JP2004185030A - 自動車用エレクトロクロミック可変反射率ミラー - Google Patents
自動車用エレクトロクロミック可変反射率ミラー Download PDFInfo
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- JP2004185030A JP2004185030A JP2004021296A JP2004021296A JP2004185030A JP 2004185030 A JP2004185030 A JP 2004185030A JP 2004021296 A JP2004021296 A JP 2004021296A JP 2004021296 A JP2004021296 A JP 2004021296A JP 2004185030 A JP2004185030 A JP 2004185030A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K9/00—Tenebrescent materials, i.e. materials for which the range of wavelengths for energy absorption is changed as a result of excitation by some form of energy
- C09K9/02—Organic tenebrescent materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
- B60R1/08—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors
- B60R1/083—Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors
- B60R1/088—Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors using a cell of electrically changeable optical characteristic, e.g. liquid-crystal or electrochromic mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1503—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect caused by oxidation-reduction reactions in organic liquid solutions, e.g. viologen solutions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/161—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1516—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising organic material
- G02F1/15165—Polymers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F2001/1502—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect complementary cell
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F2001/15145—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material the electrochromic layer comprises a mixture of anodic and cathodic compounds
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】 自動車用エレクトロクロミック可変反射率ミラーであって、各々が前表面および後表面を有する、前部および後部空間部材;前記前部部材の後表面に設けられている一層の透明導電性材料;前記後部部材の一方側に設けられた反射体、但し、反射体が前記後部部材の後表面にある場合、当該後部部材の前表面は透明導電性材料の層を含む;ならびに、空間を置いて離れた関係にある前記前部および後部空間部材と一緒に結合し、それらの部材間で室を確定する周囲シール部材、ここで、当該室は少なくとも一種のエレクトロクロミック物質を含む;を含み前記可変反射率ミラーの第1モード水平振動数が約45ヘルツを超える、自動車用エレクトロクロミック可変反射率ミラー。
【選択図】 なし
Description
自立型ゲルを含有する数種のエレクトロクロミックミラーを次のようにして作成した。1:10イソシアナートエチルメタクリレート/メチルメタクリレートのコポリマー37.02g中のビス(1, 1'-3-フェニルプロピル)-4, 4'-ジピリジニウムビス(テトラフルオロボレート)1.5114gの溶液を、ビスフェノールA 0.7396g、5,10-ジメチル-5,10-ジヒドロフェナジン0.4606g、Tinuvin P (Ciba Geigy, Tarrytown, NY)0.5218gを含む炭酸プロピレン57.36g中の溶液と混合した。この混合物を、互いにエポキシシールでシールし、180ミクロンのセル空間を有する二枚の1.1mmガラス部材中に真空埋め戻し充填をした。当該セル空間は、Sigma-Aldrichから入手できるポリ(炭酸プロピレン)である、"ELVACITE" 2008, 2010, 2013,および 2041をそれぞれ含むポリマースペーサービーズを含有させていた。周囲温度(20〜25℃)でゲルを形成させた。これらのミラーはおおよそ4" × 6"であり、6ポイントランダム軸の回転の500回G-適用ショック荷重からなる振動試験に付した。この際、温度サイクルは、計25回、各々、−100℃から100℃まで4分かけて昇温させた。これらのミラーはすべて優れた耐振動性を示した。さらに、スペーサービーズのすべてが、ミラーがゲル混合物で充填されたときから24時間以内に溶解した。
ミラー部材の寸法がおおよそ5" × 9"だった以外は実施例1にしたがって、数種のエレクトロクロミックミラーを製作した。スペーサービーズのすべては、ミラーがゲル混合物で充填されたときから24時間以内に溶解した。これらのミラーを耐圧力点試験に付した。相当の面積を持つこれらのミラーの部品は、外部負荷圧力下でそれらが破壊し易い固有の箇所を有する。試験するためにこれらの箇所の一点(端部から約0.5インチ)を選択した。1235ポンドでおいてさえこれらの部品は破壊されなかった。これは、使用した試験用装置(1"直径の丸いプラスチック製フィンガーを備えたChattilon Force Measurement Gauge ET-110)で最大到達圧力を示した。1235ポンドの圧力を解除すると、この極端な圧力が原因で、プラスチック製試験用フィンガー直下の約0.5インチ直径の領域からゲルが強制的に追いやられていたことに気づかれる。その上ガラス部材は互いに接触していたと思われる。この極端な圧力を除去した後すぐに、ゲルは「自発治癒」し、試験箇所の元の位置にゲルを回復させた。比較のため、自立型ゲルを含有させないで約1.1mmの厚さのガラス部材およびPMMAビーズを有する部品は、平均167ポンドでガラス破壊を示した。
Claims (3)
- 自動車用エレクトロクロミック可変反射率ミラーであって、
各々が前表面および後表面を有する、前部および後部空間部材;
前記前部部材の後表面に設けられている一層の透明導電性材料;
