EP1717353B1 - Bain galvanique contenant une membrane de filtration - Google Patents

Bain galvanique contenant une membrane de filtration Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1717353B1
EP1717353B1 EP05009127A EP05009127A EP1717353B1 EP 1717353 B1 EP1717353 B1 EP 1717353B1 EP 05009127 A EP05009127 A EP 05009127A EP 05009127 A EP05009127 A EP 05009127A EP 1717353 B1 EP1717353 B1 EP 1717353B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filtration membrane
bath
electroplating bath
cathode
zinc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP05009127A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1717353A1 (fr
Inventor
Karlheinz Arzt
Jens-Eric Geissler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atotech Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Atotech Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Atotech Deutschland GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Atotech Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
Priority to DE502005007138T priority Critical patent/DE502005007138D1/de
Priority to AT05009127T priority patent/ATE429528T1/de
Priority to EP05009127A priority patent/EP1717353B1/fr
Priority to ES05009127T priority patent/ES2324169T3/es
Priority to ES09152660.8T priority patent/ES2574158T3/es
Priority to EP09152660.8A priority patent/EP2050841B1/fr
Priority to CN201510173898.7A priority patent/CN104911676B/zh
Priority to BRPI0610765A priority patent/BRPI0610765B1/pt
Priority to CA2600273A priority patent/CA2600273C/fr
Priority to CN201510173915.7A priority patent/CN104911651A/zh
Priority to JP2008508150A priority patent/JP4955657B2/ja
Priority to PCT/EP2006/003883 priority patent/WO2006114305A1/fr
Priority to KR1020077019889A priority patent/KR101301275B1/ko
Priority to CNA2006800094924A priority patent/CN101146934A/zh
Priority to US11/912,591 priority patent/US8293092B2/en
Publication of EP1717353A1 publication Critical patent/EP1717353A1/fr
Publication of EP1717353B1 publication Critical patent/EP1717353B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
    • C25D3/565—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of zinc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
    • C25D17/02—Tanks; Installations therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
    • C25D17/002—Cell separation, e.g. membranes, diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
    • C25D21/06—Filtering particles other than ions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
    • C25D21/16—Regeneration of process solutions
    • C25D21/22—Regeneration of process solutions by ion-exchange

