JPH0830287B2 - Polyester 3-component composite yarn - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Industrial Field The present invention relates to polyester ternary composite systems. More specifically, the sea component C surrounding the core component A and the island component B in the sea component C
The present invention relates to a polyester 3-component core-sheath composite system in which is dispersed.

[Prior Art] Two-component composite fibers are well known, and their typical application and usage are to remove easily eluted components from two different components or separate each other components to form an ultrafine fiber bundle. That is.

For example, JP-A-57-121634 has at least 10 low-definition segments (islands) arranged on the outer periphery and one high-fineness segment (core) completely surrounded by a matrix (sea). A two-component core-sheath type composite fiber is disclosed, in which the same component, for example, polyamide is used for the core component and the island component which are the segments, and the polyamide is used for the matrix (sea component). Therefore, when an ultrafine fiber bundle is to be obtained from the fibers, the island component located on the outer periphery is mechanically separated from the matrix by false twisting, and false twisting is required in addition to the general yarn making process. Become. In addition, since it is necessary to peel off by false twisting, it is necessary for the segment to have a combination of polymers that have no affinity for each other.In the case of a combination of polyamide and polyester, in addition to the usual one step dyeing step, another dyeing step Is required. Further, since the fabric after false twisting has crimps on all of the islands, the cores and the matrix, it has flexibility but is stretched, and only a fabric without stiffness is obtained.

On the other hand, JP-A-59-187672 discloses a sea-island composite fiber composed of two components, in which two types of islands having different denier regions are present in the sea component. The fibers are obtained by removing the sea component to obtain an ultrafine fiber bundle composed of two types of island components having different denier. As a method of using the fiber, short fibers having a length of 50 mm are used and a non-woven fabric is used. A napped product is formed by forming and nap raising after removing sea components. The use of such short fibers has the advantage that naps with uniform lengths of ultrafine fibers can be obtained, but on the other hand, when used in long fiber fabrics, island components of thick denier appear on the surface of the fabric, and when dyed, thick denier It has the drawbacks that the island component looks like dark-colored streaks, and that the fluff made of thick denier island component has poor anti-pilling property when napped. Furthermore, on the textured surface, due to the formation of voids by removing the sea component and the island component of fine vinyl,
Softness is obtained, but it is difficult to obtain a woven fabric that is tense and has a satisfactory waist. Further, in the case of this composite yarn, the solubility of the sea component and the island component in the solvent is extremely important in order to remove the sea component and obtain a fiber bundle of ultrafine fibers. Ease of dissolution operation for weight reduction processing of polyethylene terephthalate,
From the viewpoint of cost, an alkaline aqueous solution is preferably used. Here, the conventional sea component made of polyester has a drawback that the island component, which is an ultrafine fiber, is greatly reduced in amount in order to completely dissolve the sea component. This is because if the alkali reduction ratio of the sea component to the island component is increased, the spinnability deteriorates, and the strength and elongation of the composite yarn decreases, and there is no choice but to reduce the alkali reduction ratio. by. For this reason, it is common to use polymers other than polyester as the sea component from an aqueous soluble type such as an alkaline aqueous solution to another solvent soluble type. In this case, there is a defect that the yarn formability is deteriorated due to yarn breakage due to a low affinity between the components, and a cost is increased for desorption of the sea component.

Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-1354 discloses a three-component composite fiber in which at least two types of island components having different shrinkage ratios are dispersed in the sea component. However, the fiber is a mixture of extremely fine island components having the same fineness with a difference in shrinkage ratio mixed in the fiber. Therefore, although a fabric having flexibility can be obtained, the tension and the waist cannot be satisfied at the same time. It is a thing. Further, as described above, in order to obtain an ultrafine fiber bundle from the composite fiber, the solubility of the sea component and the island component in the solvent is extremely important, but in the fiber, polystyrene is used as the sea component, Since the affinity between the components is low, there have been problems such as a decrease in yarn formability due to yarn breakage and an increase in cost when dissolving sea components.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention has a feeling that is not obtained with conventional two-component composite yarns and three-component composite yarns, that is, has softness and tension, and also satisfies waist. In addition, it is possible to provide a woven or knitted fabric having a soft feel by raising the surface thereof, and since all components are polyester, stable operability from the yarn making process to the dyeing and finishing process is obtained. It is intended to provide a polyester three-component composite yarn aiming at low cost of sea removal.

