JPH10513006A - 燃料電池の膜電極アセンブリ用流れフィールド構造 - Google Patents
燃料電池の膜電極アセンブリ用流れフィールド構造Info
- Publication number
- JPH10513006A JPH10513006A JP9514435A JP51443597A JPH10513006A JP H10513006 A JPH10513006 A JP H10513006A JP 9514435 A JP9514435 A JP 9514435A JP 51443597 A JP51443597 A JP 51443597A JP H10513006 A JPH10513006 A JP H10513006A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- fuel cell
- electrode assembly
- membrane electrode
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 title description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 116
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 52
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BCCOBQSFUDVTJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octafluorocyclobutane Chemical compound FC1(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F BCCOBQSFUDVTJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019407 octafluorocyclobutane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IKYMJBKVGYKTMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.NC(O)=O IKYMJBKVGYKTMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IRBFQENXOFCNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamic acid;prop-1-ene Chemical compound CC=C.NC(O)=O IRBFQENXOFCNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1F GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 167
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 91
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 70
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 32
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 30
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229940032159 propylene carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 7
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RQNCXPWHFMKGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[1,2-bis[4-(1,2,2-trifluoroethenoxy)phenyl]ethyl]-4-(1,2,2-trifluoroethenoxy)benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(F)=C(F)F)=CC=C1CC(C=1C=CC(OC(F)=C(F)F)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(OC(F)=C(F)F)C=C1 RQNCXPWHFMKGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical group [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001600434 Plectroglyphidodon lacrymatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DFFDSQBEGQFJJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M butyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC([O-])=O DFFDSQBEGQFJJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQIOSYKVBBWRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylphosphonyl difluoride Chemical group CP(F)(F)=O PQIOSYKVBBWRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006112 polar polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007430 reference method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver sulfate Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000367 silver sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005052 trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8828—Coating with slurry or ink
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8807—Gas diffusion layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/925—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
- H01M4/926—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0234—Carbonaceous material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0239—Organic resins; Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0241—Composites
- H01M8/0243—Composites in the form of mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0241—Composites
