JP2006348043A - インダゾール及びプロテインキナーゼ阻害のためのその使用 - Google Patents
インダゾール及びプロテインキナーゼ阻害のためのその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2006348043A JP2006348043A JP2006232927A JP2006232927A JP2006348043A JP 2006348043 A JP2006348043 A JP 2006348043A JP 2006232927 A JP2006232927 A JP 2006232927A JP 2006232927 A JP2006232927 A JP 2006232927A JP 2006348043 A JP2006348043 A JP 2006348043A
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- indazole
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- mmol
- phenyl
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Abstract
【解決手段】 次式の化合物が提供される。
【化1】
式中、R1は、置換、不置換のアリール、ヘテロアリール又はCH=CH−R3、CH=N−R3(R3は置換、不置換のアルキル、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリールである)であり;Yは、O、S、C=CH2、C=O、S=O、SO2、CH2、CHCH3、NH、N−(C1−C8アルキル)であり;R8は、置換、不置換のアルキル、アルケニル、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アルコキシル、アリールオキシであり;R10は、水素、ハロゲン、低級アルキルである。
【選択図】 なし
Description
本願は、1999年7月2日出願のU.S.仮特許出願No.60/142,130の利益を主張するものである。
本発明は、一定のプロテインキナーゼ活性を調節及び/又は阻害するインダゾール化合物、並びに、上記化合物を含有する医薬組成物に関する。本発明は、この化合物及び組成物の治療上及び予防上の使用、並びに、この化合物を有効量投与して、ガン及び望ましくない腫瘍起因性血管形成及び/又は細胞増殖に関連するその他の疾患症状を処置する方法にも関する。
典型的には、上記リン酸化は、タンパク質の機能を劇的に不安定化する、すなわちプロテインキナーゼは、代謝、細胞増殖、細胞分化及び細胞生存などの幅広い細胞プロセスの調節の中枢である。プロテインキナーゼ活性が必要とされていることが知られている多くの様々な細胞機能のうち、プロセスに、一定の疾患状態に対する治療介入の魅力的な標的を示すものがある。プロテインキナーゼが中枢的役割を果たす2つの例は、腫瘍起因性血管形成及び細胞周期コントロールである;これらのプロセスは、固体腫瘍の成長及びその他の疾患に必須のものである。
上記発展の結果、VEGF−R2、FGF−R及び/又はTEKのキナーゼ活性を阻害する化合物の使用により、腫瘍起因性血管形成を処置することが提案された。例えば、WIPO国際公報No.WO97/34876は、ガン、糖尿病、乾鮮、リュウマチ、カポジ肉腫、血管腫、急性腎炎、慢性腎炎、関節炎、動脈再発挟搾症、自己免疫疾患、急性炎症、及び、網膜管増殖に関連する眼病等の異常腫瘍起因性血管形成並びに/又は管脈透過性増加に関連する疾患状態の処置に使用してよいVEGF−R2の阻害剤である一定のシノリン(cinnoline)誘導体を開示している。
別のVEGFに対する生理学的応答は、腫瘍起因性血管形成の初期段階で役割を果たすことが提唱されていた透過性亢進である。脳卒中障害で生じるもの等の虚血組織中、低酸素によりVEGF発現が誘発され、透過性亢進の増加、最終的に周囲組織中で浮腫が生じる。脳卒中に関するラットモデルにおいて、van Bruggen et al., J.Clinical Invest.,104,1613−20(1999)によって、VEGFに対するモノクローナル抗体の投与により梗塞体積が減少されることが示された。すなわち、VEGFR阻害剤は、脳卒中の処置に有用であることが期待される。
サイクリン依存性キナーゼ(CDK)は、細胞周期の様々な期の間の移行を調節する重要な役割を果たすセリン−スレオニン・プロテインキナーゼである。参照、Science,274,1643−1677(1996)に編集された記事。CDK複合体は、調節サイクリン・サブユニット(例えばサイクリンA,B1,B2,D1,D2,D3及びE)並びに触媒反応キナーゼサブユニット(例えば、cdc2(CDK1)、CDK2、CDK4、CDK5及びCDK6)の会合により形成される。その名が示すように、CDKは、その標的基質をリン酸化するためサイクリン・サブユニットに完全な依存性を示し、様々なキナーゼ/サイクリン・ペアは細胞周期の特定の相の進行を調節する機能を有する。
別のプロテインキナーゼCHK1は、細胞周期の進行においてチェックポイント(checkpoint)として重要な役割を果たす。チェックポイントとは、サイクリン依存性キナーゼの形成、活性化及びその後の不活性化に影響して、細胞周期の進行を調整するコントロール系でありうる。チェックポイントは不適当な時間での細胞周期の進行を防止し、細胞が拘束されている間、細胞の代謝バランスを維持し、チェックポイントの必要条件が満たされないとアポトーシス(プログラムされた細胞死)を誘導しうる場合がありうる。参照、例えば、O’Connor,Cancer Surveys, 29, 151−182(1997);Nurse, Cell, 91,865−867(1997);Hartwell et al.,Science,266,1821−1828(1994);Hartwell et al.,Science,246,629−634(1989)。
ECMに結合するインテグリン受容体は、細胞運動性、細胞増殖及び生存に関与するFAK(病巣付着キナーゼ)により媒介される細胞内シグナルを起こす。ヒトのガンにおいて、FAK過剰発現は、インテグリン媒介シグナリング経路におけるその役割を介した、腫瘍発生及び転移の潜在性に結果として影響を与える。チロシンキナーゼは、(細胞外ドメイン、トランスメンブラン・ドメイン及び細胞内ドメインを有する)受容体型、又は、(完全に細胞内である)非受容体型でありうる。少なくとも1つの非受容体タンパク質チロシンキナーゼ、すなわちLCKは、細胞表面タンパク質(Cd4)と架橋抗Cd4抗体との相互作用からのシグナルのT細胞内での変換を媒介すると考えられている。非受容体チロシンキナーゼのさらに詳しいディスカッションは、引例として本願に包括される、Bolen、Oncogene、8、2025−2031(1993)中で提供される。
プロテインキナーゼの有効な阻害剤の必要性が未だある。その上、当業者らに理解されているように、キナーゼ阻害剤は、標的キナーゼに対し高親和性であると同時にその他のプロテインキナーゼに対して高選択性を有することが望まれている。
以下の記載で明らかになるであろう本発明の各種の目的は、プロテインキナーゼ活性を調節及び/又は阻害する、下記のインダゾール化合物、並びに、その医薬上許容されるプロドラッグ、医薬上の活性代謝産物及び医薬上許容される塩(上記化合物、プロドラッグ、代謝産物及び塩をまとめて「薬剤(agents)」と称する)の発見によって達成された。このような薬剤を含有する医薬組成物は、ガン、並びに、糖尿病性網膜症、新血管形成緑内障、リュウマチ性関節炎及び乾鮮等、望ましくない腫瘍起因性血管形成及び/又は細胞増殖に関連する疾患等、キナーゼ活性により介在される疾患の処置に有用である。さらに薬剤は、VEGF−R、FGF−R、CDK複合体、CHK1、LCK、TEK、FAK及びホスホリラーゼキナーゼに関連するキナーゼ活性を調節及び/又は阻害に関連する好適な性質を有する。
R1は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はヘテロアリール基、又は、式CH=CH−R3若しくはCH=N−R3の基(式中、R3は、置換若しくは不置換のアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アリール基又はヘテロアリール基である)であり;そして
R2は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はヘテロアリール基、又は、Y−X(式中、Yは、O、S、C=CH2、C=O、S=O、SO2、アルキリデン基、NH又はN−(C1−C8アルキル)基であり、Xは、置換若しくは不置換のAr、ヘテロアリール基、NH−(アルキル)基、NH−(シクロアルキル)基、NH−(ヘテロシクロアルキル)基、NH(アリール)基、NH(ヘテロアリール基)、NH−(アルコキシル)基又はNH−(ジアルキルアミド)基であり、Arはアリールである)である;
の化合物に関する。
本発明は、式Iの化合物の医薬上許容されるプロドラッグ、医薬上の活性代謝産物及び医薬上許容される塩にも関する。式Iの化合物を製造する好適な方法も記載している。
R1は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はヘテロアリール基、又は、式CH=CH−R3若しくはCH=N−R3の基(式中、R3は、置換若しくは不置換のアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アリール基又はヘテロアリール基である)であり;
R2は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はY−Ar(式中、Yは、O、S、C=CH2、C=O、S=O、SO2、CH2、CHCH3、NH又はN−(C1−C8アルキル)基であり、Arは置換又は不置換のアリール基である)である;
の化合物に関する。
本発明は、式I(a)の化合物の医薬上許容されるプロドラッグ、医薬上の活性代謝産物及び医薬上許容される塩にも関する。式I(a)の化合物を製造する好適な方法も記載されている。
R1は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はヘテロアリール基、又は、式CH=CH−R3若しくはCH=N−R3の基(式中、R3は、置換若しくは不置換のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アリール基又はヘテロアリール基である)であり;
R4及びR7は、それぞれ独立して、水素、OH、ハロ基、C1−C8アルキル基、C1−C8アルコキシル基、C1−C8アルケニル基、アリールオキシ基、チオアリール基、CH2−OH、CH2−O−(C1−C8アルキル)基、CH2−O−アリール、CH2−S−(C1−C8アルキル)基、CH2−S−アリール基であり;
R5及びR6は、それぞれ独立して、水素、OH、ハロ基、Z−アルキル基、Z−アリール基、又は、Z−CH2CH=CH2(式中、Zは、O、S、NH又はCH2であり、Z−アルキル基及びZ−アリール基のアルキル基及びアリール基はそれぞれ任意に置換されているものである)である;
の化合物、並びに、その医薬上許容されるプロドラッグ、医薬上の活性代謝産物及び医薬上許容される塩に関する。
式IIの好ましい実施形態において:R1は、置換若しくは不置換の2環ヘテロアリール、又は、式CH=CH−R3の基(式中、R3は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はヘテロアリール基である)であり;R4及びR7は、それぞれ独立して、水素又はC1−C8アルキル基であり;そして、R5及びR6は、それぞれ独立して、ハロ基、Z−アルキル基又はZ−CH2CH=CH2(式中、Zは、O又はSである)である。
R1は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はヘテロアリール基、又は、式CH=CH−R3若しくはCH=N−R3の基(式中、R3は、置換若しくは不置換のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アリール基又はヘテロアリール基である)であり;
Yは、O、S、C=CH2、C=O、S=O、SO2、CH2、CHCH3、NH又はN−(C1−C8アルキル)基であり;
R8は、置換若しくは不置換のアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アルコキシル基又はアリールオキシ基であり;
R10は、水素、ハロゲン及び低級アルキル基から独立して選択されるものである;
のもの、並びに、その医薬上許容されるプロドラッグ、医薬上許容される代謝産物及び医薬上許容される塩に関する。
さらに好ましくは、式IIIにおいて:R1は、置換若しくは不置換の2環ヘテロアリール基、又は、式CH=CH−R3(式中、R3は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はヘテロアリール基である)の基であり;Yは、O、S、C=CH2、C=O、NH又はN−(C1−C8アルキル)基であり;
R8は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アルキル基、アルケニル基(式中R10は、水素又はハロゲンである)である。
R1は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はヘテロアリール基、又は、式CH=CH−R3若しくはCH=N−R3の基(式中、R3は、置換若しくは不置換のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アリール基又はヘテロアリール基である)であり;
Yは、O、S、C=CH2、C=O、S=O、SO2、CH2、CHCH3、NH又はN−(C1−C8アルキル)基であり;
R8は、置換若しくは不置換のアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アルコキシル基又はアリールオキシ基である;
