ES2293875T3 - Aerosol bucal no polar. - Google Patents
Aerosol bucal no polar. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2293875T3 ES2293875T3 ES00109347T ES00109347T ES2293875T3 ES 2293875 T3 ES2293875 T3 ES 2293875T3 ES 00109347 T ES00109347 T ES 00109347T ES 00109347 T ES00109347 T ES 00109347T ES 2293875 T3 ES2293875 T3 ES 2293875T3
- Authority
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- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- active compound
- propellant
- group
- composition according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012454 non-polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Composición de pulverización en aerosol bucal para la administración transmucosa de un compuesto farmacológicamente activo, en la que dicho compuesto activo es soluble en un disolvente no polar farmacológicamente aceptable, comprendiendo dicha composición en % en peso de la composición total: un 5-80% de propelente farmacéuticamente aceptable seleccionado del grupo que consiste en un hidrocarburo C3-8 de configuración lineal o ramificada, un 20-85% de disolvente no polar, un 0, 05-50% de compuesto activo, en la que el compuesto activo se selecciona del grupo que consiste en péptidos, sulfonilureas, antibióticos, antifúngicos, antivirales, antieméticos, antagonistas del receptor H-2 de histamina, inductores del sueño, barbitúricos, prostaglandinas, terbutalina, y teofilina biológicamente activos, en la que el disolvente se selecciona del grupo que consiste en ésteres (C2-C6) de ácidos grasos (C2-C24), hidrocarburos C7-C18 de configuración lineal o ramificada, y ésteres de alcanoílo C2-C6, ytriglicéridos de los ácidos correspondientes, siempre que dicha composición no comprenda en % en peso de la composición total: un 50-80% de propelente, un 20-50% de disolvente no polar, un 0, 05-15% de benzodiazepinas.
Description
Aerosol bucal no polar.
Se sabe que ciertos compuestos biológicamente
activos se absorben mejor a través de la mucosa bucal que a través
de otras vías de administración, tal como a través del estómago o
intestino. Sin embargo, las formulaciones adecuadas para tal
administración mediante estas últimas vías presentan sus propios
problemas. Por ejemplo, el compuesto biológicamente activo debe ser
compatible con los otros componentes de la composición tales como
propelentes, disolventes, etc. Se han propuesto muchas de tales
formulaciones. Por ejemplo, el documento U.S.P. 4.689.233, Dvorsky
et al., describe una cápsula de gelatina blanda para la
administración del fármaco antitrombótico nifedipino disuelto en
una mezcla de polieteralcoholes. El documento U.S.P. 4.755.389,
Jones et al., describe una cápsula masticable de gelatina
dura que contiene nifedipino. Se describe una cápsula de gelatina
masticable que contiene una disolución o dispersión de un fármaco en
el documento U.S.P. 4.935.243, Borkan et al. Los documentos
U.S.P. 4.919.919, Aouda et al. y U.S.P. 5.370.862,
Klokkers-Bethke describen una pulverización de
nitroglicerina para la administración a la mucosa bucal que
comprende nitroglicerina, etanol y otros componentes. Una
pulverización de bomba administrada por vía oral se describe por
Cholcha en el documento U.S.P. 5.186.925. Se describen
composiciones de aerosol que contienen un propelente de hidrocarburo
y un fármaco para la administración a una superficie mucosa en los
documentos U.K. 2.082.457, Su, U.S.P. 3.155.574, Silson et
al., U.S.P. 5.011.678, Wang et al. y por Parnell en el
documento U.S.P. 5.128.132. Debe observarse que estas referencias
estudian la biodisponibilidad de disoluciones mediante inhalación en
vez de a través de las membranas a las que se administran.
Se ha desarrollado ahora una pulverización en
aerosol bucal usando un disolvente no polar que proporciona
compuestos biológicamente activos para la absorción rápida a través
de la mucosa bucal, dando como resultado el comienzo rápido del
efecto.