- H01M8/0245—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Coating Of Shaped Articles Made Of Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.膜電極アセンブリ及びそれに隣接する流れフィールドをもつ電気化学的燃料 電池であって、該流れフィールドが少なくとも50%の多孔度及び少なくとも3 5ミクロンの平均細孔サイズをもつ導電性多孔質材料を有することを特徴とする 電気化学的燃料電池。 2.多孔質材料が少なくとも3ミルの厚さをもち、且つ該材料の3インチ×3イ ンチの部分が、水の3/16インチの深さに垂直に保持したとき、10秒で材料 1g当り少なくとも0.5gの水を吸収できるものである請求項1記載の燃料電 池。 3.多孔質材料が少なくとも20ミルの厚さをもち、且つ材料1g当り少なくと も1gの水を吸収できるものである請求項2記載の燃料電池。 4.流れフィールドが少なくとも75%の多孔度をもつ請求項1記載の燃料電池 。 5.流れフィールドが少なくとも80%の多孔度をもつ請求項1記載の燃料電池 。 6.流れフィールドが少なくとも45ミクロンの平均細孔サイズをもつ請求項1 記載の燃料電池。 7.流れフィールドが少なくとも50ミクロンの平均細孔サイズをもつ請求項1 記載の燃料電池。 8.流れフィールドが250ミクロン以下の平均細孔サイズをもつ請求項1記載 の燃料電池。 9.膜電極アセンブリがその少なくとも一方の側に少なくとも2層の触媒的に活 性な粒子インクを有し、少なくとも2層の触媒的に活性な粒子インクが側鎖スル ホン酸基をもち且つ50以上異なる当量重量をもつポリテトラフルオロエチレン ポリマーを含有すると共に最も高い当量重量をもつ層が流れフィールドに隣接し て位置する請求項1記載の燃料電池。 10.多孔質材料が少なくとも80%の多孔度及び少なくとも50ミクロンの平均 細孔サイズをもつ請求項9記載の燃料電池。 11.多孔質材料が少なくとも20ミルの厚さをもち、且つ該材料の3インチ×3 インチの部分が、水の3/16インチの深さに垂直に保持したとき、10秒で材 料1g当り少なくとも1gの水を吸収できるものである請求項10記載の燃 料電池。 12.連続して配置した請求項1記載の燃料電池を少なくとも3有する積み重ねア センブリ。 13.燃料電池の繰り返し単位が図2に示すものである請求項12記載のアセンブ リ。 14.イオン交換膜、及び該膜の同じ側に位置する少なくとも2の活性層をもつ膜 電極アセンブリであって、該活性層が触媒的に活性な粒子及びイオノマーからな り、これら層中のイオノマーの平均当量重量が少なくとも50異なり、且つ該膜 に最も近い位置にある活性層が平均当量重量の低い方のイオノマーを含有する膜 電極アセンブリ。 15.活性層が触媒的に活性な粒子とイオノマーの混合物少なくとも99重量%か らなる請求項14記載の膜電極アセンブリ。 16.活性層が少なくとも1μmの厚さをもつ請求項14記載の膜電極アセンブリ 。 17.活性層が少なくとも5μmの厚さをもつ請求項14記載の膜電極アセンブリ 。 18.活性層が少なくとも10μmの厚さをもつ請求項14記載の膜電極アセンブ リ。 19.活性層が少なくとも30μmの厚さをもつ請求項14記載の膜電極アセンブ リ。 20.活性層が少なくとも30%の多孔度をもつ請求項14記載の膜電極アセンブ リ。 21.活性層が少なくとも50%の多孔度をもつ請求項14記載の膜電極アセンブ リ。 22.活性層が0.01μm〜10μmの範囲の平均細孔サイズをもつ請求項14 記載の膜電極アセンブリ。 23.活性層が0.03μm〜0.5μmの範囲の平均細孔サイズをもつ請求項1 4記載の膜電極アセンブリ。 24.触媒的に活性な粒子が、膜の正極側に0.05mg/cm2〜0.45mg /cm2の範囲の負荷水準をそして膜の負極側に0.01mg/cm2〜0.15 mg/cm2の範囲の負荷水準を付与するに足る量で存在する請求項14 記載の膜電極アセンブリ。 25.イオン交換膜、及び該膜の少なくとも一方の側に位置する少なくとも1の活 性層をもつ膜電極アセンブリであって、該活性層が(a)触媒的に活性な粒子及 び(b)650〜950の範囲の当量重量をもち、且つ100℃より低い温度に おいて水に実質上不溶であることを特徴とする膜電極アセンブリ。 26.活性層が触媒的に活性な粒子とイオノマーの混合物少なくとも99重量%か らなる請求項25記載の膜電極アセンブリ。 27.活性層が少なくとも1μmの厚さをもつ請求項25記載の膜電極アセンブリ 。 28.活性層が少なくとも5μmの厚さをもつ請求項25記載の膜電極アセンブリ 。 29.活性層が少なくとも10μmの厚さをもつ請求項25記載の膜電極アセンブ リ。 30.活性層が少なくとも30μmの厚さをもつ請求項25記載の膜電極アセンブ リ。 31.活性層が少なくとも30%の多孔度をもつ請求項25記載の膜電極アセンブ リ。 32.活性層が少なくとも50%の多孔度をもつ請求項25記載の膜電極アセンブ リ。 33.活性層が0.01μm〜10μmの範囲の平均細孔サイズをもつ請求項25 記載の膜電極アセンブリ。 34.活性層が0.03μm〜0.5μmの範囲の平均細孔サイズをもつ請求項2 5記載の膜電極アセンブリ。 35.触媒的に活性な粒子が、膜の正極側に0.05mg/cm2〜0.45mg /cm2の範囲の負荷水準をそして膜の負極側に0.01mg/cm2〜0.15 mg/cm2の範囲の負荷水準を付与するに足る量で存在する請求項25記載の 膜電極アセンブリ。 36.(a)触媒的に活性な粒子、(b)有機化合物、及び(c)650〜950 の範囲の当量重量をもち且つ100℃より低い温度で水に実質上不溶であること を特徴とする組成物。 37.膜電極アセンブリ及び異なる平均細孔サイズの少なくとも2部分をもつ該ア センブリに隣接する1層の電導性多孔質材料をもつ電気化学的燃料電池であって 、膜電極アセンブリに隣接する層の第1の部分が該層の反対側に隣接する層の第 2の部分より大きくない多孔度をもち、該第2の部分は少なくとも82%の多孔 度をもち、そして該第2の部分は少なくとも10ミクロンの平均細孔サイズをも ち且つ第1の部分の平均細孔サイズより少なくとも10倍大きい平均細孔サイズ をもつことを特徴とする電気化学的燃料電池。 38.多孔質層の第1の部分が疎水性である請求項37記載の燃料電池。 39.多孔質層の第1の部分がポリテトラアルオロエチレンポリマーからなる請求 項37記載の燃料電池。 40.多孔質層の第1の部分がパーフルオロアルキル/アクリルコポリマーからな る請求項37記載の燃料電池。 41.多孔質層の第1の部分がパーフルオロシクロブタンポリマーからなる請求項 37記載の燃料電池。 42.多孔質層の第1の部分の平均細孔サイズが少なくとも0.1ミクロンである 請求項37記載の燃料電池。 43.多孔質層の第1の部分の平均細孔サイズが少なくとも1ミクロンである請求 項37記載の燃料電池。 44.多孔質層の第2の部分の多孔度が少なくとも82.5%である請求項37記 載の燃料電池。 45.多孔質層の第2の部分の多孔度が少なくとも85%である請求項37記載の 燃料電池。 46.多孔質層の第2の部分の多孔度が少なくとも87.5%である請求項37記 載の燃料電池。 47.多孔質層の第2の部分が第1の部分よりも親水性である請求項37記載の燃 料電池。 48.多孔質層の第2の部分が少なくとも30ミクロンの平均細孔サイズをもつ請 求項37記載の燃料電池。 49.膜電極アセンブリ及びそれに隣接し且つ異なる平均細孔サイズの少なくとも 2部分をもつ電導性多孔質材料の不織多孔質層をもつ電気化学的燃料電池であ って、該膜電極アセンブリに隣接する該層の第1の部分が該層の反対側に隣接す る層の第2の部分より大きくない多孔度をもち、該第2の部分が少なくとも50 %の多孔度をもち、そして該第2の部分が少なくとも35ミクロンの平均細孔サ イズをもち且つ該第1の部分の平均細孔サイズより少なくとも10倍大きい平均 細孔サイズをもつことを特徴とする電気化学的燃料電池。 50.多孔質層の第1の部分が疎水性である請求項49の燃料電池。 51.多孔質層の第1の部分がポリテトラフルオロエチレンポリマーからなる請求 項49記載の燃料電池。 52.多孔質層の第1の部分がパーフルオロアルキル/アクリルコポリマーからな る請求項49記載の燃料電池。 53.多孔質層の第1の部分がパーフルオロシクロブタンポリマーからなる請求項 49記載の燃料電池。 54.(a)伝導性組成物を少なくとも82%の多孔度をもつ多孔質伝導性材料の シートに、該多孔質伝導材料の一方の側に該伝導性組成物の多孔質固体層を形成 するに足る条件下に塗布して複合体をつくり、そして(b)該複合体の伝導性組 成物を塗布した側が膜電極アセンブリと面するように該複合体を膜電極アセンブ リに隣接して配することを特徴とする電気化学的燃料電池の製造方法。 55.伝導性組成物がポリテトラフルオロエチレンポリマー、パーフルオロアルキ ル/アクリルコポリマー又はパーフルオロシクロブタンポリマーからなる請求項 54記載の方法。 56.伝導性組成物がさらに炭素繊維及び/又は炭素粉末を含有し、該繊維及び/ 又は粉末:ポリマーの重量比が少なくとも1:1である請求項55記載の方法。 57.伝導性組成物がさらに炭素繊維及び/又は炭素粉末を含有し、該繊維及び/ 又は粉末:ポリマーの重量比が少なくとも3:1である請求項55記載の方法。 58.伝導性組成物がさらに炭素繊維及び/又は炭素粉末を含有し、該繊維及び/ 又は粉末:ポリマーの重量比が10以下:1である請求項55記載の方法。 59.伝導性組成物がさらに炭素繊維及び/又は炭素粉末を含有し、該繊維及び/ 又は粉末:ポリマーの重量比が5以下:1である請求項55記載の方法。 60.(a)触媒的に活性な粒子、(b)少なくとも18のpKa及び0.66以 下の塩基度パラメータ、β、をもつ有機化合物、及び(c)重合体状バインダー からなる組成物。 61.バインダーがプロトン形のイオノマーである請求項60記載の組成物。 62.バインダーが600〜1200の範囲の当量重量をもつ請求項60記載の組 成物。 63.バインダーが700〜950の範囲の当量重量をもつ請求項60記載の組成 物。 64.(a)触媒的に活性な粒子、(b)エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカー ボネート、ブチレンカーボネート、エチレンカルバメート、プロピレンカルバメ ート、ブチレンカルバメート、アセトン、アセトニトリル、ジフルオロベンゼン 及びスルホランから選ばれる有機化合物、及び(c)重合体状バインダーからな ることを特徴とする組成物。 