Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
  • C11B15/00—Solidifying fatty oils, fats, or waxes by physical processes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
  • B01F25/21—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams with submerged injectors, e.g. nozzles, for injecting high-pressure jets into a large volume or into mixing chambers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
  • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
  • B01F25/312—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof
  • B01F25/3121—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof with additional mixing means other than injector mixers, e.g. screens, baffles or rotating elements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
  • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
  • B01F25/312—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof
  • B01F25/3124—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof characterised by the place of introduction of the main flow
  • B01F25/31243—Eductor or eductor-type venturi, i.e. the main flow being injected through the venturi with high speed in the form of a jet
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/40—Static mixers
  • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
  • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
  • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/40—Static mixers
  • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
  • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
  • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
  • B01F25/4335—Mixers with a converging-diverging cross-section
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
  • C11B7/00—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils
  • C11B7/0091—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils non-solvents, e.g. water wherein the fat or oil is dispersed account a more washing out of fractions is not taken into
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
  • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/50—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for the continuous crystallization of fats and oils, more particularly of vegetable and animal origin, and of the corresponding fatty acids.
• compositions can be generically designated by the expression "fatty substances”.
• - fats with a very high percentage of triglycerides with a high melting point such as vegetable tallows generally called exotic fats, cocoa butters, palm-mid-fractions, palm kernel and hydrogenated oils,
• fats with a high percentage of low-melting triglycerides such as, for example, partially hydrogenated palm, butter, bacon and fish fats,
• fractionation of fats with a high melting point requires small crystallizers with a very large exchange surface in order to eliminate the latent heat of crystallization released suddenly by the fat.
• a recent patent application (PCT / BE96 / 00106) describes the same principle of separation but instead of introducing the palm kernel in the liquid, or semi-solid or even pasty state, it is introduced in the form of a ball in a aqueous solution previously refrigerated.
• the process is characterized in that it consists in melting the fat, in dividing the melt into the most homogeneous balls possible and of the most regular dimensions possible, and to introduce these beads into an aqueous solution. ".
• the whole art lies in dividing the melted fat into beads using perforated plates.
• the present invention in fact uses a dynamic system comprising a venturi as present in a liquid ejector or hydro-ejector.
• the invention more generally provides a method which consists in crystallizing the fat, preferably continuously, and in separating it either by centrifugation or by filtration depending on the type of fat.
• the separation of the crystals can be done directly or after tempering depending on the polymorphic form required.
• a melted fat is used which is then sucked into a hydro-ejector, generally located at an upper part of the installation, and brought into a reactor equipped with an agitator and an exchanger to control the reactor temperature.
• Hot grease in contact with cold water excellent cold conductor, directly
• instantly forms a mixture of micro-crystals in water can be in the form of a suspension of micro-crystals in water (palm kernel) or oil-water-crystal emulsions (case of palm fat or liquid fats), the crystals being in the oil phase.
• the invention can therefore be applied to the three categories of fat defined in the introduction to this description.
• the water temperature of one hydro-ejector can be adjusted between 2 and 35 ° C depending on the fat, for example preferably about 8 ° C for palm fat. Only triglycerides with a high melting point crystallize, the others remain liquid.
• the resulting crystal-oil-liquid-water emulsion separates fairly quickly in the reactor into an upper phase consisting of crystals in suspension in the oil, and an aqueous phase which settles in the lower part.
• the upper phase (crystal-oil) is separated immediately or after tempering with stirring and controlled temperature.
• the separation can be carried out either by centrifugation or by filtration through a membrane filter press.
• the aqueous phase it can be recycled in the hydro-ejector after adjusting the temperature.
• the crystals formed float in the water at the top of the reactor.
• the aqueous phase settles in the lower part and can be advantageously recycled.
• the suspension of the crystals is kept under stirring for a certain time, for example from 2 to 5 hours between 10 and 22 ° C., before being pumped into a membrane filter.
• the water entrained with the crystals is first removed, then the crystals are compacted, e.g. for at least 30 minutes at minimum 20 bar.
• the palm kernel thus produces a liquid phase, olein, with an iodine index of 24.5.
• a solid fraction is obtained, in the form of a stearin cake, the iodine index of 7 starting from palm kernel of 17.5 of iodine index.
• the process can be applied to crude or refined fats, which may or may not still contain water.
• a melted (18% water) and homogenized butter can be crystallized immediately by giving an aqueous phase and triglyceride crystals with high melting point, present in suspension in an oil with low Fusion point.
• oils rich in waxes such as sunflower oil, subjected to the process of the invention generate an oily phase containing wax crystals in suspension.
• Fig. 1 illustrates a hydro-ejector suitable for practicing the invention.
• the fluid sucked into one hydro-ejector is, for example, the molten palm kernel which comes into contact with the working fluid, namely water, at the outlet of the driving nozzle.
• the hot fluid (palm kernel) mixed with the cold fluid (water) is instantly cooled by turbulence and sprayed at high speed in the form of a stable dispersion of water-fat micro-crystals.
• This emulsion is pumped directly into the high pressure membrane filter press or can be previously tempered or matured (stirred) at the desired temperature before being filtered.
• the hydro-ejector is located at the top of a reactor. However, it can be found elsewhere and even be submerged in a reactor.
• the reactor can also be equipped with a multi-hydro-ejector (ejector with several outlets).
• the invention is illustrated by the following example.
• a 2 liter crystallizer cooled to 10 ° C. is prepared using a double jacket and provided with an agitator and a hydro-ejector (water pump) supplied with water at 10 ° C. at a flow rate of 15 1 / minute.
• 500 g palm nut 17.5 of iodine value, liquefied at 70 ° C is sucked from a tank in the crystallizer at a rate of 4 1 / minute via the water pump.
• Palm kernel fat crystals varying in size from 5 to 800 microns are immediately formed. These remain perfectly suspended in water in the upper part of the crystallizer.
• the lower part of the crystallizer - that is 3/4 of the total volume - is occupied by decanted water. This can be pumped by a bottom valve and then recycled to the water pump supply tank whose temperature is maintained at 10 ° C.
• the supernatant part of the crystallizer composed of crystals suspended in water is stirred for 3 to 10 hours at 10 ° C and then pumped to a membrane press filter. During the feeding of the filter, the water used as a means of transport is also eliminated and recycled.
• a stearin cake with an iodine index of 7 is collected with a yield of approximately 37%.
• the iodine index of the olein collected is 24-25.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
• Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=3891099

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Families Citing this family (5)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1999
  • 1999-02-18 EP EP99934298A patent/EP1056820A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1999-02-18 WO PCT/BE1999/000026 patent/WO1999042545A1/fr not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events