TW302323B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- TW302323B TW302323B TW85108067A TW85108067A TW302323B TW 302323 B TW302323 B TW 302323B TW 85108067 A TW85108067 A TW 85108067A TW 85108067 A TW85108067 A TW 85108067A TW 302323 B TW302323 B TW 302323B
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
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- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 recycled PET Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002991 molded plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001893 acrylonitrile styrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enenitrile;styrene Chemical compound C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-3,5-dioxabicyclo[5.2.2]undeca-1(9),7,10-triene-2,6-dione Chemical compound C1(C2=CC=C(C(=O)OC(=C)O1)C=C2)=O LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 241000218206 Ranunculus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000417 polynaphthalene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 136
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 73
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 73
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 56
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920008651 Crystalline Polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000002564 cardiac stress test Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N Heavy water Chemical compound [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 229940123973 Oxygen scavenger Drugs 0.000 description 5
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- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002215 polytrimethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1(CO)CCCCC1 ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1CCC(CO)CC1 YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEIOBOXBGYWJIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane;methanol Chemical compound OC.OC.C1CCCCC1 VEIOBOXBGYWJIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006258 high performance thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002440 hydroxy compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010103 injection stretch blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005644 polyethylene terephthalate glycol copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
- B29C45/1615—The materials being injected at different moulding stations
- B29C45/1625—Injecting parison-like articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
- B29C45/1657—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles using means for adhering or bonding the layers or parts to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
- B29C45/1684—Injecting parison-like articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/0005—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/071—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration, e.g. geometry, dimensions or physical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
- B29C49/6409—Thermal conditioning of preforms
- B29C49/6436—Thermal conditioning of preforms characterised by temperature differential
