ES2611211T3 - Sistema y método de activación para instrumentos quirúrgicos motorizados - Google Patents
Sistema y método de activación para instrumentos quirúrgicos motorizados Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B2017/00017—Electrical control of surgical instruments
- A61B2017/00137—Details of operation mode
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B2017/00367—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like
- A61B2017/00398—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like using powered actuators, e.g. stepper motors, solenoids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B2017/0046—Surgical instruments, devices or methods with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B2017/0046—Surgical instruments, devices or methods with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable
- A61B2017/00473—Distal part, e.g. tip or head
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B2017/00477—Coupling
- A61B2017/00482—Coupling with a code
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B2017/00681—Aspects not otherwise provided for
- A61B2017/00734—Aspects not otherwise provided for battery operated
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
- A61B2018/1226—Generators therefor powered by a battery
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/0807—Indication means
- A61B2090/0808—Indication means for indicating correct assembly of components, e.g. of the surgical apparatus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/90—Identification means for patients or instruments, e.g. tags
- A61B90/98—Identification means for patients or instruments, e.g. tags using electromagnetic means, e.g. transponders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
- G06F1/32—Means for saving power
- G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
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- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Un sistema quirúrgico electromecánico, que comprende: un efector terminal (16) configurado para realizar, al menos, una función; un conjunto adaptador (14), que está dispuesto para interconectar selectivamente el efector terminal y un instrumento quirúrgico (10) de mano; una interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar (36) que se extiende a través del efector terminal, el conjunto adaptador y el instrumento quirúrgico de mano; y el instrumento quirúrgico de mano, que incluye una carcasa de instrumento (17, 18, 19) que define una parte de conexión (11) para conectarse (22) selectivamente con el conjunto adaptador; un circuito maestro (34) acoplado a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar y configurado para identificar o controlar el conjunto adaptador o el efector terminal; una fuente de energía (44) acoplada a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar y configurada para proporcionar energía al conjunto adaptador o al efector terminal; un primer conmutador (38) configurado para conectar el circuito maestro a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar; un segundo conmutador (42) configurado para conectar la fuente de energía a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar; y un controlador (30), que incluye un procesador (32) configurado para controlar el funcionamiento del instrumento quirúrgico de mano, teniendo el controlador un pin de activación (48) conectado a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar, estando el pin de activación configurado para recibir un pulso de presencia procedente del efector terminal o del adaptador.
Description
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DESCRIPCION
Sistema y metodo de activacion para instrumentos quirurgicos motorizados
Antecedentes
Campo tecnico
La presente invencion se refiere a instrumentos, dispositivos y/o sistemas quirurgicos para realizar procedimientos y metodos quirurgicos mlnimamente invasivos de uso de los mismos. Mas especlficamente, la presente invencion se refiere a sistemas y metodos para hacer pasar un instrumento quirurgico motorizado de un estado inactivo a un estado activo.
Description de la tecnica relacionada
Varios fabricantes de instrumentos quirurgicos han desarrollado llneas de productos con sistemas de accionamiento propietarios para accionar y/o manipular instrumentos quirurgicos electromecanicos. Algunos instrumentos quirurgicos electromecanicos incluyen un conjunto de mango, que es reutilizable, y unidades de carga reemplazables y/o unidades de carga de un solo uso, o similares, que se conectan selectivamente al conjunto de mango antes del uso y se desconectan posteriormente del conjunto de mango, a continuation de su uso, a fin de ser desechadas o, en algunos casos, esterilizadas para su reutilizacion.
A fin de conservar la vida util de la baterla, todos o algunos de los componentes del instrumento quirurgico electromecanico se colocan en un modo inactivo cuando el instrumento no esta en uso. A fin de colocar el instrumento en un estado activo, el instrumento quirurgico electromecanico tiene que interrogar a un pin o a una llnea independiente para determinar si un componente de dicho instrumento quirurgico electromecanico ha sido fijado al conjunto de mango. A fin de interrogar al pin o a la llnea independiente, un procesador en el instrumento quirurgico tiene que activarse periodicamente, acortando as! la vida util de la baterla. Ademas, se requiere que el procesador interrogue a un bus para determinar si un componente ha sido fijado al instrumento quirurgico a fin de hacer pasar el instrumento a un estado activo.
