EP1039345A2 - Procédé de sous-titrage de films cinématographiques, en particulier sur support à base de polyester - Google Patents
Procédé de sous-titrage de films cinématographiques, en particulier sur support à base de polyester Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1039345A2 EP1039345A2 EP99870281A EP99870281A EP1039345A2 EP 1039345 A2 EP1039345 A2 EP 1039345A2 EP 99870281 A EP99870281 A EP 99870281A EP 99870281 A EP99870281 A EP 99870281A EP 1039345 A2 EP1039345 A2 EP 1039345A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- film
- engraving
- laser
- air
- laser beam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010147 laser engraving Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010329 laser etching Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001479434 Agfa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C11/00—Auxiliary processes in photography
- G03C11/02—Marking or applying text
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of subtitling of cinematographic films, in particular of the type polyester and triacetate, by a laser beam, in it showing a route corresponding to the subtitle to engrave.
- the cleaning treatment can be carried out by making a second pass of the laser beam in the same areas to be engraved with the film, in particular GB-2036369-A.
- the second document proposes, in a first step, to carry out an engraving operation laser by applying a laser beam whose movement speed at the film level is between 1 cm / s and 200 cm / s and the power at the film level is between 100 milliwatt and 20 watt, the V / P ratio between the speed of movement expressed in cm / s and the film level power expressed in watts being understood between 10 and 30 and high enough for the beam laser performs a complete transformation of the emulsion in the engraved areas, causing heating, softening and dislocation of the emulsion without completely eliminate this emulsion transformed; and in a second step, to submit the engraved film with a treatment for cleaning the engraved areas ensuring elimination in the film areas previously marked by the low laser beam power, heated emulsion particles and dislocated by the laser beam thus revealing transparent subtitles.
- V / P ratio is a way of expressing for a defined width of the line etched by the laser beam on the film, the reverse of the total energy applied per unit area.
- polyester as a support has caused new difficulties that wasn't known or rarely encountered for triacetate cellulose. This new medium is indeed more sensitive in the heat.
- the invention generally aims to improve the conditions of subtitling in order to obtain better qualitative results, especially on support polyester.
- the aims are obtained by a film subtitling process cinematographic, according to which we engrave elements graphics or texts on a motion picture film from the polyester or other type using a laser beam traveling on the film the area to be marked and according to which, in a first step, we proceed to an operation of laser engraving by applying a laser beam whose film speed is between 1 cm / s and 200 cm / s and the power at level of the film is between 100 milliwatt and 20 watt, the total etching energy expressed by the V / P ratio between the speed of movement expressed in cm / s and the film level power expressed in watts being understood between 2 and 10 cm / s watt, and in a second step, we subjects the etched film to a finish treatment of the areas which have been etched by the laser beam, leaving appear transparent subtitles, using a jet of steam and / or hot air.
- the present invention makes it possible to remedy the disadvantages of prior art solutions. She is presented as a two-step process.
- the two steps can however also take place almost simultaneously, on the same machine (essentially formed by the engraving unit laser), thereby saving energy, time, labor and a rewashing machine.
- the process produces subtitles of best quality. Indeed, it leaves a black border around the letters, which greatly improves the ease for reading subtitles on clear backgrounds. Subtitles whose transparency is more regular (i.e. which no longer exhibit untimely coloring depending on the background of the image) are no longer as shiny on black backgrounds and no longer dazzle the viewer.
- the first step is a laser engraving step obtained by the displacement of a laser spot focused on gelatin.
- the engraving can be done in one, two or more than two passes.
- the writing speed of the etching spot is between 10 and 60 cm / s, but this speed can increase significantly when passing a line to the other when the engraving is interrupted, in order to decrease the total execution time per image.
- the power of the laser beam at the gelatin is preferably between 1 and 10 w.
- the total energy of the etching operation in single pass or multiple pass is between 2 and 10 cm / s.watt. This energy must be sufficient to completely transform the emulsion in carbonaceous residues eliminable by the device which will be described below, but not too high to prevent heat from processing gelatin does not affect the support of the film.
- the emulsion previously transformed into carbonaceous residues is subject to a jet of steam and / or hot humid air.
- the humid hot air supply pipe is preferably reheated so as to avoid any condensation and projection of droplets and advantageously, can be provided with a net whose propeller goes up towards the source of humid air, so also avoid the projection of water droplets on the film.