65.(a)触媒的に活性な粒子、(b)プロピレンカーボネート、及び(c)重 合体状バインダーからなることを特徴とする組成物。 66.(i)請求項1記載の組成物層を固体ポリマー電解質、炭素繊維紙又は剥離 基材に塗布し、(ii)成分(b)の少なくとも95%が蒸発するに足る条件下に 該組成物を加熱し、そして(iii)もし該組成物が固体ポリマー電解質に直接塗 布されなかった場合には該組成物を固体ポリマー電解質と接触状態に配して膜/ 電解質アセンブリをつくる工程からなることを特徴とする膜/電解質アセンブリ の製造方法。 67.乾燥し陽子化したとき少なくとも10μmの厚さの組成物層を与えるに足る 量で該インクを塗布する請求項66記載の方法。 68.乾燥し陽子化したとき少なくとも15μmの厚さの組成物層を与えるに足る 量で該インクを塗布する請求項66記載の方法。 69.乾燥し陽子化した層の多孔度が30〜90%の範囲にある請求項67記載の 方法。 70.乾燥し陽子化した層の多孔度が50〜90%の範囲にある請求項67記載の 方法。 71.乾燥し陽子化した層の平均細孔サイズが0.03〜0.5μmの範囲にある 請求項67記載の方法。 72.(i)請求項5記載の組成物の層を固体ポリマー電解質、炭素繊維紙又は剥 離基材に塗布し、(ii)成分(b)の少なくとも95%が蒸発するに足る条件下 に該組成物を加熱し、そして(iii)もし該組成物が固体ポリマー電解質に直接 塗布されなかった場合には該組成物を固体ポリマー電解質と接触状態に配して膜 /電解質アセンブリをつくる工程からなることを特徴とする膜/電解質アセンブ リの製造方法。 73.(i)請求項6記載の組成物の固体ポリマー電解質、炭素繊維紙又は剥離基 材に塗布し、(ii)成分(b)の少なくとも95%が蒸発するに足る条件下に該 組成物を加熱し、そして(iii)もし該組成物が固体ポリマー電解質に直接塗布 されなかった場合には該組成物を固体ポリマー電解質と接触状態に配して膜/電 解質アセンブリをつくる工程からなることを特徴とする膜/電解質アセンブリの 製造方法。 74.乾燥し陽子化したとき少なくとも10μmの厚さの組成物層を与えるに足る 量で該インクを塗布する請求項73記載の方法。 75.乾燥し陽子化したとき少なくとも15μmの厚さの組成物層を与えるに足る 量で該インクを塗布する請求項73記載の方法。 76.乾燥し陽子化した層の多孔度が30〜90%の範囲にある請求項74記載の 方法。 77.乾燥し陽子化した層の多孔度が50〜90%の範囲にある請求項74記載の 方法。 78.乾燥し陽子化した層の平均細孔サイズが0.03〜0.5μmの範囲にある 請求項74記載の方法。 79.請求項6記載の少なくとも2種の異なる組成物であって、側鎖スルホン酸基 をバインダーとして含有し且つ各組成物の平均重量が少なくとも50異なる組成 物を順次該電解質、紙又は基材に塗布すると共に、最も小さい平均当量重量のバ インダーをもつ該組成物が固体ポリマー電解質に隣接して位置する請求項73記 載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US54010595A | 1995-10-06 | 1995-10-06 | |
| US08/540,105 | 1995-10-06 | ||
| US08/554,066 | 1995-11-06 | ||
| US08/554,066 US5702755A (en) | 1995-11-06 | 1995-11-06 | Process for preparing a membrane/electrode assembly |
| US1305096P | 1996-03-08 | 1996-03-08 | |
| US60/013,050 | 1996-03-08 | ||
| PCT/US1996/015893 WO1997013287A2 (en) | 1995-10-06 | 1996-10-04 | Flow field structures for membrane electrode assemblies of fuel cells |
Related Child Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001003380A Division JP3453125B2 (ja) | 1995-10-06 | 2001-01-11 | 電気化学的燃料電池 |
| JP2001003379A Division JP3516264B2 (ja) | 1995-10-06 | 2001-01-11 | 燃料電池の膜電極アセンブリ |
| JP2001003381A Division JP3723081B2 (ja) | 1995-10-06 | 2001-01-11 | 燃料電池の膜/電極アセンブリ |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10513006A true JPH10513006A (ja) | 1998-12-08 |
| JP3558134B2 JP3558134B2 (ja) | 2004-08-25 |
Family
ID=27359763
Family Applications (4)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP51443597A Expired - Fee Related JP3558134B2 (ja) | 1995-10-06 | 1996-10-04 | 燃料電池の膜電極アセンブリ用流れフィールド構造 |
| JP2001003379A Expired - Fee Related JP3516264B2 (ja) | 1995-10-06 | 2001-01-11 | 燃料電池の膜電極アセンブリ |
| JP2001003381A Expired - Lifetime JP3723081B2 (ja) | 1995-10-06 | 2001-01-11 | 燃料電池の膜/電極アセンブリ |
| JP2001003380A Expired - Lifetime JP3453125B2 (ja) | 1995-10-06 | 2001-01-11 | 電気化学的燃料電池 |
Family Applications After (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001003379A Expired - Fee Related JP3516264B2 (ja) | 1995-10-06 | 2001-01-11 | 燃料電池の膜電極アセンブリ |
| JP2001003381A Expired - Lifetime JP3723081B2 (ja) | 1995-10-06 | 2001-01-11 | 燃料電池の膜/電極アセンブリ |
| JP2001003380A Expired - Lifetime JP3453125B2 (ja) | 1995-10-06 | 2001-01-11 | 電気化学的燃料電池 |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0853824B1 (ja) |
| JP (4) | JP3558134B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR19990064016A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1201554A (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE245852T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU713035B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2233575A1 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69629201D1 (ja) |
| RU (1) | RU2182737C2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1997013287A2 (ja) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09245802A (ja) * | 1996-03-11 | 1997-09-19 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | 高分子固体電解質型燃料電池用電極 |
| JPH10284087A (ja) * | 1997-04-04 | 1998-10-23 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 固体高分子型燃料電池用電極及び膜・電極接合体 |
