JPH0226912A - Splittable conjugate fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the title bulky fiber with soft feel by conjugating each specific three kinds of fiber-forming polymers to form a core segment at the center and plural petalous segments so as to surround the core segment. CONSTITUTION:Using three components as fiber-forming polymers, i.e., (1) the first polymer, (2) the second polymer with its hot water shrinkage lower than that of the first polymer by >=5%, and (3) the third polymer with its solubility higher than those of both the first and second polymers, the polymer 1 and polymer 2 are mutually conjugated through the polymer 3, thus obtaining the objective conjugate fiber. In this fiber, a core segment A is formed at the center from the polymer 1, and plural petalous segments B <=0.5de in fineness are formed from the polymer 2 so as to surround the core segment A, and also at least part of the polymer 3 is exposed on the fiber surface.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a splittable conjugate fiber consisting of eight components.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, a method is known in which a composite fiber is made into a cloth and then the -component polymer is dissolved and removed to obtain a cloth made of ultrafine fibers. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-2805 proposes a two-component fiber having a cross section as shown in FIG. When such filaments are split mechanically, the segments are dispersed and a bulky fabric is obtained. However, when splitting is done by dissolving and removing the radial polymer, the remaining split segments reconverge. They tend to have poor bulk and are difficult to obtain a soft texture.

In order to solve the above problems, composite fibers made of three-component polymers have been proposed in recent years. For example, the special public service 1986-194
Publication No. 247 describes a three-component composite fiber having a cross section as shown in Figure 3, in which the core component is an elastic polymer, the island component surrounding the core is an inelastic polymer, and the soluble polymer sea component is spun by chip blending. is listed.

Furthermore, JP-A No. 57-21519 has a drawing as shown in FIG. 9, in which component A is a copolymerized polyester of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid metal salt, component B is polyester, and component C is a dissolved component. Composite fibers have been proposed.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the composite fiber disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-194247j9-, it is difficult to control the segment form and fineness of the elastic polymer (and the inelastic polymer is discontinuous in the fiber axis direction). Therefore, when the sea component is dissolved and removed after m-knitting, it becomes fluffy and easily scatters (and the silky luster and soft feel are easily lost).

In addition, when crimping is caused by the difference in shrinkage rate of AB acid components after the C component is dissolved and removed in the composite fiber disclosed in JP-A-57-21519, the crimping of the two-component composite spun yarn is Compared to yarns, it has poor expression and it is difficult to control crimp, and it also has insufficient bulk and soft feel compared to differentially shrinkable mixed fiber yarns.

The present invention solves the drawbacks shown in the prior art, that is, the remaining segments tend to converge after dissolving and removing a one-component polymer, and makes the fine segments around the core continuous in the fiber axis direction, thereby freeing the fineness of the segments. The purpose is to propose splittable composite 41 fibers that can produce bulky fabrics with a soft texture and firmness.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a conjugate fiber formed by joining three types of fiber-forming limers, the first comb fiber having a hot water shrinkage rate 5% or more higher than that of the second polymer and the 24th limer. polymer and are bonded via a third polymer having higher solubility than both polymers, the first polymer forms one core segment (A) occupying approximately the center of the composite am, and the 21st reamer forms one core segment (A) that occupies approximately the center of the composite am. Fineness 0.5 arranged so as to surround the core segment (A)
a plurality of petal-like segments CB) having a denier or less;
Furthermore, it is a splittable conjugate fiber characterized by having a small amount of the third polymer (a portion of which is exposed on the surface of the conjugate fiber).

As the first and 211th fiber-forming polymers used in the present invention, the hot water shrinkage rate of the first polymer is 55% higher than that of the second polymer.
%, preferably 7% or more. As the first polymer, for example, isophthalic acid is used in an amount of 8 to 1 O
Examples include polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with mo1%, more preferably 5 to 8 mo1%.

Further, as the second polymer, polyamide, polyester, polyolefin, etc. are useful. Examples of polyamides include nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 61o, and copolyamides containing these as main components. Examples of the polyester include polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene oxybenzoate, 1-4 dimethylcyclohexane terephthalate, polyvivalolactone, and copolyesters containing these as main components, with polyethylene terephthalate being particularly preferred. Polyethylene and polypropylene are useful as polyolefins. Polymers other than those listed are also fiber-forming polymers.
If the hot water shrinkage rate is 5% or more smaller than that of the first polymer, it can be applied to the present invention.

