ES2276017T3 - Instrumento quirurgico con un miembro extensible. - Google Patents
Instrumento quirurgico con un miembro extensible. Download PDFInfo
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- ES2276017T3 ES2276017T3 ES03255873T ES03255873T ES2276017T3 ES 2276017 T3 ES2276017 T3 ES 2276017T3 ES 03255873 T ES03255873 T ES 03255873T ES 03255873 T ES03255873 T ES 03255873T ES 2276017 T3 ES2276017 T3 ES 2276017T3
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- 239000012636 effector Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 27
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- 210000004936 left thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 210000004935 right thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002674 endoscopic surgery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036244 malformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002432 robotic surgery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001631457 Cannula Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001839 endoscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004877 mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/0682—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying U-shaped staples or clamps, e.g. without a forming anvil
- A61B17/0686—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying U-shaped staples or clamps, e.g. without a forming anvil having a forming anvil staying below the tissue during stapling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320016—Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/00353—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for minimally invasive surgery one mechanical instrument performing multiple functions, e.g. cutting and grasping
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Abstract
Una grapadora quirúrgica (78) para manipular tejido, comprendiendo dicha grapadora (78): a. un eje alargado (18) que tiene un extremo proximal y un extremo distal (19) que se extiende desde aquél, y un efector terminal alargado que tiene un extremo proximal fijado a dicho extremo distal (19) de dicho eje (18), y un eje geométrico longitudinal (27) que se extiende entre ellos; y b. comprendiendo dicho efector terminal unas primera y segunda mordazas que tienen caras opuestas, teniendo cada mordaza un lado trasero opuesto a dicha cara y una altura medida entre dicha cara y dicho lado trasero, siendo dichas mordazas amovibles una con respecto a otra desde una posición abierta, en la que las mordazas están separadas hasta una posición cerrada, en la que las mordazas están en íntima proximidad entre sí; Caracterizada porque c. al menos una de dichas mordazas tiene un miembro extensible sobre su lado trasero para incrementar selectivamente dicha altura de dicha al menos una mordaza.
Description
Instrumento quirúrgico con un miembro
extensible.
La presente invención tiene aplicación en el
campo de los instrumentos convencionales de cirugía abierta y
endoscópica así como aplicación en la cirugía robótica o de
accionamiento mecánico. La presente invención se refiere, en
general, a un miembro extensible para mantener rígida una mordaza de
un dispositivo quirúrgico y, más concretamente, a un cabezal de
yunque amovible hasta una posición para incrementar la altura de un
yunque de un cortador lineal endoscópico.
Dispositivos médicos para simultáneamente cortar
y grapar tejido de un paciente intervenido quirúrgicamente, a
menudo llamados cortadores lineales, son habitualmente utilizados
en cirugía endoscópica. En cirugía endoscópica, los cortadores
lineales son situados dentro del paciente a través de una cánula que
tiene un pequeño orificio. De cada cortador lineal genéricamente
tiene un efector terminal en forma de cartucho, para albergar y
expulsar grapas, y un yunque para conformar con la forma correcta
la grapa expulsada. Después de pasar a través de la cánula, el
cartucho y el yunque quedan sujetos alrededor del tejido que va a
cortarse y graparse para comprimir el tejido y contener el flujo
sanguíneo. El tejido ejerce una fuerza reactiva contra el cartucho
y el yunque del dispositivo. Ejemplos de cortadores lineales pueden
encontrarse en las Patentes estadounidenses 6,032,849 y 5,673,840;
la Patente estadounidense 5,673,840 constituye la base del preámbulo
de la reivindicación 1 adjunta a la presente memoria.
Un yunque de un cortador lineal tiene unas
depresiones situadas dentro de él. Cada depresión recibe las patas
de una grapa en forma de "C" propulsada hacia aquella y dobla
las patas de las grapas para constituir cierres en forma de
"B". Para mantener cada receptáculo situado en la posición
correcta y la distancia correcta respecto del cartucho, es
ventajoso reducir al mínimo la deflexión del yunque. La fuerza
ejercida contra el yunque procedente del tejido provoca el plegado
del yunque y del canal del efector terminal en un plano ortogonal a
la superficie del tejido. El plegado desplaza la porción de
conformación de las grapas del yunque desde la posición óptima para
alojar una grapa propulsada, y puede provocar malformación de las
grapas. La malformación tiene una mayor posibilidad de que se
produzca cuando el cartucho y el yunque del dispositivo se fabrican
con una longitud mayor.