| JP2001102059A (ja) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-13 | Toshiba Corp | 固体高分子型燃料電池システム |
| JP2001196070A (ja) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-07-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | 接合体製造装置および接合体製造方法 |
| JP2002015743A (ja) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-18 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 固体高分子型燃料電池 |
| JP2003175340A (ja) * | 2001-09-04 | 2003-06-24 | Korea Inst Of Science & Technology | 分離能がある水素イオン交換複合膜、複合溶液、その製造方法及びこれを含む燃料電池 |
| JP2009520880A (ja) * | 2005-12-23 | 2009-05-28 | ターレスナノ ズィーアールティー. | 高い異なる圧力差を有する電気化学セル用電極、かかる電極の製造方法、及びかかる電極を使用する電気化学セル |
| US7727663B2 (en) | 2001-07-18 | 2010-06-01 | Tel-Aviv University Future Technology Development L.P. | Fuel cell with proton conducting membrane and with improved water and fuel management |
| JP2010534901A (ja) * | 2007-07-26 | 2010-11-11 | プランゼー ソシエタス エウロペア | 燃料電池とその製造方法 |
| JP2011014340A (ja) * | 2009-07-01 | 2011-01-20 | Hitachi Ltd | 燃料電池用高分子膜電極接合体及びこれを用いた燃料電池 |
| JP2011129535A (ja) * | 2001-12-19 | 2011-06-30 | Three M Innovative Properties Co | 電気化学電池用のガス拡散層の製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (69)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5702755A (en) * | 1995-11-06 | 1997-12-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for preparing a membrane/electrode assembly |
| DE19611510A1 (de) * | 1996-03-23 | 1997-09-25 | Degussa | Gasdiffusionselektrode für Membranbrennstoffzellen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| JP3773325B2 (ja) * | 1997-03-17 | 2006-05-10 | ジャパンゴアテックス株式会社 | 高分子固体電解質燃料電池用ガス拡散層材料及びその接合体 |
| AU727997B2 (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 2001-01-04 | Dow Chemical Company, The | Electrolysis of alkali metal halide brines using oxygen cathode systems |
| US5976726A (en) * | 1997-05-01 | 1999-11-02 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Electrochemical cell with fluid distribution layer having integral sealing capability |
| FR2764443B1 (fr) * | 1997-06-10 | 1999-09-03 | Peugeot | Pile a combustible du type a distributeurs de reactifs en forme de plaques |
| US5910378A (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 1999-06-08 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Membrane electrode assemblies |
| DE19812592B4 (de) * | 1998-03-23 | 2004-05-13 | Umicore Ag & Co.Kg | Membran-Elektroden-Einheit für Polymer-Elektrolyt-Brennstoffzellen, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie Tinte |
| JP4023903B2 (ja) * | 1998-04-02 | 2007-12-19 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | 固体高分子型燃料電池用膜・電極接合体 |
| US6103413A (en) * | 1998-05-21 | 2000-08-15 | The Dow Chemical Company | Bipolar plates for electrochemical cells |
| US6660424B1 (en) * | 1998-08-20 | 2003-12-09 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell and method of manufacture thereof |
| DE19840517A1 (de) | 1998-09-04 | 2000-03-16 | Manhattan Scientifics Inc | Gasdiffusionsstruktur senkrecht zur Membran von Polymerelektrolyt-Membran Brennstoffzellen |
| JP4742395B2 (ja) * | 1999-08-03 | 2011-08-10 | 株式会社エクォス・リサーチ | 燃料電池用空気極 |
| US6770394B2 (en) * | 2000-02-11 | 2004-08-03 | The Texas A&M University System | Fuel cell with monolithic flow field-bipolar plate assembly and method for making and cooling a fuel cell stack |
| WO2001059862A2 (en) * | 2000-02-11 | 2001-08-16 | The Texas A & M University System | Electroconductive fuel cell component with directly bonded layers and method for making same |
| US6828054B2 (en) | 2000-02-11 | 2004-12-07 | The Texas A&M University System | Electronically conducting fuel cell component with directly bonded layers and method for making the same |
| DK1150369T3 (da) | 2000-04-28 | 2003-10-13 | Omg Ag & Co Kg | Gasfordelingsstrukturer og gasdiffusionselektroder til polymerelektrolyt-brændstofceller |
| JP3594533B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-30 | 2004-12-02 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
| FR2810794A1 (fr) * | 2000-06-26 | 2001-12-28 | Sorapec | Association d'electrodes et de membrane comportant des conducteurs protoniques |