- B29C49/6454—Thermal conditioning of preforms characterised by temperature differential through the preform thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B29C2035/0822—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B29C2035/0855—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using microwave
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B29C2035/0861—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using radio frequency
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
- B29C45/1657—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles using means for adhering or bonding the layers or parts to each other
- B29C2045/1659—Fusion bonds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/22—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or parisons
- B29C2049/222—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or parisons only parts of the preforms or parisons are layered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2049/7879—Stretching, e.g. stretch rod
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
- B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
- B29C2949/0715—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration the preform having one end closed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
- B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
- B29C2949/072—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration having variable wall thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C49/4283—Deforming the finished article
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
- B29C49/6604—Thermal conditioning of the blown article
- B29C49/6605—Heating the article, e.g. for hot fill
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/26—Scrap or recycled material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29K2667/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
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- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
- B29K2995/0025—Opaque
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0039—Amorphous
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/004—Semi-crystalline
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0041—Crystalline
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0041—Crystalline
- B29K2995/0043—Crystalline non-uniform
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
- Y10S264/907—Direct application of fluid pressure differential to shape, reshape, i.e. distort, or sustain an article or preform and crystallizing of nonstretched or molecularly unoriented portion thereof
- Y10S264/908—Crystallizing of neck portion of hollow article or hollow preform
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
3〇2523 經濟部中央樣準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 B7____五、發明説明(1 ) 發明範疇 本發明係關於雛型等多層射出成型塑膠物體之製造方 法和裝置,其中接續成型內套筒和外層,得以成本有效性 製造多層雛型,以供殺菌性、熱塡性、以及回收性和重塡 性之飮料容器。 發明背景 在Krishnakumar 等人的美國專利46〇9516號中,記載 以單一射出模腔形成多層雛型之方法。在該法中,將不同 的熱塑材料接續射出於模腔底。材料向上流動充塡於腔內 ,跨越側壁形成例如五層結構。此五層結構可由二種材料 (即第一和第三種射出材料相同)或三種材料(即第一和 第三種射出材料不同)。二種結構均在商業上廣用於飮料 和其他食品容器。 二種材料五層(2M,5L)結構之例,具有原生聚對苯 二甲酸乙二酯(PET )的內層和芯層,以及乙烯一 乙燔醇(EVOH )的中間阻層。三種材料五層(3M,5L )結 構之例,具有辱―生PET的內、外層,EVOI^瞍φ間丨且屋, 以及再生或後消費聚對笨二甲酸乙二酯(PC-PET )的芯層 —--—---- 。此等容器在商業上成功的二項理由是:⑴藉提供極薄中 間層,較貴阻層材料(例如EVOH )量可減到最少;和⑵ 不需使用粘着劑來粘結不相似材料,容器可抵抗諸層的脫 層。芯層利用PC - PET,各容器成本可降低,而效能無重 大變化。 