のもの、並びに、その医薬上許容されるプロドラッグ、医薬上許容される代謝産物及び医薬上許容される塩に関する。
より好ましくは、式III(a)において:R1は、置換若しくは不置換の2環ヘテロアリール基、又は、式CH=CH−R3の基(式中、R3は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はヘテロアリール基である)であり;Yは、O、S、C=CH2、C=O、NH又はN−(C1−C8アルキル)基であり;R8は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はヘテロアリール基である。
R1は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はヘテロアリール基、又は、式CH=CH−R3若しくはCH=N−R3(式中、R3は、置換若しくは不置換のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アリール基又はヘテロアリール基である)であり;
Yは、O、S、C=CH2、C=O、S=O、SO2、CH2、CHCH3、NH又はN−(C1−C8アルキル)基であり;
R9は、置換若しくは不置換のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アルコキシル基、アリールオキシ基、シクロアルコキシル基、NH−(C1−C8アルキル)基、NH−(アリール)基、NH−(ヘテロアリール)基、N=CH−(アルキル)基、NH(C=O)R11基又はNH2(式中、R11は、水素、置換若しくは不置換のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アリール基及びヘテロアリール基から独立して選択されるものである)であり;
R10は、水素、ハロゲン及び低級アルキル基から独立して選択されるものである;
のもの、並びに、その医薬上許容されるプロドラッグ、医薬上許容される代謝産物及び医薬上許容される塩に関する。
本発明は、式I、II、III若しくはIVの化合物、又は、その医薬上許容されるプロドラック、医薬上の活性代謝産物若しくは医薬上許容される塩を投与することによって、VEGF−R、FGF−R、CDK複合体、CHK1、LCK、TEK、FAK及び/又はホスホリラーゼキナーゼのキナーゼ活性を調節及び/又は阻害する方法にも関する。選択的キナーゼ活性を有する−すなわち、1つ又は複数の特定のキナーゼに対し著しい活性を有する一方で、1つ又は複数の別のキナーゼに対して、より少ない又は最小の活性を有する−本発明の化合物は好ましい。本発明のある好ましい実施形態において、本発明の化合物は、FGF−R1受容体チロシンキナーゼに対するよりVEGF受容体チロシンキナーゼに対して著しく高い効能を有する式Iの化合物である。本発明は、FGF受容体チロシンキナーゼ活性を有為に調節することなく、VEGF受容体チロシンキナーゼ活性を調節する方法にも関する。
式I、II、III及びIVの発明の化合物は、プロテインキナーゼ活性を媒介するのに有用である。さらに詳しくは、化合物は抗腫瘍起因性血管形成薬剤、並びに、プロテインキナーゼ活性を調整及び/又は阻害する、すなわち、ガン又はプロテインキナーゼにより媒介された細胞増殖に関連するその他の疾患の処置を付与するための薬剤として有用である。
本明細書において使用される「アルキル基」と言う用語は、1〜12の炭素原子を有する直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基を表す。典型的なアルキル基として、メチル基(Me)、エチル基、n−プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec−ブチル基、tert−ブチル基(t−Bu)、ペンチル基、イソペンチル基、tert−ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、イソヘキシル基などが挙げられる。「低級アルキル基」と言う用語は、1〜8の炭素原子を含有するアルキル基(C1-8−アルキル基)を表す。適した置換アルキル基として、フルオロメチル基、ジフルオロメチル基、トリフルオロメチル基、2−フルオロエチル基、3−フルオロプロピル基、ヒドロキシメチル基、2−ヒドロキシエチル基、3−ヒドロキシプロピル基等が挙げられる。
「アルケニル基」と言う用語は、2〜12の炭素原子を有する直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルケニル基を表す。例示的なアルケニル基として、2−プロペニル、2−ブテニル基、3−ブテニル基、2−メチル−2−プロペニル基、2−ヘキセニル基などが挙げられる。
「アルキニル基」と言う用語は、2〜12の炭素原子を有する直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキニルを表す。
「アリール基」及び「ヘテロアリール基」と言う用語は、単環式及び多環式の不飽和又は芳香族の環構造を表し、「アリール基」は炭素環であるものを表し、「ヘテロアリール基」は複素環であるものを表す。芳香族環構造の例として、フェニル基、ナフチル基、1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロナフチル基、フリル基、チエニル基、ピロリル基、ピリジニル基、ピリゾイル基、イミダゾイル基、ピラジニル基、ピリダジニル基、1,2,3−トリアジニル基、1,2,4−オキサジアゾイル基、1,3,4−オキサジアゾイル基、1−H−テトラゾール−5−イル、インドールイル基、キノリニル基、ベンゾフラニル基、ベンゾチオフェニル基(チアナフテニル基)等が挙げられる。上記基は、例えば、O−CH2−O等の、結合環構造又は架橋構造により任意に置換されてよい。
「アリールオキシ基」と言う用語は、−O−アリール基を表し、式中アリール基は上記定義したものである。
「シクロアルコキシル基」と言う用語は、−O−シクロアルキル基を表し、式中シクロアルキル基は上記定義したものである。
「ハロゲン」と言う用語は、塩素、フッ素、臭素又はヨウ素を表す。「ハロ」はクロロ、フルオロ、ブロモ又はヨードを表す。
一般的に、式中の不特定基となる様々な基又は官能基は、1つ又は複数の適した置換基により任意に置換されうる。
例となる置換基として、ハロゲン(F,Cl,Br又はI)、低級アルキル基、−OH、−NO2、−CN、−CO2H、−O−低級アルキル基、−アリール基、−アリール−低級アルキル基、−CO2CH3、−CONH2、−OCH2CONH2、−NH2、−SO2NH2、ハロアルキル基(例えば、−CF3、−CH2CF3)、−O−ハロアルキル基(例えば、−OCF3、−OCHF2)などが挙げられる。
「を含有する(comprising)」及び「が挙げられる(including)」と言う用語は、制約のない、制限のない意味で使用される。
式Iの化合物は、互変異性体の現象を示しうる一方で、本明細書中の式の図は、あり得る互変異性体型の1つのみを、特に示したものである。それゆえ、本発明内で、式は、何らかの図式化した化合物の互変異性体型を表すことを意図したものであり、式の図により記載された特定の互変異性体型に単に制限されるものでない。
当業者によって一般的に理解されるものとして、1つのキラル中心を有する光学的に純粋な化合物は、2つのあり得るエナンチオマーのうちの1つから本質的になるもの(すなわち、エナンチオマーとして純粋なもの)であり、1つ以上のキラル中心を有する光学的に純粋な化合物は、ジアステレオマーとして純粋であり、エナンチオマーとしても純粋なものである。好ましくは、本発明の化合物は少なくとも90%光学的に純粋な型、すなわち、少なくとも90%(80%エナンチオマー過剰(“e.e.”)又はジアステレオマー過剰(“d.e.”))の単一異性体、より好ましくは、少なくとも95%(90%e.e.又はd.e.)の単一異性体、さらにより好ましくは、少なくとも97.5%(95%e.e.又はd.e.)の単一異性体、最も好ましくは、少なくとも99%(98%e.e.又はd.e.)の単一異性体を含有する型で使用される。
更に、式は定義した構造の溶媒和型及び不溶媒和型を包含することが意図されている。例えば、式Iとして、水和型及び非水和型の両方で示唆した構造の化合物が挙げられる。その他の溶媒和物の例として、イソプロパノール、エタノール、メタノール、DMSO、酢酸エチル、酢酸又はエタノールアミンと組み合わせた構造が挙げられる。
「医薬上許容されるプロドラック」は、生理学的条件下又は可溶媒分解で特定化した化合物又は上記化合物の医薬上許容される塩に変換されてよい化合物である。
「医薬上の活性代謝産物」は、特定化した化合物又はその塩の体内における代謝で製造される生理学的活性産物を意味することが意図されている。化合物の代謝産物は、技術上知られている慣例の技術を使用して識別されてよく、その活性は明細書に記載した試験を使用して測定されてよい。
化合物のプロドラック及び活性代謝産物は、技術上既知の慣例的な技術を使用して識別されうる。参照、例えば、Bertolini,G.et al.,J.Med.Chem., 40,2011−2016(1997);Shan,D.et al., J.Pharm.Sci.,86(7)765−767;Bagshawa K.,Drug Dev. Res.,34,220−230(1995);Bodor,N.,Advances in Drug Res., 13,224−331(1984);Bundgaard,H.,Design of Prodrugs (Elsevier Press 1985):及び、Larsen, I.K., Design and Application of Prodrugs, Drug Design and Development (Krogsgaard−Larsen et al., eds., Harwood Academic Publishers,1991)。
本発明の化合物が酸である場合、望ましい医薬上許容される塩は、いずれかの適した方法、例えば、(1級、2級又は3級)アミン、アルカリ金属水酸化物又はアルカリ土類金属水酸化物等の無機塩基又は有機塩基での遊離酸の処理により調製されてよい。適した塩の例示例として、グリシン及びアルギニン等のアミノ酸、アンモニア、1級アミン、2級アミン及び3級アミン、並びに、ピペリジン、モルホリン及びピペラジン等の環状アミンから誘導される有機塩、並びに、ナトリウム、カルシウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、マンガン、鉄、銅、亜鉛、アルミニウム及びリチウムから誘導される無機塩が挙げられる。
固体である薬剤の場合、当業者は本発明の化合物及び塩は、様々な結晶型又は多形性型で存在してもよく、その全ては、本発明及び特定化した式の範疇内にあることが意図されている。
本発明の薬剤は、下記の反応経路及び合成スキームを使用して、利用しやすい開始物質を使用する技術上利用しやすい方法を用いて調製されてよい。
ある一般合成プロセスにおいて、式Iの化合物は、以下の反応スキームに従い調製される:
発明の式Iの化合物は、以下のスキームで示された一般的な方法に従い調製されてもよい:
代替的に、R2は置換又は不置換のY−Ar(式中、YはO又はSである)である場合、式Iの化合物は、以下の一般スキームに従って調製されてよい:
式XVIのケトンを、適した塩基(M−B)、好ましくはリチウムビス(トリメチルシリル)アミンで反応させてよく、R1−CO−X(式中、X=ハロゲン)で反応させ、標準的な酸処理及び精製をして、式XVIIの化合物を得てよい。
HOAc/EtOH中にあるこの生成物を、ヒドラジン1水和物と合わせて、適した温度で好適な時間、好ましくは60〜80℃で2〜4時間加熱する。冷却後、混合液を飽和二炭酸ナトリウム溶液に注ぎ、有機溶媒で抽出して、濃縮し、シリカゲルで精製して、式XVIIIの化合物を得る。
式XVIIIの化合物を、様々な既知の方法を使用して酸化し、式Iの化合物を得てよい。
発明の薬剤は、活性成分として治療上有効な量の薬剤(例えば式Iの化合物)と、従来の方法に従った好適な医薬基剤又は賦形剤とを組み合わせて調製される従来の投薬量型で投与される。この手法は、必要な調製に好適な成分を、攪拌、粉砕、及び、圧縮又は溶解することを伴ってよい。
様々な医薬型が使用されうる。すなわち、固体基剤が使用される場合、調剤は、錠剤化して、粉末型若しくはペレット型、又は、トローチ型若しくはトローチ剤型で硬ゼラチンカプセル中に配置されてよい。固体基剤の量は変化してよいが、一般に約25mg〜約1gであろう。液体基剤を使用する場合、調剤はシロップ型、エマルション型、軟ゼラチンカプセル型、アンプル又は容器中の滅菌注入溶液型若しくは懸濁液型、又は、非水溶性液体懸濁液型にされよう。
適した水溶性投薬量型を得る為に、本発明の薬剤の医薬上許容される塩は、コハク酸又はクエン酸の0.3M溶液等、有機酸又は無機酸の水溶液中に溶解される。可溶塩型が利用できない場合、薬剤は適した共溶媒又は共溶媒の組み合わせ中に溶解されてよい。適した共溶媒の例として、総体積の0〜60%範囲の濃度である、アルコール、プロピレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール300、ポリソルベート80、グリセリン等が挙げられるが、限定されない。例示的な実施形態において、式Iの化合物はDMSO中に溶解され、水に希釈される。組成物は、水又は等張圧食塩水又はデキストロース溶液等の好適な水溶性賦形剤中にある活性成分の塩型の溶液型でもよい。
本発明の組成物は、例えば混合、攪拌、粉砕、糖衣錠製造、糊状化、乳化、カプセル封入化、封入又は凍結乾燥等の従来の技術を使用して、医薬組成物を調製するのに一般的に知られた方法で製造されてよい。医薬組成物は、活性化合物を医薬上使用されうる調剤に加工することを容易にする補形薬又は補助剤から選択されてよい生理学的に許容される基剤を1つ又は複数使用した従来の方法で処方されうる。