- the advantage of using humid air is that the gelatin remains practically dry and the film can be rolled up immediately, without problems, and without additional operation. For more security, we can, if desired, blow dry hot air immediately after the humid air.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic view a first type of installation suitable for setting up practice of the invention in which laser engraving and the finishing treatment is carried out in the same machine.
- Figure 2 shows a view of a subtitle obtained by the process, under the conditions of Example 1, before (lower image) and after (image superior) treatment with moist air.
- Figure 3 shows a variant of execution using a laser engraving unit and a separate unit for finishing treatment.
- Laser engraving equipment 1 emits a laser beam to burn text on film 3 coming from a winder-unwinder system (defiler) 5.
- the film is guided and driven to a mechanism frame by frame 9.
- the mechanism of image by image advancement comprises a drum 11 and four rollers 13.
- the film is entrained between the drum 11 and the two upper rollers 13 then returned, image by image, in front of an exhibition window 15. She then returns between the drum 11 and the two rollers lower 13 to finally return to the system rewinder-unwinder 5.
- the spot laser is derived in X and Y and controlled in intensity "everything or nothing "by an acousto-optic modulator, all under the control of a computer.
- the speed of the writing spot at the film is between 10 and 60 cm / s, and the power of the laser spot at film level is between 1 and 10 watt.
- the diameter of the writing spot is included between 30 and 100 ⁇ m.
- the writing of the subtitle can be done in single, double or multi-pass depending on the hardness of the gelatin and the total etching energy at the emulsion is limited between 2 and 10 cm / s.watt.
- a second step which can be called revelation of the subtitle, is produced by a device 17 mounted immediately after the exposure window 15.
- This device blows moist air, de-oiled and dusted, on gelatin.
- the temperature of this air is between 20 and 100 ° C and its degree humidity between 50 and 100%.
- the humid air supply line can have a diameter of 4 mm and carries a net whose propeller goes up towards the humid air source, in order to avoid that water droplets are sprayed onto the gelatin.
- This tubing may include an electrical resistance which also heats this air.
- the device 23 preferably comprises a air extraction device containing residues carbonaceous and therefore ensures both drying and the suction of these residues which can be separated by filtration.
- An air conditioning unit 23 provides the supply of devices 17 and 21.
- the air injected by the device 17 is of course moistened before its use.
- the technique is also applicable to a finishing treatment based on the use of steam of water.
- the film etched by a laser beam as it passes between a take-up reel 31 and a take-up reel 33 pass in front of a jet of steam or hot humid air 35 product by a steam or hot air generator 37 before enter a separate drying cabinet 39.
- the principle of the invention is applicable to all types of supports (triacetate, polyester) and all film formats (16, 35 or 70 mm).
- AGFA CP 20 film (polyester base) is engraved in double pass with a writing speed of 25 cm / s per pass in an installation like this illustrated in figure 1.
- the power of the laser - semiconductor is 2.6 watts at the film level.
- the diameter of the laser spot is set at 65 ⁇ m and the total etching energy corresponds to a V / P ratio 5 cm / s.watt.
- the air used is at a temperature of 37 ° C.
- the humidity is 90%.
- the diameter of the tubing blowing air is 4 mm, the distance from the film being 20 mm.
- a black border is obtained surrounding the letters of the engraved text.
- the subtitles are easier to read in light areas than is not the case with conventional techniques.
- a film engraved using a laser beam is subjected during its circulation between a coil debtor 31 and a take-up reel 33 for a few seconds to a steam jet at 100 ° C. He is sent then directly into the volume drying cabinet 39 reduced and at a lower temperature compared to what is usual for so-called classic "rewashing" machines.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
- Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- la bordure noire autour de la lettre est enlevée, ce qui rend le sous-titre illisible sur les fonds clairs;
- suivant le contenu de l'image, et donc du niveau d'absorption de l'énergie du laser, les sous-titres placés dans des zones les plus sombres de l'image deviennent très transparents et à la limite éblouissants lors de la projection;
- la mise en contact avec un bain de lavage nécessite une machine supplémentaire équipée d'une armoire de séchage très importante, la gélatine étant très hygroscopique. Cette machine a un coût, de même que le personnel qui devra charger, surveiller, décharger et entretenir cette machine dite de "rewashing". Elle va également consommer de l'eau et le séchage va exiger une consommation appréciable d'électricité;
- de plus, un traitement de ce type engendre certains risques : griffures, séchage insuffisant avec comme conséquence le risque d'adhérence de la gélatine d'une spire contre le support de la spire précédente ou suivante lors de l'enroulement, ce qui détruirait la copie.
