JP2000510399A - 可塑化材料を送る密閉スクリュの摩耗の度合いを確かめる方法及び装置 - Google Patents
可塑化材料を送る密閉スクリュの摩耗の度合いを確かめる方法及び装置Info
- Publication number
- JP2000510399A JP2000510399A JP10544524A JP54452498A JP2000510399A JP 2000510399 A JP2000510399 A JP 2000510399A JP 10544524 A JP10544524 A JP 10544524A JP 54452498 A JP54452498 A JP 54452498A JP 2000510399 A JP2000510399 A JP 2000510399A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- screw
- housing
- thread
- plasticized material
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/74—Bypassing means, i.e. part of the molten material being diverted into downstream stages of the extruder
- B29C48/745—Bypassing means, i.e. part of the molten material being diverted into downstream stages of the extruder for plasticising or homogenising devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
- B29B7/42—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
- B29B7/428—Parts or accessories, e.g. casings, feeding or discharging means
- B29B7/429—Screws
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/72—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29B7/726—Measuring properties of mixture, e.g. temperature or density
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/268—Throttling of the flow, e.g. for cooperating with plasticising elements or for degassing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/69—Filters or screens for the moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
- B29C2948/92019—Pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92323—Location or phase of measurement
- B29C2948/92361—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/9238—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
- B29C2948/924—Barrel or housing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92514—Pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
- B29C2948/92895—Barrel or housing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/254—Sealing means
- B29C48/2545—Sealing means for filters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/69—Filters or screens for the moulding material
- B29C48/693—Substantially flat filters mounted at the end of an extruder screw perpendicular to the feed axis
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Control Of Conveyors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.密閉スクリュ(8)が、軸線方向に互いに離れた2個のスクリュ部分(6、 7)間でスクリュハウジング(4)内に軸受け支持され、密閉スクリュのねじ山 のピッチが、これら2個のスクリュ部分(6、7)のねじ山のピッチと反対向き であり、これら2個のスクリュ部分(6、7)の各ハウジング(4)が、これら 2個のスクリュ部分(6、7)により搬送される可塑化材料を導く接続通路(1 3)によって互いに接続され、接続通路内を流れる可塑化材料を処理するステー ション(16)、特に濾過ステーションが、接続通路に接続されており、抵抗体 (12)は、接続通路(13)が、可塑化材料が初めに流れるスクリュ部分(6 )のハウジング(4)から分岐する箇所と、密閉スクリュ(8)と間に設けられ る、可塑化された材料、特に合成樹脂材料を抵抗体(12)に送る密閉スクリュ の摩耗の程度を確かめる方法において、後者のスクリュ部分(6)により運ばれ る可塑化材料の圧力と、密閉スクリュ(8)により運ばれる可塑化材料の圧力と が、抵抗体(12)の前で測定され、これら2箇所の圧力の差を利用して摩耗の 程度を表示することを特徴とする方法。 2.軸線方向に互いに離れた2個のスクリュ部分(6、7)が、密閉スクリュ( 8)により一緒に回転するように結合され、開口(18)が、可塑化材料が初め に通るスクリュ部分(6)のハウジング(4)の壁(20)を貫通し、この開口 は、このスクリュ部分のねじ山がある領域、又はこのねじ山に近接した領域に設 けられ、別の開口が、このハウジング(4)の壁(20)又は密閉スクリュ(8 )のハウジングの壁(20)を貫通しており、これら2個の開口(18、19) は、スクリュ部分(6、7)の軸線方向において、互いに離れており、抵抗体( 12)が、両者の間の領域に設けられ、2個の開口(18、19)のそれぞれに は、圧力センサ(22、23)が接続されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載 の方法を実施 する装置。 3.圧力センサ(22、23)には、トランスデューサ(31,32)が、接続 され、トランスデューサは、それぞれの出力から電気信号を比較回路(32)に 送り、比較回路の出力には、表示装置を接続することを特徴とする、請求項2に 記載の装置。 4.スクリュハウジング(4)の壁(20)に設けた2個の開口(18、19) の少なくとも一方は、スクリュ部分(6)又は密閉スクリュのねじ山に隣接する 環状溝(24、25)から分岐することを特徴とする、請求項2又は3に記載の 装置。 5.