経口投与の為に、化合物は活性化合物と技術上既知の医薬上許容される基剤とを組み合わせて容易に処方されうる。上記基剤によって、本発明の化合物は、錠剤、ピル、糖衣錠、カプセル、液体、ジェル、シロップ、スラリー、懸濁液等として、処置すべき患者による経口摂取のために処方されることが可能となる。経口使用のための医薬調剤は、活性成分(薬剤)と混合して固体補形薬を使用し、任意に得られた混合物を粉砕して、そして必要な場合、適した補助薬を添加した後、粉末混合物を加工して、錠剤内殻又は糖衣錠内殻を得ることによって得られうる。適した補形薬として;ラクトース、スクロース、マンニトール又はソルビトール等、糖等のフィラー;例えば大豆デンプン、小麦デンプン、米デンプン、イモデンプン、ゼラチン、ゴム、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチル−セルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム、又は、ポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)等のセルロース調剤が挙げられる。必要な場合、架橋ポリビニルピロリドン、寒天、アルギン酸又はアルギン酸ナトリウム等のそれらの塩等、分解剤を添加してよい。
糖衣錠内殻は、適したコーティングと一緒に付与される。この目的の為に、任意にアラビアゴム、ポリビニルピロリドン、カーボポールジェル(Carbopol gel)、ポリエチレングリコール及び/若しくは二酸化チタン、ラッカー溶液、並びに、適した有機溶媒又は溶媒混合液を任意に含有してよい濃縮糖溶液が使用されうる。色素又は顔料を、活性剤の識別又は様々な組み合わせを特徴付けるために、錠剤又は糖衣錠のコーティングへ添加されてよい。
鼻腔内又は吸入投与のため、本発明の使用のための化合物は、例えばジクロロジフロオロメタン、トリクロロフロオロメタン、ジクロロテトラフロオロメタン、二酸化炭素又はその他の適したガス等の適した高圧ガスを使用して、圧縮化パック又はネブライザーからのエアゾールスプレー押し出し型で一般的に運ばれる。
圧縮化エアゾールの場合、投薬量単位は、計量した量を運ぶバブルを付与して決定してよい。吸入器又は吹き入れ器等の中で使用するゼラチンのカプセル及び薬包は、化合物の粉末混合及びラクトース又はデンプン等の適した粉末主剤を含有して処方されうる。
化合物は、巨丸注入又は連続注入等の注入による非経口投与で投与されてよい。注入の為の処方は、例えばアンプル又は多投薬量容器中で保存剤を追加して単位投薬量型で供してよい。組成物は、油状賦形剤又は水溶性賦形剤中で懸濁液、溶液、又はエマルション等の型にしてよく、また懸濁剤、安定化剤及び/又は分散剤等の処方剤を含有してよい。
眼への投与の為、式I、II、III又はIVの化合物は、前部小室、後部小室、硝子体、水様液、硝子液、角膜、虹彩/毛様体、水晶体、脈絡膜/網膜及びセレラ(selera)等、眼の角膜部分及び内部部分を化合物が浸透するのを可能とするのに充分な時間、眼の表面と接触し続けるような、医薬上許容される眼賦形剤中に運ばれる。医薬上許容される眼賦形剤は、軟膏、野菜油又はカプセル封入物質でよい。本発明の化合物は硝子液及び水様液中へ直接注入されてもよい。
代替的に、活性成分は、使用前に、例えば滅菌無発熱物質水等の適した賦形剤で構築用の粉末型にしてよい。例えば、ココア・バター又はその他のグリセリド等、従来の座薬主剤を含有する座薬又は停留浣腸剤等の直腸組成物中に化合物を処方してもよい。
疎水性化合物用の医薬主剤は、ベンジルアルコール、非極性界面活性剤、水混和性有機ポリマー及び水相を含有する共溶媒系である。共溶媒系は、VPD共溶媒系でよい。VPDは、3%w/vベンジルアルコール、8%w/v非極性界面活性剤ポリソルベート80、及び、65%w/vポリエチレングリコール300、残りは無水エタノールでメスアップした溶液である。VPD共溶媒系(VPD:5W)は、水溶液中に5%デキストロースで1:1に希釈したVPDを含有する。この共溶媒系は、疎水性化合物によく溶解し、それ自体は全身投与において低毒性を示す。本来、共溶媒系の割合は、その溶解性及び毒性の性質を損なうことなく大きく変化されてよい。その上、共溶媒組成物の特性は変化されうる:例えば、別の低毒性非極性界面活性剤は、ポリソルベート80の代わりに使用されてよい;ポリエチレングリコールの分画サイズは変更されてよい;その他の生物適合性ポリマーをポリエチレングリコール、例えばポリビニルピロリドンに置換してよい;そして、その他の糖又は多糖をデキストロースに置換してよい。
医薬組成物は、適した固体相若しくはゲル相の主剤又は賦形剤も含有してもよい。上記主剤又は賦形剤の例として、炭酸カルシウム、リン酸カルシウム、糖、デンプン、セルロース誘導体、ゼラチン及びポリエチレングリコール等のポリマー等が挙げられる。
本発明の化合物で医薬上適合性のある対カチオンとの塩として付与してよいものがある。医薬上適合性のある塩は、塩酸、硫酸,酢酸、乳酸、酒石酸、リンゴ酸、クエン酸等の多くの酸で形成されてよい。塩は、該当する遊離塩基型より水溶液又はその他のプロトン性溶媒中でより溶解しやすい傾向がある。
本発明の好ましい化合物の調製は、以下の実施例中で詳細に記載しているが、記載の化学反応は、多数の本発明のその他のプロテインキナーゼ阻害剤を調製するのに容易に適用されてよいことを、当業者は認識するであろう。例えば、干渉基を適当に保護、技術上知られている別の適した試薬に変更、又は、反応条件に慣例の改良を講じる等、当業者に明らかな改良により、本発明の例示されていない化合物の合成を首尾よく行うことができる。代替的に、明細書開示又は技術上知られている別の反応は、別の本発明の化合物の調製への適用性を有するものとして認識されよう。
加水分解は、実施例に記載の圧力又は常圧で行なった。
3−[E−2−(3,4−ジメトキシ−フェニル)ビニル]−6−(3−メトキシ−4−ヒドロキシ−フェニル)−1H−インダゾール
開始物質を以下のようにして調製した:
メシチレンスルホニルクロライド(6.60g、30.1mmol、1当量)を1度に添加して、アイスバスから取り出し、反応混合液を23℃にした。40分後、混合液を飽和アンモニウムクロライドで停止して、水及び酢酸エチルで分画した。水相を酢酸エチルで全部で3回抽出した。合わせた有機物質を食塩水で洗浄して、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥して減圧下で濃縮して、6−ヨード−1−(2,4,6−トリメチル−ベンゼンスルホニル)−1H−インダゾールをオレンジ色固体(12.8g、収率100%、2:1混合液)として得た:1HNMR(CDCl3)8.51(s,1H),7.95(s,0.66H,major isomer),7.91(s,0.33H,minor isomer),7.47(d,0.33H,J=8.4Hz),7.29(d,0.33H,J=8.4Hz),7.26(d,0.66H,J=8.9Hz),7.18(d,0.66H,8.9Hz),6.84(s,2H),2.51(s,6H),2.15(s,3H).
開始物質を以下のようにして調製した:
6−(4−ベンジルオキシ−3−メトキシ−フェニル)−3−ヨード−1−(2,4,6−トリメチル−ベンゼンスルホニル)−1H−インダゾールを、実施例1(a)ステップ(i)〜(v)に記載と同様の方法で調製した。
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のように調製した。
開始物質を以下のように調製した。
(i)攪拌した3−クロロ−シクロへキ−2−セノン(3.00g,23.0mmol)及びフェノール(2.6g,23.0mmol)の25mLアセトン溶液へ、粉末化無水K2CO3(3.81g,27.6mmol)を添加した。18時間還流後、混合液を冷却して、濾過した。濾液を減圧下で濃縮して、ヘキサン/酢酸エチル(4:1)で溶出して、3−フェノキシ−シクロへキ−2−セノンを白色固体として得た:1HNMR(CDCl3)δ2.10(quint,2H,J=6.3Hz),2.40(t,2H,J=6.2Hz),2.68(t,2H,J=6.3Hz),5.14(s,1H),7.05(d,2H,J=7.5Hz),7.26(t,1H,J=7.3Hz),7.41(t,2H,J=7.6Hz).
(iii)攪拌した3−フェノキシ−6−(3−フェニル−アクリロイル)−シクロヘキ−2−セノン(1.13g,3.55mmol)の20mLの酢酸エチル溶液へ、ヒドラジンモノヒドレート(.21mL、4.3mmol)を添加した。反応液を70℃、3時間加熱して、冷却し、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウムを慎重に注入して、酢酸エチルで抽出した(×2)。合わせた有機層を飽和塩化ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄して、乾燥し(硫酸マグネシウム)、減圧下で濃縮した。残渣をヘキサン/酢酸エチル(2:1)を溶出しシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーして、6−フェノキシ−3−スチリル−4,5−ジヒドロ−1H−インダゾール(3)をオフホワイト色固体(406mg、36%)として得た:1HNMR(DMSO−d6)δ2.64(t,2H,J=8.0Hz),2.95(t,2H,J=8.0Hz),5.46(s,1H),7.04(AB,2H,J=16.8Hz),7.15(d,2H,J=8.1Hz),7.25(m,2H),7.42(m,4H),7.55(d,2H,J=7.7Hz),12.44(s,1H).Anal.Calc.for C2H18N2O・0.2H2O:C,79.32;H,5.83,N,8.81.Found:C,79.36;H,5.85;N,8.84.
開始物質3−(E−スチリル)−6−[3−(メトキシメトキシ)フェノキシ]−1H−インダゾールを実施例8(b)記載のように調製した。
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
2つのカラムを使用してシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーによる精製(5:95酢酸エチル−ヘキサン;12mLシリカ;及び1:99酢酸エチル−ベンゼン;12mLシリカ)により、6−(1−フェニル−ビニル)−3−スチリル−1−[2−(トリメチル−シラニル)−エトキシメチル]−1H−インダゾール(16.2mg,51%)を得た:Rfsm0.38,p0.29(酢酸エチル−ヘキサン1:9);1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.98(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.62−7.22(m,14H),5.71(s,2H),5.57(s,2H),3.60(t,2H,J=8.2Hz),0.90(t,2H,J=8.2Hz),−.08(s,9H);HRMS(FAB)[m+H]/z Calc’d453.2362,Found453.2354.
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
13CNMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ148.3,145.0,141.3,138.1,134.2,130.5,129.9,129.8,129.5,128.1,127.4,123.2,119.8,117.8,108.2,79.7,68.5,19.2,0.0;MS(FAB)[M+Na]/z Calc’d418,found418.Anal.Calc’d:C,63.77;H,6.37;N,10.62.Found:C,64.04;H,6.29;N,10.56.
MS(FAB)[M+H]/z Calc’d366,found366.
アミンを油状物(367mg,収率82%)として得た:TLC(ヘキサン:EtOAc7:3)Rfsm0.29,Rfp0.39(酢酸エチル:ヘキサン3:7);FTIR(KBr)2951,2894,1611,1528,1485,1348,1248,1077cm−1;1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.99(d,1H,J=8.67Hz)7.77(t,1H,J=2.25Hz),7.72(dd,1H,J=0.79,2.09Hz),7.60,(d,2H,J=7.22Hz),7.26−7.54(m,7H),7.19(dd,1H,J=0.78,2.41Hz)7.07(dd,1H,J=1.85,8.69Hz),5.70(s,2H),3.63(t,2H,J=8.10Hz),3.48(s,3H),0.92(t,2E,J=8.10Hz),−0.04(s,9H);13CNMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ150.2,149.6,147.1,143.5,142.5,137.3,131.9,129.8,129.0,128.2,126.8,123.1,122.6,120.2,120.0,119.7,114.4,111.4,104.5,78.0,66.8,41.1,18.0,−1.2;LCMS(ESI)[M+H]/z Calc’d501,Found510.
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
MS(ESI)[M+H]/z Calc’d 325,found 325.Anal.Calc’d:C,81.46;H,4.97;N,8.46.Found:C,80.36;H,5.16;N,8.51.
開始物質は以下のように調整した:
プールしたEtOACを食塩水で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させ、減圧下でデカンテーションして濃縮した。この粗成物混合液をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン:EtOAC=4:1で溶出する)で精製し、フェニル−{3−スチリル−1−[2−(トリメチル−シラニル)−エトキシメチル]−1H−インダゾール−6−イル}−メタノールを得た(68mg,収率50%)。
Rfsm=0.72;Rfp=0.39(7:3 hexane:EtOAc);FTIR(thin film)3368,2952,2893,1621,1478,1449,1374,1307,1249,1216,1078,960,859,835cm−1.MS(ESI)[M+H]/z Calc’d 457,found 457.