雖然上述五層,以及其他三層(例如參見美國專利 I - ^ ~~ 訂 I ~ 線 I ϋ - · ί (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本買) 本紙张尺度適用中國國家標隼(CNS ) A4洗格(210Χ2<Π公釐〉 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) 4923 723號)結構,對各種容器成效良好,由於有另外高 效能而昂貴的材料,故亟需有製法可密切控制指定容器結 構的材料用量。例如,聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(PEN )爲用於 吹氣成型容器之所需聚酯。PEN的阻氧能力約爲PET的五 倍,且熱安定溫度較高,一 PEN約25 0 °F ( 120。<:),而 PET約175 °F ( 80。(:)。此等性能使PEN可用於儲存氧氣 敏感性產品(例如食物、化粧品、醫寒品),和/或受到 高溫的容器(例如重塡或熱塡容器)。然而,PEN實質上 比PET昂貴,且加工要件不同。因此,目前PEN的商業用 途有限。 另一高溫應用是殺菌-殺菌性容器是在室溫充塡和 密封,再於提供溫度的液槽內暴露約10分鐘或以上。殺菌 過程是起先暴露於高溫和正內壓,接着冷却過程,在容器 內產生眞空。在整個程序中,密封容器必須抵抗變形,以 保留外觀堪用,在指定容量公差內,而不洩漏。尤其是, 螺紋頸修飾必須抵抗變形,以免妨碍完全密封。 已倡議許多方法來加強頸部修飾,一種策略是增加另 一生產步驟,於是,雛型或容器的頸部修飾暴露於加熱元 件,受熱結晶。然而,此擧產生若干問題。在結晶化時, 聚合物密度提高,產生的容量減少;所以,爲了獲得所需 頸部修飾尺寸,剛成型的尺寸必須比最後(結晶後)的尺 寸爲大。因此,難以達成密切的尺寸公差,一般而言,結 晶後臨界頸部修飾尺寸的變化性,爲結晶前的大約二倍。 另一關鍵是,增加加工步驟會提高成本,因需要時間且應 2 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(2丨0X297公釐) I---r------^-'^x -- (誚先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、va -線! 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印製 s〇2S23 A7 B7五、發明説明(3 ) 用到能量(熱)。容器的製造成本極爲重要,因爲有競爭 壓力,且緊密控制。 強化頸部修飾的變通方法是,使其選定部結晶,諸如 頂部密封表面和突緣。這又需要另一加熱步驟。又一變通 是在頸部修飾的一層或多層中使用高Tg材料。此亦渉及更 錯綜複雜的射出成型程序和裝置。 因此,需要提供一種射出成型物體,諸如雛型,添加 某些高效材能,並提供商業上可用的製法。 發明槪述 本發明係針對雛型等多層射出成型塑膠物體之製造方 法和裝置,並吾|友直效.性」.又飽逵軌复體諸層和/或各 部所用| ________________…一 按照本發明方法/具體例,內套筒是在位於第一模腔 內的第一芯部上成型。內套筒在提高溫度移送到第二模腔 ,於內套筒上成型外層之前只能部份冷却。在第二模腔以 提高溫度提供內套筒,於第二成型步驟當中,可在內套筒 和外層之間粘結,在最後成型物體內避免分層。內套筒可 包括全長內套筒,實質上延伸於物體全長,或另外可僅包 括物體的上部,在此情況下,外層包括物體的下部,有些 中間部當中,外層粘結於內套筒。 在一具體例中,使用第一種熱塑性材料製作內套筒, 包括雛型的頸部修飾。第一熱塑性材料以具有較高Tg的耐 熱材料爲佳,和/或在第一成型步驟中形成結晶化頸部修 飾。相對地,雛型的本體下部是由第二種熱塑性材料製成 〜3〜 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) ΑΊ規格(2I0X297公釐) I--.---,--1—装------^-111-----線- ί - *~ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再坻寫本頁) 經濟部中央梂準局肩工消費合作社印袈 A7 _____B7_五、發明説明(4 ) ,耐熱性和/或結晶率較第一種材料爲低,並形成雛型的 實質上非晶形本體形成部。在一實施例中,利用第一成型 步驟達成頸部修飾,使初步和修飾尺寸相同,即可消除前 案後成型結晶步驟造成的尺寸變化(及其費用)。又,利 用成型法的較高熔體溫度和/或提高壓力,可在修飾中達 成較高的平均結晶化水準。 在另一具體例中,具有全長本體套筒是由高效能熱塑 性樹脂製成,諸如PEN均聚物、共聚物或摻合物。PEN內 套筒具有增進熱安定性並減少香味吸收性,二者均可用於 重塡應用。PEN用量利用此法減到最少,可製成與(由一 種或多種低效能樹脂所製成)較厚外層相較,爲極薄的內 套筒層。 本發明另一要旨是,該雛型的成本有效性製造裝置。 裝置包含至少一組第一和第二模腔,第一模腔適於形成內 套筒,而第二模腔適於形成外層。傳送機制包含至少一組 第一和第二芯部,其中芯部可接續定位於第一和第二模腔 。在一循環中,第一芯部係位於第一模腔內,而第一內套 筒是在第一芯部上成型,又帶有預先成型的第二內套筒之 第二芯部,是位於第二模腔內,以便在第二內套筒外成型 第二外層。同時成型二組模腔時,可提供有效率製法。在 不同模腔內分別成型物體的不同部份/層,可用不同溫度 和/或壓力,獲得不同成型條件,因此在不同部/層有不 同性能。例如,可在第一模腔內成型交聯的頸部修飾,而 在第二模腔內成型實質上非晶性外層。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梂準(CNS ) A4说格(210X297公釐) I I - ί —%訂 H I 線 ί (誚先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 五、發明説明(5 ) 所得射出成 前案製法得不到 以下數字提 圍,詳列如下: ⑻PEN聚合物材料內套筒和PET聚合物材料外層 型物體和/或發泡射出成型物體,可具有 的層結構。 供某些較佳具體例的溫度/時間/壓力範 第 一 成 型 步 驟 範圍(程度) 十卜 心 部 溫 度 5- 80 °C 模 腔 溫 度 40-120 °C 熔 體 溫 度 275-310 °C 循 環 時 間 4-8秒 套 筒 的 外 表面溫度 60-120 °C 第 一 成 型 步 驟 十和 心 部 溫 度 5- 80 °C 模 腔 溫 度 5- 60 °C 循 環 時 間 20-50 秒 m 力 8000-15000 (b)結晶化聚酯材料之內套筒和PET聚合物材料外層 •—装------訂------線 I / - ^ (誚先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央梯準局貝工消費合作社印製 第一成型步驟 芯部溫度 模腔溫度 熔體溫度 循環時間 套筒的外表面溫度 第二成型步驟