| DE10042744A1 (de) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-03-28 | Omg Ag & Co Kg | PEM-Brennstoffzellenstapel |
| WO2002027846A2 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2002-04-04 | Proton Energy Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for improved fluid flow within an electrochemical cell |
| JP2002313359A (ja) * | 2001-04-17 | 2002-10-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 固体高分子型燃料電池 |
| JP2003242989A (ja) * | 2002-02-13 | 2003-08-29 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 燃料電池 |
| GB2390738B (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2005-05-11 | Intelligent Energy Ltd | Fuel cell direct water injection |
| JP4396091B2 (ja) * | 2002-09-30 | 2010-01-13 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 燃料電池用ガス拡散層 |
| RU2316850C2 (ru) * | 2002-10-21 | 2008-02-10 | Идеа Лаб С.Р.Л. | Не содержащие платину электрокаталитические материалы |
| JP4647902B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-29 | 2011-03-09 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 膜−電極構造体の製造方法 |
| US20040151960A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-05 | Rock Jeffrey Allan | Flow restrictors in fuel cell flow-field |
| KR100647581B1 (ko) | 2003-07-02 | 2006-11-24 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 나노입자로 구성된 미세 다공성 박막 및 그의 제조방법 |
| US20050026012A1 (en) * | 2003-07-28 | 2005-02-03 | O'hara Jeanette E. | Diffusion media tailored to account for variations in operating humidity and devices incorporating the same |
| KR100729974B1 (ko) * | 2003-07-31 | 2007-06-20 | 도요다 지도샤 가부시끼가이샤 | 연료전지 스택, 연료전지 시스템 및 연료전지 스택의 제조방법 |
| JP4870328B2 (ja) * | 2003-10-10 | 2012-02-08 | ペルメレック電極株式会社 | 膜―電極接合体の製造方法 |
| US7655340B2 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2010-02-02 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Ultra short high pressure gradient flow path flow field |
| US20050202306A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 | 2005-09-15 | Celgard Inc. | Direct methanol fuel cell |
| RU2329571C1 (ru) * | 2004-04-19 | 2008-07-20 | ЭлДжи ЭЛЕКТРОНИКС ИНК. | Топливный элемент |
| JP5044920B2 (ja) | 2004-11-25 | 2012-10-10 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 固体高分子型燃料電池 |
| GB2422716B (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2007-08-22 | Intelligent Energy Ltd | Multi-layer fuel cell diffuser |
| JP4715842B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-21 | 2011-07-06 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 電極触媒の製造方法、膜電極接合体の製造方法、および固体高分子型燃料電池の製造方法 |
| JP4237156B2 (ja) | 2005-03-28 | 2009-03-11 | 富士通株式会社 | 電解質組成物、固体電解質膜、固体高分子型燃料電池および固体電解質膜の製造方法 |
| JP2007073337A (ja) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-22 | Gs Yuasa Corporation:Kk | 直接メタノール形燃料電池用膜/電極接合体およびそれを用いた直接メタノール形燃料電池 |
| GB0519807D0 (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2005-11-09 | Welding Inst | Fuel cell assembly |
| JP2007103083A (ja) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-19 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 燃料電池用触媒層−電解質膜積層体製造用転写シート及び触媒層−電解質膜積層体 |
| JPWO2007069404A1 (ja) * | 2005-12-16 | 2009-05-21 | 株式会社エクォス・リサーチ | 燃料電池用電極、燃料電池のセル及び燃料電池のスタック |
| JP4612569B2 (ja) | 2006-03-20 | 2011-01-12 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 固体高分子型燃料電池用膜電極構造体 |
| US9401523B2 (en) | 2007-01-09 | 2016-07-26 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Fuel cell and method for reducing electrode degradation during startup and shutdown cycles |
| JP2008277093A (ja) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-11-13 | Equos Research Co Ltd | 燃料電池用拡散層、燃料電池及び燃料電池の製造方法。 |
| EP2031681A1 (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-04 | The Technical University of Denmark | Horizontally graded structures for electrochemical and electronic devices |
| EP2062933A1 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2009-05-27 | Solvay Solexis S.p.A. | Fluoroionomer liquid composition |
| EP2374180A1 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2011-10-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fuel cell membrane electrode assembly with multilayer cathode |