El documento US2011/0105945 describe un sistema quirurgico que tiene un circuito de control con un detector de movimiento, un circuito temporizador y un circuito de parada de la bateria. El circuito esta configurado para conservar la bateria proporcionando energia electrica solamente al detector de movimiento despues de un tiempo predeterminado, a continuacion de un ultimo movimiento fisico del dispositivo, y para proporcionar energia electrica desde la baterla, tambien al conjunto electrico, cuando se detecta un movimiento fisico del conjunto de dispositivo.
Sumario
Se proporciona un sistema quirurgico electromecanico en un aspecto de la presente invencion. El sistema incluye un efector terminal configurado para realizar, al menos, una funcion y un conjunto adaptador, que esta dispuesto para interconectar selectivamente el efector terminal y un instrumento quirurgico de mano. Una interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar se extiende a traves del efector terminal, el conjunto adaptador y el instrumento de mano. El instrumento quirurgico de mano tiene una carcasa de instrumento que define una parte de conexion para conectarse selectivamente con el conjunto adaptador. El instrumento quirurgico de mano incluye un circuito maestro acoplado a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar y configurado para identificar o controlar el conjunto adaptador o el efector terminal. Una fuente de energia esta acoplada a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar y esta configurada para proporcionar energia al conjunto adaptador o al efector terminal. Un primer conmutador conecta el circuito maestro a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar y un segundo conmutador conecta la fuente de energia a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar. Un procesador controla el funcionamiento del instrumento quirurgico de mano. El procesador tiene un pin de activacion conectado a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar. El pin de activacion esta configurado para recibir un pulso de presencia procedente del efector terminal o del adaptador.
En algunas realizaciones, el primer conmutador esta conectado a un primer pin del procesador y el segundo conmutador esta conectado a un segundo pin en el procesador. Si el procesador esta en un estado inactivo, dicho procesador transmite una primera serial por el primer pin para desconectar de la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar el circuito maestro. El procesador transmite tambien una segunda serial por el segundo pin para conectar la fuente de energia a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar.
En algunas realizaciones, el conjunto adaptador genera el pulso de presencia cuando dicho conjunto adaptador esta conectado al instrumento de mano. El procesador pasa del estado inactivo a un estado activo cuando el pin de activacion recibe el pulso de presencia. El conjunto adaptador incluye un circuito integrado que tiene un codigo de identification almacenado en el mismo, que se transmite al circuito maestro despues de colocar el procesador en el estado activo y de que el circuito maestro pida el codigo de identificacion procedente del conjunto adaptador.
En otras realizaciones, el efector terminal genera el pulso de presencia cuando dicho efector terminal esta conectado al instrumento de mano. El procesador pasa del estado inactivo a un estado activo cuando el pin de activacion recibe
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el pulso de presencia. El efector terminal incluye un circuito integrado que tiene un codigo de identificacion almacenado en el mismo, que se transmite al circuito maestro despues de colocar el procesador en el estado activo y de que el circuito maestro pida el codigo de identificacion procedente del efector terminal.
En otro aspecto de la presente invencion, se proporciona un metodo para activar un sistema quirurgico electromecanico que tiene una carcasa que se puede acoplar a un dispositivo esclavo. En el metodo, un circuito maestro unifilar se desconecta de una interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar, mientras que una fuente de energla se conecta a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar. El sistema detecta un pulso de presencia procedente del dispositivo esclavo y, si se detecta el pulso de presencia, el sistema quirurgico electromecanico se coloca en un estado activo.
En algunas realizaciones, el dispositivo esclavo es un adaptador, una unidad de carga de un solo uso o una unidad de carga multiuso.
En algunas realizaciones, el metodo incluye tambien interrogar a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar sobre el dispositivo esclavo cuando el sistema quirurgico electromecanico se coloca en el estado activo.