範圍(程度) 5- 60 °C 80-150 °C 270-31 (KC 5_8秒 80-140 *C 5 本紙張尺度通用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(2丨0X297公釐) 經濟部中央橾準局貝工消费合作社印聚 3 ❶ 23.:3 A7 ~~~-------- B7 五、發明説明(6 ) 芯部溫度 模腔溫度 循環時間 壓力 本發明可進一步參見附圖詳述如下 圖式簡單說明 圖1A-1D說明本發明第一方法具犟例,製造具有全長 內套筒和單一外層之雛型; 圖2 A-2B說明圖id所示雛型的射出成型裝置和操作 順序,其中轉台在二組模腔之間傳送二組芯部;圖2A表 示模腔/芯部在關閉位置,而圖2B表示模腔/芯部在開 啓位置; 圖3爲表示圖2成型裝置操作順序的時間綫; 圖4A爲圖1D雛型所製回收性和重塡性容器之部份 斷面的前視立面圖,而圖4B爲圖4A沿4B-4B綫之容器 側壁部份放大斷面圖; 圖5 A-5D表示本發明方法第二具體例,製造具有唯修 飾套筒和多層外層之雛型; 圖6A-6D表示圖5D所示雛型的射出成型裝置和操作 順序,其中轉送機制爲往復梭;圖6A表示梭在第一和第 二模腔內的第一關閉位置;圖6B表示梭在從第一和第二 模腔抽出後的第二開啓位置;圖6C表示梭在第二和第三 模腔下方的第二開啓位置;而圖6D表示梭在第二和第三 模腔內的第四關閉位置; -^· 6 〜 5 - 60 °C 5- 60 °C 20-35 秒 8000-15000 psi (請先閱讀背面之注f項再填寫本育) .装· —訂 碌 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Λ4说格(210X297公釐) 經濟部中央梯準局貝工消費合作社印装 A7 B7__五、發明説明(7) 圖7爲圖6所示操作順序的時間綫; 圖8A爲本發明第三雛型具體例之斷面圖,具有全厚 頸部套筒和多層本體部,而圖8B爲圖8A雛型頸部修飾 的部份放大圖; 圖9A爲圖8A雛型所製熱塡容器的前視立面圖,而 圖9B爲圖9A沿9B-9B綫之容器側壁部份斷面圖; 圖丨0爲本發明第四雛型具體例之斷面圖,具有全長本 體套筒和多層外層; 圖11爲本發明第五雛型具體例之斷面圖,具有全長本 體套筒和額外基部外層; 圖〗2爲本發明第六雛型具體例之斷面圖,具有修飾套 筒和單一外層; 圖13 A和圖13 B爲各種PEN / PET組成物的融點( MP )和定向溫度(Tg)變化曲綫圖; 圖〗4表示三站再熱裝置,包含IR加熱站A,C和RF 加熱站B。 詳細說明 第一雛型具體例(重塡水) 圖1A-1D簡示本發明方法一具體例,製造具有全長本 體套筒和單一外層的雛型;此雛型特別可用來製作回收性 和重塡性水瓶。圖1A表示第一芯部9,位於第一模腔11 內,在其間形成室,其內形成射出成型內套筒20。雛型20 經部份冷却,再從第一模腔取出帶套筒20的芯部9,如圖 1B所示。芯部9上的套筒20趁仍溫熱,插入第二模腔12 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (誚先閱讀背面之注意事項再填穹本頁) -一1* 經濟部中央梯準局貝工消费合作社印装 A7 _____B7 五、發明説明(8 ) 內,此形成內部成型室,在內套筒20上形成外層22。在第 _______-——— '丨丨_ 二成型步驟後,形成雛型30,含有外層22和內套筒20,如 圖1D所示。內套筒包含頂突緣21,形成所得容器的頂部 密封表面(見圖4 )。 茲就圖2A- 2B所示裝置以及圖3時間綫所示操作順序 ,詳述第一方法具體例。 如圖2A-2B所示,四面轉台2介置於射出成型機上固 體板3和活動板4之間。轉台2安裝在車架5上,車架5 可在板運動方向滑動(如箭頭及1和六2所示)。轉台2可 繞垂直於板運動方向設置的軸綫6轉動(如箭頭众3所示) 。轉台可在相隔180°的二操作位置間轉動。在各位置中, 轉台帶有第一和第二組芯部9,10之二對立面7,8,即 分別容納在活動板4上第一組模腔Π和固定板3上第二組 模腔12內。俟芯部組成功定位於各模腔內後,完成的雛型 即可從芯部射出。各模腔和芯部組包含水通道15,可供加 熱或冷却模腔/芯部,以便在成型當中達成所需溫度。 茲說明形成特定雛型的操作順序。雛型具有PEN聚合 物的全長本體套筒,諸如PEN均聚物、PEN / PET共聚物 或摻合物。雛型具有原生PET製單一外層。 在圖2A中,帶第一組模腔11的活動板4,和帶轉台 2的車架5,各在導棒(繫桿)13,14上朝固體板3向左 運動,以關閉模具(即二模腔)。轉台左面7上的第一組 芯部9,位於第一模腔組(第一成型站)內;各第一芯 部/模腔組形成封閉室,在第一芯部周圍成型內套筒。 〜8〜 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2丨0 X 297公釐) (諳先閱讀背面之注意事項再填跨本頁) 訂 經濟部中央榡準局員工消費合作社印製 3 此 323 a? ____B7_ 五、發明説明(9 ) PEN聚合物經噴嘴I6射入第一模腔內,形成內套筒。同時 ,第二芯部組10 (在轉台的第二面8上)位於#二模 12 (第二成型站)內。原生PET經噴嘴17射入第二組模腔 內,在各第二芯部上預先形成的內套筒周圍形成單一外層。 其次如圖2B所示,將活動板4和車架5向左移動, 因而第一芯部9從屬一模腔1^取出,第二芯部10從第二模 _______ 腔12取出,而開模。如今,第二芯部铒上完成的雛型30即 可射出。完成的雛型30可射入一組自動冷却管(圖上未示 )內,爲技術上所公知。其次,轉台2轉動180°,於是第 —組芯部9連同上面的內套筒20即在轉台的右側(備妥插 入第二組模腔內),而第二組(空)芯部1〇如今在轉台的 左側(備妥插入第一組模腔內)。模又關閉如圖2A所示 ,一如前述進行聚合物材料射入第一和第二組模腔內。 在此具體例內,第一和第二芯部保持溫度在60 — 70 °C 的範圍,不論是位於第一模腔或第二模腔內。第一模腔( 形成內套筒用)保持在85 — 95 °C的溫度。PEN聚合物的熔 點在285 — 295 t左右。第一模腔內的循環時間6 — 7秒 ,即第一和第二次射出之間經過的時間。蓋因如圖3所示 ,在第一模腔內實質上取消停留和冷却階段。第二次射出 開始時的套筒外表面(結合芯部的內表面相反面)溫度爲 100 - no °c ° 在第二成型步驟中,芯部溫度又在60 — 70 °C,但第二 模腔溫度爲5 — KTC (遠較第一模腔溫度爲低,可使雛型 快速冷却)。原生PET的熔點在260 — 275 °C左右;較 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梯準(CNS ) A4规格(210X297公釐) (讀先閱讀背面之注意事項再填离本頁) 、-° 線丨. 經濟部中央樣準局員工消费合作社印製 A7 B7 ____ ..1 - - -... · · ’ 一.... — 五、發明説明(ίο ) PEN聚合物的熔點爲低,但因PEN聚合物在第二成型步驟 仍溫熱(溫度100 — 11〇 ),分別在PEN聚合物鏈和原 生PET聚合物鏈(內套筒和外層)間,會發生熔粘(包含 擴散粘結和鏈虬結)。第二成型步驟的循環時間在35至37 秒之譜。 圖3爲時間綫,X軸爲循環時間(以秒計),X軸上 方所示爲第二模腔組的步驟順序,而X軸下方所示爲第一 模腔組的步驟順序。t = 0時,模關閉(見圖2A ) ’積 壓。t = l.5秒時,第二模腔(形成外層用)充塡,加壓 ,再在停留和冷却階段減壓;在第二模腔內繼續到t = 33 秒。同時,在第一模腔內t = 1.5秒時不需動作(無動作 期間),直到t = 31秒,第一模腔充滿,壓力提高並保持 到t = 33秒。此實質上消除停留和冷却階段(在第一模腔 內),製成內套筒,在後來位於第二模腔內時,仍然在高 溫,使內套筒外表面和外層之間會熔粘。t = 33秒時,模 開啓(見圖2B ),雛型從第二模腔射出。然後,在t = 35秒時,轉動轉台2,使仍然溫熱的套筒(剛在第一模腔 內製成)定位在要插入第二模腔內之位置,而如今已空的 芯部組(原先在第二模腔內)如今位置於可插入第一模腔 。