| KR101045207B1 (ko) * | 2009-01-16 | 2011-06-30 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 연료전지 스택 |
| KR101040428B1 (ko) | 2009-06-09 | 2011-06-09 | 주식회사 협진아이엔씨 | 고분자형 연료전지 막 전극 접합체의 이중 구조를 갖는 기체확산층 탄소기재와 그 제조방법 |
| KR101481187B1 (ko) * | 2009-12-03 | 2015-01-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지용 기체확산층및 그 제조방법 |
| US8735023B2 (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2014-05-27 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Fuel cell with layered electrode |
| KR101282620B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-03 | 2013-07-12 | 기아자동차주식회사 | 냉해동 내구성이 우수한 연료전지 스택 및 그 제조방법 |
| EP2684239B1 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2025-01-01 | Audi AG | Unitized electrode assembly with high equivalent weight ionomer |
| KR101405721B1 (ko) | 2011-04-29 | 2014-06-13 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 소수성이 개선된 기공체 및 그 제조 방법 |
| EP2729979B1 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2017-12-13 | Audi AG | Low platinum load electrode |
| JP5900995B2 (ja) | 2012-01-20 | 2016-04-06 | アウディ アクチェンゲゼルシャフトAudi Ag | 傾斜触媒構造を有する燃料電池電極 |
| US9040209B2 (en) * | 2012-02-02 | 2015-05-26 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Multi-layer polyelectrolyte membranes |
| JP5673655B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-19 | 2015-02-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 多孔質層部材の製造方法、及び多孔質層部材を含む膜電極ガス拡散層接合体の製造方法 |
| GB201220825D0 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-01-02 | Univ Leeds | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN105637690B (zh) | 2012-12-21 | 2018-06-22 | 奥迪股份公司 | 制备电解质材料的方法 |
| JP6165878B2 (ja) | 2012-12-21 | 2017-07-19 | アウディ アクチェンゲゼルシャフトAudi Ag | 電解質膜、分散体、および分散方法 |
| KR102018941B1 (ko) | 2012-12-21 | 2019-09-05 | 도요타지도샤가부시키가이샤 | 양성자 교환 물질 및 그를 위한 방법 |
| WO2016199805A1 (ja) * | 2015-06-08 | 2016-12-15 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 固体電解質組成物、全固体二次電池用電極シートおよび全固体二次電池ならびに全固体二次電池用電極シートおよび全固体二次電池の製造方法 |
| CN106935885B (zh) * | 2017-03-10 | 2020-04-07 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | 一种高孔隙率多孔碳填充的燃料电池流场结构及其制备方法 |
| WO2019046724A1 (en) | 2017-09-01 | 2019-03-07 | Itn Energy Systems, Inc. | SEGMENTED FRAMES FOR REDOX FLUX BATTERIES |
| CN113394424B (zh) * | 2021-06-11 | 2023-06-20 | 上海交通大学 | 粘合导电板及其制备方法 |
| JP7752598B2 (ja) * | 2022-12-27 | 2025-10-10 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 膜電極接合体、及び膜電極接合体の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4215183A (en) * | 1979-01-02 | 1980-07-29 | General Electric Company | Wet proofed conductive current collector for the electrochemical cells |
| BR8202395A (pt) * | 1981-05-01 | 1983-04-12 | Du Pont | Conjunto composto membrana/eletrodo celula eletroquimica e processo para eletrolise |
| US4469579A (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1984-09-04 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Solid polymer electrolytes and electrode bonded with hydrophylic fluorocopolymers |
| JPS58155663A (ja) * | 1982-03-12 | 1983-09-16 | Hitachi Ltd | 燃料電池 |
| JPS6152383A (ja) * | 1984-08-21 | 1986-03-15 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | 陽イオン交換膜を電解質とする電気化学装置 |
| JPH07118324B2 (ja) * | 1985-08-30 | 1995-12-18 | 株式会社東芝 | ガス拡散電極の製造方法 |
| JPS6280965A (ja) * | 1985-10-02 | 1987-04-14 | Hitachi Ltd | 燃料電池 |
| US5171644A (en) * | 1991-01-09 | 1992-12-15 | The Dow Chemical Company | Electrochemical cell electrode |
| JP3245929B2 (ja) * | 1992-03-09 | 2002-01-15 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 燃料電池及びその応用装置 |
| GB9213124D0 (en) * | 1992-06-20 | 1992-08-05 | Johnson Matthey Plc | High performance electrode |
| US5292600A (en) * | 1992-08-13 | 1994-03-08 | H-Power Corp. | Hydrogen power cell |
| JP3356465B2 (ja) * | 1992-09-18 | 2002-12-16 | 株式会社東芝 | 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池用電極の製造方法 |
| JPH06203840A (ja) * | 1993-01-08 | 1994-07-22 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
| JP3892053B2 (ja) * | 1993-03-26 | 2007-03-14 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | プロトン交換膜型燃料電池 |