Claims (13)
- Procédé de sous-titrage de films cinématographiques, selon lequel on grave des éléments graphiques ou des textes sur un film cinématographique du type polyester ou autre à l'aide d'un faisceau laser parcourant sur le film la zone à marquer et selon lequel, dans une première étape, on procède à une opération de gravure au laser grâce à l'application d'un faisceau laser dont la vitesse de déplacement au niveau du film est comprise entre 1 cm/s et 200 cm/s et la puissance au niveau du film est comprise entre 100 milliwatt et 20 watt, le rapport V/P entre la vitesse de déplacement exprimée en cm/s et la puissance au niveau du film exprimée en watt étant compris entre 2 et 10 cm/s watt, et dans une deuxième étape, on soumet le film gravé à un traitement de finition des zones qui ont été gravées par le faisceau laser, laissant apparaítre des sous-titres transparents, caractérisé en ce que le traitement de finition est réalisé en utilisant un jet de vapeur d'eau et/ou d'air chaud.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la première étape est une étape de gravure au laser par déplacement d'un spot laser focalisé sur la gélatine, la gravure étant réalisée en une, deux ou plus de deux passes.
- Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse d'écriture du spot de gravure est comprise entre 10 et 60 cm/s.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la puissance du faisceau laser au niveau de la gélatine est comprise entre 1 et 10 W.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'énergie totale de l'opération de gravure en simple passe ou en passes multiples, exprimée par le rapport V/P, est comprise entre 2 et 10 cm/s watt.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la gélatine préalablement transformée en résidus carbonacés dans la première étape est soumise dans une deuxième étape à un jet de vapeur d'eau et/ou d'air chaud humide à l'aide d'un dispositif placé sur le mécanisme d'avance image par image de l'unité de gravure.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise une unité de traitement de finition séparée de l'unité de gravure du film.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise un jet d'air humide chauffé à une température comprise entre 20 et 100 °C, le taux d'humidité de cet air étant compris entre 50 et 100%.
- Procédé selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que de l'air chaud et sec est soufflé sur la pellicule immédiatement après l'action du jet d'air chaud humide.
- Procédé selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que l'on procède à un réchauffage de l'air chaud humide juste avant qu'il n'arrive sur la gélatine afin d'éviter la condensation en gouttelettes.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on procède à une aspiration des résidus soufflés par le jet de vapeur d'eau et/ou d'air chaud humide ou le jet d'air de séchage.
- Application du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes à la gravure de sous-titres sur tous les types de supports (triacétate, polyester) et tous les formats de pellicule (16, 35 ou 70 mm).
- Produits gravés obtenus par le procédé d'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisés par un liseré noir entourant les lettres du texte gravé et une meilleure lisibilité dans les zones claires.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19990870281 EP1039345B1 (fr) | 1999-03-25 | 1999-12-23 | Procédé de sous-titrage de films cinématographiques, en particulier sur support à base de polyester |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99870059A EP1039344A1 (fr) | 1999-03-25 | 1999-03-25 | Procédé de sous-titrage de films cinématographiques, en particulier sur support à base de polyester |
| EP99870059 | 1999-03-25 | ||
| EP19990870281 EP1039345B1 (fr) | 1999-03-25 | 1999-12-23 | Procédé de sous-titrage de films cinématographiques, en particulier sur support à base de polyester |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1039345A2 true EP1039345A2 (fr) | 2000-09-27 |
| EP1039345A3 EP1039345A3 (fr) | 2000-12-06 |
| EP1039345B1 EP1039345B1 (fr) | 2004-03-10 |
Family
ID=26153846
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19990870281 Expired - Lifetime EP1039345B1 (fr) | 1999-03-25 | 1999-12-23 | Procédé de sous-titrage de films cinématographiques, en particulier sur support à base de polyester |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1039345B1 (fr) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4214249A (en) | 1973-08-20 | 1980-07-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Recording member for laser beam and process for recording |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2682520B1 (fr) * | 1991-10-11 | 1994-02-11 | Titra Film Sa | Procede de sous-titrage de films cinematographiques. |
-
1999
- 1999-12-23 EP EP19990870281 patent/EP1039345B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4214249A (en) | 1973-08-20 | 1980-07-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Recording member for laser beam and process for recording |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1039345A3 (fr) | 2000-12-06 |
| EP1039345B1 (fr) | 2004-03-10 |
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