EP1647604B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steigerung der Qualität von Stahl-oder Aluminiumbändern bei der Wärmebehandlung in einem Durchlaufofen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steigerung der Qualität von Stahl-oder Aluminiumbändern bei der Wärmebehandlung in einem Durchlaufofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1647604B1
EP1647604B1 EP20050292110 EP05292110A EP1647604B1 EP 1647604 B1 EP1647604 B1 EP 1647604B1 EP 20050292110 EP20050292110 EP 20050292110 EP 05292110 A EP05292110 A EP 05292110A EP 1647604 B1 EP1647604 B1 EP 1647604B1
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Prior art keywords
strip
real time
rollers
heating
critical
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP20050292110
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1647604A3 (de
EP1647604A2 (de
Inventor
Patrick Bernard Michel Dubois
Michel Camille Marcel Boyer
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John Cockerill SA
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Cockerill Maintenance and Ingenierie SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/562—Details
    • C21D9/563—Rolls; Drums; Roll arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/28—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity for treating continuous lengths of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/562—Details

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a process for improving the production of a vertical heat treatment line for steel or aluminum and / or improving the quality of the products to be treated.
  • the method of the invention relates to vertical lines (or having a vertical chamber) for treating steel or aluminum strips using at least one vertical heating chamber or a vertical cooling chamber, such as the heat treatment lines, in particular continuous annealing lines, or such as coating lines, in particular metal or non-metallic coating lines.
  • This process aims to maximize the productivity of the line and the quality of the final product by determining the speed, heat transfer and traction of the treated product, optimal steady state and transient avoiding creases on the bandaged.
  • a vertical heating chamber of a strip processing line made according to the state of the art is constructed according to the principle shown in the figure 1 , on which one distinguishes a heating chamber 1, transport rollers 2 or return equipping said chamber, a metal strip 3 passing on said rollers, and heating elements 4.
  • the strip 3 is heated in the chamber 1 mainly by the heating elements 4, which are most often constituted by electric or gas-fired radiant tubes.
  • the band 3 is heated on both sides by the heating elements 4 located on either side of the line of passage, and said band changes line of passage to each return roller .
  • the heating curve of the strip 3 in the chamber 1 is controlled by the indexing of the various heating elements 4 or groups of heating elements operating identically.
  • a vertical cooling chamber of a strip processing line made according to the state of the art is constructed according to the principle shown in the figure 2 , on which one distinguishes a cooling chamber 1 ', rollers 2' conveying or returning equipping said chamber, a metal strip 3 'passing on said rollers, and cooling elements 4'.
  • the strip 3 ' is cooled in the chamber 1' mainly by the cooling elements 4 ', which are most often constituted by gas blowing assemblies at a temperature below the temperature of the strip.
  • the band 3' is cooled on both sides by the cooling elements 4 'located on either side of the pass line, and said band changes line of passage at each return roller.
  • the cooling curve of the strip 3 'in the chamber is controlled by the indexing of the different cooling elements 4' or groups of cooling elements operating identically.
  • the productivity of the line is determined by the capacity of each chamber 1 or 1 'to provide heat transfer of heating or cooling to reach strip temperatures at the exit of rooms that respect given temperature tolerances.
  • the quality of the final product is therefore highly dependent on the respect of the metallurgical tolerances, but also on the non-formation of folds on the strip (that is to say the respect of the process tolerances). Indeed, the folds can lead to permanent deformations that are not compatible with the end use, or scratches when the folds touch fixed elements located in line, or even breaks in the band.
  • the metallurgical tolerances are in turn determined reliably by the operator, usually by mechanical tests performed on tape samples taken at the end of the line.
  • the temperature distribution along the longitudinal axis of the roll then takes the form of a bowl, as shown in FIG. figure 3 .
  • This inhomogeneous temperature distribution along the longitudinal axis of the roller causes a differential expansion or thermal profile, which follows the same profile as the temperature profile.
  • the thermal profile is called diabolo.
  • the temperature distribution along the longitudinal axis of the roll then takes the form of a bulge, as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 .