El documento 5,769,848 divulga una balón situado
en el efector terminal para proporcionar protección a la membrana
mucosa utilizándola fuera del campo operativo -el instrumento está
diseñado para una esfinterectomía-.
Una técnica para crear un yunque más rígido es
incrementar la dimensión del yunque en el plano de plegado. Esta
dimensión es habitualmente designada como altura del yunque, e
incrementando la altura del yunque puede también aumentar el área
en sección transversal del yunque. Sin embargo, las ventajas de la
cirugía de endoscopia parten de crear unas pequeñas incisiones en
el paciente. Las pequeñas incisiones utilizan unas pequeñas cánulas,
siendo deseable la existencia de un área transversal pequeña
destinada al yunque para encajar las mordazas del dispositivo a
través de una pequeña cánula. Son deseables unas mordazas operativas
más largas, pero la longitud de las mordazas ha estado limitada por
la necesidad de mantener un área en sección transversal pequeña y
la eficacia en la formación de las grapas. La deflexión necesita
tener en cuenta no solo el diseño de los cortadores lineales
endoscópicos sino también de cualquier dispositivo endoscópico que
tenga un accesorio fijo que reciba una fuerza reactiva procedente
del tejido del trabajo que se está llevando a cabo.
Debido a los beneficios de una pequeña incisión
se ha hecho presente el deseo de utilizar un accesorio que tenga
una altura corta para facilitar la entrada a través de un pequeño
orificio y que se expanda hasta una altura mayor para que resulte
más rígido al ser utilizado dentro del cuerpo. La presente invención
proporciona un dispositivo quirúrgico que tiene un accesorio
funcional con un dispositivo amovible que puede elevarse para
incrementar la rigidez del accesorio, y que puede bajarse para
reducir la altura del accesorio para facilitar la inserción a través
de una cánula.
De acuerdo con la presente invención, se
proporciona una grapadora quirúrgica de acuerdo con lo definido en
la reivindicación 1 para la manipulación de tejido. El dispositivo
incluye un eje alargado que tiene un extremo proximal y un extremo
distal que se extiende desde aquél. Hay también un efector terminal
alargado que tiene un extremo proximal fijado al extremo distal del
tejido, un extremo distal que se extiende a partir de aquél. El
efector terminal tiene una primera y una segunda mordazas opuestas
que son amovibles una con respecto a otra desde una posición
abierta, en la cual las mordazas están separadas, hasta una posición
cerrada en la que las mordazas están en íntima proximidad entre sí.
Al menos una de las mordazas tiene un miembro extensible dispuesto
sobre ella preferentemente para incrementar selectivamente el tamaño
de la mordaza en una posición perpendicular al eje geométrico
longitudinal. Ello incrementa la rigidez del efector terminal.
Las características novedosas de la invención se
exponen de modo particular en las reivindicaciones adjuntas. La
invención misma, sin embargo, tanto por lo que respecta a los
detalles estructurales como a los procedimientos operativos, junto
con los objetos y ventajas adicionales de la misma, puede ser
comprendida de forma óptima con referencia a la descripción
subsecuente, tomada en conjunción con los dibujos que se acompañan
en los cuales:
La Figura 1 es una vista isométrica de un
cortador lineal endoscópico que tiene un miembro extensible de
acuerdo con una forma de realización de la invención.
La Figura 2 es una vista en despiece ordenado
isométrica del eje del cortador lineal de la Figura 1.
La Figura 3 es una vista en alzado lateral
fragmentaria de una ranura existente dentro del tubo mostrado en la
Figura 2.
La Figura 4 es una vista isométrica del yunque
representado en la Figura 2.
La Figura 5 es una vista en alzado lateral,
parcialmente en sección, del eje del cortador lineal de la Figura 1
que muestra el yunque cerrado contra el cartucho y el cabezal del
yunque bajado hacia el interior de la cavidad del yunque.
