JPH08505395A - 生物分解性ポリエステルと生物活性ポリペプチドのイオン分子結合体 - Google Patents
生物分解性ポリエステルと生物活性ポリペプチドのイオン分子結合体Info
- Publication number
- JPH08505395A JPH08505395A JP6516182A JP51618294A JPH08505395A JP H08505395 A JPH08505395 A JP H08505395A JP 6516182 A JP6516182 A JP 6516182A JP 51618294 A JP51618294 A JP 51618294A JP H08505395 A JPH08505395 A JP H08505395A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polyester
- acid
- polypeptide
- composition
- peptide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/04—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links
- C07K7/23—Luteinising hormone-releasing hormone [LHRH]; Related peptides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/56—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule
- A61K47/59—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyureas or polyurethanes
- A61K47/593—Polyesters, e.g. PLGA or polylactide-co-glycolide
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
- A61P5/02—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the hypothalamic hormones, e.g. TRH, GnRH, CRH, GRH, somatostatin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/575—Hormones
- C07K14/655—Somatostatins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.少なくとも1の有効なイオノゲン・アミンを含んで成る生物学的に活性な ポリペプチドとイオン結合した1以上の遊離のC00H基を含むポリエステルを含ん で成る組成物であって、その組成物中に存在するポリペプチドの少なくとも50重 量%がそのポリエステルにイオン結合している組成物。 2.ポリエステルが、1を超えるカルボキシル対ヒドロキシル比をもつ、請求 項1に記載の組成物。 3.ポリエステルが、L-乳酸;D-乳酸;DL-乳酸;ε-カプロラクトン;p-ジオ キサノン;ε-カプロン酸;アルキレン・オキサレート;シクロアルキレン・オ キサレート;アルキレン・スクシネート;β-ヒドロキシブチレート;置換及び 非置換トリメチレン・カーボネート;1,5-ジオキセパン-2-オン;1,4-ジオキセ パン-2-オン;グリコリド;グリコール酸;L-ラクチド;D-ラクチド;DL-ラクチ ド;meso-ラクチド;及びいずれかの場合により活性な異性体;それらのラセミ 体又はコポリマー、から選ばれたメンバーから成る、請求項1の組成物。 4.ポリエステルが、無水グルタル酸により部分的に酸-チップされた、請求 項1に記載の組成物。 5.ポリエステルが、無水グルタル酸により全て酸-チップされた、請求項1 に記載の組成物。 6.ポリエステルが、10〜300の間の平均重合度をもつ、請求項1に記載の組 成物。 7.ポリエステルが、クロロホルム中約0.05〜約0.7dl/gの粘度及び約1200-40 ,000の平均分子量をもつ、請求項1に記載の組成物。 8.生物活性ポリペプチドが、イオン分子結合体の全重量の1〜 50重量パーセントを占める、請求項1に記載の組成物。 9.組成物中に存在するポリペプチドの85%以上がポリエステルにイオン結合 している、請求項1に記載の組成物。 10.ポリペプチドが、黄体形成ホルモン-放出ホルモン(LHRH)、ソマトス タチン(somatostatin)、ボンベシン(bombesin)/ガストリン放出ペプチド(G RP)、カルシトニン(calcitonin)、ブラジキニン(bradykinin)、ガラニン( galanin)、メラノサイト刺激ホルモン(MSH)、成長ホルモン放出因子(GRF) 、アミリン(amylin)、タッキーキニン(tachykinins)、セクレチン(secreti n)、上皮小体ホルモン(PTH)、カルシトニン遺伝子放出ペプチド(CGRP)、ニ ューロメジン(neuromedins)、上皮小体ホルモン放出タンパク質(PTHrP)、グ ルカゴン(glucagon)、ニューロテンシン(neurotensin)、副腎皮質刺激ホル モン(ACTH)、成長ホルモン放出ペプチド(GHRP)、グルカゴン放出ペプチド( GLP)、血管作用性腸ペプチド(VIP)、下垂体アデニレート・シクラーゼ活性化 ペプチド(PACAP)、エンカフェリン(enkaphelin)、ペプチドYY(PYY)、モチ リン(motilin)、サブスタンスP(substance P)、ニューロペプチドY(NPY) 、TSH及びそれらのアナログ又は断片から成る群から選ばれている、請求項1に 記載の組成物。 11.イオン分子結合体が、少なくとも7日間の期間にわたりポリペプチドの 治療的に有効な投与量をインビボにおいて放出することができる、請求項1に記 載の組成物。 12.組成物の合成方法であって、(a)ポリエステル及び少なくとも1の有 効なイオノゲン・アミンをもつ生物活性ポリペプチドを用意し、そして(b)そ のポリエステルをそのポリペプチドにイオン結合させてイオン分子結合体を形成 し、ここで、そのポリペプチドがそのポリエステルにイオン結合しているような 合成方法。 13.組成物中に存在する少なくとも50重量%のポリペプチドがポリエステル にイオン結合している、請求項12に記載の方法。 14.ポリエステルが、酸-チップされたヒドロキシル末端基を有する、請求 項13に記載の方法。 15.ヒドロキシル末端基が、無水グルタル酸により部分的に酸-チップされ ている、請求項14に記載の方法。 16.ヒドロキシル末端基が、無水グルタル酸により全て酸-チップされてい る、請求項14に記載の方法。 17.ポリエステルが、ヒドロキシ・ポリカルボン酸連鎖開始剤を使用して合 成される、請求項13に記載の方法。 18.ポリエステルのヒドロキシ末端基が、酸-チップされている、請求項13 に記載の方法。 19.ヒドロキシル末端基が、無水グルタル酸により部分的に酸-チップされ ている、請求項18に記載の方法。 20.ヒドロキシル末端基が、無水グルタル酸により全て酸-チップされてい る、請求項18に記載の方法。 21.ポリエステルの合成が、10〜300の間の平均重合度をもたらす、請求項1 3に記載の方法。 22.ポリエステルが、1を超えるカルボキシル対ヒドロキシル末端基比をも つ、請求項21に記載の方法。 23.ポリエステル/ポリペプチド・イオン分子結合体の合成が:(a)テトラ ヒドロフラン、アセトン、又はエチレン・グリコール・ジメチルエーテル中その ポリエステルを溶解し、その後、塩基を添加し;そして(b)2〜50w/w%(ポリ ペプチド/ポリエステル)のポリペプチド/ポリエステル・ローディング・レベル においてポリペプチド又はポリペプチドの塩の水溶液を添加する、を含んで成る 、請求項13に記載の方法。 24.ポリペプチドが、3.5より大きい又はこれに等しい酸の塩である、請求 項23に記載の方法。 25.ポリペプチドが、イオン結合体の全重量の1〜50パーセントを占める、 請求項23に記載の方法。 26.組成物中に存在するポリペプチドの85%以上がポリエステルにイオン結 合している、請求項23に記載の方法。 27.反応が、反応体間のイオン結合の形成をもたらす、請求項23に記載の方 法。 28.請求項12に記載の方法により作られた組成物。 29.微小粒子の合成方法であって、(a)非プロトン性の水に相溶性の有機 溶媒中に請求項1に記載の組成物を溶解し;(b)水中でその有機溶媒を混合し ;(c)その水からその微小粒子を単離する、を含んで成る方法。 30.有機溶媒が、アセトン、アセトニトリル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジメチ ルホルムアミド、及びジメトキシ・エチレン・グリコールから成る群から選ばれ る、請求項29に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IE930005 | 1993-01-06 | ||
