ES2183710A1 - Proceso y catalizadores para la eliminacion de compuestos de azufre de la fraccion diesel. - Google Patents
Proceso y catalizadores para la eliminacion de compuestos de azufre de la fraccion diesel.Info
- Publication number
- ES2183710A1 ES2183710A1 ES200100960A ES200100960A ES2183710A1 ES 2183710 A1 ES2183710 A1 ES 2183710A1 ES 200100960 A ES200100960 A ES 200100960A ES 200100960 A ES200100960 A ES 200100960A ES 2183710 A1 ES2183710 A1 ES 2183710A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- sulfur compounds
- diesel fraction
- catalysts
- elimination
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 title abstract 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013335 mesoporous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/89—Silicates, aluminosilicates or borosilicates of titanium, zirconium or hafnium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0209—Impregnation involving a reaction between the support and a fluid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G27/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, by oxidation
- C10G27/04—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, by oxidation with oxygen or compounds generating oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/08—Silica
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/32—Reaction with silicon compounds, e.g. TEOS, siliconfluoride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/04—Diesel oil
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
Abstract
Proceso y catalizadores para la eliminación de compuestos de azufre de la fracción diesel. En la presente invención se describe un proceso para la eliminación de compuestos de azufre presentes en la fracción diesel, mediante su oxidación utilizando hidroperóxidos y un catalizador o mezclas de catalizadores, los cuales están basados en tamices moleculares conteniendo poros con anillos de 12 o más miembros, como por ejemplo zeolitas Beta, ITQ-7, UTD-1, Mordenita, y materiales mesoporosos como por ejemplo MCM-41 y otros amorfos, todos ellos conteniendo Ti en su composición.
Priority Applications (12)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200100960A ES2183710B1 (es) | 2001-04-12 | 2001-04-12 | Proceso y catalizadores para la eliminacion de compuestos de azufre de la fraccion diesel. |
| RU2003132876/04A RU2003132876A (ru) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Способ и катализаторы для удаления соединений серы из дизельной фракции |
| PL373895A PL199085B1 (pl) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Sposób usuwania związków siarki z frakcji oleju napędowego i służące do tego katalizatory |
| PCT/ES2002/000179 WO2002083819A1 (es) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Proceso y catalizadores para la eliminacion de compuestos de azufre de la fraccion diesel |
| CA002443891A CA2443891A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Method and catalysts for the elimination of sulfur compounds from the diesel fraction |
| MXPA03009251A MXPA03009251A (es) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Un procedimiento para eliminar azufre de la fraccion diesel. |
| EP02722297A EP1391497A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Method and catalysts for the elimination of sulfur compounds from the diesel fraction |
| CZ20033070A CZ20033070A3 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Method and catalysts for the elimination of sulfur compounds from the diesel fraction |
| JP2002582158A JP2004531605A (ja) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | ディーゼル留分から硫黄化合物を除去するための方法と触媒 |
| HR20030909A HRP20030909A2 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Method and catalysts for the elimination of sulphur compounds from the diesel fraction |
| MA27352A MA26313A1 (fr) | 2001-04-12 | 2003-10-10 | Procede et catalyseurs pour l'elimination des composants de souffre de la fraction diesel. |
| US10/683,557 US7371318B2 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2003-10-10 | Method and catalysts for the elimination of sulphur compounds from the diesel fraction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200100960A ES2183710B1 (es) | 2001-04-12 | 2001-04-12 | Proceso y catalizadores para la eliminacion de compuestos de azufre de la fraccion diesel. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2183710A1 true ES2183710A1 (es) | 2003-03-16 |
| ES2183710B1 ES2183710B1 (es) | 2004-01-16 |
Family
ID=8497542
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200100960A Expired - Fee Related ES2183710B1 (es) | 2001-04-12 | 2001-04-12 | Proceso y catalizadores para la eliminacion de compuestos de azufre de la fraccion diesel. |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7371318B2 (es) |
| EP (1) | EP1391497A1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP2004531605A (es) |
| CA (1) | CA2443891A1 (es) |
| CZ (1) | CZ20033070A3 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2183710B1 (es) |
| HR (1) | HRP20030909A2 (es) |
| MA (1) | MA26313A1 (es) |
| MX (1) | MXPA03009251A (es) |
| PL (1) | PL199085B1 (es) |
| RU (1) | RU2003132876A (es) |
| WO (1) | WO2002083819A1 (es) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2311408A1 (es) * | 2007-07-10 | 2009-02-01 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Procedimiento de eliminacion de azufre en combustibles liquidos. |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2192969B1 (es) * | 2001-11-30 | 2004-12-16 | Universidad Poletecnica De Valencia. | Proceso y catalizadores para la oxidacion selectiva de compuestos de azufre presentes en gasolina, queroseno y diesel. |