  • This inhomogeneous temperature distribution along the longitudinal axis of the roller causes a differential expansion or thermal profile, which follows the same profile as the temperature profile.
  • the thermal profile is said curved.
  • the hot profile of the rollers in contact with the strip is the superposition of a machining profile (that is to say cold profile) and a thermal profile (in diabolo in the heating chambers, and in curved in the cooling chambers).
  • a "diabolo" hot profile of the roll ie with a diameter in the median zone of the strip which is smaller than the diameter towards the edges of the roll. the band
  • a flat hot profile or with a slight bulge that is, with a diameter in the median area of the band that is larger than the diameter towards the edges of the band.
  • a "diabolo" profile is not self-centering, and when the band is moving towards one of the edges of the roll, it is not biased towards the center, unlike the "curved" profile which is self-centering. This phenomenon has also been widely observed when driving rotating machines by flat belts.
  • the rollers equipping the heating chambers are usually machined with an initial crown, which is sufficient to keep a hot profile with a very slight crown after the thermal profile due to the contact of the strip and the roll, while the rollers equipping the cooling chambers are most generally machined with a flat profile, the very slight final convexity of the hot profile is the thermal profile due to the contact of the strip and the roll.
  • the risk of formation of folds is all the greater as the profile of the roll under the band moves away from a cylindrical profile and the band is This band then has a lower elastic limit and a lower buckling limit. If we go from a narrow band to a wide band, the initial hot thermal curvature will be too pronounced, and this curvature of the roll too pronounced will therefore lead to a risk of large folds. Similarly, the passage of a thick band to a thin band in a heating chamber presents greater risks than in steady state.
  • Room pleat sensors have sometimes been used to control web speed (speed reduction). This technique, however, has the disadvantage of having no predictive action, and involves a loss of production.
  • Transition ie, non-commercialized or decommissioned
  • coils have also been used during format transitions and / or band quality at the risk of wrinkles, which avoids wrinkles on the strips marketed or otherwise. decommissioned, with consequences for production losses (tape breakage for example) and / or quality, but this implies a loss of productivity of the line.
  • Dynamic screen methods have also been used, ie the reduction of the folds formed in the heating zone of the continuous treatment lines of the strips by action on the thermal crown of the transport rollers, this modification of the thermal state of rollers being carried out directly by modulating the heating of the radiant tubes located in the vicinity of these rollers.
  • This method acts on the thermal crown only according to empirical criteria determined by the overall temperature tolerances (ie without dissociation of metallurgical tolerances and process tolerances), and does not control the web tension, and this fact does not optimize the productivity of the line.
  • the radiant tubes are grouped together for heating control in vertical control zones, so that a control of the only radiant tubes located in the vicinity of the rollers imposes heavy modifications and therefore no economic.
  • the document WO 98/30852 discloses a method for optimizing the guidance of a metal strip passing over a plurality of rolls in a continuous heat treatment line.
  • the method implements regulation by a control system which takes into account the measurements of variables relating to the band and variable relating to the heating system.
  • the control system uses these variables, manually entered data, and a so-called "design" temperature profile to determine changes to the warming system parameters to achieve this temperature profile.
  • the document EP-A1-0 265 700 discloses a device for controlling the tension of a moving web in a vertical heat treatment line, comprising means for estimating the temperature on various sections of the roll, according to the temperature measured in the oven and the speed unwinding of the tape.
  • the description specifies that the device comprises a circuit for determining a target voltage of the band taking into account the estimated effective curvature of the roll.
  • the document JP-A-08 013 042 thus describes a method of reducing wrinkles for a steel strip circulating in a heating chamber, wherein the heating elements are piloted to adjust the temperature of the heating chamber and the temperature of the strip, based on the experience of previous operations. It should be noted that no real-time calculation of the hot roll profile and the web temperature is expected. The line speed is only determined empirically from acceptable temperature ranges, so no reference to an integrated physical heat exchange model is provided.
  • the document JP-A-07 278 682 describes a method analogous to the previous one, in which a gaseous atmosphere is piloted to prevent the formation of folds by modifying the instructions of a direct fire preheating, with the determination of a range of admissible temperatures for the strip. There is therefore no concern in this process of the roll profiles.