| IE930005 | 1993-01-06 | ||
| PCT/US1994/000148 WO1994015587A2 (en) | 1993-01-06 | 1994-01-05 | Ionic molecular conjugates of biodegradable polyesters and bioactive polypeptides |
| CNB941085236A CN1163260C (zh) | 1993-01-06 | 1994-07-20 | 可生物降解聚酯和生物活性多肽的离子性分子轭合物 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08505395A true JPH08505395A (ja) | 1996-06-11 |
Family
ID=37075859
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6516182A Pending JPH08505395A (ja) | 1993-01-06 | 1994-01-05 | 生物分解性ポリエステルと生物活性ポリペプチドのイオン分子結合体 |
Country Status (20)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0678018B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPH08505395A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1163260C (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE236655T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU680650B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2150574A1 (ja) |
| CZ (2) | CZ293378B6 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69432459T2 (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK0678018T3 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2196023T3 (ja) |
| FI (1) | FI114898B (ja) |
| HU (1) | HU220137B (ja) |
| NZ (1) | NZ261250A (ja) |
| PL (1) | PL174772B1 (ja) |
| PT (1) | PT678018E (ja) |
| RU (2) | RU2185393C2 (ja) |
| SG (1) | SG47043A1 (ja) |
| SK (1) | SK74495A3 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1994015587A2 (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA9477B (ja) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002500631A (ja) * | 1997-04-18 | 2002-01-08 | イプサン フアルマ ビヨテク | 徐放性組成物及びその製造方法 |
| JP2009143935A (ja) * | 1999-08-27 | 2009-07-02 | Durect Corp | 高粘度液体により制御された送達システム及び内科又は外科用デバイス |
| US7687054B2 (en) | 1997-02-07 | 2010-03-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Biocompatible compounds for sustained release pharmaceutical drug delivery systems |
| JP2011105760A (ja) * | 1996-12-11 | 2011-06-02 | Praecis Pharmaceuticals Inc | 持続した薬物送達のための水不溶性複合体を含む薬学的処方物 |
| JP2013536884A (ja) * | 2010-08-31 | 2013-09-26 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | クエン酸に基づいた分枝ポリエステル、さらにはそれらの製造及び使用 |
| US11083796B2 (en) | 2005-07-26 | 2021-08-10 | Durect Corporation | Peroxide removal from drug delivery vehicle |
| US11400019B2 (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2022-08-02 | Durect Corporation | Sustained release drug delivery systems with reduced impurities and related methods |
Families Citing this family (72)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6221958B1 (en) | 1993-01-06 | 2001-04-24 | Societe De Conseils De Recherches Et D'applications Scientifiques, Sas | Ionic molecular conjugates of biodegradable polyesters and bioactive polypeptides |
| US6413539B1 (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 2002-07-02 | Poly-Med, Inc. | Hydrogel-forming, self-solvating absorbable polyester copolymers, and methods for use thereof |
| US7048906B2 (en) | 1995-05-17 | 2006-05-23 | Cedars-Sinai Medical Center | Methods of diagnosing and treating small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and SIBO-related conditions |