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an alkaline electroplating bath for applying zinc alloys to substrates, in which the anode space and the cathode space are separated from one another by a filtration membrane.
  • zinc alloys can be deposited on substrates in a consistently high quality.
  • the electroplating bath is operated with zinc alloy baths containing organic additives such as brighteners and wetting agents and complexing agents in addition to soluble zinc salts and optionally other metal salts selected from iron, nickel, cobalt and tin salts.
  • Bath dilution reduces the concentration of impurities in proportion to the degree of dilution.
  • a dilution is easy to carry out, but has the disadvantage that the amount of electrolyte removed from the bath has to be supplied to cost-intensive disposal.
  • a complete new approach of the bath can be considered in this context as a special case of Badver Mednung.
  • Activated carbon treatment by stirring 0.5-2 g / l of activated carbon into the bath followed by filtration reduces the concentration of impurities by adsorption on the coal. Disadvantage of this method is that it is laborious is and causes only a relatively small reduction.
  • Alkaline Zn baths contain a factor of 5 to 10 lower proportion of organic additives as acidic baths. Accordingly, contamination by decomposition products is generally less critical. In the case of alkaline alloy baths, however, the addition of significant amounts of organic complexing agents is required to complex the alloying additive (Fe, Co, Ni, Sn). These are oxidatively degraded at the anode and the accumulated decomposition products have a negative effect on the production process.
  • the EP 1 369 505 A2 discloses a method for purifying a zinc-nickel electrolyte in a galvanic process in which a portion of the process bath used in the process is evaporated until phase separation into a lower phase, at least one middle phase and an upper phase occurs, and the lower one and the upper phase are separated. This process requires several stages and is disadvantageous in terms of its energy requirements from a cost point of view.
  • the WO 00/06807 and WO 01/96631 describe electroplating baths for applying zinc-nickel coatings. To avoid the undesirable decomposition of additives at the anode, it is proposed to separate the anode from the alkaline electrolyte through an ion exchange membrane.
  • Baths have the disadvantage that in the anodic decomposition of the nitrogen-containing complexing agent cyanide is formed and accumulates in non-negligible concentration.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an alkaline electroplating bath, which does not have the aforementioned disadvantages.
  • the life of the bath is to be increased, the anodic decomposition of organic constituents of the bath to be minimized and, when it is used, a layer thickness of consistently high quality to be obtained on the coated substrate.
  • the invention relates to an alkaline electroplating bath for applying zinc alloys on substrates having a cathode and an anode comprising a zinc alloy bath having a filtration membrane of polysulfones which separates the anode space and the cathode space of the bath from each other.
  • filtration membranes are used.
  • the size of the pores of these filtration membranes is generally in a range of 0.0001 to 1.0 and 0.001 to 1.0 ⁇ m, respectively, depending on the type of the membrane (nano- or ultrafiltration membrane).
  • the pore size is in a range of 0.1 to 0.3 microns.
  • the filtration membrane in the alkaline electroplating bath according to the invention is designed as a flat membrane.
  • the alkaline electroplating bath according to the invention can also be realized with other membrane forms, examples being hoses, capillaries and hollow fibers.
  • Such baths are for example in US 5,417,840 .
  • US 4,421,611 US 4,877,496 or US 6,652,728 described.
  • the alkaline electroplating bath according to the invention has the advantage that in it also baths for the deposition of zinc alloys can be used, which are suitable for use in the from WO 00/06807 and WO 01/96631 known alkaline zinc-nickel bath with an ion exchange membrane are not suitable.
  • sold by the applicant bath "Protedur Ni-75" to call which is characterized by a particularly high efficiency.
  • the previously used anodes can be used further. These are mostly nickel anodes.
  • the use of these anodes is less expensive than that from the WO 00/06807 known electroplating bath, in which special platinum-plated titanium anodes must be used in addition.
  • the anode space is preferably made smaller than the cathode space, since the essential processes take place there.
  • Both baths were operated with and without filtration membrane in 5-liter tanks.
  • the filtration membrane used was the Abwa-Tec polymer membrane P150F, which has a pore size of 0.12 ⁇ m.
  • the membrane was placed in the anode to cathode bath with the anolyte and catholyte being identical, ie, no special anolyte was added.
  • iron sheets (7 ⁇ 10 cm), which are usually used for Hull cell tests, were used as workpieces to be coated and coated at a current density of 2 A / dm 2 .
  • the baths were operated in serial connection. The movement of the iron sheets was mechanical, at a speed of 1.4 m / min.
  • Table 2 shows the Hull cell layer thickness in a new approach and old approach depending on the throughput with and without filtration membrane. The layer thickness measurements were made after adjustment of the baths.
  • the dots lie on the Hullzellenblechen 3 cm from the bottom and 2.5 cm from the left and right lateral edge. On the left side is the high current density (point A) and on the right the low current density (point B).
  • the average layer thickness is approximately 35% higher in a new batch in the high current density range and approximately 19% higher in the low current density range as if one had not used a filtration membrane. In the old batch, it is on average 17% and 12% higher than without filtration membrane.
  • a filtration membrane is produced after a throughput of> 1000 Ah / l introduced after a short time comparable to a new approach current efficiency.
  • Table 3 shows the average consumption (1 / 10,000 Ah) of the electrolyte in the bath for filtration membrane electroplating baths according to the invention and baths which do not have this membrane.