When the difference in hot water shrinkage is less than 5%, when the fabric is made into a fabric, the bearing effect described below will not occur and a soft texture will not develop.

The third polymer having high solubility is selected in consideration of the combination with the first and second polymers. When the first and second remers are polyamide, polyester, or polyolefin, the third polymer is a copolymerized polyester with high alkali hydrolyzability, for example, ? Polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with one or two dicarboxylic acids other than terephthalic acid having realkylene glycol or metal sulfonate groups is useful. Also useful are polyesters, polyolefins versus polyamides, polyesters, polyamides versus polyolefins, and the like. For example, when polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with isophthalic acid is used as the first polymer, polyethylene terephthalate is used as the second polymer, and polystyrene is used as the third polymer, the treatment can be performed with an organic solvent such as toluene.

Furthermore, water-soluble (including hot water-soluble) polymers are also preferred because of their versatility. Useful water-soluble polymers include polyoxyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, and water-based polyamide. Regarding polyoxyethylene, it is often preferable to have a relatively large molecular weight, for example, 100,000 or more, especially 500,000 or more, and polyvinyl alcohol has a melting point of 150 to 100,000.
A temperature of about 180°C is preferable. Examples of water-soluble polyamides include polyamides made of diamine and carboxylic acid in which one or both ends of the piperazine ring are alkylaminated, and polyamides copolymerized with lactam or the like. For example, a polyamide composed of N,N-bisaminopropylbiperazine and adipic acid is preferable because it is soluble in hot water.

The composite fiber of the present invention uses a combination of polymers and has a specific shape as described below.

This will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example of the cross section of the composite fiber of the present invention. In the figure, the highly soluble third polymer is produced by dividing the fiber-forming polymer into one core segment (A) made of the first polymer and eight petal-like segments (B) made of the second polymer. There is.

That is, the core segment (1) consists of a high shrinkage polymer located approximately in the center of the cross section, and the petal-shaped segment (B) consists of a low shrinkage polymer that is arranged to surround the core segment (A).

In Composite III of the present invention, the greater the dome-in degree of the core segment (A), the shorter the time required for the dissolution treatment of the third polymer described below, and the easier it is to impart tension and elasticity when made into a fabric. can. For this reason, it is preferable that the degree is 1.2 deniers or more, and particularly preferably 2 to 4 deniers.

The petal-shaped segments (B) need to have a fineness of 0.5 denier or less in order to obtain a soft texture. Therefore, the number of segments is usually 6 or more, especially 6 to 2.
0 pieces, more preferably 8 to 16 pieces. If the number of petal-like segments (B) is less than 5, the core segments (A) will partially adjoin after fiber splitting, resulting in a lack of soft texture. In addition, if the number of petal-shaped segments (B) is more than 20, the structure of the cap becomes too complicated and manufacturing becomes difficult, and the strength of the petal-shaped segments Q3) on the sides of the splitting shoulder becomes too small. It is easy to break single threads (and the texture often does not last long).

The shape of the petal-shaped segment (B) is preferably a bulging fan shape as shown in FIG. 1.8, a trapezoid as shown in FIG. 2.4, or a fan shape with a pointed center as shown in FIG. Size and/or of individual petal-like segments (B) constituting one filament
Alternatively, the shapes may be the same or may vary. However, when changing the size of each individual petal-like segment (B), it is preferable for production to make it rotationally symmetrical as shown in FIG.

In general, polymers with high solubility have a lower softening point than fiber-forming polymers, have greater water absorption and oil absorption, and tend to cause filaments to stick together during the production process. For this reason, especially when using a highly adhesive polymer as the third remer, it is preferable to increase the proportion of the petal-shaped segments (6) on the filament surface as much as possible, especially at least 50%, especially at least 70%. is preferred. However, it is essential that at least a portion of the third polymer be exposed on the surface of the composite fiber to facilitate contact with the bath agent.