  • the document JP-A-02 030 721 describes a method for obtaining a stable guide of the web on the rollers (the question of the folds is therefore not directly concerned), based on the temperature differences between the edges and the center of the rollers, which differences are maintained below a predetermined threshold by changing the line speed. We therefore try to predict by calculation the distribution of the temperatures in the rollers according to the measurements of thickness, width, temperature, and speed of the band. However, it is not suggested to calculate in real time the hot roll profile, and no reference to an integrated physical heat exchange model is planned.
  • the document JP-A-62 089 821 discloses a method of preventing both side slip of the web and crease formation, by estimating the curvature of the rolls and changing the line speed so that the curvature remains in a predetermined range. It is therefore a purely empirical approach with reference to graphs, consisting of empirically selecting band heating profiles in the heating chamber and then interpolating. It should be noted that the estimation of the curvature of the rollers in question has nothing to do with a real-time profile calculation.
  • the document JP-A-60 021 335 describes a fold detector by a sensor that transmits an alert message in the event of a detected bend, which message triggers a readjustment of the parameters of temperature, line speed, and band voltage.
  • JP-A-08 060 255 discloses a method of detecting and predicting fold formation by repetitive calculations of web temperature, roll temperature, and roll profile. It should be noted that no reference to an integrated physical heat exchange model is planned.
  • the document JP-A-04 056 733 finally describes a roll structure with a heated inner sleeve to have a more uniform distribution of temperature.
  • the aim of the invention is to optimize the line speed and / or the strip tension and / or the temperature tolerances. process economically to maximize line production and the quality of the final product.
  • the technical problem mentioned above is solved according to the invention by means of a process for improving the production of a vertical heat treatment line for steel or aluminum and / or for improving the quality of the products to be produced.
  • process by reducing the folds formed in a heating or cooling chamber for a metal strip passing on transport and / or return rollers equipping said chamber, with a determination of acceptable strip temperature tolerances for non-forming folds on the rollers, in stable or transient state, said method being characterized by a real-time calculation of the hot profile of the most critical roll or rolls for the formation of folds, and a real-time calculation of the maximum allowable strip temperature for the hot profile or profiles calculated for the at least one most critical roll, said calculations being made by reference to at least one mod an integrated physical heat exchange shield including at least the conductive exchange between the strip and the rolls of the heating or cooling chamber according to claim 1.
  • the method comprises optimizing the heat profile (s) calculated in real time from the most critical roller (s) by acting on the heating or cooling elements of the strip equipping the heating or cooling chamber.
  • the method comprises calculating and applying in real time the maximum allowable strip speed and / or the maximum allowable strip tension for the hot profile or profiles calculated in real time from the most critical roll or rolls. .
  • the invention also relates to a device for implementing an improvement method having at least one of the abovementioned characteristics, said device being remarkable in that it comprises a process calculator using at least one integrated physical model of heat exchange including at least the conductive exchanges between the strip and the rolls of the heating or cooling chamber, said calculator being arranged to determine acceptable strip temperature tolerances for non-wrinkling on the rolls, and for calculate in real time the hot profile of the most critical roll or rolls for the formation of folds and the maximum permissible temperature for the hot profile or profiles calculated for the at least one most critical roll, with reference to said at least one model integrated physics of heat exchange.
  • the process computer is also arranged to calculate in real time the allowable speed and / or web tension for the one or more hot profiles calculated in real time from the most critical roll or rolls.
  • metallurgical temperature tolerance constraints are indicated as set by the operator for a given band, and a mathematical model optimizes the line speed, process temperature tolerances and / or tensile tape to avoid wrinkles and ensure maximum productivity based on the real-time calculation of steady and transient roll profiles.
  • the mathematical model integrates in real time the effect of conduction between the band and the rollers.
  • An example of implementation of the invention in a heating chamber is constituted by a process computer 100 which mainly models heat exchanges between the strip 3 and the heating elements 4, the heat exchange between the strip 3 and the rollers 2, and the heat exchange between the chamber 1 and the strip 3 , in order to calculate the real-time thermal profile of each roll or critical roll for forming folds.