La Figura 6 es una vista en sección tomada a lo
largo de línea 6-6 de la Figura 5 que representa el
cabezal del yunque bajado hacia el interior de una cavidad del
yunque.
La Figura 7 es una vista en alzado lateral,
parcialmente en sección, del eje del cortador lineal de la Figura 1
que muestra el yunque cerrado contra el cartucho y el cabezal del
yunque levantado desde la cavidad del yunque.
La Figura 8 es una vista en sección tomada a lo
largo de la línea 8-8 de la Figura 7 que representa
el cabezal del yunque levantado de la cavidad del yunque.
La Figura 9 es una vista en alzado lateral,
parcialmente en sección, del eje del cortador lineal de la Figura
1, que muestra el yunque separado del cartucho y el cabezal del
yunque levantado de la cavidad del yunque.
La Figura 1 muestra un dispositivo quirúrgico 78
para manipular tejido. El dispositivo quirúrgico 78 tiene una
primera y una segunda mordazas, y una de las mordazas está equipada
con un miembro extensible de acuerdo con una forma de realización
de la invención. En la forma de realización mostrada en la Figura 1,
el miembro extensible es un cabezal 10 del yunque. El cabezal 10
del yunque se muestra sobre una de las mordazas, el yunque 22, que
está cerrada adyacente a la segunda mordaza, o cartucho 60. El
cartucho 60 contiene unas grapas 61 (Figura 2), las cuales pueden
ser propulsadas hacia el interior del tejido conformadas en una
configuración que una y retenga el tejido mediante unos
embolsamientos situados dentro del yunque 22. El yunque 22 y el
cartucho 60 están situados en un extremo distal 19 de un eje
alargado 18. El eje 18 de la forma de realización representada
comprende así mismo un tubo 64 que se extiende a lo largo de un eje
geométrico longitudinal 27 proximalmente hacia una manilla
rotatoria 73 y una empuñadura 76. La empuñadura 76 se fija en un
extremo proximal 23 del eje 18. El pulsador 42 del pulgar derecho y
el pulsador 44 del pulgar izquierdo se extienden desde el eje 18,
como un accionador del expansor, para ser trabados por un médico
para expandir el yunque 22 como se mostrará más adelante.
En la forma de realización representada en la
Figura 1, el dispositivo quirúrgico 78 es un cortador lineal
endoscópico. Un cortador lineal endoscópico apropiado para su
modificación con la adición del cabezal 10 del yunque podría ser
el descrito en la Patente estadounidense Número 5,597,107 concedida
a Bryan Knodel et al., el 28 de Enero de 1997. La empuñadura
76 puede ser la empuñadura del cortador lineal endoscópico descrito
en la Patente 5,597,107, y contiene unos accionadores para desplazar
porciones del eje 18. Un accionador 41 del cierre situado dentro de
la empuñadura 76 puede desplazar un tubo 64 para accionar el yunque
22 hasta posiciones que se acerquen y se alejen del cartucho 60. Un
accionador de disparo 47 situado dentro de la empuñadura 76 puede
utilizarse para propulsar unas grapas 61 dentro del tejido.
La Figura 2 muestra una vista isométrica en
despiece ordenado de un eje 18 del dispositivo quirúrgico 28. Un
cabezal 10 del yunque es un miembro sustancialmemte rígido utilizado
para mantener rígido el yunque 22. El cabezal 10 del yunque es un
dispositivo con forma aproximada de "U" que tiene una sección
horizontal 14 y dos secciones verticales 16. El cabezal 10 del
yunque tiene el interior de la forma en "U" abierta hacia el
yunque 22 y tres ranuras 12 del cabezal diagonales recortadas dentro
de cada sección vertical 16. La longitud de cada ranura 12 del
cabezal se extiende en un eje geométrico diagonal a longitudinal 27
(Figura 1) del eje 18. La porción distal de cada ranura 12 del
cabezal está más próxima a la sección cerrada de la "U" que la
porción proximal. Un promontorio 20 se alza sobre la sección
vertical 16 próximo a cada ranura 12 del cabezal, a lo largo del
borde material estrecho del lado abierto de la "U".