Rfsm=0.41,Rfp=0.63(7:3 hexane:EtOAc);FTIR(thin film)3059,2952,2894,1659,1474,1448,1307,1249,1078,836,649cm−1.MS(ESI)[M+H]/z Calc’d 455,found 455.
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.07(dd,1H,J=0.71,8.50Hz),7.91(s,1H),7.64(dd,1H,J=1.35,8.48Hz),7.54−7.60(m,2H),7.46(d,2H,J=2.84Hz),7.35−7.40(m,2H),7.22−7.31(m,2H),7.16−7.13(m,2H),6.91(ddd,1H,J=1.08,7.89Hz).LCMS(ESI)[M+H]/z Calc’d 340,found 340.
開始物質は以下のように調整した:
た。
Rfsm=0.71,Rfp=0.25(7:3 hexane:EtOAc);FTIR(thin film)3369,3061,2952,2894,2361,1620,1578,1530,1478,1449,1350,1308,1249,1215,1080,961,859cm−1;1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.35(s,1H),8.14(dd,1H,J=1.34,8.14Hz),7.99(d,1H,J=8.38Hz),7.76(d,1H,J=7.72Hz),7.68(s,1H),7.59−7.30(m,8H),7.21(d,1H,J=8.33Hz),6.09(s,1H),5.73(s,2H),3.61(t,2H,J=8.30Hz),090(t,2H,J=8.30Hz),−0.06(s,9H).13CNMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ148.5,145.9,143.4,142.4,141.3,137.1,132.7,132.0,129.5,128.9,128.2,126.7,122.6,122.6,121.8,121.5,120.8,119.6,107.8,77.7,75.4,66.8,17.8,−1.3.Anal.Calc’d:C,67.04;H,6.23;N,8.38.Found:C,66.93;H,6.20;N,8.41.
Rfsm=0.46,Rfp=0.23(7:3 hexane:EtOAc);FTIR(thin film)3082,2952,2894,1665,1613,1532,1476,1349,1298,1250,1080,836,718cm−1;LCMS(ESI)[M+H]/z Calc’d.500,found 500.
LCMS(ESI)[M+H]/z Calc’d 340,found 340.
Rfsm=0.16,Rfp=0.35(8:2 CH2Cl2:EtOAc);LCMS(ESI)[M+H]/z Calc’d 382,found 382.Anal.Calc’d:C,75.57;H,5.02;N,11.02.Found:C,74.32;H,5.41;N,10.54.
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.40(s,1H),8.02(d,1H,J=8.49Hz),7.98(d,1H,J=1.01Hz),7.95(s,1H),7.95(s,1H),7.83−7.88(m,3H),7.65(dd,1H,J=1.04,8.48Hz),7.29−7.56(m,11H).MS(ESI)[M+H]/z Calc’d 444,found 444.Anal.Calc’d:C,78.54;H,4.77;N,9.47.Found:C,78.01;H,4.87;N,9.32.
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ8.37(d,1H,J=8.48Hz),7.98(s,1H),7.88(s,1H),7.79(s,1H),7.75(d,2H,J=7.44Hz),7.61(d,2H,J=1.81Hz),7.58(s,1H),7.51(t,1H,J=7.79Hz),7.42(t,5H,J=6.56Hz),7.31−7.37(m,4H),5.16(s,2H);LCMS(ESI)[M+H]/z Calc’d 474,found 474.Anal.Calc’d:C,76.09;H,4.90;N,8.87.Found:C,73.82;H,4.93;N,8.27.
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.15(d,1H,J=8.49Hz),8.09(t,1H,J=1.86Hz),8.04(dd,1H,J=1.0,7.98Hz),7.99(s,1H),7.75(dd,1H,J=1.31,8.47Hz),7.67(s,1H),7.63(d,2H,J=7.30Hz),7.54−7.58(m,3H),7.50(s,1H),7.42(t,3H,J=8.09Hz);LCMS(ESI)[M+H]/z Calc’d 465,found 465.
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ9.22(s,1H),8.99(d,1H,J=0.59Hz),8.67(s,1H),8.24(s,1H),8.16(d,1H,J=8.32Hz),2.97(dd,1H,J=8.3Hz,J=0.94Hz),7.72(d,1H,J=16.65Hz),7.64(d,2H,J=7.21Hz),7.19−7.47(m,8H),6.95(d,1H,J=6.43Hz),2.49(s,3H).MS(ESI+)[M+H]/z Calc’d 459,found 459.Anal.Calc’d:C,75.97.H,4.84.N,12.22.Found:C,75.86.H,4.94.N,12.10.
LCMS(ESI+)[M+H]/z Calc’d 483,found 483.Anal.Calc’d:C,77.16;H,4.60;N,11.61.Found:C,76.15;H,4.49;N,11.31.
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.50(dd,1H,J=4.86Hz,J=0.91Hz),8.37(d,1H,J=8.51Hz),8.09(s,1H),7.94(d,1H,J=7.89Hz),7.87(s,1H),7.73−7.79(m,3H),7.25−7.60(m,10H)3.86(s,2H).MS(ESI)[M+H]/z Calc’d 459,found 459.Anal.Calc’d:C,75.97.H,4.84.N,12.22.Found:C,74.70.H,4.83.N,11.99.
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ8.38(d,1H,J=8.13Hz),8.08(t,1H),7.96(s,1H,J=7.8Hz,J=1.91Hz),7.88(s,1H),7.75(d,2H,J=7.25Hz),7.61(d,2H,2.05Hz),7.40−7.58(m,5H),7.31(m,1H),2.60(m,1H,J=6.82Hz),1.1(d,6H,J=6.82Hz).(MS(ESI+)[M+Na]/z Calc’d 432,found 432.Anal.Calc’d:C,76.26.H,5.66.N,10.26.Found:C,75.14.H,5.62.N,10.08.
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.5(s,1H),10.6(s,1H),8.66(d,1H,J=7.66Hz),8.36(d,1H,J=8.47Hz),8.07(s,1H),7.92(d,1H,J=7.63Hz),7.86(s,1H),7.75(d,2H,J=7.33Hz),7.29−7.60(m,13H),5.61(d,1H,J=7.6Hz),1.92(s,3H).LCMS(ESI+)[M+H]/z Calc’d 515,found 515.Anal.Calc’d:C,74.69.H,5.09.N,10.89.Found:C,73.01.H,5.01.
N,10.60.
MS(ESI+)[M+Na]/z Calc’d 467,found 467.Anal.Calc’d:C,75.66;H,4.54;N,12.60.Found:C,74.17;H,4.62;N,12.31.
MS(ESI+)[M+Na]/z Calc’d 467,found 467.Anal.Calc’d:C,75.66;H,4.54;N,12.60.Found:C,74.17;H,4.61;N,12.44.
MS(ESI+)[M+H]/z Calc’d 435,found 435.Anal.Calc’d:C,71.88;H,4.18;N,12.90.Found:C,71.36;H,4.33;N,12.47.
MS(ESI+)[M+Na]/z Calc’d 501,found 501.
MS(ESI+)[M+H]/z Calc’d 479,found 479.Anal.Calc’d:C,70.22;H,4.00;N,11.70.Found:C,70.07;H,4.09;N,11.64.
MS(ESI+)[M+H]/z Calc’d 479,found 479.
MS(ESI+)[M+H]/z Calc’d 487,found 487.Anal.Calc’d:C,76.52;H,5.39;N,11.51.Found:C,74.99;H,5.76;N,10.89.
開始物質は以下のように調整した:
MS(ESI+)[M+H]/z Calc’d 587,found 587.
Rfsm 0.65,p 0.35(10% methanol in dichloromethane);1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.81(d,1H,J=8.5Hz),7.59(bs,1H),7.48−7.0(m,13H),1.98(s,3H);HRMS(FAB)[M+Na]/z Calc’d408.1147,found 408.1156.
開始物質は以下のように調整した:
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.93(m,2H),7.79(m,2H),7.62(s,1H),7.5−7.3(m,5H),7.22(d,1H),5.68(s,2H),3.55(t,2H,J=8.2Hz),0.87(t,2H,J=8.2Hz),−.06(s,9H);HRMS(FAB)[M+Cs]/z Calc’d 759.9563,found 759.9571.
ホウ素試薬は以下のように調整した:10mLシュレンクフラスコ内で3−フタルアミド−チオフェノールを高真空にして乾燥させた。ここに9−BBN(THF中0.5M,1.6mL,1.0等量)の溶液を加えた。この混合液を2時間55℃に熱した。揮発性物質を70℃、1.5時間アルゴン蒸気下で除去した。
この残渣をさらなる操作無しで使用した。
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.93(m,3H),7.78(m 2H),7.7(s,1H),7.58(m,2H),7.47−7.26(m,10H),5.71(s,2H),3.59(t,2H,J=8.2Hz),0.89(t,2H,J=8.2Hz),−0.06(s,9H);HRMS(FAB)[M+Cs]/z Calc’d 736.1066,found 736.1058.
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.92(d,1H,J=8.5Hz),7.57(m,3H),7.49(d,1H,J=16.8Hz),7.4−7.25(m,4H),7.23(dd,1H,J=1.5,8.5Hz),7.11(t,1H,J=7.9Hz),6.79(m,1H),6.70(t,1H,J=1.9Hz),6.59(m,1H),5.66(s,2H),3.60(bs,2H),3.59(t,2H,J=8.2Hz),0.90(t,2H,J=8.2Hz),−0.05(s,9H);HRMS(FAB)[M+H]/z Calc’d 474.2035,found 474.2019.
Rfsm 0.33,Rfp 0.18(ethyl acetate−hexane 3:7);1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.94(d,1H),7.65−7.1(m,13H),5.70(s,2H),3.62(t,2H,J=8.2Hz),2.18(s,3H),0.93(t,2H,J=8.2Hz),−0.05(s,9H).
HRMS(FAB)[M+Cs]/z Calc’d 648.1117,found 648.1098.
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.03(s,1H),7.73(d,1H,J=8.5Hz),7.63(m,2H).7.47(m,1H),7.42(t,1H,J=1.9Hz),7.37(m,3H),7.31(m,1H),7.28−6.98(m,9H);HRMS(FAB)[M+H]/z Calc’d 448.1484,found 448.1490.
Rfsm 0.72,p 0.37(ethyl acetate−hexane 1:1);FTIR(thin film)3385,3169,2953,1621,1581,1489,1447,1349,1251,1165,1071,959,906,870,817cm−1;1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.98(d,1H,J=8.5Hz),7.60(m,2H),7.51(s,1H),7.48(s,1H),7.40(m,3H),7.29(m,2H),7.15(m,1H),6.78(m,1H),6.68(m,2H),5.50(s,2H),3.65(bs,2H);MS(ES)[M+H]/z Calc’d 338,found 338;MS(ES)[M−H]/z Calc’d 336,found 336.
FTIR(thin film)2951,1616,1530,1477,1448,1348,1305,1248,1217,1077,961,913,859cm−1;1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.26(t,1H,J=1.9Hz),8.21(m,1H),8.00(d,1H,J=8.5Hz),7.69(dt,1H,J=1.4,7.8),7.62−7.28(m,9H),7.19(dd,1H,J=1.4,8.4Hz),5.72(s,3H),5.69(s,1H),3.60(t,2H,J=8.2Hz),0.89(t,2H,J=8.2Hz),−0.05(s,9H);13CNMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ149.9,149.6,144.7,144.5,142.8,140.7,138.6,135.6,133.1,130.7,130.2,129.4,128.0,124.4,124.2,124.1,123.8,122.6,121.2,118.9,111.0,79.2,68.0,19.2,0.0;HRMS(FAB)[M+Na]/z Calc’d 520.2031,found 520.2046.
Rfsm 0.59,p 0.46(ethyl acetate−hexane 4:6);FTIR(thin film)3460,3366,3223,3084,3028,2952,2894,2246,1616,1601,1581,1489,1474,1448,1359,1303,1249,1217,1076,961,909,860,836,733,692cm−1;1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.96(d,1H,J=8.5Hz),7.59(m,3H),7.50(s,1H),7.46(s,1H),7.40(m,2H),7.30(m,1H),7.25(m,1H),7.14(m,1H),6.77(m,1H),6.68(m,2H);13CNMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ151.6,147.7,144.6,143.9,142.8,142.4,138.6,132.8,130.6,130.2,129.3,128.0,124.4,123.6,121.9,121.5,120.2,116.4,116.1,110.8,79.0,67.9,19.2,0.0;HRMS(FAB)[M+Na]/z Calc’d 490.2291,found 490.2302.