Breve descripcion de los dibujos
Los anteriores y otros aspectos, caracterlsticas y ventajas de la presente invencion resultaran mas evidentes a la luz de la siguiente descripcion detallada cuando se toma en union con los dibujos que se acompanan, en los que:
la figura 1 es una vista, en perspectiva, de un instrumento de grapado quirurgico para su uso con un conjunto de chips segun las realizaciones de la presente invencion;
la figura 2 es una vista, en perspectiva, del instrumento de grapado quirurgico de la figura 1, que muestra el conjunto de mango, el conjunto adaptador y la unidad de carga en una configuracion separada;
la figura 3 es un diagrama de bloques de sistema del instrumento de grapado quirurgico de la figura 1; y
la figura 4 es un diagrama de flujo que representa un metodo de activacion para el instrumento de grapado quirurgico de la figura 1.
Descripcion detallada de realizaciones
Las realizaciones del sistema, instrumento y/o dispositivo quirurgicos electromecanicos ya divulgadas se describen con detalle haciendo referencia a los dibujos, en los que numeros de referencia semejantes designan elementos identicos o correspondientes en cada una de las diversas vistas.
Esta descripcion puede usar las frases “en una realizacion”, “en las realizaciones”, “en algunas realizaciones” o “en otras realizaciones”, pudiendo cada una hacer referencia a una, o mas, de la misma o diferentes realizaciones de acuerdo con la presente invencion. Para los fines de esta descripcion, una frase en forma de “A o B” significa "(A), (B) o (A y B)". Para los fines de esta descripcion, una frase en forma de “al menos uno de A, B o C” significa "(A), (B), (C), (A y B), (A y C), (B y C) o (A, B y C)".
La expresion “profesional cllnico” hace referencia a cualquier profesional medico (es decir, medico, cirujano, enfermera, o similar) que realiza un procedimiento medico que implica el uso de las realizaciones descritas en esta memoria. Como se muestra en los dibujos y se describe por toda la descripcion siguiente, como es tradicional cuando se hace referencia al posicionamiento relativo en un instrumento quirurgico, el termino “proximal” o “trasero” hace referencia al extremo del aparato que esta mas cerca del profesional cllnico y el termino “distal” o “delantero” hace referencia al extremo del aparato que esta mas lejos del profesional cllnico.
Los sistemas descritos en esta memoria pueden utilizar tambien uno o mas controladores para recibir informacion diversa y transformar la informacion recibida a fin de generar una salida. El controlador puede incluir cualquier tipo de dispositivo informatico, circuito computacional o cualquier tipo de procesador o circuito de procesamiento capaz de ejecutar una serie de instrucciones que se almacenan en una memoria. El controlador puede incluir multiples procesadores y/o unidades de procesamiento centrales (CPU) multinucleo y puede incluir cualquier tipo de procesador, tal como un microprocesador, un procesador de senales digitales, un microcontrolador, o similar. El controlador puede incluir tambien Agrupaciones de puertas programables en campo (FPGA) y Dispositivos logicos programables complejos (CPLD). El controlador puede incluir tambien una memoria que almacena datos y/o algoritmos para realizar una serie de instrucciones.
Cualquiera de los metodos, programas, algoritmos o codigos descritos en esta memoria se pueden convertir, o expresar, en un lenguaje de programacion o un programa informatico. Un “Lenguaje de programacion” y un “Programa informatico” son cualquier lenguaje utilizado para especificar instrucciones a un ordenador e incluyen (pero no estan limitados a) estos lenguajes y sus derivados: Ensamblador, Basic, Archivos por lotes, BCPL, C, C+, C++, Delphi, Fortran, Java, JavaScript, Codigo maquina, lenguajes de comandos del sistema operativo, Pascal, Perl, PL1, lenguajes de script, Visual Basic, VHDL, Verilog, metalenguajes que especifican por si mismos programas, y todos los lenguajes informaticos de primera, segunda, tercera, cuarta y quinta generacion. Se incluyen tambien
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bases de datos y otros esquemas de datos, y cualquier otro metalenguaje. Para los fines de esta definicion, no se hace ninguna distincion entre lenguajes que se interpretan, se compilan, o que usan enfoques tanto compilados como interpretados. Para los fines de esta definicion, no se hace ninguna distincion entre versiones fuente y compiladas de un programa. Asl, una referencia a un programa, en el que el lenguaje de programacion podrla existir en mas de un estado (tal como fuente, compilado, objeto o enlazado) es una referencia a cualquier estado y a todos ellos. La definicion abarca tambien las instrucciones reales y la intencion de esas instrucciones.