Las composiciones de pulverización en aerosol
bucales de la presente invención, para la administración transmucosa
de un compuesto farmacológicamente activo soluble en un disolvente
no polar farmacológicamente aceptable comprenden en % en peso de la
composición total: un 5-80% de propelente
farmacéuticamente aceptable, un 20-85% de disolvente
no polar, un 0,05-50% de compuesto activo, que
comprende adicionalmente de manera adecuada, en peso de la
composición total, un 0,01-10% de agente
aromatizante. Preferiblemente la composición comprende: un
10-80% de propelente, un 25-85% de
disolvente no polar, un 0,05-40% de compuesto
activo, un 1-8% de agente aromatizante; de la
manera más adecuada un 20-70% de propelente, un
30-74,75% de disolvente no polar, un
0,25-35% de compuesto activo, un
2-7,5% de agente aromatizante.
Un objeto de la invención es recubrir las
membranas mucosas con gotas extremadamente finas de pulverización
que contiene los compuestos activos.
También es un objeto de la invención administrar
a un mamífero que lo necesite, preferiblemente un ser humano, una
cantidad predeterminada de un compuesto biológicamente activo
mediante este método.
Se pretende que las composiciones de
pulverización no polar se administren a partir de un recipiente
sellado de pulverización en aerosol que contiene una composición de
la formulación de pulverización no polar y una válvula dosificada
adecuada para liberar a partir de dicho recipiente una cantidad
predeterminada de dicha composición.
A medida que se evapora el propelente tras la
activación de la válvula de aerosol se forma una niebla de gotas
finas que contiene disolvente y compuesto activo.
El propelente es un material distinto de Freon,
un hidrocarburo C_{3-8} de configuración lineal o
ramificada. El propelente debe ser sustancialmente no acuoso. El
propelente produce una presión en el recipiente del aerosol de modo
que en un uso normal esperado producirá suficiente presión para
expulsar el disolvente del recipiente cuando la válvula se activa,
pero no una presión excesiva tal como para dañar los cierres de
válvula o el recipiente.
El disolvente no polar es un hidrocarburo no
polar, ésteres C_{2}-C_{6} de ácidos grasos
(C_{2}-C_{24}), hidrocarburos
C_{7}-C_{18}, ésteres de alcanoílo
C_{2}-C_{6}, y los triglicéridos de los ácidos
correspondientes, preferiblemente un hidrocarburo
C_{7-18} de una configuración lineal o ramificada,
ésteres de ácidos grasos, y triglicéridos, tales como miglyol. El
disolvente debe disolver el compuesto activo y ser miscible con el
propelente, es decir, el disolvente y el propelente deben formar una
única fase a 0-40ºC en un intervalo de presión de
1-3 atm.
Se pretende que las composiciones de
pulverización en aerosol no polar de la invención se administren a
partir de un recipiente presurizado, sellado. A diferencia de una
pulverización de bomba, que permite la entrada de aire dentro del
recipiente tras cada activación, el recipiente de aerosol de la
invención se sella en el momento de la fabricación. El contenido
del recipiente se libera mediante la activación de una válvula
dosificada, que no permitirá la entrada de gases atmosféricos con
cada activación. Tales recipientes están disponibles
comercialmente.
El compuesto activo puede incluir péptidos,
sulfonilureas, antibióticos, antifúngicos, antivirales, inductores
del sueño, antieméticos, antagonistas del receptor
H-2 de histamina, barbitúricos, prostaglandinas;
terbutalina, y teofilina biológicamente activos, siempre que la
composición de la invención no comprenda en % en peso de la
composición total un 50-80% de propelente, un
20-50% de disolvente no polar, un
0,05-15% de benzodiazepinas.
La figura es un diagrama esquemático que muestra
vías de absorción y procesamiento de sustancias farmacológicamente
activas en un sistema de mamífero.
Los compuestos activos preferidos de la presente
invención están en forma de sal anionizada o como la base libre de
las sales farmacéuticamente aceptables de las mismas (siempre que
sean solubles en el disolvente de pulverización). Estos compuestos
son solubles en los disolventes no polares de la invención a
concentraciones útiles. Estas concentraciones pueden ser inferiores
a la dosis aceptada convencional para estos compuestos ya que
existe una mejora de la absorción de los compuestos a través de la
mucosa bucal. Este aspecto de la invención es especialmente
importante cuando existe un gran efecto de primer paso
(40-99,99%).