t = 36秒時,已備妥開始次一循環。 圖2的方法和裝置宜用來製造多層雛型,以供各種用 途,包含重塡、熱塡和殺菌性容器。許多變通具體例說明 如下。 按照圖1 — 3方法和裝置製成的雛型,包含PEN聚合 10 本紙張尺度適用中關家揉準(CNS )八视格—(210X297公id ) ~ ~ ~ I .--------1T----^---線Ί (#先閲讀背面之注意事項再填k本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(11 ) 物的全本體內套筒20,和原生PET的單一外層22。雛型實 質上透明且非晶性,可以再熱和延伸吹氣成型,形成1.5 公升回收性和重塡性水瓶,諸如圖4A所示。容器40高約 I3.2吋(335 »m),最寬直徑約3.6吋(92聽)。容器本 體有開口頂端,其小徑修飾42設陽螺紋以容納螺蓋(圖上 未示),並有關閉底端或基部48。頸部修飾42和基部48間 是實質上垂直設置的側壁45 (由瓶的垂直軸綫或中心綫CL 所形成),包含實質上圓筒形胴部46,和直徑從胴部45斜 縮至頸部修飾42的肩部44。基部48爲香檳式基部,有中心 澆口部51,以及徑向朝側壁向外移動,有朝外凹曲的拱部 52,朝內凹曲的凸邊54,以及徑向遞增且弧曲的外基部56 ,以供順利過渡至側壁胴部46。凸邊54爲瓶置放豎立環周 圍的實質上環形面積。 圖4B表示多層胴部46的截面,包含內套筒層41 (雛 型套筒20之擴大式)和外層43 (雛型外層22之擴大式)。 本發明之一優點是,層41和43粘結,在再熱延伸吹氣成型 或容器使用中不會分離,在此情況下,包含所欲20次或以 上的重塡循環。此外,突緣们(和雛型的突緣21相同)形 成容器的頂部密封表面,以提高強度和耐熱性。 第二雛型具體例(殺菌性啤酒) 圖5A_5D簡略表示第二方法具體例,製作唯修飾套筒 和多數外層雛型;此雛型適於製作殺菌性啤酒容器。圖5A 表示芯部207位於第一模腔213內;一同形成第一成型室 內,在其中射出成型唯修飾套筒25 0。圖5A表示模腔 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2I0X297公釐) (諳先閱讀背面之注意事項再填客本頁} -6 經濟部中央標準局負工消费合作社印製 A7 ___ B7 五、發明説明(12 ) 213內的射出唷嘴211 ,熔化熱塑性材料經此射出,形成 套筒250。圖5B表示在芯部207上形成的套筒250,套 筒趁溫熱從第一模腔213除去。帶套筒250的芯部207即 位於第二模腔214內,一如圖5C所示。第二模腔21 4和 芯部207形成第二成型室,適於在內套筒250上形成外層 252。複數的不同熱塑性材料,經第二模腔214底部的澆 口 209射出,形成多數外層。如圖5 D所示,外層252延 伸於雛型全長。諸如Krishnakumar等人的美國專利4609516 號所述依序射出法,可用來形成原生PET的內、外層25 3 ,2 54,再生PET的芯層255 (可包含驅氧材料),以及 內/芯/外層間阻氧材料之內、外中間層256 ,257。在 此具體例中,只有原生PET延伸到雛型的頸部修飾內,在 內套筒25 0外形成單層25 8。在雛型基部,原生PET的最 後射出形成管塞259,在次一射出循環之前可清理噴嘴。 圖6A-6D表示往復梭裝置,代替圖2A-2D的轉台,包 括第二裝置具體例。此第二裝置可參見圖5雛型之形成說 明。圖7表示操作順序之時間綫。 裝置(見圖6A-6D)包含第一和第二平行導棒202, 2〇3,上面安裝的板20 5可按箭頭六4方向移動。板20 5帶 動平台或梭206,可在橫向運動越過板205,如箭頭A5所 示。在導摔一端的固定板212保有三組射出模腔21 3,214, 215,分別由噴嘴218,219,220供應。左(第一)、右( 第三)組模腔213 ,215,用來形成雛型的頸部,而中間 (第二)組模腔214,用來成型本體形成部。 】2 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梯準(CNS ) A4現格(2丨0 X 297公釐) ----^--------—R-------訂-------r 娘.1 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 3〇2S23 αί B7 五、發明説明(〗3 ) 圖5A表示任意指定的第一步驟,其中第一組芯部 207位於左組模腔213內,形成第一組雛型頸部(套筒) 。同時,第二組芯部208位於中間組模腔214內,以成型 一組多層本體形成部(在第二組預先成型的頸部上)。圖 5B表示從模腔組取出後的芯部組,頸部套筒250在芯部 組207的各芯部,而雛型260在芯部組208的各芯部上。 完成的雛型260則從芯部組208排出。 在第二步驟(圖6C )中,梭206移至右方,使第一 組芯部207連同頸部套筒250如今位於中間模腔214下方 ,而第二組芯部208連同如今已空的芯部216則位於右組 模腔215下方。活動板2 05即向固定板212移動,使第一 組芯部207位於中間組模腔214,而第二組芯部208在右 組模腔215內(圖6D )。又在中間組模腔214內預先形 成的頸部套筒上形成本體形成部,而頸部套筒是在右組模 腔215內的芯部組208中各芯部上成型。活動板205再退 縮而從模腔組取出芯部組,排出第一組芯部207上的完成 雛型,而梭2 06回到左邊,供成型次一組諸層。 圖7爲圖6所示操作的時間綫,X軸爲時間,以秒計 ,X軸上方所示爲第二模腔214內的步驟順序,X軸下方 所示爲第一模腔21 3內的步驟順序。首先,t = 0時,關 模(圖6A ),積壓。再於t = 1.5秒時,充塡第二模腔 214 (形成外層).,加壓,保持壓力,同時雛型冷却,直 至t = 21秒。在t = 1.5秒時,第一模腔內不需動作;在 t = 20秒時,第一模腔213充塡PEN聚合物,加歷並保持 13 ·~ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梯準(CNS )以規路(210X297公釐) 'u訂 ^ 7 旅 I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(Μ ) ,直到t =21秒(藉延遲充塡階段,直到接近第二組模腔 的保持和冷却階段終了,在第一組模腔內實質上消除保持 和冷却階段)。t = 21秒時,開模,雛型260從第二模腔 排出。t = 23秒時,梭206連同趁溫熱的頸部套筒’傳送 至圖6C所示梭第二位置,而在t=1 2 34秒時,關模,如圖 6 D所示。 在此特殊具體例中,第一和第二組芯部207 , 208於 第一和第二成型階段,保持溫度在60 — 7〇°C左右。第一模 腔(供形成頸部修飾套筒)在75 — 85 °C。PEN聚合物的熔 點在275 — 285 °C左右。第一模腔內的循環時間爲5 — 6 秒;此爲第一和第二射出步驟間經過的時間。套筒在第二 射出時的表面溫度在100 -110 °C左右。 在第二成型步驟中,芯部溫度爲60 — 70。(:,而第二模 腔溫度爲5 — 10 °C。第二模腔內的循環時間爲23 — 25秒。 套筒外表面提高的溫度,在第二成型步驟時,造成套筒的 PEN聚合物和隣接套筒250的外層部258原生PET間熔粘 (包含擴散粘結和鏈虬結)。 第三雛型具體例(熱塡) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填k本頁) 、-° 1 又一雛型/容器具體例如圖8 — 9所示。