| ES2192967B1 (es) * | 2001-11-20 | 2004-09-16 | Universidad Politecnica De Valencia. | Proceso y catalizadores para la oxidacion de compuestos de azufre de las fracciones gasolina, queroseno y diesel. |
| WO2003044129A1 (es) * | 2001-11-20 | 2003-05-30 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Un procedimiento para la oxidacion de compuestos de azufre de las fracciones gasolina, kerosene y diesel |
| ES2200707B1 (es) * | 2002-08-07 | 2005-05-01 | Universidad Politecnica De Valencia | Proceso para la oxidacion de mercaptanos, compuestos tiofenicos y sus derivados, en las fracciones gasolina, queroseno y diesel. |
| WO2005012458A1 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2005-02-10 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Preparation of components for refinery blending of transportation fuels |
| EA011964B1 (ru) * | 2004-12-29 | 2009-06-30 | Бп Корпорейшн Норт Америка Инк. | Способ десульфирования дистиллятного сырья |
| CA2619318C (en) * | 2005-08-15 | 2011-11-01 | Arizona Chemical Company | Low sulfur tall oil fatty acid |
| US7744749B2 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2010-06-29 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Diesel oil desulfurization by oxidation and extraction |
| US8715489B2 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2014-05-06 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process for oxidative conversion of organosulfur compounds in liquid hydrocarbon mixtures |
| ES2345705T3 (es) | 2007-05-03 | 2016-11-28 | Auterra, Inc. | Producto que contiene monómero y polímeros de titanilos y métodos para prepararlos |
| US8298404B2 (en) | 2010-09-22 | 2012-10-30 | Auterra, Inc. | Reaction system and products therefrom |
| US9206359B2 (en) | 2008-03-26 | 2015-12-08 | Auterra, Inc. | Methods for upgrading of contaminated hydrocarbon streams |
| US8894843B2 (en) | 2008-03-26 | 2014-11-25 | Auterra, Inc. | Methods for upgrading of contaminated hydrocarbon streams |
| US8764973B2 (en) | 2008-03-26 | 2014-07-01 | Auterra, Inc. | Methods for upgrading of contaminated hydrocarbon streams |
| US9061273B2 (en) | 2008-03-26 | 2015-06-23 | Auterra, Inc. | Sulfoxidation catalysts and methods and systems of using same |
| WO2009120238A1 (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2009-10-01 | Applied Nanoworks, Inc. | Sulfoxidation catalysts and methods and systems of using same |
| US8241490B2 (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2012-08-14 | Auterra, Inc. | Methods for upgrading of contaminated hydrocarbon streams |
| US8197671B2 (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2012-06-12 | Auterra, Inc. | Methods for upgrading of contaminated hydrocarbon streams |
| MY169484A (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2019-04-15 | Reliance Industries Ltd | Attrition resistant catalyst system for manufacture of polyolefins |
| US9828557B2 (en) | 2010-09-22 | 2017-11-28 | Auterra, Inc. | Reaction system, methods and products therefrom |
| CN102826566A (zh) * | 2012-09-25 | 2012-12-19 | 宁夏兴平精细化工股份有限公司 | 一种用于硫醚氧化的介孔分子筛的合成方法 |
| US10246647B2 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2019-04-02 | Auterra, Inc. | Adsorbents and methods of use |
| US10450516B2 (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2019-10-22 | Auterra, Inc. | Catalytic caustic desulfonylation |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994029022A1 (es) * | 1993-06-15 | 1994-12-22 | Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas | Material de estructura tipo zeolita de poros ultragrandes con una red constituida por oxidos de silicio y titanio; su sintesis y utilizacion para la oxidacion selectiva de productos organicos |
| FR2730722A1 (fr) * | 1995-02-17 | 1996-08-23 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Zeolithe ti-beta a haute teneur en silice, son procede de preparation et son utilisation comme catalyseur d'oxydation |
| WO2000007710A2 (es) * | 1998-08-04 | 2000-02-17 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Procedimiento para la preparacion de silicatos mesoporosos conteniendo ti y compuestos organicos directamente unidos a atomos de la red, y su uso como catalizador |
| WO2000034181A1 (es) * | 1998-12-04 | 2000-06-15 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Materiales microporosos de alta superficie activos en reacciones de oxidacion |
| WO2000044670A1 (es) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-03 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Procedimiento para la preparacion de titanosilicatos mesoporosos tipo mcm-48, y su uso como catalizador en reacciones de oxidacion selectiva |
| WO2000047696A1 (en) * | 1999-02-15 | 2000-08-17 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Sulphur removal |
| WO2001037629A2 (es) * | 1999-11-24 | 2001-05-31 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Materiales microporosos de alta superficie activos en reacciones de oxidación. tiq-6 y metiq-6 |
| WO2001048119A1 (fr) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-07-05 | Elf Antar France | Procede de desulfuration des derives du thiophene contenus dans des carburants |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE625074A (es) * | 1961-11-24 | |||