  • the organic consumption was reduced between 12 and 29% depending on the additive.
  • Complexing agent quadrol, polyethylenimine Brilliant addition: pyridine-N-propane-3-sulfonic acid
  • composition of the aforementioned baths were analyzed according to the tests described above. Of particular interest was their cyanide content. This was much lower when using the baths according to the invention with a filtration membrane as baths without membrane. As shown in Table 4 below, a bath without the membrane had a cyanide content of 680 mg / L (new batch) and 790 mg / L (bath of> 1000 Ah / L), respectively, while the corresponding membrane baths contained a cyanide Content of 96 mg / L or 190 mg / L.
  • the cyanide content of an old batch ie a bath with> 1000 Ah / l can be reduced when it is provided with a filtration membrane and operated.
  • the cyanide content was reduced from 670 mg / l to 190 mg / l.
  • the color of the baths was also evaluated. It was found that the color of a freshly prepared bath without membrane changed from initially violet-orange to brown within 15 Ah / l, whereby it remained violet or violet-orange over the entire time when using a filtration membrane. The old batch remained brown without using a membrane and the color changed to orange-brown after 15 Ah / l using a filtration membrane. Violet is also the color of freshly applied baths, which then turn to orange (after a few Ah / l) and at high throughput in brown.
  • the voltage between anode and cathode was measured. It was about 3 V and was only about 50-100 mV higher in both approaches using a filtration membrane. Is used instead of the filtration membrane an ion exchange membrane, as in the WO 00/06807 described is, the voltage is higher by at least 500 mV. This again shows the advantage of using a filtration membrane instead of an ion exchange membrane.
  • the use of filtration membranes over the use of ion exchange membranes offers many advantages.
  • the coating process carried out therewith is more cost-effective, since no platinized anodes have to be used, catholyte and anolyte can have the same composition, and thus no circulation for the anolyte is required.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Un bain galvanique alcalin pour le dépôt d'alliages de zinc sur des substrats avec une anode et une cathode comprenant un bain d'alliage de zinc caractérisé en ce que le compartiment anodique et le compartiment cathodique sont séparés par une membrane de filtration en polysulfones.
  2. Le bain galvanique alcalin selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la taille des pores est dans la fourchette de 0,0001 à 1,0pm.
  3. Le bain galvanique alcalin selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la taille des pores de la membrane de filtration est de préférence dans la fourchette de 0,1 à 0,3µm.
  4. Le bain galvanique alcalin selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la membrane de filtration est sous la forme d'une membrane plane.
  5. Le bain galvanique alcalin selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'anolyte contenu dans le compartiment anodique possède la même composition que le catholyte contenu dans le compartiment cathodique.
  6. Utilisation d'une membrane de filtration en polysulfone pour la subdivision d'un bain galvanique alcalin avec une anode et une cathode dans un compartiment anodique et un compartiment cathodique pour élever la durée de vie, pour éviter la décomposition anodique des composants organiques du bain et pour obtenir des couches de haute qualité constante.
  7. Un procédé pour le dépôt d'alliages de zinc sur des substrats caractérisé en ce qu'on introduit le substrat en tant que cathode dans un bain galvanique alcalin selon les revendications 1 à 6 et on revêtit galvaniquement le substrat avec l'alliage de zinc.
  8. Le procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise une solution en tant qu' électrolyte comprenant les composants suivants:
    • 80-250 g/l NaOH, respectivement KOH
    • 5-20 g/l de zinc sous la forme des sels solubles de zinc
    • 0,02-10 g/l de métal d'alliage Ni, Fe, Co, Sn sous la forme des sels solubles de métal
    • 2-200 g/l d'agent complexant choisi parmi les polyalkylène-amines, les alcanolamines, les polyhydroxycarboxylates
    • 0,1-5 g/l de lustrant aromatique ou hétéroaromatique.
  9. Le procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'on effectue le revêtement à une température de 10 à 60°C, de préférence de 20 à 30°C.
  10. Le procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'on fait fonctionner le bain avec une densité du courant de 0,25 à 10 A/dm2, de préférence de 1 à 3 A/dm2.
EP05009127A 2005-04-26 2005-04-26 Bain galvanique contenant une membrane de filtration Expired - Lifetime EP1717353B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE502005007138T DE502005007138D1 (de) 2005-04-26 2005-04-26 Alkalisches Galvanikbad mit einer Filtrationsmembran
AT05009127T ATE429528T1 (de) 2005-04-26 2005-04-26 Alkalisches galvanikbad mit einer filtrationsmembran
EP05009127A EP1717353B1 (fr) 2005-04-26 2005-04-26 Bain galvanique contenant une membrane de filtration
ES05009127T ES2324169T3 (es) 2005-04-26 2005-04-26 Baño galvanico alcalino con una membrana de filtracion.
ES09152660.8T ES2574158T3 (es) 2005-04-26 2005-04-26 Baño galvánico alcalino con una membrana de filtración
EP09152660.8A EP2050841B1 (fr) 2005-04-26 2005-04-26 Bain galvanique alcalin doté d'une membrane de filtration
CA2600273A CA2600273C (fr) 2005-04-26 2006-04-26 Bain galvanoplastique alcalin a membrane de filtration
CNA2006800094924A CN101146934A (zh) 2005-04-26 2006-04-26 具有滤过膜的碱性电镀浴
CN201510173898.7A CN104911676B (zh) 2005-04-26 2006-04-26 具有滤过膜的碱性电镀浴
CN201510173915.7A CN104911651A (zh) 2005-04-26 2006-04-26 具有滤过膜的碱性电镀浴
JP2008508150A JP4955657B2 (ja) 2005-04-26 2006-04-26 ろ過膜を備えたアルカリ電気めっき浴
PCT/EP2006/003883 WO2006114305A1 (fr) 2005-04-26 2006-04-26 Bain galvanoplastique alcalin a membrane de filtration
KR1020077019889A KR101301275B1 (ko) 2005-04-26 2006-04-26 여과막을 가지는 알칼리 전기도금조
BRPI0610765A BRPI0610765B1 (pt) 2005-04-26 2006-04-26 banho alcalino de eletrogalvanização tendo uma membrana de filtração
US11/912,591 US8293092B2 (en) 2005-04-26 2006-04-26 Alkaline electroplating bath having a filtration membrane