抵抗体(12)は、2個の開口(18、19)の間に設けたバッフル体(2 6)からなり、バッフル体は、スクリュ部分(6、7)を密閉スクリュ(8)に 結合するシャフト(9)に設けられることを特徴とする、請求項2乃至4のいず れか1に記載の装置。 6.バッフル体(26)は、円盤であり、狭い環状間隙(35)が、密閉スクリ ュ(8)のハウジングの壁(20)と円盤の周囲部との間に設けられることを特 徴とする、請求項5に記載の装置。 7.少なくとも1個の環状溝(36)が、円盤の周囲部に設けられることを特徴 とする、請求項6に記載の装置。 8.ねじ山(37)が、バッフル体(26)に設けられ、このねじ山は、密閉ス クリュ(8)のねじ山と同じ送り方向を有するが、密閉スクリュ(8)のねじ山 よりも細かいことを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の装置。 9.2個のスクリュ部分(6、7)は、ねじ山の直径と同じ外径を有することを 特徴とする、請求項2乃至8に記載の装置。 10.密閉スクリュ(8)は、そのねじ山の外径が、2個のスクリュ部分(6、 7)の少なくとも一方のねじ山の外径と等しいことを特徴とする、請求項2乃至 9にいずれか1に記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT693/97 | 1997-04-23 | ||
| AT0069397A AT407855B (de) | 1997-04-23 | 1997-04-23 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur überwachung des abnützungsgrades einer ein plastifiziertes material fördernden dichtschnecke |
| PCT/AT1998/000102 WO1998047687A1 (de) | 1997-04-23 | 1998-04-20 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur überwachung des abnützungsgrades einer ein plastifiziertes material fördernden dichtschnecke |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000510399A true JP2000510399A (ja) | 2000-08-15 |
| JP3194750B2 JP3194750B2 (ja) | 2001-08-06 |
Family
ID=3497338
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP54452498A Expired - Fee Related JP3194750B2 (ja) | 1997-04-23 | 1998-04-20 | 可塑化材料を送る密閉スクリュの摩耗の度合いを確かめる方法及び装置 |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6406174B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0977658B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3194750B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100347200B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1067327C (ja) |
| AT (2) | AT407855B (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU717470B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR9809399B1 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2283743C (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE59805974D1 (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK0977658T3 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2186149T3 (ja) |
| PT (1) | PT977658E (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1998047687A1 (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA983323B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT406948B (de) * | 1999-02-09 | 2000-10-25 | Bacher Helmut | Vorrichtung zur filterung thermoplastischen kunststoffmateriales |
| AU2002316850B8 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2006-11-23 | Evonik Rohm Gmbh | Method and device for regulating pressure in a single-screw degassing extruder or in a cascade extruder |
| DE10354273B4 (de) * | 2003-08-14 | 2005-07-07 | Battenfeld Extrusionstechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verschleißerkennung bei Extrudermaschinen |
| AT503014B1 (de) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-07-15 | Schulz Helmuth | Vorrichtung zum extrudieren von thermoplastischem kunststoffgut |
| AT506298B1 (de) * | 2008-02-20 | 2009-08-15 | Schulz Helmuth Ing | Vorrichtung zum extrudieren von thermoplastischem kunststoffgut |
| AT510024B1 (de) | 2010-07-19 | 2012-01-15 | Engel Austria Gmbh | Plastifiziereinheit mit verschleissmesssensor |
| DE102013112971B3 (de) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-02-05 | Leistritz Extrusionstechnik Gmbh | Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Überprüfung des Aufbaus einer Extruderschnecke |
| WO2015113250A1 (zh) * | 2014-01-29 | 2015-08-06 | 西门子公司 | 燃气轮机中导叶密封件磨损程度的监控方法 |
