KR20160102005A - 미생물로부터 오일을 회수하는 방법 - Google Patents
미생물로부터 오일을 회수하는 방법 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 0.2%(좌측 막대) 및 0.4%(우측 막대)의 비스코자임, 알칼라제, 플라보르자임, 및 만나웨이 효소로 효소적으로 가수분해된 세포로부터 회수된 오일의 퍼센트를 나타내는 그래프이다.
도 3은 40mM H2SO4, 160mM H2SO4, 및 0.2%(v/v) 알칼라제로 가수분해 후 세척되지 않은(좌측 막대) 및 세척된(우측 막대) 세포로부터 회수된 오일의 퍼센트를 나타내는 그래프이다.
도 4는 55℃에서 18시간 동안 및 70℃에서 4시간 동안 효소적으로 가수분해된 세포로부터 회수된 오일의 퍼센트를 나타내는 그래프이다.
도 5는 TG 조류 오일, 생물연료 및 EE 조류 오일의 지질 부류 프로파일을 나타내는 그래프이다.
도 6은 0.4%(v/v) 알칼라제로 55℃에서 18시간 동안 가수분해된 바이오매스(biomass) 공급물, 55℃에서 원심분리 후 농축되고 가수분해된 바이오매스, 및 55℃에서 원심분리된 후에 배지(좌측에서 우측으로)의 묘사이다.
도 7a는 Na2SO4 및 90℃ 가열로 처리한, 농축되고 가수분해된 바이오매스 공급물의 묘사이다.
도 7b는 90℃에서 원심분리 후 소비된 바이오매스(좌측) 및 90℃에서 원심분리 후 회수된 오일(우측)을 나타내는 사진이다.
도 8은 가수분해 시간의 함수로서 55℃ 및 pH 8.0에서 0.1%(v/v) 알칼라제를 사용한 효소적 가수분해 후 세포로부터 회수된 오일의 퍼센트 및 배지속의 아미노산 농도를 나타내는 그래프이다.
도 9는 가수분해 시간의 함수로서 55℃ 및 pH 8.0에서 0.05%(v/v) 알칼라제를 사용한 효소적 가수분해 후 세포로부터 회수된 오일의 퍼센트 및 배지속의 아미노산 농도를 나타내는 그래프이다.
도 10은 pH 3.5, 4.5, 5.5, 6.5, 7.5, 및 8.0에서 효소적으로 가수분해된 세포로부터 회수된 오일의 퍼센트를 나타내는 그래프이다.
| 샘플 번호 | 산 / 염기 유형 | 농도(mM) | 오일 회수율(%) |
| 1 | HCl | 40 | 1 |
| 2 | HCl | 100 | 47 |
| 3 | HCl | 160 | 100 |
| 4 | H3PO4 | 40 | 12 |
| 5 | H3PO4 | 100 | 3 |
| 6 | H3PO4 | 160 | 5 |
| 7 | H2SO4 | 40 | 7 |
| 8 | H2SO4 | 100 | 68 |
| 9 | H2SO4 | 160 | 94 |
| 10 | NaOH | 40 | 8 |
| 11 | NaOH | 100 | 40 |
| 12 | NaOH | 160 | 52 |
| 13 | KOH | 40 | 8 |
| 14 | KOH | 100 | 20 |
| 15 | KOH | 160 | 54 |
|
샘플
번호 |
효소 | 농도( % v/v) |
오일
회수율(%) |
| 1 | 비스코자임 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| 2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | |
| 3 | 알칼라제 | 0.2 | 96 |
| 4 | 0.4 | 96 | |
| 5 | 플라보르자임 | 0.2 | 1 |
| 6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | |
| 7 | 만나웨이 | 0.2 | 0 |
| 8 | 0.4 | 0.8 | |
| 9 | 알칼라제/비스코자임 | 0.2/0.2 | 93 |
| 10 | 알칼라제/만나웨이 | 0.2/0.2 | 91 |
| 11 | 플라보자임/만나웨이 | 0.2/0.2 | 0.3 |
| 샘플 번호 |
세척됨/
세척되지 않음 |
산/효소 처리 | 농도 | 회수된 오일(%) |
| 1 | 세척되지 않음 | H2SO4 | 40 mM | 5 |
| 2 | 세척됨 | H2SO4 | 40 mM | 61 |
| 3 | 세척되지 않음 | H2SO4 | 160 mM | 27 |
| 4 | 세척됨 | H2SO4 | 160 mM | 91 |
| 5 | 세척되지 않음 | 알칼라제 | 0.2% v/v | 93 |
| 6 | 세척됨 | 알칼라제 | 0.2% v/v | 94 |
| 습윤 바이오매스 :생물연료비 | TG:EE - FFA 비 |
조류
오일%
|
실제 조류 오일% | 회수된 오일(%) |