Como propelente para las pulverizaciones no
polares pueden usarse propano, n-butano,
iso-butano, n-pentano,
iso-pentano y neopentano, y mezclas de los mismos.
El n-butano e iso-butano, como gases
únicos, son los propelentes preferidos. Es permisible que el
propelente tenga un contenido en agua no superior al 0,2%,
normalmente del 0,1-0,2%. (Todos los porcentajes en
el presente documento son en peso a menos que se indique lo
contrario). También se prefiere que el propelente se produzca
sintéticamente para minimizar la presencia de contaminantes que son
perjudiciales para los compuestos activos. Estos contaminantes
incluyen agentes oxidantes, agentes reductores, ácidos o bases de
Lewis y agua. La concentración de cada uno de éstos debe ser
inferior al 0,1%, excepto la de agua puede ser de hasta el
0,2%.
Los disolventes no polares para las
pulverizaciones no polares se seleccionan del grupo que consiste en
ésteres C_{2}-C_{6} de ácidos grasos
(C_{2}-C_{24}), hidrocarburo
C_{7}-C_{18}, ésteres de alcanoílo
C_{2}-C_{6}, y los triglicéridos de los ácidos
correspondientes.
Los agentes aromatizantes preferidos son esencia
de menta, esencia de menta verde, esencia de cítricos, aromas
frutales, edulcorantes (azúcares, aspartamo, sacarina, etc.)
naturales o sintéticos y combinaciones de los mismos.
Los principios activos incluyen los compuestos
activos seleccionados del grupo que consiste en ciclosporina,
sermorelina, acetato de octreotida, calcitonina de salmón, insulina
lispro, gliburida, zidovudina, eritromicina, ciprofloxacina,
clorhidrato de ondansetrón, dimenhidrinato, clorhidrato de
cimetidina, famotidina, fenitoína de sodio, fenitoína, carboprost
trometamina, carboprost, clorhidrato de difenhidramina, sulfato de
terbutalina, terbutalina, teofilina y similares.
Las formulaciones de la presente invención
comprenden un compuesto activo o una sal farmacéuticamente aceptable
del mismo. El término "sales farmacéuticamente aceptables" se
refiere a sales preparadas a partir de ácidos o bases no tóxicos
farmacéuticamente aceptables que incluyen ácidos o bases orgánicos e
inorgánicos.
Cuando un compuesto activo de la presente
invención es ácido, pueden preparase sales a partir de bases no
tóxicas farmacéuticamente aceptables. Las sales derivadas de todas
las formas estables de bases inorgánicas incluyen aluminio, amonio,
calcio, cobre, hierro, litio, magnesio, manganeso, potasio, sodio,
cinc, etc. Se prefieren particularmente las sales de amonio,
calcio, magnesio, potasio y sodio. Las sales derivadas de bases no
tóxicas farmacéuticamente aceptables orgánicas incluyen sales de
aminas primarias, secundarias y terciarias, aminas sustituidas,
incluyendo aminas sustituidas que se producen de manera natural,
aminas cíclicas y resinas básicas de intercambio iónico tales como
arginina, betaína, cafeína, colina,
N,N'-dibenciletilendiamina, dietilamina,
2-dietilaminoetanol,
2-dimetilaminoetanol, etanolamina, etilendiamina,
N-etilmorfolina, N-etilpiperidina,
glucamina, glucosamina, histidina, isopropilamina, lisina,
metilglucosamina, morfolina, piperazina, piperidina, resinas de
poliamina, procaína, purina, teobromina, trietilamina,
trimetilamina, tripropilamina, etc.
Cuando el compuesto activo de la presente
invención es básico, pueden preparase sales a partir de ácidos no
tóxicos farmacéuticamente aceptables. Tales ácidos incluyen acético,
bencenosulfónico, benzoico, alcanforsulfónico, cítrico,
etanosulfónico, fumárico, glucónico, glutámico, bromhídrico,
clorhídrico, isetionico, láctico, maleico, mandélico,
metanosulfónico, múcico, nítrico, pamoico, pantoténico, fosfórico,
succínico, sulfúrico, tartárico,
p-toluenosulfónico, etc. Se prefieren
particularmente ácido cítrico, bromhídrico, maleico, fosfórico,
sulfúrico y tartárico.