Cualquiera de los metodos, programas, algoritmos o codigos descritos en esta memoria puede estar contenido en uno o mas soportes o memoria legibles por maquina. El termino “memoria” puede incluir un mecanismo que proporciona (por ejemplo, almacena y/o transmite) information con una forma legible por una maquina tal como un procesador, un ordenador o un dispositivo de procesamiento digital. Por ejemplo, una memoria puede incluir una memoria de solo lectura (ROM), una memoria de acceso aleatorio (RAM), soportes de almacenamiento en disco magnetico, soportes de almacenamiento optico, dispositivos de memoria flash, o cualquier otro dispositivo de almacenamiento con memoria volatil o no volatil. Las instrucciones o el codigo contenidos en los mismos se pueden representar por senales de onda portadora, senales opticas, senales digitales, y por otras senales semejantes.
Como se usa en esta memoria, la expresion “dispositivo esclavo” puede hacer referencia a cualquier dispositivo que esta fijado a un instrumento quirurgico motorizado. Por ejemplo, un dispositivo esclavo puede ser un adaptador, una unidad de carga de un solo uso (SULU) en concha de almeja, una unidad de carga multiuso (MULU), etc. En las realizaciones descritas en esta memoria, cada dispositivo esclavo incluye un chip que inicia un pulso de presencia, que se describira en lo que sigue.
En las realizaciones descritas en esta memoria, un instrumento quirurgico motorizado se puede acoplar a adaptadores intercambiables y a unidades de carga diferentes. Por ejemplo, las unidades de carga pueden ser una SULu o una MULU. El instrumento quirurgico motorizado tiene un mango que incluye un procesador que controla el funcionamiento de dicho instrumento quirurgico motorizado. El procesador se puede colocar en un estado inactivo para conservar la vida util de la baterla y hacer pasar a un estado activo cuando uno o mas dispositivos esclavos estan fijados al instrumento. Cuando uno o mas dispositivos esclavos estan conectados al instrumento, los dispositivos esclavos generan un pulso de presencia que se transmite a traves de una interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar a un pin de activation en el procesador. Como tal, el procesador no tiene que activarse por si mismo, ahorrando por ello energla. Ademas, el procesador no tiene que interrogar a un bus sobre cualquier otro tipo de condition de activacion, lo que ahorra tiempo. Adicionalmente, se elimina la necesidad de un pin adicional que vaya a un dispositivo esclavo distal o a cualquier dispositivo logico externo requerido para generar un senal de activacion.
Con referencia inicialmente a las figuras 1 y 2, un instrumento quirurgico motorizado, que incluye un sistema de comunicacion en serie bidireccional unifilar segun la presente invention, se muestra generalmente como una grapadora 10. La grapadora 10 incluye un conjunto de mango 12, un conjunto adaptador 14, que se extiende de modo distal desde el conjunto de mango 12, y una unidad de carga 16 asegurada selectivamente a un extremo distal del conjunto adaptador 14. Una description detallada del conjunto de mango 12, del conjunto adaptador 14 y de la unidad de carga 16 se proporciona en la publication de solicitud de patente de EE. UU. numero 2012/0089131, de propiedad comun con esta memoria.