After knitting and weaving the composite fiber according to the present invention, the third polymer is dissolved and fibrillated into a plurality of petal-shaped segments (B) and a core segment (A),
Next, heat treatment is performed to shrink the core segment (A). The composite fiber may be mixed with other fibers, and the weaving method is not particularly limited. In addition, known post-processing such as flexibility and antistatic processing may be applied.

(Function) The function of each segment of this composite fiber will be described. The core segment (A) serves to prevent the petal-shaped segment (B) from gathering in the center and reducing the volume and impairing the texture when the highly soluble third polymer is dissolved and removed. Because of the presence of the core segment (A), the petal-like segments (B) do not gather at the center (and the degree of freedom of the individual petal-like segments (B) is maintained, resulting in a bulky and soft texture.Second When the third rIF reamer is decomposed or dissolved and removed, the core segment (A) is located inside the petal-shaped segment (B) because it has a higher hot water shrinkage rate than the petal-shaped segment (B), and therefore the adjacent Since the petal-like segment (B) is always present between the fibrillated composite fiber core segment (A), a bearing effect is generated and the soft texture is increased.This state is removed after melting and heat treatment. This is shown in Figure 11, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of composite fibers.On the other hand, in the conventional method of mixing thick fibers and thin fibers to make a fabric, the side fibers are generally biased as shown in Figure 1θ, resulting in soft wind. (Furthermore, the fabric after dyeing often looks like dyed spots. Thirdly, with the fiber provided with the core segment (A), the time required for dissolving the third polymer after making it into a fabric is short. Therefore, especially when splitting by alkaline hydrolysis, the weight loss of the petal-like segment (B) is small, which is advantageous.Fourthly, the core segment (
The size of A) is determined by adjusting the tension and waist of the fabric depending on the purpose.

(Examples) Example 1 An 8-component composite fiber 100d/25f having a cross section as shown in FIG. 1 was produced by the ABC 8-component composite spinning method. ABO
The combination of ingredients is as shown in Table 1.

Mu component: B component: C component (weight ratio) = 85 parts: 45 parts =
20 parts Spinning temperature 298°C Take-up speed 800 m/min Stretching ratio 8.9 times Heat treatment temperature 150°C Single yarn a degree 4 denier fineness A:B:O=1.4:0.28
: Margin of 0.8 or less These fibers are individually woven and treated with alkali to have a margin of 0.
The layer was washed with warm water at 100° C. to dissolve and remove the components.

Result 1 For samples 8 to 5, fabrics with extremely good softness, firmness, and bulkiness were obtained.

Example 2 Composite fibers having the same composition as sample No. 018 but with different ABC component ratios and single fiber fineness, that is, composite fibers as shown in Table 2, were made by combining segment ABC, and after weaving, alkali treatment and hot water treatment were carried out. Cleaning was carried out.

Results Figures 1 to 6 show the cross-section of the 8-component dissolving and splitting type composite 11M of the present invention, Figure 7 shows the cross section of the conventional two-component n-fibrillation type composite S pongee, and Figures 3 to 9 show the conventional 8 component system n fibrillation type composite 111
FIG. 10 is a cross section of a conventional mixed yarn bundle, and FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of a fiber bundle after splitting the fibers of the present invention.

A: Core segment B: Petal-shaped segment Samples 8 to 18 produced fabrics with excellent softness, firmness, and bulk.

(Effects of the Invention) Woven and knitted fabrics using Jili1 fibers obtained by the present invention have superior bulkiness to woven and knitted fabrics using conventional split-type composite fibers, and have tension due to the core segment at the center of the filament. It also has a very good effect on the waist and the soft texture due to the bearing effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

No. figure 10th figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A composite fiber made by joining three types of fiber-forming polymers, in which the second polymer and the first polymer, which has a hot water shrinkage rate 5% or more higher than the second polymer, have higher solubility than both polymers. are bonded via a third polymer,
The first polymer forms one core segment (A) occupying approximately the center of the composite fiber, and the second polymer forms a plurality of core segments (A) with a fineness of 0.5 denier or less arranged so as to surround the core segment (A). A splittable conjugate fiber comprising a petal-shaped segment (B) and further comprising at least a portion of a third polymer exposed on the surface of the conjugate fiber.