| US5415888A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1995-05-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method of imprinting catalytically active particles on membrane |
| IT1270878B (it) * | 1993-04-30 | 1997-05-13 | Permelec Spa Nora | Migliorata cella elettrochimica utilizzante membrane a scambio ionico e piatti bipolari metallici |
| JPH07135004A (ja) * | 1993-11-12 | 1995-05-23 | Toyota Motor Corp | 固体高分子電解質膜および燃料電池 |
| BE1008455A3 (nl) * | 1994-06-07 | 1996-05-07 | Vito | Gasdiffusie elektrode met katalysator voor een elektrochemische cel met vast elektrolyt en werkwijze ter vervaardiging van dergelijke elektrode. |
| JPH0888007A (ja) * | 1994-09-16 | 1996-04-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 固体高分子型燃料電池およびその電極 |
| US5863671A (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1999-01-26 | H Power Corporation | Plastic platelet fuel cells employing integrated fluid management |
| US5521020A (en) * | 1994-10-14 | 1996-05-28 | Bcs Technology, Inc. | Method for catalyzing a gas diffusion electrode |
| US6054230A (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 2000-04-25 | Japan Gore-Tex, Inc. | Ion exchange and electrode assembly for an electrochemical cell |
| US5620807A (en) * | 1995-08-31 | 1997-04-15 | The Dow Chemical Company | Flow field assembly for electrochemical fuel cells |
| US5514486A (en) * | 1995-09-01 | 1996-05-07 | The Regents Of The University Of California, Office Of Technology Transfer | Annular feed air breathing fuel cell stack |
-
1996
- 1996-10-04 AT AT96936178T patent/ATE245852T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-04 AU AU73890/96A patent/AU713035B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-10-04 RU RU98108451/09A patent/RU2182737C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-04 WO PCT/US1996/015893 patent/WO1997013287A2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-10-04 CA CA002233575A patent/CA2233575A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-10-04 DE DE69629201T patent/DE69629201D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-04 JP JP51443597A patent/JP3558134B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-04 CN CN96198100A patent/CN1201554A/zh active Pending
- 1996-10-04 KR KR1019980702493A patent/KR19990064016A/ko not_active Abandoned
- 1996-10-04 EP EP96936178A patent/EP0853824B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-01-11 JP JP2001003379A patent/JP3516264B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-01-11 JP JP2001003381A patent/JP3723081B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-01-11 JP JP2001003380A patent/JP3453125B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09245802A (ja) * | 1996-03-11 | 1997-09-19 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | 高分子固体電解質型燃料電池用電極 |
| JPH10284087A (ja) * | 1997-04-04 | 1998-10-23 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 固体高分子型燃料電池用電極及び膜・電極接合体 |
| JP2001102059A (ja) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-13 | Toshiba Corp | 固体高分子型燃料電池システム |
| JP2001196070A (ja) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-07-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | 接合体製造装置および接合体製造方法 |
| JP2002015743A (ja) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-18 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 固体高分子型燃料電池 |
| US7951511B2 (en) | 2001-07-18 | 2011-05-31 | Tel-Aviv University Future Technology Development L.P. | Fuel cell with proton conducting membrane and with improved water and fuel management |
| US7727663B2 (en) | 2001-07-18 | 2010-06-01 | Tel-Aviv University Future Technology Development L.P. | Fuel cell with proton conducting membrane and with improved water and fuel management |
| JP2003175340A (ja) * | 2001-09-04 | 2003-06-24 | Korea Inst Of Science & Technology | 分離能がある水素イオン交換複合膜、複合溶液、その製造方法及びこれを含む燃料電池 |
| JP2011129535A (ja) * | 2001-12-19 | 2011-06-30 | Three M Innovative Properties Co | 電気化学電池用のガス拡散層の製造方法 |
| JP2009520880A (ja) * | 2005-12-23 | 2009-05-28 | ターレスナノ ズィーアールティー. | 高い異なる圧力差を有する電気化学セル用電極、かかる電極の製造方法、及びかかる電極を使用する電気化学セル |