El conjunto de mango 12 incluye una parte inferior de carcasa 17, una parte intermedia de carcasa 18, que se extiende desde la parte inferior de carcasa 17 y/o esta soportada sobre la misma, y una parte superior de carcasa 19, que se extiende desde la parte intermedia de carcasa 18 y/o esta soportada sobre la misma. La parte intermedia de carcasa 18 y la parte superior de carcasa 19 estan separadas en una semiseccion distal 20a formada integralmente con la parte inferior de carcasa 17, y se extiende desde la misma, y una semiseccion proximal 20b unida a la semiseccion distal 20a por cualquier manera adecuada de fijacion, tal como, sin limitation, soldadura por ultrasonidos y/o una pluralidad de elementos de sujecion. Cuando estan unidas, las semisecciones distal y proximal 20a, 20b forman una carcasa de mango 21 que define una cavidad en su interior que aloja una placa de circuito que incluye un controlador (no mostrado) y un mecanismo de accionamiento (no mostrado).
La parte inferior de carcasa 17 incluye una puerta 13, conectada a pivotamiento a la misma, para acceder a una cavidad formada en dicha parte inferior de carcasa 17 a fin de retener una baterla (no mostrada) en su interior. Se contempla que la grapadora 10 puede estar motorizada por cualquier cantidad de fuentes de energla, tales como, por ejemplo y sin limitacion, una pila de combustible, un cable electrico conectado a una fuente de energla externa, etcetera.
El conjunto adaptador 14 incluye un acoplador de accionamiento 22 en su extremo proximal y esta acoplado a un acoplador de unidad de carga 15 en su extremo distal. La semiseccion distal 20a de la parte superior de carcasa 19 define una nariz o parte de conexion 11 configurada para recibir de modo operativo el acoplador de accionamiento 22 del conjunto adaptador 14. La unidad de carga 16 incluye un acoplador de adaptador 27 configurado para recibir de modo operativo el acoplador de unidad de carga 15 del conjunto adaptador 14.
La parte superior de carcasa 19 de la carcasa de mango 21 encierra un mecanismo de accionamiento (no mostrado) configurado para accionar ejes y/o componentes de engranaje (no mostrados) a fin de realizar las diversas
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operaciones de la grapadora 10. En particular, el mecanismo de accionamiento esta configurado para accionar ejes y/o componentes de engranaje a fin de desplazar selectivamente un conjunto de herramienta 23 de la unidad de carga 16 con relacion a una parte proximal de cuerpo 24 de dicha unidad de carga 16, para hacer girar dicha unidad de carga 16 alrededor de un eje longitudinal “X-X” (figura 1) con relacion a la carcasa de mango 21, para desplazar un conjunto de yunque 25 con relacion a un conjunto de cartucho 26 de la unidad de carga 16 y/o para descargar un cartucho de grapado y corte al interior del conjunto de cartucho 26 de la unidad de carga 16.
Volviendo a la figura 3, el conjunto de mango 12 incluye un controlador 30 que controla el funcionamiento de la grapadora 10. El controlador 30 incluye un procesador 32 y un circuito maestro unifilar 34. Cuando no se usa la grapadora 10, el procesador 32 esta colocado en un estado inactivo para conservar la vida util de la baterla. El procesador 32 puede pasar de un estado inactivo a un estado activo tras una instruccion de un profesional cllnico, que fija un adaptador 14 al conjunto de mango 12, o que fija una unidad de carga 16 a un adaptador 14 que ya esta acoplado al conjunto de mango 12.
El circuito maestro unifilar 34 es el controlador principal de una interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar o bus 36 y es responsable de encontrar dispositivos esclavos en el bus 36 cuando el dispositivo o dispositivos esclavos notifican su presencia. El circuito maestro unifilar 34 emite tambien ordenes a los dispositivos esclavos. Puede haber solamente un circuito maestro 34 en un bus 36 dado. El circuito maestro 34 esta acoplado al bus 36 a traves de un conmutador 38 que recibe una instruccion de apertura/cierre procedente del procesador 32 a traves del pin 40. Un conmutador 42 acopla el bus 36 a una fuente de energla 44 basandose en una instruccion de apertura/cierre procedente del procesador 32 a traves del pin 46. Un pin de activacion 48 en el procesador 32 detecta un pulso de presencia procedente de los dispositivos esclavos cuando dichos dispositivos esclavos estan acoplados a la carcasa 12.
