JP2019025480A - 圧縮着火エンジンのための酸化触媒 - Google Patents
圧縮着火エンジンのための酸化触媒 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
(a)パラジウム(Pd)及び酸化セリウムを含む第一の担体材料を含む第一のウォッシュコートゾーン;並びに白金(Pt)及び第二の担体材料を含む第二のウォッシュコートゾーン;この際、第二のウォッシュコートゾーンは、第一のウォッシュコートゾーンの下流の基材の上に配置又は担持される;又は
(b)パラジウム(Pd)及び酸化セリウムを含む第一の担体材料を含む第一のウォッシュコート層;並びに白金(Pt)及び第二の担体材料を含む第二のウォッシュコート層;この際、第一のウォッシュコート層は、第二のウォッシュコート層の上に配置又は担持される、
を含むときに、減らされ得又は防がれ得る。
(i)選択式触媒還元(SCR)触媒、好ましくは酸化触媒の下流のSCR触媒、特に酸化触媒がディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)であるか又はディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)として使用されるとき;
(ii)選択式触媒還元フィルタ(SCRF(商標))触媒、好ましくは酸化触媒の下流のSCRF(商標)触媒、特に酸化触媒がディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)であるか又はディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)として使用されるとき;
(iii)ディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ(DPF)又は触媒化スートフィルタ(CSF)、好ましくは酸化触媒の下流のDPF又はCSF、特に酸化触媒がディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)であるか又はディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)として使用されるとき;
(iv)ディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)、好ましくは本発明の酸化触媒の上流のDOC、特に酸化触媒が触媒化スートフィルタ(CSF)であるか又は触媒化スートフィルタ(CSF)として使用される場合;
(v)ディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ(DPF)又は触媒化スートフィルタ(CSF)及び選択式触媒還元(SCR)触媒、好ましくは酸化触媒の下流のDPF又はCSF及びDPF又はCSFの下流のSCR触媒、特に酸化触媒がディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)であるか又はディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)として使用されるとき;
(vi)ディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)及び選択式触媒還元(SCR)触媒、好ましくは本発明の酸化触媒の上流のDOC及び本発明の酸化触媒の下流のSCR触媒、特に酸化触媒が触媒化スートフィルタ(CSF)であるか又は触媒化スートフィルタ(CSF)として使用されるとき;或いは
(vii)選択式触媒還元(SCR)触媒及びディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ(DPF)か又は触媒化スートフィルタ(CSF)の何れか、好ましくは酸化触媒の下流のSCR触媒及びSCR触媒の下流のDPF又はCSF、特に酸化触媒がディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)であるか又はディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)として使用されるとき。
定義
硝酸パラジウムは、水中のセリアのスラリーに添加された。硝酸パラジウムを含むスラリーは撹拌され、均質化した後、従来のコーティング技法を用いて300セル/平方インチで金属基材の上にコートされ、第一の層を形成した。コートされた部分は乾燥され、500℃で焼成された。
アルミナスラリーは、d90が20ミクロン未満である粒子サイズに粉砕されたアルミナ粉末を用いて調製された。可溶性の白金及びパラジウム塩が添加され、得られるスラリーは撹拌され、均質化した。次に、このスラリーは、従来のコーティング技法を用いて300セル/平方インチで金属基材の上にコートされ、第一の層を形成した。該部分は乾燥され、500℃で焼成された。
実施例1及び2の触媒は、800℃で16時間熱水老化された。各々の触媒はベンチが搭載されたエンジン上に取り付けられ、(a)温度ランプを用いたそのCOライトオフ、及び(b)シミュレーションされるMVEG−Bドライブサイクル上でのそのN2O排出について試験された。排出測定値は各々の触媒の上流及び下流の両方で連続的に記録された。