FTIR(thin film)3271,1673,1605,1585,1538,1486,1428,1349,1304,1090,960,907,871cm−1;1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ10.7(bs,1H),9.09(s,1H),8.0(d,1H),7.79(m,1H),7.60(m,3H),7.51(m,3H),7.44−7.15(m,7H),5.59(s,2H),2.54(s,3H);13CNMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ162.2,157.9,149.8,144.4,142.8,142.2,141.9,141.5,140.6,137.63,137.56,131.6,129.5,129.1,128.3,126.9,125.1,122.6,121.2,120.9,120.5,120.2,119.8,116.1,110.2,12.8;HRMS(FAB)[M+H]/z Calc’d 463.1593,found 463,1582.
FTIR(thin film)3243,1651,1606,1580,1538,1485,1447,1428,1349,1307,1258,1073,959,907cm−1;1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ9.09(s,1H),7.99(d,1H,J=8.5Hz),7.78(m,1H),7.60(m,3H),7.51(m,3H),7.43−7.15(m,10H),5.56(d,2H,J=3.2Hz);13CNMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ166.5,149.7,144.3,142.7,142,1,140.6,138.1,137.6,135.0,132.3,131.6,129.4,129.1,128.3,127.4,126.9,125.0,122.5,120.9,120.8,120.6,120.5,115.9,110.2;HRMS(FAB)[M+H]/z Calc’d 442.1919,found 442.1919.
FTIR(thin film)3305,1712,1606,1586,1537,1487,1445,1348,1216,1059,959,908cm−1;1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.99(d,1H,J=8.5Hz),7.6−7.0(m,18H),5.55(s,2H),5.19(s,2H);13CNMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ153.9,149.8,144.3,142.7,142.1,140.7,138.2,137.6,136.3,131.7,129.4,129.1,129.0,128.7,128.7,128.3,126.9,124.0,122.6,121.1,120.8,120.4,115.9,110.1,67.4;HRMS(FAB)[M+H]z Calc’d472.025,found472.2026.
FTIR(thin film)3252,1667,1606,1557,1486cm−1;1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ10.4(bs,1H),7.91(d,1H,J=8.5Hz),7.5−7.0(m,13H),5.47(s,2H),2.10(s,3H);MS(ES)[M+H]/z Calc’d380,found380;[M−H]/z Calc’d378,found378.
開始物質は以下のように調整した:
FTIR(thin film)3305,3059,2952,1667,1608,1585,1555,1486,1448,1433,1369,1306,1249,1076,912,859,836,748,693cm−1;1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.98(d,1H,J=8.5Hz),7.7−7.4(m,9H),7.35(m,2H),7.26(dd,1H,J=1.3,8.4Hz),7.16(bd,1H,J=7.8Hz),5.75(s,2H),5.62(s,1H),5.61(s,1H),3.66(t,2H,J=8.2Hz),2.16(s,3H),0.98(t,2H,J=8.2Hz),−0.02(s,9H);13CNMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ169.8,150.9,144.6,143.5,142.8,142.0,139.4,138.6,132.9,130.3,129.3,127.9,125.6,124.2,123.7,122.0,121.3,121.0,117.1,110.8,68.0,25.8,19.1,0.0;HRMS(FAB)[M+Na]/z Calc’d532.2396,found532.2410.
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.62(s,1H),13.05(brs,1H),9.01(s,1H),8.50(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.62(brs,2H),7.49(s,1H),7.28−7.20(m,3H),6.85(s,1H),6.74(s,1H),3.77(s,3H),2.15(s,3H).Anal.(C22H18N4O2・1.3H2O)C,H,N.Calculated:C,67.10;H,5.27;N,14.23.Found:C,67.30;H,5.27;N,14.11.
開始物質は以下のように調整した:
フラッシュクロマトグラフィー(10%〜50%エチルアセテート/ヘキサン)で精製し、純粋2−ヨード−1−[2−(トリメチル−シラニル)−エトキシメチル]−1H−ベンゾイミダゾール4.79g(63%)を黄色固体として得た。
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.76−7.72(m,1H),7.54−7.51(m,1H),7.29−7.25(m,2H),5.54(s,2H),3.59(t,2H,J=8.1Hz),0.92(t,2H,J=8.1Hz),−0.03(s,9H).Anal.(C13H19IN2OS)C,H.Calculated:C,41.71;H,5.12;I,33.90.;N,7.48.Found:C,41.90;H,5.09;I,34.00;N,7.37.
テトラキストリフェニルフォスフィン−パラジウム(0)(300mg,0.26mmol)を添加し、アルゴン雰囲気下で還流させながら2.5時間攪拌した。反応液を23℃まで冷却し、エーテル(60mL)で希釈した。有機物を0.1N塩酸水溶液(20mL)と食塩水(20mL)で洗浄し、乾燥させ(硫酸マグネシウム)、濃縮した。シリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(3%〜8%エーテル/ヘキサン)で精製し、6−ニトロ−1−[2−(トリメチル−シラニル)−エトキシメチル]−3−(トリメチル−スタンアニル)−1−H−インダゾール7.70g(71%)を淡黄色固体として得た。
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.53(d,1H,J=1.8Hz),8.03(dd,1H,J=8.7,1.8Hz),7.81(d,1H,J=8.7Hz),5.84(s,2H),3.58(t,2H,J=8.1Hz),0.90(t,2H,J=8.1Hz),0.50(t,9H,J=28.2Hz),−0.05(s,9H).Anal.(C16H17N3O3SiSn)C,H,N.Calculated:C,42.13;H,5.97;N,9.21.Found:C,42.39;H,6.01;N,9.26.
テトラキス(トリフェニルフォスフィン)パラジウム(0)を添加し、反応液を還流させながらアルゴン雰囲気下で23時間攪拌した。反応液を冷却し、シリカゲル(〜16g)に直接吸着させた。シリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(4%〜15%エチルアセテート/ヘキサン)で精製し、6−ニトロ−1−[2−(トリメチル−シラニル)−エトキシメチル]−3−{1−[2−(トリメチル−シラニル)−エトキシメチル]−1−H−ベンゾイミダゾール−2−イル}−1−H−インダゾール7.28g(82%)を淡黄色固体として得た。
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.91(d,1H,J=9.0Hz),8.59(d,1H,J=1.8Hz),8.22(dd,1H,J=8.7,1.8Hz),7.92−7.89(m,1H),7.66−7.62(m,1H),7.40−7.36(m,2H),6.24(s,2H),5.90(s,2H),3.68−3.59(m,4H),0.94(t,2H,J=8.1Hz),0.86(t,2H,J=8.1Hz),−0.04(s,9H),−0.15(s,9H).Anal.(C26H37N5O4Si2)C,H,N.Calcnlated:C,57.85;H,6.91;N,12.97.Found:C,57.60;H,6.81;N,12.82.
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.40(d,1H,J=9.0Hz),7.89−7.86(m,1H),7.63−7.60(m,1H),7.35−7.31(m,2H),6.78(dd,1H,J=8.7,1.8Hz),6.75(s,1H),6.25(s,2H),5.69(s,2H),3.93(brs,2H),3.65−3.55(m,4H),0.93(t,2H,J=8.1Hz),0.85(t,2H,J=8.1Hz),−0.04(s,9H),−0.15(s,9H).Anal.(C26H39N5O2Si2)C,H,N.Calculated:C,61.26;H,7.71;N,13.74.Found:C,61.18;H,7.65;N,13.82.
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.45(d,1H,J=9.0Hz),8.05(s,1H),7.91−7.88(m,1H),7.67−7.62(m,2H),7.38−7.34(m,2H),6.24(s,2H),5.77(s,2H),3.65−3.57(m,4H),0.93(t,2H,J=8.1Hz),0.85(t,2H,J=8.1Hz),−0.04(s,9H),−0.15(s,9H).Anal.(C26H37IN4O2Si2)C,H,N.Calculated:C,50.31;H,6.01;N,9.03.Found:C,50.55;H,6.08;N,9.00.
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.06(s,1H),7.02(s,1H),5.24(s,2H),3.84(s,3H),3.79(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),2.31(s,3H),0.96(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),0.01(s,9H).
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.78(s,1H),7.10(s,1H),5.36(s,2H),3.93(s,3H),3.83(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),2.79(s,3H),0.98(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),0.01(s,9H).Anal.(C14H25BO5Si−H2O)C,H.Calculated:C,57.15;H,7.88.Found:C,56.89;H,7.87.
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.68(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.93−7.90(m,1H),7.67−7.63(m,1H),7.54(s,1H),7.38−7.32(m,3H),7.13(s,1H),6.86(s,1H),6.29(s,2H),5.83(s,2H),5.34(s,2H),3.89(s,3H),3.86(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),3.69−3.58(m,4H),2.22(s,3H),1.01(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),0.95−0.83(m,4H),0.03(s,9H),−0.05(s,9H),−0.15(s,9H).Anal.(C40H60N4O5Si3)C,H,N.Calculated:C,63.12;H,7.95;N,7.36.Found:C,63.22;H,7.93;N,7.46.
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.60(s,1H),12.99(brs,1H),9.41(s,1H),8.49(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.72(brs,1H),7.52(brs,1H),7.45(s,1H),7.25−7.21(m,3H),7.12(d,1H,J=8.1Hz),6.73−6.67(m,2H),2.20(s,3H).Anal:(C21H16N4O・0.7H2O)C,H,N.Calculated:C,71.45;H,4.97;N,15.87.Found:C,71.44;H,4.96;N,15.77.
2−メチル−4−[2−(トリメチル−シラニル)−エトキシメトキシ] −フェ
ニル−ホウ素酸を以下のように調整した:
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.39(d,1H,J=8.7Hz),6.93(d,1H.J=2.7Hz),6.75(dd,1H,J=8.7,2.7Hz),5.16(s,2H),3.74(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),2.36(s,3H),0.95(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),0.01(s,9H).Anal.(C13H21BrO2Si)C,H.Calculated:C,49.21;H,6.67.Found:C,49.33;H,6.67.
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.15(d,1H,J=8.1Hz),6.98−6.92(m,2H),5.29(s,2H),3.78(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),2.78(s,3H),0.98(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),0.01(s,9H).Anal.(C13H23BO4Si−H2O)C,H.Calculated:C,59.10;H,8.01.Found:C,59.07;H,8.08.
−2−メチル−4−[2−(トリメチル−シラニル)−エトキシメトキシ]−フェニル−ホウ素酸に置換した。
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.61(s,1H),13.00(brs,1H),10.22(s,1H),8.51(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.64(brs,2H),7.50(s,1H),7.26−7.21(m,4H),6.95(s,1H),2.19(s,3H).
5−クロロ−2−メチル−4−[2−(トリメチル−シラニル)−エトキシメトキシ]−フェニル−ホウ素酸を以下のように調整した。
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.47(s,1H),6.91(s,1H),5.52(brs,1H),2.32(s,3H).Anal.(C7H6ClBrO・0.1H2O)C,H.Calculated:C,37.66;H,2.80.Found:C,37.57;H,2.82.
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.51(s,1H),7.09(s,1H),5.26(s,2H),3.79(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),2.35(s,3H),0.95(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),0.02(s,9H).Anal.(C13H20ClBrO2Si)C,H.Calculated:C,44.39;H,5.73.Found:C,45.08;H,5.91.
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.11(s,1H),7.09(s,1H),5.37(s,2H),3.84(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),2.76(s,3H),0.98(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),0.01(s,9H).Anal.(C13H22BClO4Si−H2O)C,H.Calculated:C,52.28;H,6.75.Found:C,51.98;H,6.84.
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.52(s,1H),12.98(s,1H),9.63(s,1H),8.44(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.72(d,1H,J=6.9Hz),7.61(s,1H),7.50(d,1H,J=6.9Hz),7.36(dd,1H,J=8.4,1.5Hz),7.18−7.22(m,3H),6.55(d,1H,J=2.1Hz),6.48(dd,1H,J=8.1,2.1Hz),3.74(s,3H).MS(ES)[m+H]/z calc’d357,found357;[m−H]/z calc’d355,found355.
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.66(s,1H),13.02(s,1H),9.43(s,1H),8.49(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.72(d,1H,J=6.9Hz),7.53(d,1H,J=6.9Hz),7.44(s,1H),7.18−7.25(m,3H),7.06(d,1H,J=8.1Hz),6.75(d,1H,J=2.1Hz),6.66(dd,1H,J=8.1,2.1Hz),2.50(q,2H,J=7.5Hz),1.04(t,3H,J=7.5Hz).MS(ES)[m+H]/z calc’d355,found355;[m−H]/z calc’d 353,found353.