| JP2010534901A (ja) * | 2007-07-26 | 2010-11-11 | プランゼー ソシエタス エウロペア | 燃料電池とその製造方法 |
| US9680163B2 (en) | 2007-07-26 | 2017-06-13 | Plansee Se | Fuel cell and method for production thereof |
| JP2011014340A (ja) * | 2009-07-01 | 2011-01-20 | Hitachi Ltd | 燃料電池用高分子膜電極接合体及びこれを用いた燃料電池 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1997013287A3 (en) | 1997-12-24 |
| AU7389096A (en) | 1997-04-28 |
| JP2001189155A (ja) | 2001-07-10 |
| EP0853824B1 (en) | 2003-07-23 |
| WO1997013287A2 (en) | 1997-04-10 |
| RU2182737C2 (ru) | 2002-05-20 |
| MX9802670A (es) | 1998-09-30 |
| CA2233575A1 (en) | 1997-04-10 |
| KR19990064016A (ko) | 1999-07-26 |
| AU713035B2 (en) | 1999-11-18 |
| JP3558134B2 (ja) | 2004-08-25 |
| ATE245852T1 (de) | 2003-08-15 |
| EP0853824A2 (en) | 1998-07-22 |
| JP2001240755A (ja) | 2001-09-04 |
| JP3453125B2 (ja) | 2003-10-06 |
| JP2001185158A (ja) | 2001-07-06 |
| DE69629201D1 (de) | 2003-08-28 |
| CN1201554A (zh) | 1998-12-09 |
| JP3516264B2 (ja) | 2004-04-05 |
| JP3723081B2 (ja) | 2005-12-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP3558134B2 (ja) | 燃料電池の膜電極アセンブリ用流れフィールド構造 | |
| US5869416A (en) | Electrode ink for membrane electrode assembly | |
| US5882810A (en) | Active layer for membrane electrode assembly | |
| JP4023903B2 (ja) | 固体高分子型燃料電池用膜・電極接合体 | |
| US6060190A (en) | Electrochemical fuel cell membrane electrode assembly with porous electrode substrate | |
| JP3430113B2 (ja) | 電気化学電池用の電極及び膜−電極アセンブリ | |
| JP4334618B2 (ja) | 高分子電解質膜型燃料電池用ガス拡散電極 | |
| EP1944819B1 (en) | Method for producing membrane electrode assembly for solid polymer fuel cell | |
| WO1997013287A9 (en) | Flow field structures for membrane electrode assemblies of fuel cells | |
| JP5066998B2 (ja) | 固体高分子形燃料電池用膜電極接合体 | |
| JP4090108B2 (ja) | 固体高分子型燃料電池用膜・電極接合体 | |
| JP3714766B2 (ja) | 固体高分子型燃料電池用電極及び膜・電極接合体 | |
| JP2002536565A (ja) | 不織ウェブ | |
| CN113764679B (zh) | 包含耐久性增强层的燃料电池及其制造方法 | |
| AU6885498A (en) | Electrolysis of alkali metal halide brines using oxygen cathode systems | |
| JP2006085984A (ja) | 燃料電池用mea、および、これを用いた燃料電池 | |
| WO2021132103A1 (ja) | 触媒層、固体高分子形燃料電池用膜電極接合体、及び固体高分子形燃料電池 | |
| JP2009140657A (ja) | 燃料電池用電極触媒 | |
| WO2008058199A1 (en) | Electrocatalyst layers for fuel cells and methods of making electrocatalyst layers for fuel cells | |
| EP1267433A2 (en) | Flow field structures for membrane electrode assemblies of fuel cells | |
| JP5023591B2 (ja) | 燃料電池用の膜・電極接合体 | |
| JP2011070925A (ja) | 電解質膜−電極接合体 | |
| JP2006120402A (ja) | 燃料電池 | |
| MXPA98002670A (en) | Field field structures for combusti cells membrane electrode assemblies |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20031126 |
|
| A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711 Effective date: 20031212 |
|
| A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20040304 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20040413 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20040512 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313113 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313113 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080528 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090528 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090528 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090528 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090528 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100528 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100528 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313111 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100528 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110528 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110528 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120528 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120528 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130528 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130528 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140528 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |