EP1046448A2 - Appareil pour l'élimination du liant de poudre métallique - Google Patents

Appareil pour l'élimination du liant de poudre métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1046448A2
EP1046448A2 EP00104195A EP00104195A EP1046448A2 EP 1046448 A2 EP1046448 A2 EP 1046448A2 EP 00104195 A EP00104195 A EP 00104195A EP 00104195 A EP00104195 A EP 00104195A EP 1046448 A2 EP1046448 A2 EP 1046448A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
binding material
furnace
sintering
dewaxing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00104195A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1046448A3 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Felski (FH)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH filed Critical ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH
Publication of EP1046448A2 publication Critical patent/EP1046448A2/fr
Publication of EP1046448A3 publication Critical patent/EP1046448A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
    • B22F3/1021—Removal of binder or filler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any of groups F27B1/00 - F27B15/00
    • F27B17/0016—Chamber type furnaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/06—Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers
    • F27D2007/063—Special atmospheres, e.g. high pressure atmospheres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/06—Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers
    • F27D2007/066—Vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
    • F27D2019/0018—Monitoring the temperature of the atmosphere of the kiln
    • F27D2019/0021—Monitoring the temperature of the exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0028—Regulation
    • F27D2019/0034—Regulation through control of a heating quantity such as fuel, oxidant or intensity of current

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for removing binding material made of metal powders according to the preambles of claims 1 and 8.
  • Hard metals for particularly stressed parts of tools for example Drills or saw blades are usually made by sintering.
  • This binding material is usually a wax, e.g. B. paraffin.
  • the binding material is then removed from the metal powder by evaporation removed and the metal powder sintered.
  • the sintered material i.e. H. this in a certain shape brought metal powder together with binder slowly to the evaporation temperature brought of the wax.
  • the wax escapes from the Sintered material.
  • the temperature is then increased and the metal powder ends sintered.
  • dewaxing process takes up to five hours because it is faster Outgrowing would cause problems.
  • a disadvantage of the known dewaxing processes is that you don't know exactly when the wax is complete has escaped from the metal powder.
  • a disadvantage of the dewaxing processes or devices mentioned above is that they cannot be used to determine when the dewaxing ends is. In practice, therefore, a long dewaxing time is selected to be safe to be that the dewaxing is really complete.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of an apparatus and a method with which the end of the dewaxing process can be reliably determined can.
  • the advantage achieved with the invention is that the sintering process is shortened, which results in an increase in efficiency of the sintering plant.
  • the invention thus relates to an apparatus and a method for eliminating Binding material made of metal powders and the like.
  • the fact is used made that from a sintering furnace during a dewaxing process escaping and sucked off through a pipe has a temperature profile, which gives an indication of the state of dewaxing.
  • a temperature profile which gives an indication of the state of dewaxing.
  • the maximum degree of dewaxing d. H. when the gas emerging from a sintered mass If the wax reaches a maximum, the temperature in the suction tube is also the highest. Is this maximum can be determined by extrapolation to the end of the dewaxing process conclude. Once the end of this process has been determined, the process must dewaxing should not be carried out longer than necessary. So you can earlier start with the actual sintering process as usual.
  • a vacuum furnace 1 is shown in FIG can be heated.
  • a body 6 to be sintered is provided in a transducer 3, which is on a table 4 with a Is 5, a body 6 to be sintered is provided.
  • This body 6 is made made of metal powder and a binding agent, which ensures that the body 6 keeps its shape. Before the sintering process, the body has a quasi-solid consistency, d. H. it keeps its shape.
  • a metal powder mixture can also be used - Made of chrome or cobalt or cermets or ceramics become. Paraffin is preferably used as the binder. But it can any other suitable binder can also be used.
  • the body 6 is now to be sintered, i. H. the metal powder is said to be compacted by heating or agglomerated.
  • the temperature must be so high during sintering that the individual grains of the starting material interact with one another through an interface reaction be welded.
  • This sintering temperature is approximately 1000 ° C to 1600 ° C. In front However, the wax is expelled from the body 6 during the alleged sintering process. The temperature required for this is much lower.
  • B 150 ° C to 500 ° C.
  • the binder in the body 6 gradually evaporates, so there is a so-called dewaxing process in vacuum oven 1 instead of.
  • a suction pump 7 is provided, which in the vacuum furnace has a suction pipe 8 1 located gases and a wax separator, not shown feeds.
  • a heat sensor 9 is arranged in the suction pipe 8, for example a thermocouple, which detects the temperature prevailing in the pipe and sends it to a computer or controller 10 reports.
  • thermocouples 20 to 22 show a cross section through a vacuum furnace 1 with three heaters.
  • the Heaters themselves are not shown here, but only three thermocouples 20 to 22, which are assigned to the heaters, not shown.
  • the of The temperatures measured by the thermocouples 20 to 22 are sent to the computer 10 fed and evaluated there.
  • the temperature ⁇ OVEN generated by the heater 2 in the vacuum furnace 1 increases linearly during the dewaxing .
  • the temperature curve is shown in dashed lines on ⁇ OVEN .
  • the absolute values of ⁇ OVEN depend on various parameter sizes, for example the size of the furnace, the batch size, the pressure fluctuations, the fluctuations in the gas pressure flow and the gas used. However, these parameter sizes are all taken into account in the computer 10, so that the desired temperature is always reached via the heater 2.
  • the temperature curve at the point where the temperature sensor 9 is located would correspond approximately to the linear temperature curve ⁇ ' LINE .
  • This temperature ⁇ ' LINE is lower than the temperature ⁇ OVEN because the gases in the vacuum furnace 1 cool down somewhat until they come to the temperature sensor 9.
  • the dewaxing process changes the temperature profile at the location of the temperature sensor 9 in accordance with the curve ⁇ LINE , as shown in FIG. 3, ie the curve ⁇ LINE has a pronounced one Hump ".
  • This hump is more pronounced the faster the temperature is run through.
  • a pronounced hump is desirable for measurement reasons because it is easy to measure, but it is undesirable to run through the temperature too quickly for sintering reasons, so that an optimum in the range 0.1 ... 2 degrees / min can be found.
  • the control computer 10 used to determine the point E takes into account the different influencing or disturbance variables, such as furnace size, temperature rise in the Furnace, batch size and thus evaporation volume.
  • the entire sintering process takes about 10 ... 36 hours, of which the dewaxing phase takes about 1.5 ... 5 hours.
  • the abbreviations HK1 and HK2 refer to two different heaters in the vacuum oven 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
EP00104195A 1999-04-22 2000-03-01 Appareil pour l'élimination du liant de poudre métallique Withdrawn EP1046448A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19918282A DE19918282C1 (de) 1999-04-22 1999-04-22 Einrichtung und Verfahren zum Beseitigen von Bindestoff aus Metallpulvern
DE19918282 1999-04-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1046448A2 true EP1046448A2 (fr) 2000-10-25
EP1046448A3 EP1046448A3 (fr) 2004-01-21

