JP5460593B2 - メンブランフィルタを洗浄する方法 - Google Patents
メンブランフィルタを洗浄する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5460593B2 JP5460593B2 JP2010519164A JP2010519164A JP5460593B2 JP 5460593 B2 JP5460593 B2 JP 5460593B2 JP 2010519164 A JP2010519164 A JP 2010519164A JP 2010519164 A JP2010519164 A JP 2010519164A JP 5460593 B2 JP5460593 B2 JP 5460593B2
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 periodic acid compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- JGJLWPGRMCADHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypobromite Chemical compound Br[O-] JGJLWPGRMCADHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005385 peroxodisulfate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- KHIWWQKSHDUIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N periodic acid Chemical compound OI(=O)(=O)=O KHIWWQKSHDUIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 33
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 7
- ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodate Chemical compound [O-]I(=O)=O ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- JQWHASGSAFIOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium periodate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]I(=O)(=O)=O JQWHASGSAFIOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 241000872931 Myoporum sandwicense Species 0.000 description 3
- GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-N-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound CN(CCC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)CC=C GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000021056 liquid food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000014101 wine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000007068 beta-elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000010523 cascade reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015122 lemonade Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cyclopentane Natural products CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000020043 port wine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000020046 sherry Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000014214 soft drink Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](OC2[C@H](O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUZNLSBZRVZGIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinol Chemical group CC1(C)CCCC(C)(C)N1O VUZNLSBZRVZGIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003691 Amadori rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000099147 Ananas comosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007119 Ananas comosus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002498 Beta-glucan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010084185 Cellulases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000005575 Cellulases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 240000000560 Citrus x paradisi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N Dialdehyde 11678 Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1[C@H](C[C@H](/C(=C/O)C(=O)OC)[C@@H](C=C)C=O)NCC2 ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002085 Dialdehyde starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008694 Humulus lupulus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940025131 amylases Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010504 bond cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019987 cider Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002373 hemiacetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- NALMPLUMOWIVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,4-trimethylbenzeneamine oxide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+](C)(C)[O-])C=C1 NALMPLUMOWIVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ODUCDPQEXGNKDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitroxyl Chemical class O=N ODUCDPQEXGNKDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWLXDPFBEPBAQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N orthoperiodic acid Chemical compound OI(O)(O)(O)(O)=O TWLXDPFBEPBAQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000004968 peroxymonosulfuric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012492 regenerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl=O UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960002218 sodium chlorite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015281 sodium iodate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011697 sodium iodate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940032753 sodium iodate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004458 spent grain Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DAFQZPUISLXFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraoxathiolane 5,5-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OOOO1 DAFQZPUISLXFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015192 vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/08—Cleaning involving contact with liquid the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D41/00—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements outside the filter for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D41/04—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements outside the filter for liquid or gaseous fluids of rigid self-supporting filtering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