圖8A-8B表 示多層雛型330,而圖9A-9B表示圖8雛型所製熱塡飮料 瓶340。在此具體例中,第一成型套筒形成頸部修飾的全 厚,而在下端結合於第二成型本體形成部。 2 圖8A表示實質上圓筒形雛型330 (由垂直中心綫 3 32限定),包含上頸部或修飾套筒340,粘結於下本體 經濟部中央梯準局貝工消費合作社印裝 A7 B7五、發明説明(l5 ) 形成部350。結晶化頸部爲單層CPET ,包含上密封表面 341 ,形成雛型的開口頂端342,以及外表面,具有螺紋 343和最下方突緣344。美國田納西州國王港的伊士曼化 學公司產銷的CPET爲聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯聚合物,有成 核劑,造成聚合物在射出成型製程中結晶。頸部修飾340 下方爲本體形成部350,包含撐開的肩部形成段351 ,從 頂到底(徑向朝內)遞增壁厚;圓筒形胴部形成段352, 具有實質上均勻壁厚;以及基部形成段353。本體形成段 350實質上爲非晶性,由下列三層依次製成:原生PET的 外層354 ;後消費PET的芯層356 ;和原生PET的內層 358。原生PET爲低共聚物,共聚單體(例如環己烷二甲 醇(CHDM )或異酞酸(IPA ))爲共聚物總重量的3 % 。最後一批原生PET (清理噴嘴)在基部形成芯層3δ9 ° 此項特定雛型設計來製造熱塡飮料容器。在此具體例 中,雛型高度約96.3*™,胴部形成段352的外徑約26.7咖 。胴部形成段352的總壁厚度約,而各層的厚度爲: 外層3 54約1»»,芯層356約,而內層358約1«®。 胴部形成段352可以平均平面延伸比約10 : 1延伸,詳後 。平面延伸比是雛型胴部形成段3 52的平均厚度對容器胴 部383平均厚度之比,其中「平均J是沿各雛型或容器部 的長度取得,以容量約0.5至2.0公升而胴部壁厚約0.35 至0.60毫米的熱塡飮料瓶而言,較佳平面延伸比約9至12 ,而以約10至11更佳。圈環延伸最好約3·3至3·8 ,而軸 向延伸約2.8至3. 2。此擧製成所需抗濫用性的容器胴部 〜15〜 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4現格(2丨0X297公釐) -------'---ΓΤ------訂----^---^旅- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填"本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 _______ B7 五、發明説明(丨6 ) ,以及所需視覺透明性的雛型側壁。特定胴部厚度和選定 延伸比,視瓶的尺寸、內歷、和加工特性(例如所用特定 材料的固有粘度)。 爲增進頸部的結晶度,在第一成型站使用高溫射出成 型。在此具體例中,熔點約280至290。(:的CPET是在約 11 0 — 1 20 Ό的模腔溫度和約5至15 °C的芯部溫度射出成 型,循環時間約6至7秒。帶有趁熱頸部(外表面溫度約 115— 120 °C )的第一組芯部,再傳送至第二站,於此射 出複數第二種聚合物,形成多層本體形成部,在頸部和本 體形成部間發生熔粘,芯部和/或模腔組在第二站冷却( 例如5至15 °C芯部/模腔溫度),以便將雛型凝固,得以 可接受的後模收縮水準,從模取出(循環時間約23至25秒 )。芯部和模腔在第一和第二站均含有水冷/加熱通道, 按需要調溫。 所稱內套筒與外層間的「熔粘」,指包含各種粘結, 在第二成型步驟中因增溫(內套筒外表面)和壓力(例如 典型射出成型在8000-15000 psi程度)而發生,可包含擴 散、化學鏈虬結、氫鍵等。一般而言,擴散和/或鏈虬結 的存在,會形成粘結以防雛型內和容器內在室溫(25 X:) 裝水時,從18吋高度落到厚鋼板上導致諸層脫層。 圖8B爲雛型3 30的頸部修飾340放大圖。單層CPET 頸部修飾在下端形成突部34δ,後來在第二成型站,利用 原生PET熔體,由內外層354,358包圍(連鎖)。本體 的CPET頸部修飾和最外層原生PET,是在中間區(頸部 〜16〜 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2丨0X297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填_寫本頁) -一° 媒! 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7五、發明説明(Γ7 ) 修飾套筒的下端與本體形成區的上端之間)熔粘在一起。 圖9A表示一體放大的塑膠雛型容器370,由圖8雛 型製成。容器高度約182.0 (最寬)直徑約71.4«!。此 16盎斯容器旨在用做熱塡非碳酸氣果汁容器。容器具有開 口頂端,有同樣結晶化頸部修飾340 ,做爲雛型,陽螺紋 343可供容納螺蓋(圖上未示)。頸部修飾34〇下方爲實 質上非晶性和透明的擴大本體部380。本體包含實質上垂 直設置的側壁381 (由瓶的直立中心綫372限定)和基部 386。側壁包含上擴張肩部382,直徑遞增至實質上圓筒 形胴部383。胴部383具有複數直立長形對稱設置的眞空 胴部385。眞空胴部向內移動,減輕產品在密封容器內冷 却時形成的眞空,因此防止容器永久性的失控變形。基部 386爲香檳型基部,有凹陷的中央澆口部387 ,而徑向朝 外向側壁移動,有朝外凹曲拱部388,朝內凹曲凸邊389 ,以及徑向遞增的弧形外基部390 ,以求順利過渡至側壁 381 。 圖9B表示多層胴部383的斷面,包含外層392、芯 層394、內層396,相當於雛型的外層354、芯層356和 內層358。(原生PET共聚物)容器內、外層392,396 各約0.1贿厚,而(後消費PET )芯層394約0.2棚厚。 與胴部384相比,肩部382和基部386延伸較少,所以較 厚,且導向較低。 第四雛型具體例 第四雛型具體例如圖丨〇所示。多層雛型130是由圖1 ---------.— 裝------訂 I.------i (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填霄本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(〗8 ) 一 2方法和裝置製成,適於再熱延伸吹氣成型爲類似圖4 的重塡性碳酸氣飮料瓶,但具有加厚基部面積,包含凸邊 ’以提高碱和壓力引起的應力龜裂。 在圖10內所示雛型130 ,包含PEN內套筒層120 ,以 及三層三層,包括最外面(外)原生PET層1 23,第一中 間(內)PC _ PET層124,和第二中間(內)原生PET層 125。內套筒層120爲連續性,具有本體部121 ,延伸於 雛型全長,並貫穿基部,套筒層又含有上突緣122,形成 雛型的頂部密封表面。外層同樣延伸全長,並貫穿雛型底 部。 雛型130包含上頸部修飾132 ;擴張的肩部形成段 134,厚度從頂到底遞增;胴部形成段136,具有均勻壁 厚;以及加厚的基部形成段138。基部段138包含圓筒形 加厚上部133 (厚度較胴部段136爲大),在容器基部形 成加厚凸邊,以及減薄的斜縮下部135,在容器基部形成 凹陷拱部。最後一批原生PET (清理噴嘴),在基部形成 芯層139。具有重塡應用上較佳斷面的雛型,載於 Krishnakumar等人1991年11月19日核准的美國專利5066528 號,該案全部於此列入參玫。 此特定雛型設計來製造重塡性碳酸氣飮料容器。使用 PEN均聚物、共聚物、或摻合物的內套套筒120,可減少 香味吸收,並提高熱安定性,以提高洗溫。