[Means for Solving the Problem] The above-described object is that the core component A, the island component B, and the sea component C are made of different polyesters, and the core component A has a dry heat shrinkage of 10% or more than the island component B. The sea component C has a higher alkali weight loss ratio than both the core component A and the island component B.
30 or more, and the island component B in the cross section of the composite filament
Satisfies the following equations (1), (2) and (3), and the island component B is scattered so as to surround the core component A and is dispersed in the sea component C without uneven distribution. This can be achieved by using a polyester three-component composite yarn.

2.5DB ≤ DA ≤ 35DB (1) 0.04 ≤ DB ≤ 0.6 (2) 4 ≤ FB ≤ 20 (3) DA: Denier of core component A that composes the composite filament (D) DB: Island component B1 that composes the composite filament Denier (D) FB: Number of islands of island component B constituting composite filament (pieces) Next, the composite system of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings for easier understanding, but the present invention is not limited to this. is not.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a composite filament showing an example of the polyester three-component composite system of the present invention. A is the core component A, B is the island component B, and C is the sea component C. In this figure, there are nine B components, and each component B is separated by the sea component C, and the core component A and the sea component C are separated.
Are separated by There is one core component A in the composite filament, and it is preferable that the position is closer to the center of gravity of the yarn cross section of the composite filament and the center of gravity of the core component A.
The cross-sectional shape of the core component A may be a round cross section, a flat cross section, or a multi-lobed cross section as shown in the figure. The denier of the core component A that composes the composite filament has a close relationship with the island component B from the texture surface, and when the denier of one island component is DB, it must be in the range of 2.5DB to 35DB, 4DB
The range from to 25 DB is preferred. If the core component has a denier of less than 2.5 DB, the difference in denier from the island component is too small, so only flexibility is emphasized, and only products that are firm and firm are obtained, while the core component has a denier of 35 DB. On the contrary, when it exceeds, the texture is emphasized on the contrary. In this sense, the denier of the core component A is preferably 0.8 denier to 5 denier, more preferably 1 denier to 3 denier.

The number of the island component B present in the composite filament is important from the viewpoint of the texture and needs to be 4 to 20, preferably 8 to 16. When the number of island components B is 3 or less, the product has a hard texture in which the core component of thick denier is emphasized, and when it is 21 or more, it becomes a soft texture in which the ultrafine island component is emphasized and it is firm and lacks waist. It becomes a product. The denier of the island component B present in the composite filament in any kind is preferably uniform, and the cross-sectional shape is not limited, but is preferably circular, elliptical, or flat. The denier of island component B must be in the range of 0.04 to 0.6 denier, 0.08
A range of denier to 0.4 denier is preferred. Island component B
When the denier is less than 0.04 denier, a soft touch feeling is obtained, but the softness is excessively emphasized, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when it exceeds 0.6 denier, the product feel is emphasized in hardness, which is not preferable. The arrangement state of the island component B in the composite filament needs to be scattered so as to surround the core component A from the stable operability and the texture surface, and to be dispersed in the sea component C without uneven distribution. In addition, the island component B existing between the core component A and the outer periphery of the cross section of the composite filament
1 may be one layer as shown in FIG. 1, but may be two layers as shown in FIG. 2 and may be three layers or more when the number of islands is further increased. Here, interspersing island components means that the island components are not in contact with each other, and adjacent island components B
The state in which the sea component C intervenes is said.