| 순수한 조류 오일 | 52.8 | 100 | ||
| 1:2 | 0.0455 | 4.45 | 7.96 | 56 |
| 1:1 | 0.0764 | 7.44 | 14.7 | 51 |
| 1:0.4 | 0.268 | 20.48 | 23.5 | 96 |
| 1:0.2 | 0.42 | 31.42 | 46.4 | 68 |
| 생물연료 | 0.00291 | 0 |
| 습윤 바이오매스 :추출 오일 비 | 오일 추출 효능(질량 균형 기준)(%) | 오일 추출 효능( DHA:올레산 비)( % ) |
| 생물연료 | ||
| 1:2 | 76 | 56 |
| 1:1 | 54 | 51 |
| 1:0.4 | 59 | 96 |
| 1:0.2 | 54 | 68 |
| TG 조류 오일 | ||
| 1:2 | 52 | |
| 1:1 | 40 | |
| 1:0.4 | 34 | |
| 1:0.2 | 43 | |
| EE 조류 오일 | ||
| 1:2 | 76 | 100 |
| 1:1 | 70 | 100 |
| 1:0.4 | 75 | 100 |
| 1:0.2 | 83 | 100 |
| 샘플 번호 | 효소 농도(% v/v) | 가수분해 시간(h) | 오일 회수율(%) | 아미노산 농도(mM) |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | <5% | 26.4 |
| 2 | 0.1 | 0 | 82.6 | 38.2 |
| 3 | 0 | 2 | <5% | 24.3 |
| 4 | 0.1 | 2 | 83.9 | 41.5 |
| 5 | 0 | 4 | <5% | 22.6 |
| 6 | 0.1 | 4 | 86.1 | 46.3 |
| 7 | 0 | 6 | <5% | 23.6 |
| 8 | 0.1 | 6 | 85.9 | 47.5 |
| 9 | 0 | 24 | <5% | 23.5 |
| 10 | 0.1 | 24 | 89.1 | 51.5 |
| 샘플 번호 | 효소 농도(% v/v) | 가수분해 시간(h) | 오일 회수율(%) | 아미노산 농도(mM) |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | <5% | 45.2 |
| 2 | 0.05 | 0 | 69.7 | 49.0 |
| 3 | 0 | 2 | <5% | 41.7 |
| 4 | 0.05 | 2 | 85.7 | 52.6 |
| 5 | 0 | 4 | <5% | 42.8 |
| 6 | 0.05 | 4 | 82.5 | 55.6 |
| 7 | 0 | 6 | <5% | 43.1 |
| 8 | 0.05 | 6 | 79.1 | 56.9 |
| 9 | 0 | 24 | <5% | 39.9 |
| 10 | 0.05 | 24 | 86.2 | 53.9 |
| 샘플 번호 | 가수분해용 pH | 오일 회수율(%) |
| 1 | 8 | 66.9±2.3 |
| 2 | 3.5 | 0 |
| 3 | 4.5 | 0 |
| 4 | 5.5 | 60.3±5.9 |
| 5 | 6.5 | 70.4±1.0 |
| 6 | 7.5 | 71.0±5.6 |
| 샘플 번호 | 바이오매스 농도(g/L) | 효소 | pH | 오일 회수율(%) |
| 1 | 171 | 알칼라제 | 8 | 89 |
| 2 | 171 | 프로테아제 'M' | 6 | 64 |
| 3 | 171 | 셀룰라제 'A' | 4.5 | 6.7 |
| 4 | 171 | 헤미셀룰라제 90 | 4.5 | 6.1 |
| 5 | 171 | 프로테아제/셀룰로즈/헤미셀룰로즈 | 5 | 28 |
| 6 | 171 | 프로테아제/셀룰로즈 | 5 | 12 |
| 7 | 171 | 프로테아제/헤미셀룰로즈 | 5 | 20 |
| 8 | 171 | 셀룰로즈/헤미셀룰로즈 | 4.5 | 5.0 |
| 9 | 138 | 알칼라제 | 8 | 98 |
| 10 | 138 | 사비나제 울트라 | 8 | 94 |
| 11 | 138 | 블라제 에비티 | 8 | 93 |
| 12 | 138 | 뉴트라제 | 8 | 7.2 |
| 13 | 150 | 알칼라제 | 8 | 92 |
| 14 | 150 | 폴라르자임 | 8 | 88 |
Claims (28)
- (a) 미생물의 집단을 하나 이상의 효소와 상기 미생물의 파괴를 유발하는 조건하에 접촉시키는 단계;
(b) 상기 파괴된 미생물을 농축시키는 단계; 및
(c) 상기 파괴된 미생물로부터 고온에서 유기 용매 중에서 및 유기 용매의 부재하에 및 염의 존재하에 지질을 추출하는 단계
를 포함하는, 미생물의 집단으로부터 지질을 회수하는 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
접촉 단계가 5 내지 8.5의 pH에서 수행되는 방법. - 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,
접촉 단계가 약 50 내지 약 70℃의 온도에서 수행되는 방법. - 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
접촉 단계가 1 내지 20시간 동안 수행되는 방법. - 제4항에 있어서,
접촉 단계가 1 내지 8시간 동안 수행되는 방법. - 제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
효소가 프로테아제인 방법. - 제6항에 있어서,
효소가 알칼라제 2.4 L인 방법. - 제1항 내지 제7항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
효소의 농도가 0.001 내지 0.4% 용적/용적인 방법. - 제8항에 있어서,
효소의 농도가 0.05 내지 0.2% 용적/용적인 방법. - 제1항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
접촉 단계가 약 55℃에서 1 내지 8시간 동안 0.05 내지 0.2%의 효소의 존재하에 수행되는 방법. - 제1항 내지 제10항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
접촉 단계가 계면활성제의 부재하에 수행되는 방법. - 제1항 내지 제11항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
접촉 단계 이전에 세포를 파괴함을 포함하는 예비-처리 단계를 추가로 포함하는 방법. - 제1항 내지 제12항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
농축 단계가 원심분리를 포함하는 방법. - 제1항 내지 제13항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
농축 단계가 25 내지 90% 수성 제거를 포함하는 방법. - 제14항에 있어서,
농축 단계가 85% 수성 제거를 포함하는 방법. - 제1항 내지 제15항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
추출 단계 동안의 고온이 75 내지 95℃인 방법. - 제16항에 있어서,
추출 단계 동안의 고온이 85℃인 방법. - 제1항 내지 제17항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
추출 단계 동안에 가해진 염의 농도가 1 내지 5%인 방법. - 제18항에 있어서,
추출 단계 동안에 가해진 염의 농도가 3 내지 5%인 방법. - 제1항 내지 제19항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
추출 단계 동안에 가해진 염이 황산나트륨인 방법. - 제1항 내지 제20항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
추출 단계가 오일의 존재하에 수행되는 방법. - 제21항에 있어서,
오일이 코코넛 오일인 방법. - 제1항 내지 제20항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
추출 단계가 생물연료의 존재하에 수행되는 방법. - 제1항 내지 제20항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
추출 단계가 오일 또는 생물연료의 부재하에 수행되는 방법. - 제1항 내지 제24항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
미생물의 집단이 조류, 진균, 세균 및 원생생물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 방법. - 제25항에 있어서,
미생물의 집단이 트라우스토키트리움(Thraustochytrium), 스키조키트리움(Schizochytrium) 속 및 이들의 혼합물로부터 선택되는 방법. - 제26항에 있어서,
미생물의 집단이 ATCC 수탁 번호 제PTA-6245호로 기탁된 트라우스토키트리움(Thraustochytrium) 종인 방법. - 제1항 내지 제27항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
지질이 도코사헥사엔산을 포함하는 방법.
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