| US6861053B1 (en) | 1999-08-11 | 2005-03-01 | Cedars-Sinai Medical Center | Methods of diagnosing or treating irritable bowel syndrome and other disorders caused by small intestinal bacterial overgrowth |
| US7833543B2 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2010-11-16 | Durect Corporation | High viscosity liquid controlled delivery system and medical or surgical device |
| US5955574A (en) | 1995-07-13 | 1999-09-21 | Societe De Conseils De Recherches Et D'applications Scientifiques, S.A. | Analogs of parathyroid hormone |
| AU750739B2 (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 2002-07-25 | Ipsen Manufacturing Ireland Limited | Methods for preparing biodegradable polyesters and derivatives thereof |
| IE960308A1 (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 1997-11-05 | Kinerton Ltd | Sustained release ionic conjugate |
| US6111033A (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 2000-08-29 | Kinerton, Limited | Acidic polylactic polymers |
| US6264970B1 (en) | 1996-06-26 | 2001-07-24 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Sustained-release preparation |
| AU779930B2 (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 2005-02-17 | Praecis Pharmaceuticals Incorporated | Pharmaceutical formulations for sustained drug delivery |
| US6867181B1 (en) | 1997-06-02 | 2005-03-15 | Societe De Conseils De Recherches Et D'applications Scientifiques, S.A.S. | Ionic molecular conjugates of biodegradable polyesters and bioactive polypeptides |
| AR020650A1 (es) * | 1998-08-10 | 2002-05-22 | Poly Med Inc | Polimeros fosforilados y conjugados de los mismos |
| CN1164334C (zh) * | 1999-08-18 | 2004-09-01 | 研究及应用科学协会股份有限公司 | 肽的缓释制剂 |
| US7109166B1 (en) | 1999-08-18 | 2006-09-19 | Societe De Conseils De Recherches Et D'applications Scientifiques, Sas | Sustained release formulation of a peptide |
| IES990700A2 (en) * | 1999-08-18 | 2001-08-22 | Kinerton Ltd | Process to make a sustained release formulation |
| EP1348444B1 (en) * | 1999-08-18 | 2006-04-12 | Societe De Conseils De Recherches Et D'applications Scientifiques S.A.S. | Sustained release formulation of a peptide complexed with a polymer |
| EA200201046A1 (ru) | 2000-03-31 | 2003-04-24 | Трастис Оф Тафтс Коллидж | 7- или 9-замещенные соединения тетрациклина, способ их получения (варианты), фармацевтическая композиция, способ лечения состояния, чувствительного к действию тетрациклина, у млекопитающего и реакционноспособное промежуточное производное |
| KR100452752B1 (ko) * | 2000-04-18 | 2004-10-12 | 주식회사 펩트론 | 단백질 함유 서방성 제제를 제조하는 방법 및 그 제제 |
| ATE350015T1 (de) * | 2000-09-28 | 2007-01-15 | Novartis Vaccines & Diagnostic | Mikropartikelzusammensetzungen und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
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| WO2002074247A2 (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2002-09-26 | Praecis Pharmaceuticals Incorporated | Pharmaceutical formulations for sustained release |
| US20040001889A1 (en) | 2002-06-25 | 2004-01-01 | Guohua Chen | Short duration depot formulations |
| BR0315895A (pt) * | 2002-10-31 | 2005-10-04 | Pfizer Prod Inc | Conjugados iÈnicos poliméricos sólidos e semi-sólidos, composição farmacêutica, processo para preparação dos referidos conjugados e composição sólida ou semi-sólida |
| ATE482695T1 (de) | 2002-12-13 | 2010-10-15 | Durect Corp | Orale darreichungsform mit flüssigen hochviskosen trägersystemen |
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- 1994-01-05 CZ CZ19951734A patent/CZ293378B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-01-05 HU HU9502029A patent/HU220137B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-01-05 JP JP6516182A patent/JPH08505395A/ja active Pending