| US3642833A (en) * | 1969-04-02 | 1972-02-15 | Shell Oil Co | Olefin epoxidation |
| US3923843A (en) * | 1972-03-13 | 1975-12-02 | Shell Oil Co | Epoxidation process with improved heterogeneous catalyst |
| US3816301A (en) * | 1972-06-30 | 1974-06-11 | Atlantic Richfield Co | Process for the desulfurization of hydrocarbons |
| US3919402A (en) * | 1973-08-06 | 1975-11-11 | Kvb Inc | Petroleum oil desulfurization process |
| IT1127311B (it) * | 1979-12-21 | 1986-05-21 | Anic Spa | Materiale sintetico,cristallino,poroso costituito da ossidi di silicio e titanio,metodo per la sua preparazione e suoi usi |
| US4830733A (en) * | 1987-10-05 | 1989-05-16 | Uop | Integrated process for the removal of sulfur compounds from fluid streams |
| AU678983B2 (en) | 1992-07-24 | 1997-06-19 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Catalysts and their use in oxidation of satured hydrocarbons |
| US5910440A (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1999-06-08 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Method for the removal of organic sulfur from carbonaceous materials |
| US6368495B1 (en) * | 1999-06-07 | 2002-04-09 | Uop Llc | Removal of sulfur-containing compounds from liquid hydrocarbon streams |
-
2001
- 2001-04-12 ES ES200100960A patent/ES2183710B1/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-04-11 PL PL373895A patent/PL199085B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-11 JP JP2002582158A patent/JP2004531605A/ja active Pending
- 2002-04-11 HR HR20030909A patent/HRP20030909A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-04-11 RU RU2003132876/04A patent/RU2003132876A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-04-11 EP EP02722297A patent/EP1391497A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-04-11 WO PCT/ES2002/000179 patent/WO2002083819A1/es not_active Ceased
- 2002-04-11 CA CA002443891A patent/CA2443891A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-04-11 MX MXPA03009251A patent/MXPA03009251A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2002-04-11 CZ CZ20033070A patent/CZ20033070A3/cs unknown
-
2003
- 2003-10-10 MA MA27352A patent/MA26313A1/fr unknown
- 2003-10-10 US US10/683,557 patent/US7371318B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994029022A1 (es) * | 1993-06-15 | 1994-12-22 | Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas | Material de estructura tipo zeolita de poros ultragrandes con una red constituida por oxidos de silicio y titanio; su sintesis y utilizacion para la oxidacion selectiva de productos organicos |
| FR2730722A1 (fr) * | 1995-02-17 | 1996-08-23 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Zeolithe ti-beta a haute teneur en silice, son procede de preparation et son utilisation comme catalyseur d'oxydation |
| WO2000007710A2 (es) * | 1998-08-04 | 2000-02-17 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Procedimiento para la preparacion de silicatos mesoporosos conteniendo ti y compuestos organicos directamente unidos a atomos de la red, y su uso como catalizador |
| WO2000034181A1 (es) * | 1998-12-04 | 2000-06-15 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Materiales microporosos de alta superficie activos en reacciones de oxidacion |
| WO2000044670A1 (es) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-03 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Procedimiento para la preparacion de titanosilicatos mesoporosos tipo mcm-48, y su uso como catalizador en reacciones de oxidacion selectiva |
| WO2000047696A1 (en) * | 1999-02-15 | 2000-08-17 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Sulphur removal |
| WO2001037629A2 (es) * | 1999-11-24 | 2001-05-31 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Materiales microporosos de alta superficie activos en reacciones de oxidación. tiq-6 y metiq-6 |
| WO2001048119A1 (fr) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-07-05 | Elf Antar France | Procede de desulfuration des derives du thiophene contenus dans des carburants |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| V. HUELA et al., "Mild Oxidation with H2O2 over Ti-Containing Molecular Sieves- A Very Efficient Method for Removing Aromatic Sulfur Compounds from Fuels", Journal of Catalysis, 10 Marzo 2001, Vol. 198, Nö 2, páginas 179-186. * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2311408A1 (es) * | 2007-07-10 | 2009-02-01 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Procedimiento de eliminacion de azufre en combustibles liquidos. |
| ES2311408B1 (es) * | 2007-07-10 | 2010-01-13 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Procedimiento de eliminacion de azufre en combustibles liquidos. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MXPA03009251A (es) | 2004-01-29 |
| RU2003132876A (ru) | 2005-05-10 |
| US7371318B2 (en) | 2008-05-13 |
| PL199085B1 (pl) | 2008-08-29 |
| MA26313A1 (fr) | 2004-10-01 |
| EP1391497A1 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
| CZ20033070A3 (en) | 2004-03-17 |
| CA2443891A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
| WO2002083819A1 (es) | 2002-10-24 |
| HRP20030909A2 (en) | 2004-08-31 |
| PL373895A1 (en) | 2005-09-19 |
| US20040140247A1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
| JP2004531605A (ja) | 2004-10-14 |
| ES2183710B1 (es) | 2004-01-16 |
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