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.49(s,1H),12.94(s,1H),9.49(s,1H),9.39(s,1H),8.43(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.71−7.74(m,2H),7.50(d,1H,J=6.9Hz),7.43(dd,1H,J=8.4,1.2Hz),7.16−7.23(m,3H),6.45(d,1H,J=2.1Hz),6.35(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.1Hz).MS(ES)[m+H]/z calc’d343,found343;[m−H]/z calc’d 341,found341.
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.54(s,1H),12.95(s,1H),9.78(s,1H),8.43(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.67−7.72(m,2H),7.49(dd,1H,J=6.3,2.1Hz),7.43(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),7.33(t,2H,J=7.5Hz),7.17−7.22(m,2H),6.96−7.07(m,3H),6.72(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.1Hz),6.40(d,1H,J=2.1Hz).MS(ES)[m+H]/z calc’d419,found419;[m−H]/z calc’d417,found417.
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.60(s,1H),13.01(s,1H),9.44(s,1H),8.49(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.73(brs,1H),7.51(brs,1H),7.46(s,1H),7.21(app d,3H,J=8.1Hz),7.09(d,1H,J=8.1Hz),6.78(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),6.70(dd,1H,J=8.1,2.4Hz),3.40(t,2H,J=7.2Hz),3.12(s,3H),2.75(t,2H,J=7.2Hz).MS(ES)[m+H]/z calc’d385,found385;[m−H]/z calc’d383,found383.
開始物質は以下のように調整した:
1HNMR(300MHz,(CDCl3)δ9.56(s,1H),7.29(d,1H,J=8.7Hz),6.74(d,1H,J=3.0Hz),6.55(dd,1H,J=8.7,3.0Hz),4.71(t,1H,J=5.4Hz),3.52−3.59(m,2H),2.73(t,2H,J=7.2Hz).
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.43(d,1H,J=8.7Hz),6.97(d,1H,J=3.OHz),6.82(dd,1H,J=8.7,3.0Hz),5.19(s,2H),3.88(q,2H,J=6.6Hz),3.74(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),2.99(t,2H,J=6.6Hz),1.42(t,1H,J=6.6Hz).0.94(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),−0.01(s,9H).
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.40(d,1H,J=8.7Hz),6.96(d,1H,J=3.0Hz),6.80(dd,1H,J=8.7,3.0Hz),5.18(s,2H),3.74(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),3.60(t,2H,J=7.2Hz),3.37(s,3H),2.98(t,2H,J=7.2Hz),0.95(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),−0.01(s,9H).
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.60(s,1H),13.01(s,1H)m, 9.41 (s, 1rD, 8.49 (d, 1H,J=8.4Hz),7.71(brs,1H),7.51(brs,1H),7.46(s,1H),7.21(appd,3H,J=8.1Hz),7.08(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.77(d,1H,J=2.1Hz),6.69(dd,1H,J=8.1,2.1Hz),4.57(brs,1H),3.46(t,2H,J=7.2Hz),2.68(t,2H,J=7.2Hz).MS(ES)[m+H]/z calc’d371,found371;[m−H]/z calc’d369,found369.
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.57(s,1H),12.99(s,1H),9.22(s,1H),8.52(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.72(d,1H,J=6.6Hz),7.51(d,1H,J=6.6Hz),7.31(s,1H),7.16−7.25(m,2H),7.02(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.55(s,2H),1.93(s,6H).MS(ES)[m+H]/z calc’d355,found355;[m−H]/z calc’d353,found353.
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.59(s,1H),12.98(s,1H),9.64(s,1H),8.48(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.71(brs,1H),7.52(apps,2H),7.20−7.27(m,3H),7.12(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.76(d,1H,J=2.1Hz),6.65(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.1Hz),2.34(s,3H).MS(ES)[m+H]/z calc’d373,found373;[m−H]/z calc’d371,found371.
開始物質は以下のように調整した:
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.15(t,1H,J=8.1Hz),6.82(d,1H,J=8.1Hz),6.74(t,1H,J=1.8Hz),6.60(dd,1H,J=8.1,1.8Hz),4.86(s,1H),2.47(s,3H).
ール
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.63(s,1H),12.99(s,1H,9.15(s,1H),8.50(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.73(dd,1H,J=6.6,2.1Hz),7.59(s,1H),7.51(dd,1H,J=6.6,2.1Hz),7.32(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.19−7.24(m,2H),6.94(s,1H),6.91(s,1H),4.22(s,2H),3.81(s,3H),3.39(q,2H,J=6.9Hz),1.13(t,3H,J=6.9Hz).MS(ES)[m+H]/z calc’d415,found415.
開始物質は以下のように調整した:
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ10.16(s,1H),7.68(s,1H),7.07(s,1H),5.28(s,2H),3.94(s,3H),3.77(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),0.94(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),−0.03(s,9H).
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.29(s,1H),7.05(s,1H),5.27(s,2H),4.66(d,2H,J=6.6Hz),3.87(s,3H),3.79(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),1.92(t,1H,J=6.6Hz),0.96(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),0.01(s,9H).
粗成ベンジルアルコールそのままを水酸化カリウム(800mg,14.4mmol)のDMSO(8mL)溶液と攪拌した。ヨードエタン(580mL,7.2mmol)を加え、反応液を16時間攪拌した後、水(30mL)で希釈し、エーテル(2×30mL)で抽出した。有機層を食塩水(20mL)で洗浄し、乾燥させ(硫酸ナトリウム)、真空下で濃縮した。シリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(15%EtOAc/ヘキサン)で精製し、標題化合物1.30g(92%)を透明油状物として得た。
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.29(s,1H),7.03(s,1H),5.26(s,2H),4.48(s,2H),3.85(s,3H),3.79(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),3.58(q,2H,J=6.9Hz),1.26(t,3H,J=6.9Hz),0.95(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),−0.01(s,9H).
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.64(s,1H),13.00(s,1H),8.50(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.73(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.62(s,1H),7.52(dd,1H,J=6.0,1.8Hz),7.32(dd,1H,J=8.4,1.2Hz),7.19−7.24(m,2H),7.15(s,1H),6.91(s,1H),5.11(t,1H,J=5.1Hz),4.37(d,2H,J=5.1Hz),4.08(q,2H,J=6.9Hz),3.80(s,3H),1.37(t,3H,J=6.9Hz).MS(ES)[m+H]/z calc’d 415,found415.
開始物質は以下のように調整した:
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.04(s,1H),7.01(s,1H),5.54(s,1H),4.77(s,2H),4.57(s,2H),3.88(s,3H),3.68(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),0.97(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),0.02(s,9H).
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.02(s,1H),6.98(s,1H),4.78(s,2H),4.60(s,2H),4.09(q,2H,J=6.6Hz),3.86(s,3H),3.69(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),1.46(t,3H,J=6.6Hz),0.97(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),0.04(s,9H).
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.59(s,1H),12.95(s,1H),9.05(s,1H),8.49(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.72(dd,1H,J=6.3,2.1Hz),7.60(s,1H),7.51(dd,1H,J=63,2.1h),7.31(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.20−7.24(m,2H),7.02(s,1H),6.87(s,1H),5.02(t,1H,J=5.4Hz),4.32(d,2H,J=5.4Hz),3.80(s,3H).MS(ES)[m+H]/z calc’d387,found387;[m−H]/z calc’d 385,found385.
開始物質は以下のように調整した:
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ9.81(dd,1H,J=3.0,0.9Hz),7.66(t,1H,J=6.6Hz),7.21(t,1H,J=9.0Hz),5.35(s,2H),3.99(s,3H),3.82(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),0.25(t,9H,J=26.7Hz),0.98(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),−0.01(s,9H).
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.18(t,1H,J=6.9Hz),7.03(t,1H,J=9.3Hz),5.27(s,2H),4.58−4.63(m,2H),3.89(s,3H),3.80(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),1.53(t,1H,J=6.0Hz),0.96(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),0.31(t,9H,J=27.3Hz),0.01(s,9H).
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.70(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.89−7.92(m,1H),7.63−7.66(m,2H),7.34−7.41(m,4H),6.91(s,1H),6.29(s,2H),5.83(s,2H),5.36(s,2H),4.55(s,2H),3.78−3.92(m,5H),3.59−3.70(m,4H),0.83−1.04(m,6H),0.03(s,9H),−0.04(s,9H),−0.13(s,9Hz).
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.67(s,1H),13.00(s,1H),9.58(s,1H),8.55(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.71−7.75(m,2H),7.49−7.57(m,2H),730(t,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.12−7.24(m,4H),6.80(dd,1H,J=8.1,1.5Hz).MS(ES)[m+H]/z calc’d327,found327;[m−H]/z calc’d325,found325.
1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ13.70(s,1H),13.49(brs,1H),9.62(s,1H),9.01(brs,1H),8.43(d,1H,J=8.7Hz),834(d.1H,J=5.7Hz),7.64(s,1H),7.57(brs,1H),7.39(dd,1H,J=8.7,1.5Hz),7.21(d,1H,J=8.1Hz),6.55(d,1H,J=2.1Hz),6.49(dd,1H,J=8.1,2.1Hz),3.74(s,3H).MS(ES)[m+H]/z Calc’d 358,found358;[m−H]/z calc’d356,found356.
)−1H−インダゾール
,3H),6.54(d,1H,J=2.1Hz),6.47(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.1Hz),3.73(s,3H).MS(ES)[m+H]/z calc’d307,found307.
H(5.33),N(7.39).
ル(1.12g、40%)を、黄色固体で得た。1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.51(d.1H,J=2.5Hz),8.50(d,1H,J=9.1Hz),7.93(dd,1H,J=2.5,8.6Hz),7.69(s,1H),7.69−7.28(m,8H),6.89(d,1H,J=8.6Hz),5.83(s,2H),4.03(s,3H),3.64(t,2H,J=8.3Hz),0.93(t,2H,J=8.3Hz),−0.03(s,9H).
7.20−7.10(m,2H),6.85−6.79(m,1H);δ13.14(s,1H),9.60(s,1H),8.20(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.73(d,2H,J=7.3),7.64−7.52(m,5H),7.47−7.37(m,3H),7.33−7.25(m,1H),6.89(d,2H,J=8.6Hz).
その後、溶液を減圧下で濃縮した。2−クロロメチル−1−(2,4,6−トリメチル−ベンゼンスルホニル)−1H−ピロール(1.5g、100%)を、茶色の固体で得た。1HNMR(CDCl3)δ7.28(dd,1H,J=3.3,1.7Hz),6.98(s,2H),6.38−6.34(m,1H),6.19(t,1H,J=3.4Hz),4.58(s,2H),2.50(s,6H),2.30(s,3H).
有機相を合わせて、飽和NaHCO3溶液に続いて飽和NaCl溶液で洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥し、減圧下で濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルのフラッシュクロマトグラフィーにかけ、CH2Cl2/EtOAc:MeOH(1:1:0.1)で溶出した。得られた油をEtOAc/ヘキサンから粉砕し、表題の化合物を黄褐色の固体で得た(420mg、86%)。1HNMR(DMSO−d6)δ13.12(s,1H),10.30(s,1H),8.60(d,1H,J=3.8Hz),8.22(d,1H,J=8.8Hz),7.93(m,3H),7.82(t,1H,J=7.7Hz),7.68−7.49(m,7H),7.40(t,1H,J=8.1Hz),7.27(m,1H),7.08(s,1H),7.03(s,1H),7.03(d,1H,J=8.7Hz),6.87(d,1H,J=8.1Hz,with fine splitting).Anal.Calc for C27H20N4O2・0.65EtOAc:
C,72.59;H,5.19;N,11.44.Found:C,72.34;H,5.11;N,11.82.
,5.61;N,16.24.Found:C,68.28;H,5.88;N,16.01.
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
d,413.1431,found413.1449.
.
実施例35(jj)−35(nn)は、実施例35(a)に記載のものと同様の方法で調製されえた。
.
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
49.2.
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
3.