- 1994-01-05 AU AU59921/94A patent/AU680650B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-01-05 PL PL94309776A patent/PL174772B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-01-05 RU RU99122608/04A patent/RU2185393C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-01-05 PT PT94906037T patent/PT678018E/pt unknown
- 1994-01-05 WO PCT/US1994/000148 patent/WO1994015587A2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-01-05 CZ CZ20002050A patent/CZ293425B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-01-05 ES ES94906037T patent/ES2196023T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-05 SK SK744-95A patent/SK74495A3/sk unknown
- 1994-01-05 EP EP94906037A patent/EP0678018B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-05 DE DE69432459T patent/DE69432459T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-01-05 SG SG1996004005A patent/SG47043A1/en unknown
- 1994-01-05 AT AT94906037T patent/ATE236655T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-01-05 CA CA002150574A patent/CA2150574A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-01-05 RU RU95118395/14A patent/RU2146128C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-01-05 DK DK94906037T patent/DK0678018T3/da active
- 1994-01-06 ZA ZA9477A patent/ZA9477B/xx unknown
- 1994-07-20 CN CNB941085236A patent/CN1163260C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2011105760A (ja) * | 1996-12-11 | 2011-06-02 | Praecis Pharmaceuticals Inc | 持続した薬物送達のための水不溶性複合体を含む薬学的処方物 |
| US7687054B2 (en) | 1997-02-07 | 2010-03-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Biocompatible compounds for sustained release pharmaceutical drug delivery systems |
| JP2002500631A (ja) * | 1997-04-18 | 2002-01-08 | イプサン フアルマ ビヨテク | 徐放性組成物及びその製造方法 |
| JP2009143935A (ja) * | 1999-08-27 | 2009-07-02 | Durect Corp | 高粘度液体により制御された送達システム及び内科又は外科用デバイス |
| US11083796B2 (en) | 2005-07-26 | 2021-08-10 | Durect Corporation | Peroxide removal from drug delivery vehicle |
| JP2013536884A (ja) * | 2010-08-31 | 2013-09-26 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | クエン酸に基づいた分枝ポリエステル、さらにはそれらの製造及び使用 |
| US11400019B2 (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2022-08-02 | Durect Corporation | Sustained release drug delivery systems with reduced impurities and related methods |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2196023T3 (es) | 2003-12-16 |
| WO1994015587A3 (en) | 1994-09-01 |
| CZ293378B6 (cs) | 2004-04-14 |
| EP0678018A1 (en) | 1995-10-25 |
| SK74495A3 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
| AU5992194A (en) | 1994-08-15 |
| WO1994015587A2 (en) | 1994-07-21 |
| AU680650B2 (en) | 1997-08-07 |
| EP0678018A4 (en) | 1998-09-09 |
| HU220137B (hu) | 2001-11-28 |
| DE69432459T2 (de) | 2003-11-27 |
| DK0678018T3 (da) | 2003-04-28 |
| PL309776A1 (en) | 1995-11-13 |
| HU9502029D0 (en) | 1995-09-28 |
| HUT73188A (en) | 1996-06-28 |
| PL174772B1 (pl) | 1998-09-30 |
| FI953314L (fi) | 1995-07-05 |
| CZ293425B6 (cs) | 2004-04-14 |
| PT678018E (pt) | 2003-08-29 |
| FI953314A0 (fi) | 1995-07-05 |
| EP0678018B1 (en) | 2003-04-09 |
| RU2146128C1 (ru) | 2000-03-10 |
| SG47043A1 (en) | 1998-03-20 |
| RU2185393C2 (ru) | 2002-07-20 |
| ZA9477B (en) | 1994-08-11 |
| DE69432459D1 (de) | 2003-05-15 |
| CN1163260C (zh) | 2004-08-25 |
| CZ173495A3 (en) | 1996-01-17 |
| NZ261250A (en) | 1997-08-22 |
| ATE236655T1 (de) | 2003-04-15 |
| FI114898B (fi) | 2005-01-31 |
| CA2150574A1 (en) | 1994-07-21 |
| CN1115252A (zh) | 1996-01-24 |
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