La cavidad 24 recibe el cabezal 10 del yunque
dentro del yunque 22. El tirante 32 tiene tres agujeros 36 para el
yunque para su alineación con las ranuras 12 del cabezal, y
proporcionan también un agujero 38 del tirante en un extremo
proximal. El accionador 34 del tirante se fija en un orificio 38 del
tirante utilizando, por ejemplo, un pasador, y se extiende en
dirección proximal a través del eje 38 hasta un agujero 46 para los
pulsadores de los pulgares en el extremo proximal del accionador 34
del tirante. El tirante 32 puede girar con respecto al accionador
34 del tirante alrededor de un agujero 38 del tirante para facilitar
el movimiento rotatorio del yunque 22.
El canal 48 conduce el yunque 22 con el cabezal
10 del yunque montado, el tirante 32 y el accionador 34 del
tirante. El canal 48 lleva también una cuchilla 65 y un accionador
en cuña 63. Unas ranuras curvilíneas 50 retienen unos tetones 52
del yunque para situar el yunque 22. Los tetones 52 del yunque
quedan libres para desplazarse a lo largo de la curva de las
ranuras curvilíneas 50. Dos ranuras 56 para los pulsadores de los
pulgares del canal en forma de "Z" están situadas cerca del
extremo proximal del canal 48, y en su extremo distal, el canal 48
tiene un área 58 de retención del cartucho.
El cartucho 60 monta en el área 58 de retención
del cartucho. El cartucho 60 suministra las grapas 61 y los
accionadores (no mostrados) de las grapas para grapar tejido
quirúrgicamente. La cuña de disparo 62 se desplaza a través de las
aberturas (no mostradas) situadas dentro del cartucho 60, forzando a
los accionadores de las grapas hacia la superficie de tejido y
forzando las grapas 61 hacia el interior del tejido.
El tubo 64 engloba el extremo proximal del canal
48, el accionador 34 del tirante y el extremo proximal del tirante
32. Una indentación 66 practicada dentro del tubo 64 cerca del
extremo distal del tubo 64 encaja en el surco 68 situado sobre el
yunque 22. Las ranuras 70 para los accionadores de los pulgares del
tubo están cerca del extremo proximal del tubo 64 y tienen una
configuración en forma aproximada de "L".
El pulsador 42 del pulgar derecho y el pulsador
44 del pulgar izquierdo están montados utilizando un vástago 74 y
una rosca macho (no mostrada) sobre un pulsador del pulgar que se
extiende hacia el interior de una rosca hembra situada dentro del
pulsador del pulgar opuesto. El vástago 74 puede alternativamente
situarse ya sea sobre el pulsador 42 del pulgar derecho o sobre el
pulsador 44 del pulgar izquierdo. El vástago 74 se representa sobre
el pulsador 42 del pulgar izquierdo en la Figura 2. El vástago 74
del pulsador 44 del pulgar izquierdo se extiende a través de las
ranuras 70 para los pulsadores de los pulgares del tubo, de las
ranuras 56 para los pulsadores de los pulgares del canal y el
agujero 46 de los pulsadores de los pulgares. Ambas ranuras 70
para los pulsadores de los pulgares del tubo y las ranuras 56 para
los pulsadores de los pulgares del canal encajan de manera
suficientemente holgada con el vástago 74 para posibilitar el
desplazamiento del vástago 74 a lo largo de la extensión de las
ranuras respectivas. El surco 72 de la manilla encaja con el tubo
64 en una manilla de ajuste 73 (Figura 1) de forma que la rotación
de la manilla de ajuste 73 hace girar el eje 18.
La Figura 3 representa un detalle adicional de
una de las ranuras 70 de los pulsadores de los pulgares. La
configuración en forma aproximada de "L" está invertida,
situándose las porciones horizontales 81 de la "L" más
próximas a la parte superior del tubo 64. Las porciones verticales
82 se extienden en perpendicular desde las partes proximales de las
porciones horizontales 81. Las porciones verticales 82 se muestran
limitadas por las paredes distales 84 y por las paredes proximales
83.