- C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
- C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
- C11D3/3907—Organic compounds
- C11D3/3917—Nitrogen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
- C11D3/3942—Inorganic per-compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
- C11D3/3947—Liquid compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
- C11D3/3956—Liquid compositions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
Description
→ RC(H)O+R’C(H)O+NaIO3
この反応の適用範囲は広い。特にあらゆる種類の糖類の分野において、この反応は広く研究されている(Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry,R.D..Guthrie,ed.,Vol.XVI,page 105-158,1961,Associated Press, New York の論文を参照)。重要な適用はジアルデヒドスターチおよびジアルデヒドセルロースに見出された。過ヨウ素酸塩により酸化される興味深い他のグループとしては、スルフィドを酸化して得られるスルホキシドと、ジヒドロキシベンゼンを酸化して得られるキノンとがある。
Associated Press, New York)に記載されている。予想されるこの反応の手順はFloor et al.により(Recl.Trav.Chim.Pays−Bas,107(1989)384))で、またVeelaertにより(Thesis, 1995-1996, University of Gent, Bergium)で論じられている。この反応により得られる主な結果は、多糖類分子が開裂することと、カルボキシレート含有物質が形成されることである。これらの生成物は、元の化合物よりも水に溶解し易く、またほとんど吸着作用を示さない。
使用する膜はポリエーテルスルホン/PVPタイプ製の中空糸膜タイプであり、表面積が0.0235m2のモジュールに長さ300mmの20本の中空糸が含まれる。ポンプを使ってビールを1バールの開始圧力で繊維に通す。
温度0(±1)℃のビールを、クロスフロー条件(速度2m/s)で107リットル/(m2・h・バール)の一定の透過流量で膜を通して濾過する。処置はトランス膜圧力が1.6バールを超えるまで続ける(通常、4時間かかる)。汚染後、清浄水の透過流量は7500−15000リットル/(m2・h・バール)である。
b pH12、60℃のNaOH溶液でアルカリ処理実施、
c 10分間、室温、pH2で硝酸を使って酸処理実施、
d (または)過酸化水素およびNaOHで酸化処理実施。
(参考例1)過ヨウ素酸塩/水酸化ナトリウムによる洗浄
前述したように汚染膜を逆洗で洗浄する。この処理後における清浄水の透過流量は10000リットル/(m2・h・バール)である。次いで過ヨウ素酸塩(0.024M)および水酸化ナトリウム(0.04M)を含有する溶液をモジュールに循環させる。溶液の温度は全工程を通して70℃に維持する。45分後にモジュールを外してアルカリ性溶液で洗浄する。この処理後の清浄水透過流量は49000リットル/(m2・h・バール)である。
(実施例2)過ヨウ素酸塩/水酸化ナトリウム/ペルオキソ二硫酸ナトリウムによる洗浄
逆洗で前洗浄した汚染膜モジュールに、過ヨウ素酸塩(0.46mM)、ペルオキソ二硫酸ナトリウム(0.008M)および水酸化ナトリウム(0.11M)を含有する水溶液を循環させる。溶液の温度は全工程を通して70℃に維持する。45分後にモジュールを溶液から取り出す。この処理後の清浄水透過流量は48800リットル/(m2・h・バール)である。
(参考例3)pH3において過ヨウ素酸塩による洗浄
逆洗で前洗浄した汚染膜モジュールに、25℃、pH3の過ヨウ素酸塩水溶液(9.4mM)を循環させる。45分間さらした後にモジュールを溶液から取り出してアルカリ性溶液で洗浄する。清浄水透過流量は41800リットル/(m2・h・バール)である。
(参考例4)ヨウ素酸塩/過マンガン酸塩による洗浄
前述のように逆洗によって汚染膜を洗浄する。この処理後の清浄水透過流量は9700リットル/(m2・h・バール)である。次に、ヨウ素酸塩(1,2mM)を含有し、さらに過マンガン酸カリウム(0.032M)およびNaOH(0.08M)を含有する溶液を循環させてモジュールを洗浄する。溶液の温度は60℃に維持する。45分後に二酸化マンガン(MnO2)を除去するためにアスコルビン酸(0.5%)およびシュウ酸(0.5%)を含有する溶液で膜を洗浄する。清浄水透過流量は48500リットル/(m2・h・バール)である。
(参考例5)ヨウ素酸ナトリウムおよびペルオキソ二硫酸塩による洗浄
逆洗で前洗浄した汚染膜モジュールに、ヨウ素酸塩(0.010M)およびNaOH(0.011M)の水溶液を70℃、pH7で循環させる。45分間さらした後、モジュールを溶液から取り出して酸性溶液で洗浄する。このとき、清浄水透過流量は16000リットル/(m2・h・バール)である。このことは、ヨウ素酸塩は洗浄に寄与しないこと、さらに実施例2ならびに参考例1、3、および4に記載したような洗浄は過ヨウ素酸塩の作用に起因することを暗示する。
(実施例6)過ヨウ素酸塩/水酸化ナトリウム/過酸化水素による洗浄
汚染した膜モジュールを逆洗で前洗浄し、過ヨウ素酸塩(1.2mM)、水酸化ナトリウム(0.11M)を含有する水溶液を循環させる。洗浄工程の間に過酸化水素を添加する(合計量は45ミリモル/リットル)。処理温度は全工程を通して70℃に維持する。45分後にモジュールを溶液から取り出す。清浄水透過流量は40700リットル/(m2・h・バール)である。
(参考例7)過ヨウ素酸塩/水酸化ナトリウムによる洗浄
過酸化水素の添加は行わずに、実施例6に記載した工程を繰り返した。清浄水透過流量は34200リットル/(m2・h・バール)である。
Claims (8)
- 有機物を含有する液体を処理するフィルタの洗浄方法であって、
(b)pH値が6超であり、過ヨウ素酸化合物と、ペルオキソ二硫酸塩または過酸化水素とを含む溶液をフィルタに接触させる工程を含む方法。 - 15〜95℃の温度で方法を実施する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 過ヨウ素酸化合物は8×10−5〜0.5モル/リットルの濃度で使用する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1の工程(b)において、過ヨウ素酸化合物の濃度は1.2ミリモル/リットル未満である方法。
- 前記洗浄方法で反応した過ヨウ素酸化合物を、pHが6超において酸化剤によって再生する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 再生のための酸化剤は、3〜20ミリモル/リットルの濃度で添加する請求項5に記載の方法。
- 再生のための酸化剤は、次亜塩素酸塩、次亜臭素酸塩またはオゾンである請求項6に記載の方法。
- フィルタが、メンブランフィルタである請求項1に記載の方法。
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| NL2000791A NL2000791C2 (nl) | 2007-07-31 | 2007-07-31 | Werkwijze voor het reinigen van procesuitrusting zoals filters. |
| NL2000790A NL2000790C2 (nl) | 2007-07-31 | 2007-07-31 | Werkwijze voor het reinigen van filtermembranen. |
| NL2000790 | 2007-07-31 | ||
| PCT/NL2008/050485 WO2009017400A1 (en) | 2007-07-31 | 2008-07-16 | A method for cleaning filter membranes |
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| ES2666122T3 (es) * | 2012-07-13 | 2018-05-03 | Basf Se | Uso de tensioactivos no iónicos alcoxilados como aditivo en composiciones acuosas de limpieza de membrana |
| CN107596922B (zh) * | 2017-10-23 | 2020-05-19 | 华中科技大学 | 一种清除膜污染并控制副产物生成的组合式化学清洗方法 |
| CN113426302A (zh) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 河北工业大学 | 陶瓷膜清洗方法及清洗装置 |
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