PEN內套筒可 按圖1方法製成較薄。PC - PET 124內層124可製成較厚 ,以降低容器成本,而不重大影响效能。在此實施例內, 〜18〜 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4洗格(210X297公釐) i^i^n ^ms - ί - tn^i 0HH 1—·^— 〉i f (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 'V5 A7 B7 五、發明説明(19 ) 雛型高度約7.130吋(181.1 »»)’胴部形成段136的外 徑約1.260吋(32.0咖)。在胴部形成段136,總壁厚約 0.23 0吋(5.84咖),諸層厚度爲:內層120約0.040吋 (1.0»»),外層123約0.040吋(1 .0咖),第一中間 層124約0.130吋(3.30咖)’第二中間層125約0.020 吋(0.5麵)。胴部形成段136以平均平面延伸比約10.5 :1延伸,詳後。平面延伸比爲雛型胴部形成段136平均 厚度對容器胴部平均厚度(見例如圖4內的側壁46 )之比 ,其中「平均」是沿各雛型或容器部的長度取得。對容量 約0.5至2.0公升而胴部壁厚約0.5至0.8毫米的重塡性 碳酸氣飮料瓶而言,較佳平面延伸比約7.5 一 10 ·5,以約 9.0 — 10.5更好。圈環延伸以約3.2 — 3.5爲佳,軸向延 伸約2.3 — 2.9。此製成具有所需的抗濫用性之容器胴部 ,和具有所需視覺透明性的雛型側壁。特定胴部厚度和選 定延伸比,視瓶尺寸、內壓(例如對啤酒爲2大氣壓,軟 性飮料爲4大氣壓),和加工特性(例如由所用特殊材料 的固有粘度測得)而定。 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填象本頁) 線-! 爲提供PEN套筒薄層(例如0.5至1.0»»),適當的 模腔溫度在100至110 °C左右,芯部溫度約5 — 15 °C, PET熔點約285 - 293 °C,循環時間約6至7秒。第一組 芯部和溫熱內層立刻傳送到第二站,在此射出外層,在內 、外層(例如約90 — 1〇〇 ·(:的PEN套筒內層外表面,和約 260 - 275 *C的最內PET層)間,即發生粘結。第一組芯 部和/或第二組模腔在第二站冷却(例如約5至15 °C),
|Q 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS )六4規格(210X25»7公釐) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2〇 ) 以便將雛型凝固,並可從模取出。芯部和模腔在第一和第 二站包含水冷/加熱通道,按所需調節溫度。 在此具體例中,套筒內層120是由高PEN共聚物製成 ,具有90 % PEN / 10 % PET,以層的總重量計,而容器胴 部厚度約0.004吋(0.10咖)。最外層123爲原生PET低 共聚物,有3%共聚單體(例如CHDM或IPA ),而容器 胴部厚約0.004吋(0.10賴)。第一中間層124爲PC — PET,容器胴部厚約0.012吋(0.30®« )。第二中間層 125與最外層123同爲原生PET低共聚物,而容器胴部厚 約0.002吋(0.〇5«m)。容器肩部和基部(見圖4A內44 和48 )較胴部(見圖4 A內46 )延伸爲少,所以較厚,而 定向較低。 第五雛型具體例 圖11表示另一雛型具體例,以製造重塡性碳酸氣飮料 容器。此雛型只在基部有另一最外層,以提高碱應力龜裂 抵抗性,又可最大量使用後消耗PET,以降低成本。雛型 160包含上頸部修飾162、肩部形成段164、胴部形成段 166、和基部形成段168。內層170具有本體部171 ,連 續貫穿雛型的長度(包含底部)’並含有上突緣172,形 成頂部密封表面。內層爲原生PET。PC-PET外層173延 伸貫穿雛型長度,在頸部修飾和胴部形成段形成單一外層 。在基部形成段具有高F原生PET的另一外層1 74,以增 進吹氣容器的碱應力龜裂抵抗性,高汉原生PET的內部薄 層175,亦可按照前述依序射出法形成。最後一批175的 〜20 ^ 本紙張尺度適用不國國家標準(CNS ) A4说格TilOx 297公釐] "^ ^ ---.--— ί.--------訂----_---ΊΜ . (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填k本頁) 經濟部中央橾準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(21 ) 高F原生PET,用來從噴嘴段清出PC - PET 。基部外層 174以高F原生PET (均聚物或共聚物)爲佳,其固有粘 度至少約0.76,而以0.76至0.84爲佳。所得容器爲有脚或 香檳型基部的容器。 第六雛型具體例 圖12表示另一雛型具體例,包含高溫頸部修飾套筒 190,以及形成熱塡容器用單一外層194。雛型180包含 頸部修飾182、肩部形成段184、胴部形成段186、和基 部形成段188。內套筒190包含頸部修飾部191 ’實質上 沿容器的螺紋頸部修飾上部182長度延伸,以及上突緣 1 92,形成頂部密封表面。內套筒是諸如PEN均聚物、共 聚物或摻合物等耐熱性(高Tg)材料形成。另外,套筒可 由CPET形成,是美國田納西州伊士曼化學公司產銷的聚 對苯二甲酸乙二酯聚合物,加成核劑造成聚合物在射出成 型製程中結晶。 外層194由原生PET製成。此雛型旨在製造熱塡容器 ,其中內套筒190在頸部修飾具有額外熱安定性。 在又一變通具體例中,可用原生PET、PC - PET和原 生PET的三層外層。 變通構造和材料 有許多雛型和容器構造,以及許多不同的射出成型性 材料,可適用於特定食品和/或包裝、充塡和製法。其他 代表例如下。 本發明內可用的熱塑性聚合物,包含聚酯、聚醯胺和 ^ 21 - _ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4坑格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填k本頁) 、-° 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 _____B7__ 五、發明説明(22 ) 聚碳酸酯。適當聚酯包含聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET )、 聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT )、聚對苯二甲酸丙二酯( PPT )、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(pen )之均聚物、共聚物或 摻合物,以及環己烷二甲醇/ PET共聚物,稱爲PETG ( 美國田納西州國王港伊士曼化學公司製品)。適當聚醯胺 (PA )包含 PA 6,PA 6.6,PA 6.4,PA 6.10,PA 11,PA 12 等,其他有用的熱塑性聚合物包含丙烯酸醯亞胺、非晶性 尼龍、聚丙烯膪(PAN )、聚苯乙烯、結晶性尼龍(MXD -6 )、聚乙烯(PE )、聚丙烯(PP ),以及聚氯乙烯( PVC ) 〇 基於對苯二甲酸和異苯二甲酸之聚酯,市售方便可得 。羥基化合物爲典型上乙二醇和1,4 一二(羥甲基)環己 烷。