前記後部部材の一方側に設けられた反射体、但し、反射体が前記後部部材の後表面にある場合、当該後部部材の前表面は透明導電性材料の層を含む;ならびに
空間を置いて離れた関係にある前記前部および後部空間部材と一緒に結合し、それらの部材間で室を確定する周囲シール部材、ここで、当該室は少なくとも一種のエレクトロクロミック物質を含む;を含み
前記可変反射率ミラーの第1モード水平振動数が約45ヘルツを超える、自動車用エレクトロクロミック可変反射率ミラー。 - 前記第1モード水平振動数が約55ヘルツを超える請求項58に記載のエレクトロクロミックミラー。
- 前記第1モード水平振動数が約60ヘルツを超える請求項58に記載のエレクトロクロミックミラー。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/834,783 US5940201A (en) | 1997-04-02 | 1997-04-02 | Electrochromic mirror with two thin glass elements and a gelled electrochromic medium |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP54179398A Division JP3645273B2 (ja) | 1997-04-02 | 1998-03-26 | 二枚の薄いガラス部材およびゲル化したエレクトロクロミック媒質を有するエレクトロクロミックミラー |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2004185030A true JP2004185030A (ja) | 2004-07-02 |
| JP2004185030A5 JP2004185030A5 (ja) | 2005-08-18 |
| JP4397698B2 JP4397698B2 (ja) | 2010-01-13 |
Family
ID=25267797
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP54179398A Expired - Lifetime JP3645273B2 (ja) | 1997-04-02 | 1998-03-26 | 二枚の薄いガラス部材およびゲル化したエレクトロクロミック媒質を有するエレクトロクロミックミラー |
| JP2004021296A Expired - Lifetime JP4397698B2 (ja) | 1997-04-02 | 2004-01-29 | 自動車用エレクトロクロミック可変反射率ミラー |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP54179398A Expired - Lifetime JP3645273B2 (ja) | 1997-04-02 | 1998-03-26 | 二枚の薄いガラス部材およびゲル化したエレクトロクロミック媒質を有するエレクトロクロミックミラー |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (5) | US5940201A (ja) |
| EP (2) | EP1489456A1 (ja) |
| JP (2) | JP3645273B2 (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE271232T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU6776198A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2284539C (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69825053T2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1998044386A1 (ja) |
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- 1998-03-26 JP JP54179398A patent/JP3645273B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-26 DE DE69825053T patent/DE69825053T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-26 WO PCT/US1998/005940 patent/WO1998044386A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-03-26 EP EP04015933A patent/EP1489456A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-03-26 AU AU67761/98A patent/AU6776198A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-03-26 EP EP98913140A patent/EP0990194B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-26 AT AT98913140T patent/ATE271232T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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2000
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- 2001-07-30 US US09/918,213 patent/US20010055143A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| JP2001525077A (ja) | 2001-12-04 |
| ATE271232T1 (de) | 2004-07-15 |
| US6934067B2 (en) | 2005-08-23 |
| JP4397698B2 (ja) | 2010-01-13 |
| EP0990194A1 (en) | 2000-04-05 |
| US6057956A (en) | 2000-05-02 |
| WO1998044386A1 (en) | 1998-10-08 |
| US20010055143A1 (en) | 2001-12-27 |
| EP1489456A1 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
| DE69825053T2 (de) | 2005-08-25 |
| AU6776198A (en) | 1998-10-22 |
| US5940201A (en) | 1999-08-17 |
| EP0990194B1 (en) | 2004-07-14 |
| US6268950B1 (en) | 2001-07-31 |
| US20030112489A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
| JP3645273B2 (ja) | 2005-05-11 |
| DE69825053D1 (de) | 2004-08-19 |
| CA2284539C (en) | 2005-11-22 |
| CA2284539A1 (en) | 1998-10-08 |
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