Here, it will be described with reference to FIG. 3 that the island components are dispersed without being unevenly distributed.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the yarn axis of the composite yarn. In the present invention, the island component B may be one layer or multiple layers on the outer periphery of the core component A as described above, but FIG. 3 shows the island component of the first layer closest to the core component. The island component B has _n islands from the island component B ₁ to the island component B _n . A straight line OK ₁ passing through the center of gravity O of the core component A and the center of gravity P ₁ of any island component B ₁ intersects the interface of the island component B ₁ at Q and R, and the line segment P ₁ Q and the line segment P ₁ When each midpoint of R is S or T, the length of the line segment OPi connecting the center of gravity Pi and O of any island component is equal to or longer than the length of the line segment OS, and the length of the line segment OT. Within the following range, and the line segment OK ₁ as the radius,
On the circumference l around the point O, the angle 360 ° divided by the number n of islands is θ ° as the central angle, and the points sequentially distributed based on the line OK ₁ are K ₂ , K ₃ , ...... Ki, ...... Kn, any island component has a line segment OKi connecting the distribution points Ki and O corresponding to the island component Bi and a line segment OPi connecting the center of gravity Pi and O of the island component Bi.
It is said that the island component B is dispersed without being unevenly distributed when the angle formed by KiOPi consisting of and is 1 / 2θ °. Here, only the first layer of the island component has been described, but the same applies to the second and higher layers.

The island component B may be in contact with the core component A, but it is more preferable to interpose the sea component C, and a part of the island component B may be present on the outer periphery of the composite filament. It may be C.

When a three-component composite yarn is produced or knitted or woven, if peeling occurs between the components constituting the composite filament, fluff, tarmi,
Since the yarn breakage is likely to occur, it is necessary that the components have good compatibility. Good compatibility means 3
It means that there is no peeled portion in the drawn yarn obtained by drawing the component-composite undrawn yarn.

From the above viewpoints, all of the core component A, the island component B and the sea component C used in the present invention must be polyester. In the present invention, the polyester is terephthalic acid or a lower alkyl derivative thereof (a diester of an alkanol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms), ethylene glycol and at least one other component, or bis (2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate or a low weight thereof. A polyester in which at least 60% by weight of the polyester constitutional units obtained from the combination or from bis (2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate and at least one other component is ethylene terephthalate.

The core component A needs to have a dry heat shrinkage ratio higher than that of the island component B by 10% or more, preferably 15 or more, and more preferably 20% or more. The difference in dry heat shrinkage between core component A and island component B
When it is less than 10%, the composite yarn of the present invention is woven / desalted and then relaxed and heat-treated, and the product is not stretched, and the knitting due to shrinkage and the high density of the woven fabric are not obtained. It is not desirable because the touch lacks a soft feeling.

 Here, the dry heat shrinkage will be described below.

Measure the thread length l ₀ of the composite filament before de-sealing, and measure at 100 ℃
After sea removal at the following treatment temperature, dry heat treatment at 200 ° C is performed for 15 minutes. Next, the core component and the island component are separated and the yarn length is measured. The core component yarn length is 1H and the island component yarn length is 1L. The dry heat shrinkage is expressed by the following equation.

Dry heat shrinkage of core component (%) = (l ₀ −lH) / l ₀ × 100 Dry heat shrinkage of island component (%) = (l ₀ −lL) / l ₀ × 100 Core component A Preferred examples of the polymers include aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as oxalic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid and sebacic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 2,6-
Aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as naphthalene dicarboxylic acid and dienoic acid, polyesters obtained by copolymerizing 1,2-cyclobutane-dicarboxylic acid, 1,2-cyclobutane-dicarboxylic acid and other alicyclic di-carboxylic acids, and 1,4 Butanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol,
Examples include polyesters obtained by copolymerizing aliphatic diols such as polyethylene glycol, alicyclic diols such as cyclohexanediol, aromatic diols such as bisphenol A and bisphenol sulfone, or bisphenol A, and polymer diols obtained by adding ethylene oxide to bisphenol sulfone. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In addition, these may be used alone or may be a polyester copolymerized by combining a plurality of types of copolymerization components, and 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate may be copolymerized in combination with these in order to impart cation dyeability. . The copolymerization amount of these copolymerization components to polyester is preferably 9% by weight or more, more preferably 12% by weight or more, in order to achieve high shrinkage. However, if it exceeds 30% by weight, a high shrinkage ratio can be obtained, but the melting point becomes too low, and it is difficult to obtain stable yarn operability, which is not preferable. 5
-When sodium sulfoisophthalate is also used as a copolymerization component, the copolymerization amount of the sea component is 7 weight when eluting with hot water containing no alkali or low-concentration weak alkaline hot water, for example, soda ash aqueous solution. %, But when using strong alkaline hot water, for example, caustic soda aqueous solution having a concentration of 5% or more, the alkali solubility becomes high.
The copolymerization amount of sodium sulfoisophthalate is preferably 4% by weight or less.