Family

ID=7905494

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00104195A Withdrawn EP1046448A3 (fr) 1999-04-22 2000-03-01 Appareil pour l'élimination du liant de poudre métallique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1046448A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE19918282C1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102211010A (zh) * 2011-05-11 2011-10-12 山东大学 自动控温石蜡熔化及保温装置
CN112815374A (zh) * 2021-03-03 2021-05-18 王青梅 一种供热供暖的监控设备
US11364679B2 (en) 2019-11-01 2022-06-21 General Electric Company System and method of additively manufacturing an object

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10151358A1 (de) * 2001-10-22 2003-04-30 Gero Hochtemperaturoefen Gmbh Verfahren zur Steuerung des Entbinderungsprozesses bei MIM- oder CIM-Teilen

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3654374A (en) * 1969-07-25 1972-04-04 Adamas Carbide Corp Apparatus for and method of de-waxing, presintering and sintering powdered metal compacts
US4305756A (en) * 1980-01-14 1981-12-15 Witec Cayman Patents, Ltd. Method and means for removing binder from a green body
US4404166A (en) * 1981-01-22 1983-09-13 Witec Cayman Patents, Limited Method for removing binder from a green body
DE3127066A1 (de) * 1981-07-09 1983-01-27 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zur austreibung organischer bindemittel aus formkoerpern
SE453183B (sv) * 1982-05-04 1988-01-18 Svenska Silikatforskning Forfarande for reducering av tiden vid avlegsnande av temporera bindemedel fran en formad kropp
GB2198433B (en) * 1986-12-05 1990-11-07 Romain Louis Billiet Improvements in or relating to the removal of organic binding agents from articles moulded from sinterable materials
US4917859A (en) * 1989-09-06 1990-04-17 Mitsubishi Steel Mfg. Co., Ltd. Dewaxing process for metal powder compacts made by injection molding
DE19939765C1 (de) * 1999-08-21 2001-03-01 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Einrichtung zum Entwachsen von Sintermaterial

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102211010A (zh) * 2011-05-11 2011-10-12 山东大学 自动控温石蜡熔化及保温装置
US11364679B2 (en) 2019-11-01 2022-06-21 General Electric Company System and method of additively manufacturing an object
CN112815374A (zh) * 2021-03-03 2021-05-18 王青梅 一种供热供暖的监控设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1046448A3 (fr) 2004-01-21
DE19918282C1 (de) 2001-01-25

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