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05009127A EP1717353B1 (fr) 2005-04-26 2005-04-26 Bain galvanique contenant une membrane de filtration

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09152660.8A Division EP2050841B1 (fr) 2005-04-26 2005-04-26 Bain galvanique alcalin doté d'une membrane de filtration

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1717353A1 EP1717353A1 (fr) 2006-11-02
EP1717353B1 true EP1717353B1 (fr) 2009-04-22

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09152660.8A Revoked EP2050841B1 (fr) 2005-04-26 2005-04-26 Bain galvanique alcalin doté d'une membrane de filtration
EP05009127A Expired - Lifetime EP1717353B1 (fr) 2005-04-26 2005-04-26 Bain galvanique contenant une membrane de filtration

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09152660.8A Revoked EP2050841B1 (fr) 2005-04-26 2005-04-26 Bain galvanique alcalin doté d'une membrane de filtration

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US8293092B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2050841B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4955657B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101301275B1 (fr)
CN (3) CN104911676B (fr)
AT (1) ATE429528T1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0610765B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2600273C (fr)
DE (1) DE502005007138D1 (fr)
ES (2) ES2574158T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006114305A1 (fr)

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EP2384800A1 (fr) 2010-05-07 2011-11-09 Dr.Ing. Max Schlötter GmbH & Co. KG Régénération d'électrolytes nickel-zinc alcalins par la suppression de cyanidiones
EP3358045A1 (fr) 2017-02-07 2018-08-08 Dr.Ing. Max Schlötter GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de dépôt par placage de revêtements en zinc et en alliage de zinc à partir d'un bain de revêtement alcalin à élimination réduite des additifs de bain organiques
EP3415665A1 (fr) 2017-06-14 2018-12-19 Dr.Ing. Max Schlötter GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de dépôt galvanique de revêtements d'alliage zinc/nicel à partir d'un bain d'alliage nickel/zinc à élimination réduite des additifs
EP2978877B1 (fr) 2013-03-28 2020-09-23 Coventya SAS Bain d'electroplacage pour des alliages zinc-fer, procede de depot d'alliage zinc-fer sur un dispositif et un tel dispositif