実施例41(oo)〜41(lll)は、実施例41(a)に記載と同様の方法で調製できた。
リジン−2−イル)エテニル]−1H−インダゾール
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
生成物をさらに精製せずに使用した。
開始物質を以下のように調製した。
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のように調製した。
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のように調製した:
開始物質を以下のようにして得た:
(i)1−(2−トリメチルシラニル−エトキシメチル)−1H−イミダゾールの調製
の調製
チル−5−メチル−2H−ピラゾール−3−カルボン酸{5−[3−ホルミル−1−(2−トリメチルシラニル−エトキシメチル)−1H−インダゾール−6−イルオキシ]−2−メチル−フェニル}−アミド(590mg、86%)を黄色泡状物として得た:HPLC Rt=18.9min.:TLC Rf=0.2(40%酢酸エチル−シクロヘキサン):1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ10.16(s,1H),9.75(s,1H),8.14(d,1H,J=8.8Hz),7.48(d,1H,J=1.8Hz),7.32(d,1H,J=8.5Hz),7.16−7.13(m,2H),6.93(dd,1H,J=8.3,2.6Hz),6.78(s,1H),5.84(s,2H),4.39(q,2H,J=7.1Hz),3.35(t,2H,J=7.8Hz),2.23(s,3H),2.19(s,3H),1.27(t,3H,J=7.2Hz),0.79(t,2H,J=7.8Hz),−0.15(s,9H).
上記記載した実施例の化合物は、以下の試験を使用して、その活性を試験するこ
とができる。
VEGF、FGF、その他の等の成長因子による細胞増殖刺激は、その各受容体のチロシンキナーゼの自己リン酸化の誘導に依存する。従って、その成長因子により誘導される自己リン酸化を阻害するプロテインキナーゼインヒビターの能力は、ペプチド基質の阻害により測定されうる。化合物のプロテインキナーゼ阻害活性を測定するために、以下の構築物(construct)を考案した。
アッセイのためのCHK−1構築物:C末端His標識全長ヒトCHK−1(FL−CHK1)を、バキュロウィルス/昆虫細胞系を用いて発現した。これは、ヒトCHK1の476アミノ酸のC末端に6個のヒスチジン残基(6×His末端(tag))を含むものであった。タンパク質は、従来のクロマトグラフィーの手法により行なった。
TIE−2チロシンキナーゼドメインを、アミノ酸残基774から開始して残基1124でタンパク質末端となるN−末端欠損物として昆虫細胞中に発現させた。この構築物も、翻訳時に開始メチオニン残基を供するR774M変異を有する。
連結分光光度的(FLVK−P)アッセイ
ホスホリル基移転を伴うATPからADPの生産は、ホスホエノールピルビン酸(PEP)を使用するNADHの酸化、及び、ピルビン酸キナーゼ(PK)と乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼ(LDH)を含む系をカップリングさせた。NADHの酸化は、BeckmanDU650スペクトロフォトメーターを用いて、340nmの吸光度(e340=6.22cm−1mM−1)の減少を追うことにより測定した。リン酸化したVEGF−R2Δ50(以下の表ではFLVK−Pと示した)のアッセイ条件は、以下の通りであった:1mM PEP;250μM NADH;50ユニットLDH/mL;20ユニットPK/mL;5mM DTT;5.1mMポリ(E4Y1);1mM ATP;及び25mMMgCl2の200mM Hepes,pH7.5。リン酸化していないVEGF−R2Δ50(以下の表ではFLVKと示した)のアッセイ条件は、以下の通りであった:1mM PEP;250μM NADH;50ユニットLDH/mL;20ユニットPK/mL;5mM DTT;20mMポリ(E4Y1);3mM ATP;及び60mM MgCl2及び2mM MnCl2を含む200mM HEPES,pH7.5。アッセイは、5〜40nMの酵素で開始した。Ki値は、様々な濃度の試験化合物存在下での酵素活性を測定することにより決定した。データは、EnzymeKinetic and Kaleidagraphソフトウェアを用いて分析した。
ビオチン化したガストリンペプチド(1−17)を基質として用いて、ホスホガストリンの形成を測定した。ビオチン化ホスホガストリンは、ストレプトアビジンでコートした96ウェルマイクロタイタープレートを用いて固定し、ホースラディッシュペルオキシダーゼ共役抗ホスホチロシン抗体を用いて検出した。ホースラディッシュペルオキシダーゼ活性は、2,2’−3−アジノ−ジ−[3−エチルベンザチアゾリンスルホネート(6)]ジアンモニウム塩(ABTS)を用いて観測した。典型的なアッセイ溶液は、2μMビオチン化ガストリンペプチド;5mM DTT;20μM ATP;26mM MgCl2;及び2mM MnCl2の200mM HEPES,pH7.5を含有するものであった。アッセイは、0.8nMのリン酸化VEGF−R2Δ50で開始した。ホースラディッシュペルオキシダーゼ活性は、10mM ABTSを用いてアッセイされた。ホースラディッシュペルオキシダーゼ反応は、酸(H2SO4)の添加により停止され、その後、405nmの吸光度を測定した。Ki値は、様々な濃度の試験化合物存在下での酵素活性を測定することにより測定された。データは、EnzymeKinetic and Kaleidagraphソフトウェアを用いて分析した。
分光光度的アッセイを、以下に示す濃度変更以外は、上記VEGF−R2で述べた様にして行なった:FGF−R=50nM,ATP=2mM,及び,ポリ(E4Y1)=15mM。
分光光度アッセイを、以下に示す濃度の変更以外は、上記VEGF−R2で述べた様にして行なった:LCK=60nM,MgCl2=0mM,及び,ポリ(E4Y1)=20mM。
合成基質ペプチドSyntide−2(PLARTLSVAGLPGKK)へのホスホリル基の移動を伴うATPからのADPの生産は、ピルビン酸キナーゼ(PK)と乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼ(LDH)の作用により、ホスホエノールピルビン酸(PEP)を用いて、NADHの酸化とカップリングさせた。NADHの酸化は、HP8452スペクトロフォトメーターを用いて、340nmの吸光度(340=6.22cm−1mM−1)の減少を追うことにより、観測した。典型的な反応溶液は、4mN PEP;0.15mM NADH;LDH28ユニット/mL;PK16ユニット/mL;3mM DTT;0.125mM Syntide−2;0.15mM ATP;及び25mMMgCl2の50mM TRIS,pH7.5;及び、400mM NaClを含んでいた。アッセイは、10nMのFL−CHK1を用いて開始した。Ki値は、様々な濃度の試験化合物の存在下で、初期酵素活性を測定することにより決定した。データは、EnzymeKinetic and Kaleidagraphソフトウェアを用いて分析した。
サイクリン依存キナーゼ活性は、酵素触媒された、時間依存性の放射能性リン酸の[32P]ATPからレチノブラストーマタンパクへの取り込みを定量することにより測定した。特記しない限りは、アッセイは、96ウェルプレートの中で、総容量50μLで、10mM HEPES(N−[2−ヒドロキシエチル]ピペラジン−N’−[2−エタンスルホン酸])(pH7.4)、10mM MgCl2、25μMアデノシントリホスフェート(ATP)、1mg/mLオボアルブミン、5μg/mLロイペプチン、1mMジチオトレイトール、10mM β−グリセロホスフェート、0.1mMバナジン酸ナトリウム、1mMフッ化ナトリウム、2.5mMエチレングリコール−ビス(β−アミノエチルエーテル)−N,N,N’,N’−テトラ酢酸(EGTA)、2%(v/v)ジメチルスルホキシド、及び、0.03−0.2μCi[32P]ATPの存在下で行なった。
FAK HTSは、LJL Biosystemsより提供されている蛍光分極アッセイを利用した。キナーゼ反応は、100mM Hepes pH7.5、10mM MgCl2、1mM DTT、1mM ATP及び1mg/mlポリGlu−Tyr(4:1)を含んでいた。5nMのFAKcd409の添加により、反応を開始した。EDTAの添加により反応を停止し、その後、LJL Biosystemsより提供されている蛍光標識ペプチド及び抗ホスホチロシン抗体を添加した。阻害の結果は、Analyst(LJL)検出器で読み取った。
ランダムコポリマーポリ(Glu4Tyr)へのホスホリル転移を伴うキナーゼ触媒によるATPからADPへの生産は、ピルビン酸キナーゼ(PK)及び乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼ(LDH)の活性によりNADHの酸化とカップリングしている。NADHのNAD+への変換を、BeckmanDU650吸光度計を用いて、340nm(ε=6.22cm−1mM−1)での吸光度の減少により測定した。1mMのホスホエノールピルビン酸、0.24mMのMgCl2、5mMDTT2.9mg/mLポリ(Glu4Tyr)0.5mMのATP、15ユニット/mLのPK、15ユニット/mLのLDHの100mMのHEPES液、pH7.5を含有する。アッセイを4〜12nMリン酸化Tie−2(aa775−1122)を添加して開始した。阻害百分率を1μM濃度の阻害剤で3回ずつ測定した。
ホスホチロシン生成をビオチン化したp34cdc2(アミノ酸6〜20=KVEKIGEGTYGVVYK)ペプチドを基質として使用して測定した。ビオチン化したペプチドをNeutrAvidin(登録商標)でコーティングした96−ウェルのミクロタイタープレートを使用して、固定化し、ユーロピリウムN1キレートを結合した抗ホスホチロシン抗体(PY20)を使用して検出した。典型的なアッセイ溶液は:1μMビオチン化p34cdc2ペプチド、150μM ATP、5mM塩化マグネシウム、1mMのDTT、0.01%BSA、5%グリセロール、2%DMSO、25mMのHEPES液、pH7.5を含有する。アッセイをNeutrAvidinプレート中、50nMのTIE2細胞内ドメインで開始した。キナーゼ反応を50mMのEDTAで終了させた。そして、プレートを洗浄して、ユーロピリウム抗体を添加した。インキュベーション後、再洗浄して、DELFIA(登録商標)強化溶液を添加した。標準ユールピリウム時間解像設定(ex340nm、em615nm、遅延400μsec、window 400μsec)で、プレートを解読した。酵素添加前にEDTAを添加したプレート内壁を対照にして実験分とコントロールの両方からバックグラウンドを引いて、DMSOを添加したプレート内壁を対照にして、DMSO中の化合物より阻害パーセントを計算した。
本アッセイは、試験化合物による、ヒト臍帯血内皮細胞(“HUVEC”)成長因子刺激増殖の阻害能力を決定した。HUVEC細胞(3−4継代、Clonetics,Corp.)は、T75フラスコ内の、EGM2培地内で解凍した。新鮮なEGM2培地を24時間後フラスコに添加した。4、5日後、細胞を別の培地(10%ウシ胎児血清(FBS)、60μg/mL内皮細胞増殖補助剤(ECGS)、及び、0.1mg/mlヘパリンを補充したF12K培地)に暴露した。指数関数的に増殖したHUVEC細胞を、その後の実験に使用した。10,000−12,000のHUVEC細胞を、100μlの富培地(上述した)内で、96ウェルディッシュに植えた。細胞は、この培地中に24時間接着させた。培地を吸引除去し、105μlの貧培地(F12K+1%FBS)を各ウェルに添加した。24時間後、1%DMSOに溶解した試験剤の貧培地液、又は、この媒体のみを、15μl各処理ウェルに添加した;最終DMSO濃度は0.1%であった。1時間後、30μlのVEGF(30ng/ml)の貧培地液を、未処理のコントロールを含むウェル以外、全てのウェルに添加した;最終VEGF濃度は、6ng/mlであった。細胞増殖は、72時間後に、細胞をMTT(PromegaCorp.)に4時間暴露して、MTT色素の減少により定量した。色素の減少は、停止溶液(PromegaCorp.)を添加することにより停止し、96ウェル・スペクトロフォトメーター・プレートリーダーで595λの波長を測定した。
control=試験化合物のないVEGF存在下でのA595
test=試験化合物のあるVEGF存在下でのA595
starvation=試験化合物、VEGF共に非存在下でのA595
ガン細胞内での細胞増殖の評価の方法は、HUVEC細胞の評価に使用した方法と類似している。2,000の肺ガン細胞(MV522ライン、American Tissue Cultural Collectionより取得)を、増殖培地(2mMグルタミン及び10%FBSを補充したRPMI1640培地)に植えた。細胞は、試験剤及び/又は媒体を添加する1日前に接着させた。細胞を、HUVECアッセイに用いたのと同じ試験薬剤で同時に処理した。細胞増殖は、試験薬剤に暴露した72時間後、MTT色素の減少により定量した。アッセイにかかる全時間は、HUVECアッセイでは5日であるのに対し、4日であったが、これは、MV522細胞は貧培地に暴露していないためであった。