The island component B needs to have a dry heat shrinkage ratio lower than that of the core component A by 10% or more. Since the polymer of the island component B preferably has a low shrinkage, it may be substantially a polyethylene terephthalate homopolymer, or a copolymer or an additive may be added in order to change the texture after the sea component C is eluted. It may be a thing.

It is necessary that the sea component C has a higher alkali reduction ratio than the core component A and the island component B by 30 or more, preferably 100 or more, more preferably 500 or more. When the alkali weight loss ratio of the sea component C to the core component A and the island component B is less than 30, the weight loss of the core component and the island component, and particularly the island component, becomes remarkably high, and a part of the constituent components may melt down. Not preferable.

 Here, the alkali weight loss ratio will be described.

Each filament of the present invention having the same denier and having a circular cross section composed of the polymers A, B and C was treated with a 3% aqueous solution of caustic soda at a bath ratio of 1: 125 and a temperature of 98 to 100 ° C. until the weight loss rate reached 70%. After measuring the required times tA, tB, and tC, the value obtained by the following equation is called the alkali weight loss ratio of C to A and B.

 Alkali weight loss ratio of C to A = tA / tC Alkaline weight loss ratio of C to A = tB / tC The weight loss rate is expressed by the following equation.

Weight loss rate (%) = (weight before alkali treatment−weight after alkali treatment) / weight before alkali treatment × 100 The polymer of the sea component C is an alkali, preferably a weak alkali such as an aqueous solution of soda ash, and more preferably hot water. The solubility is not particularly limited, but when 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate and polyalkylene glycol are used in combination, the sum is preferably 7% by weight or more. Further, adipic acid, sebacic acid, etc. may be added to the polyester. Copolymerizing aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, etc., also provides favorable solubility. Polyethylene glycol is mentioned as a preferable polyalkylene glycol. Above all, molecular weight
Polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 400 to 30,000 is preferred because it has high alkali solubility and gives the sea component C an elongation sufficient to fully exert the orientation of the core component A and the island component B during stretching.

The polymers A, B, and C forming the three-component composite system are well known as matting agents, antioxidants, brightening agents, flame retardants, ultraviolet absorbers, etc. within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. It is also possible to include the conventional additives.

The spinning pack necessary for spinning the three-component composite system according to the present invention is shown in Fig. 3 of JP-A-57-47938 and JP-A-57-47938.
The apparatus shown in FIG. 2 of Japanese Patent No. 82526 can be used as a suitable example.

Next, a spinneret device for producing a polyester three-component composite yarn according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a spinneret device that can be preferably used when producing the three-component composite filament having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in which the polymer of the core component A enters the spinneret inflow hole 1 and becomes a thin tube. It passes through the section 2, the conduit 3 and the opening 4. On the other hand, the polymer flow of the island component B enters the inflow holes 6,6 ′ from the polymer reservoirs 5,5 ′, passes through the narrow tube portions 7,7 ′, and is then the conduits 8,8 ′.
To reach the openings 9 and 9 '. On the other hand, the polymer flow of the sea component C enters the inflow holes 11, 11 'through the polymer reservoirs 10, 10',
A core-sheath composite structure in which the island component B is the core and the sea component C is the sheath, associating at the openings 9,9 'of the island component B through the passages 12,12' provided around the 8,8 '. Form a stream. Openings 13,13 '
The core-sheath composite flow of the island component B and the sea component C, which has exited from the above, forms a three-component composite flow at the meeting portion 14 with the polymer flow of the core component A, which has exited the opening 4, and discharges it from the mouthpiece discharge hole 15. Make it a thread.