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EP3464684A4 (fr) * 2016-05-24 2020-03-11 Coventya Inc. Alliages ternaires de zinc-nickel-fer et électrolytes alcalins pour le placage de ces alliages
WO2018018161A1 (fr) * 2016-07-29 2018-02-01 Simon Fraser University Procédé de dépôt électrochimique
ES2757530T3 (es) * 2017-09-28 2020-04-29 Atotech Deutschland Gmbh Método para depositar electrolíticamente una capa de aleación de zinc-níquel sobre al menos un sustrato a tratar
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PL3914757T4 (pl) * 2019-01-24 2023-08-21 Atotech Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Sposób elektrolitycznego osadzania stopu cynkowo-niklowego z zastosowaniem membranowego systemu anodowego
WO2020166062A1 (fr) 2019-02-15 2020-08-20 ディップソール株式会社 Procédé et système d'électrodéposition de zinc ou d'alliage de zinc
RU2712582C1 (ru) * 2019-07-16 2020-01-29 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ивановский государственный химико-технологический университет" Электролит для электроосаждения цинк-железных покрытий
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FR2839729B1 (fr) * 2002-05-16 2005-02-11 Univ Toulouse Procede de protection d'un substrat en acier ou alliage d'aluminium contre la corrosion permettant de lui conferer des proprietes tribologiques, et substrat obtenu
DE10225203A1 (de) 2002-06-06 2003-12-18 Goema Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Spülwasserrückführung und Reinigung eines Prozessbades
AU2003252677A1 (en) 2002-07-25 2004-02-16 Shinryo Electronics Co., Ltd. Tin-silver-copper plating solution, plating film containing the same, and method for forming the plating film
AU2003239929A1 (en) 2003-06-03 2005-01-04 Coventya Sas Zinc and zinc-alloy electroplating
JP4120497B2 (ja) * 2003-06-27 2008-07-16 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 電気亜鉛系めっき鋼板
FR2864553B1 (fr) 2003-12-31 2006-09-01 Coventya Installation de depot de zinc ou d'alliages de zinc
US7442286B2 (en) * 2004-02-26 2008-10-28 Atotech Deutschland Gmbh Articles with electroplated zinc-nickel ternary and higher alloys, electroplating baths, processes and systems for electroplating such alloys

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2384800A1 (fr) 2010-05-07 2011-11-09 Dr.Ing. Max Schlötter GmbH & Co. KG Régénération d'électrolytes nickel-zinc alcalins par la suppression de cyanidiones
EP2978877B1 (fr) 2013-03-28 2020-09-23 Coventya SAS Bain d'electroplacage pour des alliages zinc-fer, procede de depot d'alliage zinc-fer sur un dispositif et un tel dispositif
EP3358045A1 (fr) 2017-02-07 2018-08-08 Dr.Ing. Max Schlötter GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de dépôt par placage de revêtements en zinc et en alliage de zinc à partir d'un bain de revêtement alcalin à élimination réduite des additifs de bain organiques
WO2018146041A1 (fr) 2017-02-07 2018-08-16 Dr.-Ing. Max Schlötter Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé pour le dépôt électrolytique de revêtements de zinc et d'alliage de zinc à partir d'un bain de revêtement alcalin, avec dégradation réduite des additifs organiques du bain
RU2724765C1 (ru) * 2017-02-07 2020-06-25 Др.-Инж. Макс Шлёттер Гмбх Унд Ко. Кг Способ гальванического осаждения покрытий из цинка и цинкового сплава из щелочной ванны для нанесения покрытия с пониженным разложением органических добавок в ванне
US11339492B2 (en) 2017-02-07 2022-05-24 Dr.-Ing. Max Schlötter Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for electrodepositing zinc and zinc alloy coatings from an alkaline coating bath with reduced depletion of organic bath additives
EP3415665A1 (fr) 2017-06-14 2018-12-19 Dr.Ing. Max Schlötter GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de dépôt galvanique de revêtements d'alliage zinc/nicel à partir d'un bain d'alliage nickel/zinc à élimination réduite des additifs

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ES2574158T3 (es) 2016-06-15
US8293092B2 (en) 2012-10-23
JP2008539329A (ja) 2008-11-13
CN101146934A (zh) 2008-03-19
WO2006114305A1 (fr) 2006-11-02
DE502005007138D1 (de) 2009-06-04
CN104911676A (zh) 2015-09-16
BRPI0610765B1 (pt) 2017-04-04
ATE429528T1 (de) 2009-05-15
EP2050841A1 (fr) 2009-04-22
CN104911676B (zh) 2017-11-17
KR20070122454A (ko) 2007-12-31
EP2050841B1 (fr) 2016-05-11
BRPI0610765A2 (pt) 2010-07-20
EP1717353A1 (fr) 2006-11-02
CA2600273A1 (fr) 2006-11-02
CA2600273C (fr) 2014-08-12
JP4955657B2 (ja) 2012-06-20
KR101301275B1 (ko) 2013-08-29
ES2324169T3 (es) 2009-07-31
CN104911651A (zh) 2015-09-16
US20090107845A1 (en) 2009-04-30

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