マウス中の薬品の薬物動力学(例えば吸収及び解離)を、以下の実験を用いて分析した。30:70(PEG400:酸性化H2O)の賦形剤にした溶液若しくは懸濁液、又は、0.5%CMCにある懸濁液として試験化合物を処方した。B6メスマウスの2つの独立したグループ(n=4)へ様々な投薬量で、これを経口(p.o.)又は非経口(i.p.)投与した。時間間隔:投薬後0時間(投薬前)、0.5時間、1.0時間、2.0時間及び4.0時間、並びに、7.0時間で、眼血液を介して血液サンプルを回収した。2500rpmで5分間遠心分離して、各サンプルより血漿を回収した。試験化合物を有機タンパク質沈澱方法により血清から抽出した。各時間の血液に対して、50μlの血漿を1.0mLのアセトニトリルで合わせて、2分間ボルテックスして、そして、4000rpmで、15分間遠心分離し、タンパク質を沈澱させ、試験化合物を抽出した。次に、アセトニトリル懸濁液(試験化合物含有する抽出物)を新しい試験管中に投入して、窒素ガス蒸気下、ホットプレート(25℃)上で蒸発させた。乾燥試験化合物抽出物を含有する各試験管へ、125μL移動層(60:40、0.025MNH4H2PO4、+2.5mL/LのTEA:アセトニトリル)を添加した。ボルテックスにより移動層中で試験化合物を再懸濁して、4000rpm、5分間の遠心分離により、さらにタンパク質を分離した。Hewlett Parckard1100シリーズHPLC上でUV検出をする試験化合物分析をするために、各サンプルをHPLCガラス瓶に投入した。各サンプルより、95μlをPhenomenex−Prodigy逆相C−18、150×3.2mmカラム中に注入して、45〜50%アセトニトリルグラジエントで溶出して10分間操作した。上記方法で血漿サンプルから抽出した試験化合物の既知の濃度を用いた標準曲線(ピーク面積対濃度μg/mL)と比較して、試験化合物血漿濃度(μg/mL)を測定した。標準及び未知のものと共に、品質コントロール(0.25μg/mL、1.5μg/mL及び7.5μg/mL)の3つのグループ(n=4)を試験して、分析の一貫性を確証した。標準曲線はR2>0.99であり品質コントロールは全てその予想値の10%以内であった。計量化した試験サンプルをKalidagraphソフトウェアを用いた可視ディスプレーに対してプロットして、WIN NONLINソフトウェアを使用してその薬品動力学パラメータを測定した。実施例1(a)は以下の結果であった:0.69(マウスpK,AUC,ip,μg−h/ml);0.33(マウスpK,AUC,po,μg−h/ml)
ヒト肝臓ミクロソーム中の化合物代謝を以下のLC−MS分析アッセイ方法で測定した。第一に、ヒト肝臓ミクロソーム(HLM)を溶かして、冷100mMリン酸カリウム(KPO4)緩衝液で5mg/mLに希釈した。好適な量のKPO4緩衝液、NADPH−再生溶液(B−NADP、グルコース−6−リン酸デヒドロゲナーゼ及び塩化マグネシウムを含有)及びHLMを、13×100mmガラス試験管中で、37℃、10分間プレインキュベートした(試験化合物当たり3つの試験管−−トリプリケート)。試験化合物(最終5μM)を各試験管に添加して、反応を開始して、穏やかにボルテックして、続いて37℃でインキュベートした。t=0、2時間で、250μLサンプルを各インキュベーションした試験管より取り出して、0.05μMレセルピンを含有した1mL氷冷アセトニトリルを含有した12×75mmガラス試験管に分離した。サンプルを4000rpm、20分間遠心分離して、タンパク質及び塩を沈澱させた(Beckman Allegra 6KR、ALK98D06、♯634)。上精を新しい12×75mmのガラス試験管へ移し、Speed−Vac遠心分離真空エバポレーターで蒸発させた。サンプルを200μL0.1%蟻酸/アセトニトリル(90/10)中に再構築して、激しくボルテックスして、溶解させた。そしてサンプルを移して、プロピレン微小遠心管に分けて、14000×gで10分間遠心分離した(Fisher Micro 14 S/N M0017580)。各時点(0及び2時間)で各複製(♯1〜3)に対して、以下に記載のLC−MS分析の為に、シングルHPLCガラス瓶インサート中に、各試験化合物の分別サンプルを合わせた(全6サンプル)。
表1
表3
文献(LIBRARY)実施例I
この試験条件において、>50%阻害を有意と考えた。
文献表I
この試験条件において、>50%阻害を有意と考えた。
文献表II
この試験条件において、>30%阻害を有意と考えた。
文献表III
投薬溶液は、以下の賦形剤:水中、等モル濃度の塩酸を有する30%若しくは60%のプロピレングリコール水溶液、又は、0.5%カルボキシメチルセルロース水溶液:の1つに溶解した阻害剤からなる。最終濃度は5又は10ml/kg投薬容積で普通5mg/mlであった。タコニック(Germantown,NY)メスマウスを体質量当たりの化合物質量を相関させて、通常50又は25mg/kg投薬させた。血液の回収は、0.5、1、4時間では眼血液を介して、最終時点7時間では心臓穿刺を介して行った。血液を遠心分離し、血漿を回収して、分析するまで−80℃で保存した。サンプルを内部標準及び水酸化ナトリウムを使用する分析に用いた。ボルテッスク後、酢酸エチルを添加して、15〜20分間室温で混合した。遠心分離後、得られた有機層を蒸発させて、続いてアセトニトリル及び緩衝液中で再構築させた。そして、HPLC又はLC−MSを介
してサンプルを分析した。
表6
ラットにおける網膜管成長は、出生後1日〜出生後14日(P1−P14)に生じる。このプロセスは、VEGF活性に依存する(J.Stone, et al, J.Neurosci.,15,4738(1995))。過去の研究より、VEGFが早期管成長の間の網膜管の生存因子ととしても作用することが実証されていた(Alon, et al., Nat. Med., 1, 1024(1995))。VEGF活性を生体内で阻害する特定化合物の能力を評価する為に、平均分子量400ダルトンのポリエチレングリコール50%、及び、300mMスクロース脱イオン水溶液50%の好適な賦形剤中に化合物を処方した。典型的に、2マイクロリットル(μl)の薬剤溶液を、出生後8日又は9日の子ラットの目の中硝子液へ注入した。硝子液内注入6日後、動物を殺して、他の目組織がないように網膜を解剖した。そして、単離した網膜に対し、特に内皮細胞を染色する組織染色プロトコールを行い(Lutty and McLeod, Arch. Ophthalmol.,110,267(1992))、組織サンプル内の血管新生の範囲を明らかにした。個々の網膜を、スライドガラス上に平らにおいて、血管新生の範囲を試験して測定した。有効化合物は網膜血管新生のさらなる成長を阻害し、網膜内の最も大きい血管以外の全ての退縮を誘導した。血管退縮の量は、生体内投与後の化合物の相対強度を評価するのに使用された。血管退縮は、+1を約25%以下と判断される検出可能な退縮、+2を約25−75%と判断される退縮、+3を網膜がほぼ全体(約75%以上)減縮したと判断されるとする、+1〜+3の主観的スケールで等級付けした。
VEGF依存性網膜血管新生の第2のモデルは、この種の化合物を評価する為に使用された。このモデル(Penn et al., Invest.Opthalmol. Vis. Sci. 36, 2063,(1995))において、子ラット(n=16)を、酸素濃度を制御するコンピューター制御室中にその母と一緒に置いた。動物を、24時間、50%酸素濃度に触れさせて、続いて24時間、10%酸素濃度に触れさせた。この高酸素、続いて低酸素の交互サイクルを7回繰り返した後、動物を部屋の空気中へ移した(生後14日)。部屋の空気中へ移し、化合物を網膜内注入して投与し、そして動物を6日後殺した(生後20日)。そして、成長モデルで詳述したように、網膜を単離して、染色して、積み上げてアッセイした。有効性も成長モデルで記載したように等級付けした。効能も、成長モデルに記載のように等級付けした。
表7
アッセイ用のホスホリラーゼキナーゼの構築
ホスホリラーゼキナーゼ(アミノ酸1〜298)の先端を切った触媒サブユニット(γサブユニット)を大腸菌中で発現させて、封入体から単離した。そして、ホスホリラーゼキナーゼを巻戻しして、−20℃のグリセロール中で保存した。
ホスホリラーゼキナーゼアッセイ。アッセイにおいて、精製した触媒サブユニットを放射線標識したATPを使用して、ホスホリラーゼbのリン酸化に使用した。素早く、1.5mg/mlのホスホリラーゼbを10mM塩化マグネシウム、50mMHepes pH7.4中の10nMホスホリラーゼキナーゼで、37℃でインキュベートした。100uMにATPを添加して反応を開始し、15分間25℃又は37℃でインキュベートした。反応が終了して、96ウェルMillipore MADP NOBフィルタープレート上に沈澱タンパク質を単離した。そして、フィルタープレートを20%TCAで激しく洗浄して、乾燥した。そして、シンチレーション液体をプレートへ添加して、封入された放射線標識をWallacマイクロベータカウンター上で計数した。10μM化合物の存在下におけるATPからホスホリラーゼbへのリン酸転移の阻害%を以下の表8に示した。
表8
実施例1:非経口組成物
注入投与に適した非経口医薬組成物を調製するために、100mgの式Iの化合物の水溶性塩をDMSO中に溶解して、そして、10mLの0.9%滅菌食塩水で混合する。混合液を注入投与に適した投薬量単位型に封入する。
実施例2:経口組成物
経口運搬用の医薬組成物を調製するために、100mgの式Iの化合物を750mgラクトースで混合する。そして、硬ゼラチンカプセル等、経口投与に適した経口投薬量単位型に封入する。
実施例3:経眼組成物
経眼運搬用の維持解離医薬組成物を調製するために、ヒアルロン酸(1.5%濃度)のリン酸緩衝液(pH7.4)の中性等張性溶液中に、式Iの化合物を懸濁して、1%懸濁液を形成した。
Claims (9)
- 式III:
[式中:
R1は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はヘテロアリール基、又は、式CH=CH−R3若しくはCH=N−R3の基(式中、R3は、置換若しくは不置換のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アリール基又はヘテロアリール基である)であり;
Yは、O、S、C=CH2、C=O、S=O、SO2、CH2、CHCH3、NH又はN−(C1−C8アルキル)基であり;
R8は、置換若しくは不置換のアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アルコキシル基又はアリールオキシ基であり;
R10は、水素、ハロゲン及び低級アルキル基から独立して選択されるものである]
の化合物、又は、その医薬上許容される塩。 - R1は、置換若しくは不置換の2環ヘテロアリール基、又は、式CH=CH−R3(式中、R3は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はヘテロアリール基である)の基であり;
Yは、O、S、C=CH2、C=O、NH、又は、N−(C1−C8アルキル)基であり;
R8は、置換若しくは不置換のアリール基又はヘテロアリール基、アルキル基、及び、アルケニル基であり;そして
R10は、水素又はハロゲンである;
請求項1記載の化合物、又は、その医薬上許容される塩。 - R1は、式CH=CH−R3の基(式中、R3は不置換のヘテロアリールである)であり;
Yは、NHであり;
R8は、置換のヘテロアリール基であり;そして
R10は、水素又はハロゲンである;
請求項2に記載の化合物、又は、その医薬上許容される塩。 - (a)治療上有効量の請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の化合物、又は、その医薬上許容される塩;及び、
(b)それに対する医薬上許容される基剤、希釈剤、又は、賦形剤
を含有する医薬組成物。 - 治療上有効量の請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の化合物、又は、その医薬上許容される塩を含有する、プロテインキナーゼ活性によって媒介される哺乳類の疾患症状の処置用医薬。
- 哺乳類の疾患症状が、腫瘍成長、細胞増殖又は血管形成に関連するものである請求項6記載の医薬。
- 有効量の請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の化合物、又は、その医薬上許容される塩とプロテインキナーゼ受容体とを接触させることにより該キナーゼ受容体の活性を調節するための医薬。
- プロテインキナーゼ受容体が、VEGF受容体である請求項8記載の医薬。
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| WO2025240536A1 (en) | 2024-05-15 | 2025-11-20 | Nikang Therapeutics, Inc. | Bifunctional compounds containing 2,5-substituted pyrimidine derivatives for degrading cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and/or cyclin-dependent kinase 4 via ubiquitin proteasome pathway |
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| CN118994101B (zh) * | 2024-08-08 | 2025-10-31 | 安徽医科大学 | 一种芳基吲唑环类化合物、制备方法、药物组合物及用途 |
| EP4707274A1 (en) * | 2024-09-10 | 2026-03-11 | Universidad Autónoma de Madrid | Sp3-analogues of axitinib and medical uses thereof |
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