El adaptador 14 y la unidad de carga 16 incluyen un chip 50 y 52, respectivamente, que estan en comunicacion electrica con el bus 36. Los chips 50 y 52 son parte de un sistema de autenticacion que impide el uso no autorizado de la grapadora quirurgica 10. Los chips 50 y 52 son capaces de almacenar las especificaciones del adaptador 14 o de la unidad de carga 16, tales como, sin limitacion, el tamano del cartucho, la disposicion de las grapas, la longitud de las grapas, la distancia de apriete, la fecha de fabrication, la fecha de expiration, las caracterlsticas de compatibilidad, un identificador exclusivo (por ejemplo, un numero de serie) y/o el numero de usos, y transmitir las especificaciones al conjunto de mango 12. En algunas realizaciones, los chips 50 y 52 incluyen un chip de memoria de solo lectura programable que se puede borrar (“EPROM”). De esta manera, el conjunto de mango 12 puede ajustar las fuerzas de descarga, la carrera de descarga y/u otras caracterlsticas operativas del mismo de acuerdo con las especificaciones de la unidad de carga 16 que se transmiten desde el chip 52. Se preve ademas que los chips 50 y 52 puedan incluir capacidades de escritura que permiten que el conjunto de mango 12 comunique a dichos chips 50 y 52 que se ha usado el adaptador 14 o la unidad de carga 16 asociado, lo que puede impedir la recarga o la reutilizacion de un conjunto de recarga gastado, o cualquier otro uso no autorizado. Una description detallada de una grapadora quirurgica 10 con un sistema de autenticacion se proporciona en la solicitud de patente de EE. UU. numero 14/172.109, de propiedad comun con esta memoria, presentada el 4 de febrero de 2014 y publicada como US 2015-0216525 A1.
Volviendo a la figura 4, se describira, con referencia a las figuras 1-3, el funcionamiento de un procedimiento de activacion para la grapadora quirurgica 10. En la etapa s102, el procesador 32 se coloca en un estado inactivo. El estado inactivo se puede iniciar basandose en una instruccion procedente de un profesional cllnico o si la grapadora quirurgica 10 esta inactiva durante un perlodo predeterminado de tiempo. En la etapa s104, una senal desde el pin 40 del procesador 32 hace que el conmutador 38 desconecte del bus 36 el circuito maestro unifilar 34. Ademas, en la etapa s102, una senal desde el pin 46 hace que el conmutador 42 conecte el bus 36 a la fuente de energla 44. Al conectar la fuente de energla 44 al bus, cualquier dispositivo esclavo que este fijado al mango 12 puede recibir energla para generar un pulso de presencia. En la etapa s106, el pin de activacion 48 verifica un pulso de presencia procedente de cualquier dispositivo esclavo conectado. El pulso de presencia es un pulso generado automaticamente (480 microsegundos a tierra) transmitido por el dispositivo esclavo, despues de recibir energla dicho dispositivo esclavo. Si no se encuentra un pulso de presencia en la etapa s108, el estado inactivo se mantiene en la etapa s110 y el procedimiento vuelve a la etapa s106. Por otro lado, si se detecta un pulso de presencia en la etapa s108, el procedimiento avanza hasta la etapa s112, en la que el procesador 32 pasa a un estado activo. En la etapa s114, el circuito maestro unifilar 34 se conecta al bus 36, mientras que el suministro de energla 44 se desconecta del bus 36. Cuando el procesador 32 pasa del estado inactivo al estado activo y el circuito maestro unifilar 34 se conecta al bus 36, dicho circuito maestro unifilar 34 interroga al bus sobre el nuevo dispositivo esclavo.
Aunque las realizaciones ilustrativas de la presente invention se han descrito en esta memoria con referencia a los dibujos que se acompanan, se ha de entender que la invencion no esta limitada a esas realizaciones precisas, y que un experto en la tecnica puede efectuar en las mismas otros cambios y modificaciones diferentes sin salirse del alcance de la invencion como se define por las reivindicaciones adjuntas.