硝酸パラジウムが、水中のセリアのスラリーに添加された。硝酸パラジウムを含むスラリーは撹拌され、均質化した後、従来のコーティング技法を用いてセラミック基材の上にコートされた。コートされた部分は乾燥され、500℃で焼成された。セリアのローディングは2.7g in−3であった(実施例3から5)。セリアのローディングの百分率としてのパラジウムのローディングは、次のように様々であった:1wt%(実施例3);2wt%(実施例4);4wt%(実施例5)。コートされた部分の各々を、750℃で15時間熱水老化された。
実施例3、4及び5の触媒の各々から1×3”コアサンプルが採取され、合成ガスリグ上で試験された。試験を実施するために用いられたガス混合物は下の表2に示される。
硝酸パラジウムは、水中のセリアのスラリーに添加された。硝酸パラジウムを含有するスラリーは撹拌され、均質化した後、従来のコーティング技法を用いてセラミック基材の上にコートされた。コートされた部分は乾燥され、500℃で焼成された。パラジウムのローディングは46.7g ft−3(実施例6から8)であった。セリアのローディングは、次のように様々であった:1.35g in−3(実施例6);0.9g in−3(実施例7);0.675g in−3(実施例8)。セリアのローディングの百分率としてのパラジウムのローディングは、次の通りである:2wt%(実施例6);3wt%(実施例7);4wt%(実施例8)。コートされた部分の各々は、750℃で15時間熱水老化された。
実施例3、6、7及び8の触媒の各々から1×3”コアサンプルが採取され、合成ガスリグ上で試験された。実施例3及び6から8を試験するために用いた方法及びガス混合物は上記実施例3から5に用いたものと同じであった。結果は図3に示される。
Claims (15)
- 圧縮着火エンジンからの排ガスを処理するための酸化触媒であって、
基材;
パラジウム(Pd)及び、酸化セリウムを含む第一の担体材料を含む第一のウォッシュコート領域;並びに
白金(Pt)及び、第二の担体材料を含む第二のウォッシュコート領域、を含む、酸化触媒。 - 第二のウォッシュコート領域が、パラジウム(Pd)をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の酸化触媒。
- 白金(Pt)の質量が、第二のウォッシュコート領域中のパラジウム(Pd)の質量よりも大きい、請求項2に記載の酸化触媒。
- 第二の担体材料が、耐熱性金属酸化物を含む、請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の酸化触媒。
- 耐熱性金属酸化物が、アルミナ、シリカ、チタニア、ジルコニア、セリア及びそのうちの二又はそれ以上の混合もしくは複合酸化物からなる群から選択される、請求項4に記載の酸化触媒。
- 耐熱性金属酸化物がアルミナである、請求項5に記載の酸化触媒。
- 第一のウォッシュコート領域が、2重量%未満、好ましくは0.25から1.9重量%の量のパラジウム(Pd)を含む、請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載の酸化触媒。
- 第一のウォッシュコート領域が第一のウォッシュコートゾーンであって、第二のウォッシュコート領域が第二のウォッシュコートゾーンであり、かつ、第二のウォッシュコートゾーンが、前記第一のウォッシュコートゾーンの下流の基材の上に配置又は担持される、請求項1から7の何れか一項に記載の酸化触媒。
- 第一のウォッシュコート領域が第一のウォッシュコート層であって、第二のウォッシュコート領域が第二のウォッシュコート層であり、かつ、第一のウォッシュコート層が、第二のウォッシュコート層の上に配置又は担持されている、請求項1から7の何れか一項に記載の酸化触媒。
- 第二のウォッシュコート領域が、0.2から15重量%の量の白金(Pt)を含む、請求項1から9の何れか一項に記載の酸化触媒。
- 請求項1から10の何れか一項に記載の酸化触媒、及び排気浄化装置を含む排気系。
- 圧縮着火エンジンと、
(a)請求項1から10の何れか一項に記載の酸化触媒;又は
(b)請求項11に記載の排気系
の何れかとを含む、車両。 - 実質的な量の亜酸化窒素(N2O)を生成することなく、圧縮着火エンジンからの排ガスを処理するための、請求項1から10の何れか一項に記載の酸化触媒の使用。
- 任意選択的に排気浄化装置と組み合わせる、圧縮着火エンジンからの排ガス中の受動性NOx吸収剤(PNA)としての、請求項1から10の何れか一項に記載の酸化触媒の使用。
- 排気浄化装置のための、圧縮着火エンジンからの排ガス中のNOxの含有量を調節する方法であって、
(a)排ガスと請求項1から10の何れか一項に記載の酸化触媒とを接触させて、処理された排ガスを生成することにより、排ガスのNOx含有量を制御すること;及び
(b)処理された排ガスを排気浄化装置に通すこと
を含む、方法。
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