In the three-component composite system of the present invention, the higher the composite ratio of the sea component C to the total components, the easier the separation of the core component from the island component and the island components by elution, but the island component B also dissolves and becomes extremely fine. 40% by weight or less is preferable, and 20% by weight or less is more preferable because the stability during spinning, the ease of drawing, and the strength and elongation of the three-component composite yarn are reduced. However, when the composite ratio of the sea component C is less than 5%, the amount of the sea component C becomes too small and the island components tend to adhere to each other during spinning, which is preferable.

In producing the three-component composite yarn of the present invention, the spinning and drawing steps may be continuous, or may be once wound into a package and then drawn. The spinning speed may be a normal 1,000 to 2,000 m / min or a high speed of 2,000 m / min or more. It is also possible to wind it at a high speed of 4,000 to 7,000 m / min and use it as it is for a knitted or woven or knitted fabric.

In addition, a yarn is formed during spinning, and the yarn temperature is approximately 50 ° C.
It is also preferable to impart entanglement to the filament dry heat shrinkage ratio by a known fluid nozzle in the process from the time point to be wound up to the time of winding or in the process of stretching once after being wound into a package to give the filament a converging property. Can be adopted. The degree of entanglement at this time is preferably 5 to 80 / m as measured by the method described below. More preferably, it is 10 to 60 pcs / m. More preferably, when weaving with a high-speed weaving machine such as a jet weaving machine without twisting or twisting, the amount is 30 to 60 knits / m. If the degree of entanglement is less than 5 / m, the sizing property is somewhat insufficient, and fluff or yarn breakage may occur in the twisting process, weaving / weaving preparation process, weaving / weaving process, and the like. Further, when the degree of entanglement exceeds 80, the fabric is likely to suffer from Kasmirra, Irra and the like due to the difference in yarn form between the converging portion and the non-concentrating portion, which is a characteristic of the entanglement by the fluid.

 Here, the degree of confounding will be described.

The degree of entanglement was measured by the hook drop method according to US Pat. No. 3,290,32. The outline is shown below.

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 6, the sample yarn 20 is wound around the unwinding waist roller 25 by the take-up roller 24. Adjust the magnet tensioning device 21 while the thread is running at a speed of 1 cm / sec,
The tension between the tension applying device 21 and the take-up roller 24 is set to the initial tension. Initial tension is denier x 0.2g, tension applying device
Tension meter 23 fixed between 21 and take-up roller 24
Detect with. After the initial tension is set, the running of the yarn is stopped, and the measuring needle 22 is pierced with the yarn at a position where the yarn is divided into two as shown in FIG. Then, when the sample yarn is run again at 1 cm / sec, the needle is caught at the entanglement point 26, and the tension between the needle 22 and the take-up roller 24 increases. When the tension value reaches [initial tension + (average denier of filament of each single yarn of multi yarn) x 1g], it is set so that the take-up roller 24 is stopped until the needle is pierced and then stopped again. Travel distance l (m
m) is read from the rotation angle of the take-up roller 24. The same operation is repeated 40 times, and the degree of confounding is calculated by the following formula.

The measurement is performed with n = 3, and the average value is displayed.

The degree of confounding in the present invention is manufactured based on the above principle.
Rhothschild Entanglement Tester (Entan
glement Tester) (model R2040).

[Examples] The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. The physical properties in the examples are measured as follows.

A. Intrinsic viscosity This is the value measured by dissolving the sample in an orthochlorophenol solvent and measuring at 25 ° C with an Ostwald viscometer.