Un detalle adicional del yunque 22 se representa
en la Figura 4. Dos nervaduras 26 existentes dentro de la cavidad
24 encajan dentro de la porción abierta de la forma de "U"
invertida del cabezal 10 del yunque para situar el cabezal 10 del
yunque. Las ranuras 30 del yunque situadas en el yunque 22 se
alinean con las ranuras 12 del cabezal cuando el cabezal 12 del
yunque está dentro de la cavidad 24. Unos pasadores 40 del yunque
(Figura 2) se alinean con y se extienden a través de las ranuras 30
del yunque, con los agujeros 36 del yunque y con las ranuras 12 del
cabezal. Los pasadores 40 del yunque pueden presionar a través de
los agujeros 36 del yunque del tirante 32. Los pasadores 40 del
yunque tienen espacio libre para desplazarse proximal y distalmente
por dentro de las ranuras 30 del yunque. Los pasadores 30 del yunque
tienen también espacio libre para desplazarse a lo largo de la
extensión de la ranura 12 del cabezal diagonal.
La Figura 5 es una vista en alzado lateral,
parcialmente en sección del eje 18. En la Figura 5, la configuración
del eje 18 es la de la Figura 1 con el yunque 22 cerrado y el
cabezal 10 del yunque situado dentro de la cavidad 24. Sobre la
base de la cavidad 24, existen seis depresiones 28 para recibir los
promontorios 20 cuando se hace descender el cabezal 10 del yunque
hacia el interior de la cavidad 24. También puede apreciarse que el
accionador 34 del tirante, el pulsador 44 del pulgar izquierdo y el
pulsador 42 del pulgar derecho son desplazados distalmente por el
interior de las porciones horizontales 81. El accionador 34 del
tirante forzará el tirante 32 en sentido distal. El tirante 32
desplaza los pasadores 40 del yunque hacia delante, efectuando un
desplazamiento de leva contra la porción inferior de las ranuras 12
del cabezal para forzar el cabezal 10 del yunque hacia el interior
de la cavidad 24.
La Figura 5 muestra así mismo que el yunque 22
tiene una cara 21 del yunque opuesta a una cara 29 del cartucho
cuando el yunque 22 y el cartucho 60 están próximos. Adicionalmente,
el cabezal 10 del yunque posee un lado trasero 55 del cabezal del
yunque. Una dimensión 23, o altura, del montaje extensible del
yunque 22 y del cabezal 10 del yunque, puede medirse desde la cara
21 del yunque hasta el lado trasero 55 del cabezal del yunque en
una dirección perpendicular al eje geométrico longitudinal 21.
El canal 48 lleva un lateral trasero 57 del
canal opuesto a la cara 29 del cartucho. Una dimensión análoga a la
dimensión 23 podría medirse desde el lado trasero 55 del canal hasta
la cara 29 del cartucho.
La Figura 6 es una vista en sección transversal
del yunque 22 tomada a lo largo de la línea 6-6 de
la Figura 5. La Figura 6 representa el cabezal 10 del yunque
embutido dentro de la cavidad 24 del yunque 22. Con el cabezal 10
del yunque embutido dentro del yunque 22, el yunque 22 tiene un área
en sentido transversal y un primer momento de inercia más bajo que
una segunda área en sección transversal y un segundo momento de
inercia que puede alcanzarse extendiendo el cabezal 10 del yunque
desde la cavidad 24. La dimensión 23, o altura, del yunque 22 es
relativamente pequeña, y el yunque 22 tiene una primera rigidez más
baja que una segunda rigidez que puede alcanzarse expandiendo el
cabezal 10 del yunque desde la cavidad 24. Sin embargo, con el
cabezal 10 del yunque situado dentro de la cavidad 24 del yunque 22,
en la posición mostrada en la Figura 6, el yunque tiene un perfil
bajo fácilmente insertado a través de una pequeña abertura de, por
ejemplo, una cánula de trócar utilizada en cirugía endoscópica.
La Figura 7 es una vista en alzado lateral,
parcialmente en sección, del eje 18 con el yunque 22 cerrado en una
posición adyacente al cartucho 60, y el cabezal 10 del yunque
desplazado de la cavidad 24. Después de insertar el eje 18 a través
de un orificio, el médico puede levantar el cabezal 10 del yunque de
la cavidad 24 desplazando ya sea el pulsador 44 del pulgar
izquierdo o el pulsador 42 del pulgar derecho en sentido proximal a
lo largo de las porciones proximales 81 de las ranuras 70 de los
pulsadores de los pulgares del tubo, como se muestra en la Figura.