En el estudio de los métodos de tratamiento en
el presente documento, se pretende que la referencia a los
compuestos activos también incluya las sales farmacéuticamente
aceptables de los mismos. Aunque se exponen en el presente
documento ciertas formulaciones, las cantidades reales que van a
administrarse al mamífero o ser humano que lo necesita han de
determinarse por el médico que los trata.
La invención se define adicionalmente mediante
referencia a los siguientes ejemplos, que se pretende que sean
ilustrativos y no limitativos.
\vskip1.000000\baselineskip
Claims (8)
1. Composición de pulverización en aerosol bucal
para la administración transmucosa de un compuesto
farmacológicamente activo,
en la que dicho compuesto activo es soluble en
un disolvente no polar farmacológicamente aceptable, comprendiendo
dicha composición en % en peso de la composición total:
un 5-80% de propelente
farmacéuticamente aceptable seleccionado del grupo que consiste en
un hidrocarburo C_{3-8} de configuración lineal o
ramificada, un 20-85% de disolvente no polar, un
0,05-50% de compuesto activo,
en la que el compuesto activo se selecciona del
grupo que consiste en péptidos, sulfonilureas, antibióticos,
antifúngicos, antivirales, antieméticos, antagonistas del receptor
H-2 de histamina, inductores del sueño,
barbitúricos, prostaglandinas, terbutalina, y teofilina
biológicamente activos,
en la que el disolvente se selecciona del grupo
que consiste en ésteres (C_{2}-C_{6}) de ácidos
grasos (C_{2}-C_{24}), hidrocarburos
C_{7}-C_{18} de configuración lineal o
ramificada, y ésteres de alcanoílo C_{2}-C_{6},
y triglicéridos de los ácidos correspondientes,
siempre que
dicha composición no comprenda en % en peso de
la composición total:
un 50-80% de propelente, un
20-50% de disolvente no polar, un
0,05-15% de benzodiazepinas.
2. Composición según la reivindicación 1, que
comprende adicionalmente, en peso de la composición total: un
0,1-10% de agente aromatizante.
3. Composición según la reivindicación 1, en la
que el compuesto activo se selecciona del grupo que consiste en
ciclosporina, clozapina, zidovudina, eritromicina, ondansetrón,
cimetidina, fenitoína y carboprost, en su forma no ionizada o como
las sales farmacéuticamente aceptables de los mismos.
4. Composición según la reivindicación 2, en la
que los agentes aromatizantes se seleccionan del grupo que consiste
en esencia de menta, esencia de menta verde, esencia de cítricos,
aromas frutales, edulcorantes naturales o sintéticos y
combinaciones de los mismos.
5. Composición según la reivindicación 1, que
comprende: un 20-70% de propelente, un
30-74,75% de disolvente no polar, un
0,25-35% de compuesto activo, un
2-7,5% de agente aromatizante.
6. Composición según la reivindicación 1, en la
que el propelente es propano, n-butano,
iso-butano, n-pentano,
iso-pentano o neopentano, y mezclas de los
mismos.
7. Composición según la reivindicación 1, en la
que el propelente es n-butano o
iso-butano y tiene un contenido en agua no superior
al 0,2% y un contenido en agentes oxidantes, agentes reductores y
ácidos o bases de Lewis en una concentración inferior al 0,1%.
