226B2 (ja) * 1991-01-30 2001-07-09 株式会社村田製作所 圧電バイモルフ素子の駆動方法及び圧電バイモルフ素子
JPH0773732A (ja) * 1993-06-23 1995-03-17 Sharp Corp 誘電体薄膜素子及びその製造方法
US5629906A (en) * 1995-02-15 1997-05-13 Hewlett-Packard Company Ultrasonic transducer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU8332098A (en) 1999-03-08
IL134209A (en) 2003-04-10
IL134209A0 (en) 2001-04-30
WO1999008809A1 (fr) 1999-02-25
EP1003614B8 (fr) 2005-10-12
DE59812997D1 (de) 2005-09-15
EP1003614A1 (fr) 2000-05-31
CA2300091C (fr) 2005-02-08
JP4197577B2 (ja) 2008-12-17
DE19735101A1 (de) 1999-02-18
US6286371B1 (en) 2001-09-11
JP2001515214A (ja) 2001-09-18
KR20010022692A (ko) 2001-03-26
CA2300091A1 (fr) 1999-02-25

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