El pulsador 44 del pulgar izquierdo o el pulsador 42 del pulgar
derecho tracciona el accionador 34 del tirante en sentido proximal
y el accionador 34 del tirante a su vez desplaza el tirante 32 en
sentido proximal. Los pasadores 40 del yunque ejercen una fuerza
contra las ranuras 12 del cabezal para efectuar un desplazamiento
de leva del cabezal 10 del yunque separándose de la cavidad 24 en
una dirección perpendicular al eje geométrico longitudinal 17. El
cabezal 10 del yunque no puede desplazarse en sentido proximal a
causa de la pared proximal de la cavidad 24. Después de levantar el
cabezal 10 del yunque, el usuario puede desplazar ya sea el
pulsador 44 del pulgar izquierdo o el pulsador 42 del pulgar derecho
en una dirección lejos de las porciones horizontales 81 y a lo
largo de las porciones verticales 82, girando el accionador 34 del
tirante ligeramente con respecto al tirante 32. Las paredes distales
84 de las ranuras 70 de los pulsadores de los pulgares del tubo
inhiben el desplazamiento del pulsador 44 del pulgar izquierdo y el
pulsador 42 del pulgar derecho en dirección distal, bloqueando el
cabezal 10 del yunque en la posición expandida lejos de la cavidad
24.
La Figura 8 es una vista en sección transversal
del yunque 22 tomada a lo largo de la línea 8-8 de
la Figura 7. La Figura 8 muestra el cabezal 10 del yunque expandido
desde la cavidad 24 del yunque 22. Con el cabezal 10 del yunque
expandido desde el yunque 22, el yunque 22 tiene una segunda área en
sección transversal y un momento de inercia de la segunda área más
alto que el área de la primera sección transversal y el momento de
inercia de la primera área que existe cuando el cabezal 10 del
yunque es bajado hacia el interior de la cavidad 24. La dimensión
23, o altura, del yunque 22 se ha incrementado, y el yunque 22 tiene
una mayor rigidez que la primera rigidez existente cuando el
cabezal 10 del yunque es bajado hacia el interior de la cavidad 24.
El tamaño del yunque 22 se ha efectivamente incrementado en una
dirección perpendicular al eje geométrico longitudinal 27. El
yunque 22, que tenía un perfil bajo para su fácil inserción a través
de un pequeño orificio, ahora tiene un perfil más alto, más rígido
para su uso dentro de un cuerpo.
La Figura 9 muestra una vista en sección
dividida del eje 18 con el yunque 10 desplazado hasta una posición
abierta lejos del cartucho 60. El accionador 41 del cierre (Figura
1) de la empuñadura 76 desplaza el tubo 64 en sentido proximal para
abril el yunque 22 desplazando el yunque 22 rotatoriamente lejos del
cartucho 60. La tracción del tubo 64 en sentido proximal provoca
que la indentación 66 fuerce al yunque 22 en sentido proximal
traccionando sobre el surco 68. El yunque 22 gira hasta una posición
abierta cuando los tetones 52 del yunque se trasladan a través de
las ranuras curvilíneas 50. Las ranuras de los pulsadores de los
pulgares del tubo se desplazan con el tubo 64 proximalmente con
respecto a las ranuras 56 de los pulsadores de los pulgares del
canal. Las paredes distales 84 situadas sobre el tubo 64 fuerzan el
pulsador 42 del pulgar derecho y el pulsador 44 del pulgar
izquierdo en sentido proximal a las ranuras 56 de los pulsadores de
los pulgares del canal. El pulsador 42 del pulgar derecho y el
pulsador 44 del pulgar izquierdo arrastran el accionador 34 de la
articulación y la articulación 32 en sentido proximal, para que el
accionador 34 del tirante mantenga una fuerza sobre el cabezal 10
del yunque mediante los pasadores 40 del yunque y las ranuras 12 del
cabezal. La fuerza mantiene el cabezal 10 del yunque en posición
levantada respecto de la cavidad 24 del yunque 22 cuando el yunque
22 es desplazado desde la posición cerrada hasta una posición
abierta. El tirante 32 rota también con respecto al accionador del
tirante para posibilitar la rotación del yunque 22 cuando los
tetones 52 del yunque se desplazan a lo largo de las ranuras
curvilíneas 50.