Example 1 As the island component B, polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.65, and as the sea component C, 10% by weight of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate, 10% by weight of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 18,000 and 10% by weight of dimethyl isophthalate. Polyethylene terephthalate having a viscosity of 1.20 is used, and the amount of dimethyl isophthalate copolymerized as the core component A combined with the island component B and the sea component C is respectively
0,5,10,15,25% by weight, and the intrinsic viscosity of each is 0.65 to 0.
Three kinds of core components A made of copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate in the range of 70 were prepared. The weight ratio of the core component A / island component B / sea component C was 48/32/20, and the spinneret shown in FIG. 5 was used to spin at a spinning temperature of 290 ° C. and a spinning speed of 1500 m / min.
Continued hot roller 85 ℃, hot plate 150 ℃, draw ratio 3.0 times,
It was drawn at a drawing speed of 800 m / min to obtain a drawn yarn of 75 denier 12 filaments. Polyethylene terephthalate having a dimethyl isophthalate copolymerization amount of the core component A of 0, 5, 10, 15, 25% by weight was used. The three-component composite yarn is G ₁ , G ₂ , G ₃ ,
They are G ₄ and G ₅ . The composition of these three-component composite yarns is as follows:
The denier is 3 denier, and the denier of 1 island component B is 0.2.
It was confirmed that the number of islands of the denier and the island component B was 9, and the filament cross-sectional shape was almost the same as that in FIG.
When a circle is drawn with a line segment connecting the center of gravity of any sea component and the center of gravity of the core component as the radius, the centers of gravity of all island components are located in the immediate vicinity of the circumference of the circle, and the line segment 360 based on 9 islands
With the central angle of 40 ° divided by °, the points equally distributed on the circumference of the circle and the center of gravity of all island components are located very close to each other, so that the island component B is included in the sea component C. It was confirmed that they were dispersed without being unevenly distributed. The alkali weight loss ratio of the sea component C to the core component A and the island component B is 1100 or more, which is a polymer having extremely excellent solubility.

Three-component composite yarns G ₁ , G ₂ , G ₃ , G ₄ , and G ₅ were used as weft yarns, and a polyethylene terephthalate multifilament yarn of 75 denier 24 filaments was used as warp yarns to form a 6-satin woven fabric. The weaving properties were all very good. These woven fabrics were placed in a 1% aqueous caustic soda solution at 98-100 ° C for 1
After the elution treatment of sea component C for 5 minutes, 10 in the relaxed state
A dry heat treatment was performed at 200 ° C. for one minute. The weight loss rate for each fabric is 2
It was in the range of 0.4 to 21.2%, and the sea component C was completely eluted. The filament cross-sectional shape after the sea component C was eluted was almost the same as that in FIG.

Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the finished woven fabric. Here, the evaluation of the woven fabric is a summary of evaluations by a sensory test conducted by a skilled engineer in five stages.

The woven fabrics using G ₁ and G ₂ , which are comparative examples, had a soft touch, but lacked tension and waist. Fabrics using G ₃ , G ₄ , and G ₅ of the present invention are stretched, the waist is fully exerted, and the difference in yarn length caused by the difference in shrinkage gives a bulging feeling, and the soft touch of ultrafine yarn is further exhibited. It was an excellent woven fabric.

Example 2 The composition of the polymer is the same as that of G _{4 of} Example 1 except that the number of islands of the island component B is different, and the three-component composite yarns G ₆ , G ₇ , and G ₈ of Table 2 are prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. , Got G ₉ . Using each of the three-component composite yarns, weaving, finishing and woven fabric evaluation similar to those in Example 1 were performed. Table 2 shows the results.

The woven fabric using G _{6 of the} comparative example has tension and waist, but has a strong bending rigidity, and the touch has a hard core, and the woven fabric using G ₉ of the comparative example is soft. It had a feeling of swelling and swelling, but it was tight and lacked in the waist. The woven fabrics using G ₇ and G ₈ in the examples were fabrics that had a good use of G ₇ and had a characteristic waist, and G ₈ was a woven fabric that had a surface touch and had an excellent texture.

Example 3 The same method as in Example 1 was used except that the polymer composition and the number of islands of the island component B were the same as G _{4 of} Example 1, and the denier of the core component A and the denier of the island component B were changed. Three-component composite yarns G ₁₀ , G ₁₁ , G ₁₂ , G ₁₃ , G ₁₄ , G ₁₅ , G ₁₆ , and G ₁₇ were obtained. Using each of the three-component composite yarns, weaving, finishing and woven fabric evaluation similar to those in Example 1 were performed.

Table 3 shows the results.