| DE102017009046A1 (de) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-03-28 | Reifenhäuser GmbH & Co. KG Maschinenfabrik | Zustandsüberwachungssystem, verfahren zum bestimmen eines abnutzungsgrads, wartungssteuerungsverfahren, betriebsführungs- und sicherheitssystem und extruder |
| DE102018100455B4 (de) * | 2018-01-10 | 2020-08-20 | KraussMaffei Extrusion GmbH | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Extrusionsanlage und Extrusionsanlage |
| CN111036144A (zh) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-04-21 | 南京迦南比逊科技有限公司 | 一种干法制粒机的变螺距送料机构 |
| AT525668B1 (de) | 2022-07-11 | 2023-06-15 | Engel Austria Gmbh | Plastifiziereinheit für eine Formgebungsmaschine |
| EP4438264A1 (de) * | 2023-03-29 | 2024-10-02 | Coperion GmbH | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum aufbereiten von kunststoffmaterial |
| EP4438259A1 (de) * | 2023-03-29 | 2024-10-02 | Coperion GmbH | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum aufbereiten von kunststoffmaterial |
| CN117227127B (zh) * | 2023-10-17 | 2025-11-18 | 张家界齐汇新材料有限公司 | 基于熔体自密封的超临界流体辅助聚合物挤出发泡装置 |
| CN119673573B (zh) * | 2025-02-24 | 2025-05-16 | 常州市丰国电器有限公司 | 一种电缆加工设备及电缆加工方法 |
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-
1997
- 1997-04-23 AT AT0069397A patent/AT407855B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-04-20 DK DK98916613T patent/DK0977658T3/da active
- 1998-04-20 DE DE59805974T patent/DE59805974D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-20 EP EP98916613A patent/EP0977658B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-20 PT PT98916613T patent/PT977658E/pt unknown
- 1998-04-20 CN CN98804425A patent/CN1067327C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-04-20 AT AT98916613T patent/ATE226138T1/de active
- 1998-04-20 ES ES98916613T patent/ES2186149T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-20 JP JP54452498A patent/JP3194750B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-04-20 WO PCT/AT1998/000102 patent/WO1998047687A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1998-04-20 US US09/402,140 patent/US6406174B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-20 AU AU70119/98A patent/AU717470B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-04-20 KR KR1019997009399A patent/KR100347200B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-04-20 CA CA002283743A patent/CA2283743C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-04-20 BR BRPI9809399-1A patent/BR9809399B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-21 ZA ZA983323A patent/ZA983323B/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK0977658T3 (da) | 2003-02-17 |
| KR20010006315A (ko) | 2001-01-26 |
| PT977658E (pt) | 2003-02-28 |
| JP3194750B2 (ja) | 2001-08-06 |
| CA2283743A1 (en) | 1998-10-29 |
| AT407855B (de) | 2001-07-25 |
| DE59805974D1 (de) | 2002-11-21 |
| AU7011998A (en) | 1998-11-13 |
| US6406174B2 (en) | 2002-06-18 |
| KR100347200B1 (ko) | 2002-08-03 |
| WO1998047687A1 (de) | 1998-10-29 |
| BR9809399A (pt) | 2000-10-24 |
| CN1252749A (zh) | 2000-05-10 |
| EP0977658A1 (de) | 2000-02-09 |
| ZA983323B (en) | 1998-11-03 |
| EP0977658B1 (de) | 2002-10-16 |
| CN1067327C (zh) | 2001-06-20 |
| ATE226138T1 (de) | 2002-11-15 |
| ATA69397A (de) | 2000-11-15 |
| BR9809399B1 (pt) | 2009-01-13 |
| CA2283743C (en) | 2004-06-22 |
| AU717470B2 (en) | 2000-03-30 |
| ES2186149T3 (es) | 2003-05-01 |
| US20010040837A1 (en) | 2001-11-15 |
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