El dispositivo quirúrgico abierto 78 puede ahora
agarrar el tejido que requiere seccionamiento transversal y
grapado. El accionador de disparo 47 (Figura 1) situado dentro de la
empuñadura 76 puede desplazar el accionador 63 de cuña distalmente
para forzar a la cuña de disparo 62 a través del cartucho 61 para
propulsar las grapas 61. Los receptáculos existentes en el yunque
22 conforman las grapas 61 para retener tejido para controlar el
sangrado. Una cuchilla 65 puede utilizarse para seccionar
transversalmente tejido.
Después del seccionamiento transversal y
grapado, el usuario puede retirar el dispositivo quirúrgico 78 del
cuerpo del paciente a través de un pequeño orificio. Para llevar a
cabo esta retirada, el usuario abre el dispositivo quirúrgico 78 y
lo desacopla de cualquier tejido existente. El usuario a
continuación invierta el procedimiento mostrado en las Figuras 5 a
9. El yunque 22 es primeramente cerrado desplazando el tubo 64 en
sentido distal. El desplazamiento distal del tubo 64 provoca que las
paredes proximales 83 de las ranuras 70 de los pulsadores de los
pulgares del tubo fuercen el pulsador 42 del pulgar derecho y el
pulsador 44 del pulgar izquierdo en sentido distal a través de las
ranuras 56 de los pulsadores del pulgar del canal. El pulsador 42
del pulgar derecho y el pulsador 44 del pulgar izquierdo se
desplazan hasta las secciones distales de las ranuras 56 de los
pulsadores de los pulgares del canal, cuando las porciones
verticales 82 de las ranuras 56 de los pulsadores de los pulgares
del canal queden disponibles de uso. El desplazamiento de ambos
pulsadores de los pulgares primero verticalmente a lo largo de las
porciones verticales 82, y a continuación horizontal y distalmente
a lo largo de las porciones horizontales 81 después de que los
pulsadores de los pulgares estén en la posición distal, hará
retornar a los pulsadores de los pulgares a la posición original
representada en la Figura 3 y descender el cabezal 10 del yunque
hacia el interior de la cavidad 24. EL yunque cerrado 22 con el
cabezal 10 del yunque retraído puede ahora ser retirado a través de
un orificio más pequeño de lo que sería posible con el yunque 22
expandido.
Se comprenderá que pueden sustituirse por
estructuras equivalentes las estructuras ilustradas y descritas en
la presente memoria y que la forma de realización descrita de la
invención no es la única estructura que puede emplearse para llevar
a cabo la invención reivindicada. Como un ejemplo de estructura
equivalente que puede utilizarse para instrumentar la presente
invención, el cortador lineal endoscópico puede ser un accesorio
quirúrgico como por ejemplo un medio prensor, unas tijeras, u otros
instrumentos quirúrgicos endoscópicos. El cabezal 10 del yunque
puede ser una placa que se desplace lateralmente a lo largo de un
efector terminal de un instrumento quirúrgico en lugar de embutirse
dentro de una cavidad del efector terminal.
Aunque en la presente memoria se han descrito
formas de realización preferentes de la presente invención, debe
resultar obvio para los expertos en la materia que dichas formas de
realización se ofrecen únicamente a modo de ejemplo. Por ejemplo,
como resultaría evidente para los expertos en la materia, las
divulgaciones efectuadas en la presente memoria tienen idéntica
aplicación en cirugía robótica o por accionamiento mecánico. Así
mismo, debe entenderse que todas las estructuras descritas
anteriormente tienen una función y que dichas estructuras pueden
ser designadas como medios para llevar a cabo esa función. Los
expertos en la materia, después de lo expuesto, tendrán presentes
numerosas variantes, cambios y sustituciones de la técnica sin
apartarse de la invención. En consecuencia, se pretende que la
invención quede limitada únicamente por el ámbito de las
reivindicaciones adjuntas.