  • the computer 100 is thus able to take and / or indicate the actions necessary to prevent the formation of folds.
  • An example of implementation of the invention in a cooling chamber is constituted by a process computer 100 which mainly models the heat exchanges between the band 3 'and the cooling elements 4', the heat exchanges between the band 3 'and the rollers 2', and the heat exchanges between the chamber 1 and the band 3 ', in order to calculate the real-time thermal profile of each roll or critical roll for forming folds.
  • the computer 100 is thus able to take and / or indicate the actions necessary to prevent the formation of folds.
  • the implementation in one or more heating chambers 1 can naturally be combined with the implementation in one or more cooling chambers 1 '.
  • the integrated physical heat exchange model used by the process computer 100 concerns at least the conductive exchanges between the 3 or 3 'band. and the rollers 2 or 2 'of the heating or cooling chamber. However, it may also concern other heat exchanges, in particular radiation exchanges (between the strip and the heating or cooling elements, or between the strip and the heating or cooling chamber), or convection exchanges (between the strip and the gaseous atmosphere prevailing in the heating or cooling chamber).
  • the integrated physical model serves as a basic reference for heat exchanges between the 3 or 3' strip and the rollers 2 or 2 ', in particular the rollers which are upstream of the most critical roller or rollers, because the latter obviously have a predominant influence.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Verfahren zur Steigerung der Produktion einer vertikalen Wärmebehandlungslinie zur Wärmebehandlung von Stahl oder Aluminium und/oder zur Steigerung der Qualität der zu behandelnden Produkte durch Reduzierung von Falten, die in einer Heiz- oder Kühlkammer (1; 1') für ein Metallband (3; 3') gebildet werden, das auf Transport- und/oder Umlenkrollen läuft, mit denen diese Kammer ausgestattet ist, mit einer Bestimmung der akzeptablen Bandtemperaturtoleranzen für eine Nichtbildung von Falten auf den Rollen im Ruhe- oder Übergangszustand, gekennzeichnet durch eine Echtzeitberechnung des Warmprofils der Rolle bzw. Rollen (2; 2'), die für die Bildung von Falten am kritischsten sind, und eine Echtzeitberechnung der maximal zulässigen Bandtemperatur für das berechnete Warmprofil bzw. die berechneten Warmprofile für die kritischste Rolle bzw. die kritischsten Rollen, wobei diese Berechnungen durch Bezugnahme auf mindestens ein physikalisches Modell mit integriertem Wärmeaustausch erfolgen, das zumindest die leitenden Austausche zwischen dem Band (3; 3') und den Rollen (2; 2') der Heiz- oder Kühlkammer (1; 1') einschließt.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Optimierung des echtzeitberechneten Warmprofils bzw. der echtzeitberechneten Warmprofile der kritischsten Rolle bzw. der kritischsten Rollen (2; 2') durch Einwirken auf die Bandheiz- oder -kühlelemente (4; 4'), mit denen die Heiz- oder Kühlkammer (1; 1') ausgestattet ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet durch die Berechnung und die Anwendung in Echtzeit der maximal zulässigen Bandgeschwindigkeit für das echtzeitberechnete Warmprofil bzw. die echtzeitberechneten Warmprofile der kritischsten Rolle bzw. der kritischsten Rollen (2; 2').
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet durch die Berechnung und die Anwendung in Echtzeit des maximal zulässigen Bandzuges für das echtzeitberechnete Warmprofil bzw. die echtzeitberechneten Warmprofile der kritischsten Rolle bzw. der kritischsten Rollen (2; 2').