In this example, the effect of the denier of the core component A and the denier of the island component B was observed. However, in the case of using the three-component composite yarn within the scope of the invention, each is tense, elastic, soft and swelling. It was a woven fabric. On the other hand, in any of the comparative examples, a woven fabric satisfying both characteristics could not be obtained.

Except for changing the polymer of Example 4 sea component C to give the 3-component composite yarn in Table 4 in the same procedure as G ₃ in Example 1. Next, after tubular knitting with a sock knitting machine, bath ratio 1: 125, 98-1 in 3% caustic soda solution.
The tubular knit was processed at 00 ° C. Table 4 shows the time until the sea component C was completely eluted and the weight loss rate.

G ₁₈ using the sea component C having an alkali weight loss ratio outside the range of the present invention has a long time required to elute the sea component C, so the island component B is also reduced in a large amount. It was confirmed that 4.5% obtained by subtracting 20% by weight from the weight loss rate was almost the weight loss of the island component B.

It was confirmed that G ₁₉ , G ₂₀ , and G ₂₁ , which are the present invention, have a short elution time of the sea component C, so that the amount of the island component B is reduced little and there is substantially no problem. In particular elution time is very short of the island component B for G _21, the instantaneous in 3% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, sufficient sea component C in a 2% soda ash solution was confirmed to be eluted.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the three-component composite yarn of the present invention is a filament having a normal filament thickness from the yarn production to the stage of making a fabric, and spinning, drawing, temporary twisting, or loops in yarn or It is easy to handle in the yarn making process such as turbulent fluid turbulence treatment and the higher-order processing processes such as twisting, weaving, knitting and weaving. By subjecting the fabric to alkali treatment to remove the sea component and then heat-treating it, the core component shrinks, has excellent tension and waist, and has a bulge. It is possible to obtain a fabric with a soft surface touch and aesthetics. is there.

Further, the three-component composite yarn of the present invention can be directly applied to fields such as ordinary filaments and staples.

In addition, the three-component composite yarn of the present invention has excellent texture and esthetics by being combined with common synthetic fibers, semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate and rayon, natural fibers such as silk, wool and hemp, and mixed and twisted or knitted. A fabric having properties can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are cross-sectional views showing a preferred example of the three-component composite filament which constitutes the three-component composite yarn of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the core component and the island component of the three-component composite filament of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a yarn obtained by removing the sea component from the three-component composite yarn of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a spinneret device preferably used for obtaining the three-component composite filament of the present invention. 6 and 7 are schematic views of a measuring machine for evaluating the degree of confounding. 1 ... Core component A inflow hole 2 ... Core component A thin tube portion 3 ... Core component A conduit 4 ... Core component A opening 5,5 '... Island component B polymer pool 6, 6 '... Inlet component B inflow port 7,7' ... Island component B thin tube part 8,8 '... Island component B conduit 9, 9' ... Island component B opening and island component B And sea component C
10, 10 '... Polymer pool of sea component C 11, 11' ... Inflow hole of sea component C 12, 12 '... Passage of sea component C 13, 13' ... Island component B and sea component Opening part of the core-sheath composite flow of C 14 ...... The meeting part of the core component A with the island component B and the sea component 15 …… The mouthpiece discharge hole

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) References JP 59-187672 (JP, A) JP 55-1354 (JP, A) JP 46-41408 (JP, B1) JP 57- 34368 (JP, B2)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A core component A, an island component B, and a sea component C are made of different polyesters. The core component A has a dry heat shrinkage ratio higher than that of the island component B by 10% or more, and the sea component C is a core component A. And the island component B have an alkali reduction ratio of 30 or more, the island component B satisfies the following equations (1), (2) and (3) in the cross section of the composite filament, and the island component B is A polyester three-component composite yarn which is scattered around the core component A and is dispersed in the sea component C without uneven distribution. 2.5DB ≤ DA ≤ 35DB (1) 0.04 ≤ DB ≤ 0.6 (2) 4 ≤ FB ≤ 20 (3) DA: Denier of core component A that composes the composite filament (D) DB: Island component B1 that composes the composite filament Denier (D) FB: Island number of island component B that composes the composite filament (pieces)