Claims (7)
1. Una grapadora quirúrgica (78) para manipular
tejido, comprendiendo dicha grapadora (78):
- a.
- un eje alargado (18) que tiene un extremo proximal y un extremo distal (19) que se extiende desde aquél, y un efector terminal alargado que tiene un extremo proximal fijado a dicho extremo distal (19) de dicho eje (18), y un eje geométrico longitudinal (27) que se extiende entre ellos; y
- b.
- comprendiendo dicho efector terminal unas primera y segunda mordazas que tienen caras opuestas, teniendo cada mordaza un lado trasero opuesto a dicha cara y una altura medida entre dicha cara y dicho lado trasero, siendo dichas mordazas amovibles una con respecto a otra desde una posición abierta, en la que las mordazas están separadas hasta una posición cerrada, en la que las mordazas están en íntima proximidad entre sí;
Caracterizada porque
- c.
- al menos una de dichas mordazas tiene un miembro extensible sobre su lado trasero para incrementar selectivamente dicha altura de dicha al menos una mordaza.
2. La grapadora quirúrgica (78) de acuerdo con
la reivindicación 1, en la que dicho miembro extensible está
dimensionado de forma que cuando se expande incrementa el momento de
inercia de una sección transversal de al menos dicha mordaza.
3. La grapadora quirúrgica (78) de las
reivindicaciones 1 ó 2, en la que dicho dispositivo incluye así
mismo un accionador extensor para extender selectivamente dicho
miembro extensible, siendo dicho accionador proximal a dicho
efector terminal.
4. La grapadora quirúrgica (78) de una
cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, en la que dicho
miembro extensible es rígido.
5. La grapadora quirúrgica (78) de una
cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, siendo dicho
miembro extensible para incrementar selectivamente el tamaño de
dicha al menos una mordaza en una dirección perpendicular a dicho
eje geométrico longitudinal.
6. La grapadora quirúrgica (78) de una
cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, incluyendo así
mismo una empuñadura (76) fijada a dicho extremo proximal de dicho
eje (18).
7. La grapadora quirúrgica (78) de la
reivindicación 6, en la que dicha empuñadura (76) incluye un
accionador de cierre para desplazar dichas mordazas hasta dicha
posición cerrada.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US247916 | 2002-09-20 | ||
| US10/247,897 US20040059362A1 (en) | 2002-09-20 | 2002-09-20 | Method of performing surgery using surgical device with expandable member |
| US10/247,916 US7001408B2 (en) | 2002-09-20 | 2002-09-20 | Surgical device with expandable member |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2276017T3 true ES2276017T3 (es) | 2007-06-16 |
Family
ID=42237444
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES03255887T Expired - Lifetime ES2279067T3 (es) | 2002-09-20 | 2003-09-19 | Dispositivo quirurgico con un miembro extensible. |
| ES03255873T Expired - Lifetime ES2276017T3 (es) | 2002-09-20 | 2003-09-19 | Instrumento quirurgico con un miembro extensible. |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES03255887T Expired - Lifetime ES2279067T3 (es) | 2002-09-20 | 2003-09-19 | Dispositivo quirurgico con un miembro extensible. |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US7001408B2 (es) |
| EP (2) | EP1400206B1 (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE343967T1 (es) |
| DE (2) | DE60309401T2 (es) |
| ES (2) | ES2279067T3 (es) |
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- 2003-09-19 EP EP03255887A patent/EP1400207B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-19 DE DE60311043T patent/DE60311043T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-19 AT AT03255873T patent/ATE343967T1/de active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2279067T3 (es) | 2007-08-16 |
| DE60309401T2 (de) | 2007-10-31 |
| US20040059374A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
| ATE343967T1 (de) | 2006-11-15 |
| DE60311043T2 (de) | 2007-06-21 |
| EP1400206A1 (en) | 2004-03-24 |
| DE60309401D1 (de) | 2006-12-14 |
| US7001408B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 |
| US20040059362A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
| EP1400207A1 (en) | 2004-03-24 |
| EP1400206B1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
| EP1400207B1 (en) | 2007-01-10 |
| DE60311043D1 (de) | 2007-02-22 |
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