  5. Vorrichtung, die dazu bestimmt ist, ein Verfahren zur Steigerung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 durchzuführen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Prozessrechner (100) umfasst, der mindestens ein physikalisches Modell mit integriertem Wärmeaustausch umfasst, das zumindest die leitenden Austausche zwischen dem Band (3; 3') und den Rollen (2; 2') der Heiz- oder Kühlkammer (1; 1') einschließt, wobei der Rechner derart ausgebildet ist, dass er die für die Nichtbildung von Falten auf den Rollen zulässigen Bandtemperaturtoleranzen bestimmt und dass er das Warmprofil der kritischsten Rolle bzw. der kritischsten Rollen (2, 2') für die Bildung von Falten und die maximal zulässige Temperatur für das berechnete Warmprofil bzw. die berechneten Warmprofile für die kritischste Rolle bzw. die kritischsten Rollen unter Bezugnahme auf das mindestens eine physikalische Modell mit integriertem Wärmeaustausch in Echtzeit berechnet.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Prozessrechner (100) ferner ausgebildet ist, um die zulässige Geschwindigkeit und/oder den zulässigen Bandzug für das echtzeitberechnete Warmprofil bzw. die echtzeitberechneten Warmprofile der kritischsten Rolle bzw. der kritischsten Rollen (2; 2') in Echtzeit zu berechnen.
EP20050292110 2004-10-14 2005-10-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steigerung der Qualität von Stahl-oder Aluminiumbändern bei der Wärmebehandlung in einem Durchlaufofen Expired - Lifetime EP1647604B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0410848A FR2876709B1 (fr) 2004-10-14 2004-10-14 Procede et dispositif d'amelioration qualitative et quantitative de la production dans un four vertical de traitement de bandes d'acier ou d'aluminium

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1647604A2 EP1647604A2 (de) 2006-04-19
EP1647604A3 EP1647604A3 (de) 2008-07-30
EP1647604B1 true EP1647604B1 (de) 2015-05-20

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EP20050292110 Expired - Lifetime EP1647604B1 (de) 2004-10-14 2005-10-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steigerung der Qualität von Stahl-oder Aluminiumbändern bei der Wärmebehandlung in einem Durchlaufofen

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EP (1) EP1647604B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2544945T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2876709B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1017683A3 (fr) * 2007-07-12 2009-03-03 Drever Internat Sa Procede, dispositif et systeme de traitement thermique d'une bande metallique en defilement.
FR3149701A1 (fr) * 2023-06-06 2024-12-13 Fives Keods Procede de pilotage d’une ligne continue

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6021335A (ja) * 1983-07-12 1985-02-02 Kawasaki Steel Corp 連続焼なましにおける熱処理制御方法と装置
JPS6289821A (ja) * 1985-10-16 1987-04-24 Kawasaki Steel Corp 連続焼鈍設備のライン速度制御方法
CA1280190C (en) * 1986-09-30 1991-02-12 Yasuhiro Yamaguchi Method and system for controlling tension to be exerted on metal strip in continuous annealing furnace
JPH0230721A (ja) * 1988-07-20 1990-02-01 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 連続焼鈍炉の運転方法
JP2762710B2 (ja) * 1990-06-25 1998-06-04 住友金属工業株式会社 熱クラウン抑制ハースロール
JPH07278682A (ja) * 1994-04-15 1995-10-24 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 連続加熱炉における板温制御方法
JP3380330B2 (ja) * 1994-06-30 2003-02-24 新日本製鐵株式会社 連続焼鈍炉の板温制御方法
JP3121499B2 (ja) * 1994-08-22 2000-12-25 新日本製鐵株式会社 帯板連続焼鈍設備のヒ−トバックル監視方法
US5827056A (en) * 1997-01-09 1998-10-27 Drever Company Device and method for improving strip tracking in a continuous heating furnace
JP3394685B2 (ja) * 1997-03-25 2003-04-07 川崎製鉄株式会社 金属帯熱処理炉の異常予測方法及びその装置
FR2820148B1 (fr) * 2001-01-31 2003-10-31 Stein Heurtey Perfectionnements apportes aux procedes de chauffage de bandes d'acier dans des fours verticaux

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Publication number Publication date
FR2876709B1 (fr) 2007-07-27
EP1647604A3 (de) 2008-07-30
FR2876709A1 (fr) 2006-04-21
EP1647604A2 (de) 2006-04-19
ES2544945T3 (es) 2015-09-07

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