8. Composición según la reivindicación 1, en la
que el disolvente comprende un triglicérido.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1997/017899 WO1999016417A1 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 1997-10-01 | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray or capsule |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2293875T3 true ES2293875T3 (es) | 2008-04-01 |
Family
ID=22261809
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES00109347T Expired - Lifetime ES2293875T3 (es) | 1997-10-01 | 1997-10-01 | Aerosol bucal no polar. |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (5) | US6676931B2 (es) |
| EP (5) | EP1029536B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP2001517689A (es) |
| AU (1) | AU4894697A (es) |
| CA (1) | CA2306024C (es) |
| DE (1) | DE69738333T2 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2293875T3 (es) |
| WO (1) | WO1999016417A1 (es) |
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| US20030190286A1 (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 2003-10-09 | Dugger Harry A. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray or capsule containing drugs for treating allergies or asthma |
| US20030077229A1 (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 2003-04-24 | Dugger Harry A. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray or capsule containing cardiovascular or renal drugs |
| US20040136914A1 (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 2004-07-15 | Dugger Harry A. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray containing ondansetron |
| US20030077228A1 (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 2003-04-24 | Dugger Harry A. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray or capsule containing drugs for treating endocrine disorders |
| US6212227B1 (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 2001-04-03 | Conexant Systems, Inc. | Constant envelope modulation for splitterless DSL transmission |
| CZ20011581A3 (cs) | 1998-11-12 | 2001-12-12 | Frank G. Pilkiewicz | Systém pro podávání bioaktivní sloučeniny inhalací |
| US6375975B1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2002-04-23 | Generex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated | Pharmaceutical compositions for buccal and pulmonary application |
| GB9908921D0 (en) | 1999-04-19 | 1999-06-16 | Britannia Pharmaceuticals Ltd | Spray dispenser for opiod antagonists |
| CO5271697A1 (es) * | 2000-01-12 | 2003-04-30 | Pfizer Prod Inc | Composiciones y procedimientos para el tratamiento de afecciones que responden a un aumento de testosterona |
| CN1258359C (zh) * | 2000-03-09 | 2006-06-07 | Gw药品有限公司 | 药物组合物 |
| EP1267941B1 (en) * | 2000-03-28 | 2005-11-23 | Farmarc Nederland B.V. | Alprazolam inclusion complexes and pharmaceutical compositions thereof |
| WO2002043750A2 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-06-06 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Method for the stabilizing of biomolecules (e.g. insulin) in liquid formulations |
| WO2002094232A1 (en) | 2001-05-24 | 2002-11-28 | Alexza Molecular Delivery Corporation | Delivery of antidepressants through an inhalation route |
| US6981591B2 (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2006-01-03 | Umbra Inc. | Case with elastic-secured end cap |
| US7256454B2 (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2007-08-14 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc | Electronic device including discontinuous storage elements and a process for forming the same |
-
1997
- 1997-10-01 AU AU48946/97A patent/AU4894697A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-10-01 EP EP00109347A patent/EP1029536B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-01 JP JP2000513555A patent/JP2001517689A/ja active Pending
- 1997-10-01 EP EP07023005A patent/EP1952802A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-10-01 EP EP97911621A patent/EP1019019A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-10-01 ES ES00109347T patent/ES2293875T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-01 EP EP20080020267 patent/EP2042161A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-10-01 DE DE69738333T patent/DE69738333T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-01 EP EP00109357A patent/EP1036561A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-10-01 WO PCT/US1997/017899 patent/WO1999016417A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-10-01 CA CA2306024A patent/CA2306024C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-03-18 US US10/100,156 patent/US6676931B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-24 US US10/327,195 patent/US6998110B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-09-17 US US10/663,817 patent/US20040062716A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-08-26 US US11/211,549 patent/US20050281753A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2009
- 2009-01-08 US US12/350,898 patent/US20090118170A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU4894697A (en) | 1999-04-23 |
| DE69738333D1 (de) | 2008-01-10 |
| EP2042161A1 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
| US20090118170A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
| CA2306024C (en) | 2011-04-26 |
| JP2001517689A (ja) | 2001-10-09 |
| EP1036561A1 (en) | 2000-09-20 |
| EP1019019A1 (en) | 2000-07-19 |
| US20030211047A1 (en) | 2003-11-13 |
| EP1952802A2 (en) | 2008-08-06 |
| WO1999016417A1 (en) | 1999-04-08 |
| US20050281753A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
| EP1952802A3 (en) | 2009-06-17 |
| US20040062716A1 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
| DE69738333T2 (de) | 2008-11-27 |
| CA2306024A1 (en) | 1999-04-08 |
| EP1029536A1 (en) | 2000-08-23 |
| EP1029536B1 (en) | 2007-11-28 |
| US6998110B2 (en) | 2006-02-14 |
| US6676931B2 (en) | 2004-01-13 |
| US20030039680A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
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