Claims (13)
- 51015202530354045REIVINDICACIONES1. Un sistema quirurgico electromecanico, que comprende:un efector terminal (16) configurado para realizar, al menos, una funcion;un conjunto adaptador (14), que esta dispuesto para interconectar selectivamente el efector terminal y un instrumento quirurgico (10) de mano;una interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar (36) que se extiende a traves del efector terminal, el conjunto adaptador y el instrumento quirurgico de mano; yel instrumento quirurgico de mano, que incluye una carcasa de instrumento (17, 18, 19) que define una parte de conexion (11) para conectarse (22) selectivamente con el conjunto adaptador;un circuito maestro (34) acoplado a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar y configurado para identificar o controlar el conjunto adaptador o el efector terminal;una fuente de energla (44) acoplada a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar y configurada para proporcionar energla al conjunto adaptador o al efector terminal;un primer conmutador (38) configurado para conectar el circuito maestro a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar;un segundo conmutador (42) configurado para conectar la fuente de energla a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar; yun controlador (30), que incluye un procesador (32) configurado para controlar el funcionamiento del instrumento quirurgico de mano, teniendo el controlador un pin de activacion (48) conectado a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar, estando el pin de activacion configurado para recibir un pulso de presencia procedente del efector terminal o del adaptador.
- 2. El sistema quirurgico electromecanico segun la reivindicacion 1, en el que el primer conmutador esta conectado a un primer pin (40) del procesador y el segundo conmutador esta conectado a un segundo pin (46) en el procesador.
- 3. El sistema quirurgico electromecanico segun la reivindicacion 2, en el que, si el procesador esta en un estado inactivo, dicho procesador transmite una primera serial por el primer pin para desconectar de la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar el circuito maestro y una segunda serial por el segundo pin para conectar la fuente de energla a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar.
- 4. El sistema quirurgico electromecanico segun la reivindicacion 3, en el que el conjunto adaptador genera el pulso de presencia cuando dicho conjunto adaptador esta conectado al instrumento de mano.
- 5. El sistema quirurgico electromecanico segun la reivindicacion 4, en el que el procesador pasa del estado inactivo a un estado activo cuando el pin de activacion recibe el pulso de presencia.
- 6. El sistema quirurgico electromecanico segun la reivindicacion 5, en el que el conjunto adaptador incluye un circuito integrado que tiene un codigo de identification almacenado en el mismo.
- 7. El sistema quirurgico electromecanico segun la reivindicacion 6, en el que el conjunto adaptador transmite el codigo de identificacion al circuito maestro despues de colocar el procesador en el estado activo.
- 8. El sistema quirurgico electromecanico segun la reivindicacion 3, en el que el efector terminal genera el pulso de presencia cuando dicho efector terminal esta conectado al instrumento de mano.
- 9. El sistema quirurgico electromecanico segun la reivindicacion 8, en el que el procesador pasa del estado inactivo a un estado activo cuando el pin de activacion recibe el pulso de presencia.
- 10. El sistema quirurgico electromecanico segun la reivindicacion 9, en el que el efector terminal incluye un circuito integrado que tiene un codigo de identificacion almacenado en el mismo.
- 11. El sistema quirurgico electromecanico segun la reivindicacion 10, en el que el efector terminal transmite el codigo de identificacion al circuito maestro despues de colocar el procesador en el estado activo.
- 12. Un metodo para activar un sistema quirurgico electromecanico que tiene una carcasa que se puede acoplar a un dispositivo esclavo, comprendiendo el metodo:desconectar de una interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar un circuito maestro unifilar; conectar una fuente de energla a la interfaz de comunicaciones en serie bidireccional unifilar; ydetectar un pulso de presencia procedente del dispositivo esclavo,en el que si se detecta el pulso de presencia, el sistema quirurgico electromecanico se coloca en un estado activo.
- 13. El metodo segun la reivindicacion 12, en el que el dispositivo esclavo es un adaptador, una unidad de carga de un solo uso o una unidad de carga multiuso.5 14. El metodo segun la reivindicacion 12, que comprende ademas interrogar a la interfaz de comunicaciones enserie bidireccional unifilar sobre el dispositivo esclavo cuando el sistema quirurgico electromecanico se coloca en el estado activo.
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| AU2015200959B2 (en) | 2019-05-23 |
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