苯二甲酸聚酯的固有粘度典型上在0.6至1.2範圍, 尤指0.7至1.0 (對0 —氣酚溶劑而言),0.6相當於平 均分子量59000的粘度,而1.2相當於平均分子量112,000 的粘度。一般而言,苯二甲酸聚酯可含聚合物鏈、側鏈、 以及與前述簡單苯二甲酸聚酯的正式母質不相關的末端基 。宜至少90莫耳%爲對苯二甲酸,和至少90莫耳%爲脂肪 族二醇類,尤指乙二醇。 後消費的PET (PC-PET)係再生PET,由PET塑膠容 器和其他由消費者回收以供循環操作的再生物製成,已由 FDA批准用於某些食品容器。PC-PET已知具有某程度的 I.V.(固有粘度)、含水份和汚染物。例如,典型的PC-PET (有最大半吋的片狀尺寸)平均I.V.約0·66 dl/g,相 〜22〜 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梯準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) ------I._丨—弋'------τ——^——ά , (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填k本頁) 〇〇 B7 A7 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(23 ) 對濕度在0.25 %以下,以及下列程度的汚染物·_ PVC : < 100 ppm IS : < 5 0 ppm 烯烴聚合物(HDPE , LDPE,PP ) : < 500 ppm 紙和標籤:< 250 ppm 着色 PET : < 2000 ppm 其他汚染物:< 500 ppm PC-PET可單獨使用,或用於一層或多層,以降低成本或 其他益處。 亦可用做基質聚合物或耐熱性和/或高度阻氧層的是 ,物理性能與PET類似的包裝材料,即聚萘二甲酸乙二_ (PEN )。PEN在阻碍性能和增進耐熱性方面有3 — 5倍 的改進。聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(PEN )是由2,6 —萘二羧酯 (NDC )與乙二醇反應製成的聚酯。PEN聚合物包括2,6 —萘二甲酸乙二酯的反應單元。PEN樹脂固有粘度爲0.67 dl/g,分子量約20,000,美國伊利諾州芝加哥市的Amoco 化學公司有售。PEN的玻璃化溫度Tg約1 23 °C,而熔點Tm 約 267。<:。 阻氧層包含乙烯/乙烯醇(EVOH )、PEN、聚乙烯 醇(PVOH )、聚氯乙烯(PVDC )、尼龍6、結晶性尼龍( MXD- 6 )、LCP (液晶聚合物)、非晶性尼龍、聚丙烯膪 (PAN )以及苯乙烯丙烯腈(SAN )。 固有粘度(I .V.)影响樹脂的加工性。固有粘度約 0.8的聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯廣用於碳酸氣軟性飮料(CSD) 〜23〜 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梯準(CNS )人4说格(2丨〇><297公釐) γ (請先閎讀背面之注意事項再填"·本頁) 、-=6 B7 五、發明説明(24 ) 業。各種用途的聚醒樹脂可在約〇·55至約1.04範圍,尤其 是約0.65至0.85 dl/g。聚酯樹脂的固有粘度測量是按照 ASTM D-2857 程序,採用 0.0050 ± 0.0002 g/ml的聚合物在 分別爲30 °C包括隣氯酚(熔點〇 °C )的溶劑內。固有粘度 (I.V.)由下式求出: j y _ 1 n ( Vsoln / V sol ).
C 其中,Vs〇in爲溶液的粘度,任何單位 Vs〇i爲溶劑的粘度,同樣單位 C爲濃度,即每丨〇〇毫升溶液內的聚合物克數 吹氣容器本體應實質上透明。透明性之一項量度是, 壁透射光的渾濁百分比(HT ),由下式求出:
Ht — CYd^iYd+Ys ))χΐ〇〇 其中Yd爲樣品透射的擴散光,而Ys爲樣品透射的鏡面光。 擴散和鏡面光透射値是按照ASTM法D 1003,使用任何標 準色差計,諸如Hunterlab,Inc.製造的D25D3P型測量。容 器本體應有渾濁百分比(通過胴部壁)在約10 %以下,尤 指約5 %以下。 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 容器沿瓶高度從頸部修飾到基部的不同位置,有各種 不同程度的結晶度。結晶度百分比可按ASTM 1505決定如 下: 結晶度 % 〔( ds - da ) / ( dc - da )〕X 100 其中ds =樣品密度,g/cm3 ,da=非晶性膜結晶度0%的 密度,而dc=由單胞參變數算出的晶體密度。容器的胴部 〜24〜 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 __B7 __ 五、發明説明(25 ) 延伸到最大,至少在外層的平均結晶度%至少約15 %,尤 指至少約20 %。對主要PET聚合物而言,15 — 25 %結晶度 範圍可用於重塡和熱塡用途。 利用熱定型提供兼具應變引起和熱引起結晶化,可達 成進一步提高結晶度。熱引起結晶度是在低溫達成,以保 存透明性,例如保持容器與低溫吹氣模接觸。在若干用途 中,單是側壁表面的高水準結晶度即夠。 另一變化具體例的雛型,包含一種或多種氧清除材料 。適用的氧清除材料如Collette等人1994年12月14日申請 美國專利申請案08/355703號「多層雛型和容器用氧清除 組成物」所述,全文於此列入參玫。如其中所述,氧清除 劑可爲金屬催化氧化性有機聚合物,諸如聚醯胺,或抗氧 化劑,諸如亞磷酸塩或酚系。氧清除劑可與PC-PET混合 ,以加速清除劑的活化。氧清除劑宜與其他熱塑性聚合物 組合,提供所需射出成型和延伸吹氣成型特性,以製造實 質上非晶性射出成型雛型,和實質上透明的双軸導向聚酯 容器。氧清除劑可做爲內層,以延遲氧清除劑或其副產品 的移動,並防止清除劑過早活化。 重塡性容器必須滿足若干關鍵效能標準,以達成商業 可行性,包含: 1.高度清哳(透明性)容許綫上目視檢驗; 2在容器使用壽命期間的尺寸安定性;以及 3.碱洗引起龜裂和洩漏的抵抗性。 一般而言,重塡性塑膠瓶必須在至少10次,最好是20次循 〜25〜 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2丨0 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再4·寫本頁) 訂 經濟部中央梂準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 _ 五、發明説明(26 ) 環,維持其功能和美感特性,使經濟上可行。循環一般包 括⑴空瓶熱碱洗,⑵汚染物檢驗(洗前和/或洗後),以 及產品充塡/加蓋,⑶存倉,⑷分發至批發商和零售點’ ⑸消費者購買、使用和空瓶存放,最後回到裝瓶廠。 模擬這種循環的試驗程序如下。在說明書和申請專利 範圍內所述,可耐指定次數重塡循環而無龜裂故障和/或 最大容量變化的能力,可按下述程序決定。 各容器經3.5 %重量氫氧化納和自來水製成的典型商 業用碱洗液,洗液維持在指定的洗溫,例如60 °C °瓶脫蓋 浸入洗液15分鐘,模擬商業上洗瓶系統的時間/溫度條件 。從洗液取出後,瓶用自來水冲洗,再在4.0 土 0.2大氣 壓(模擬碳酸氣軟性飮料容器內的壓力)充塡汽水,加蓋 ,於50 %相對濕度的38 °C對流爐內置放24小時。選用此提 高爐溫,模擬較低周遭溫度的較長商業化儲存期間。從爐 取出時,容器放空,再經同樣重塡循環,直至損壞。 損壞的定義是,任何漫延穿過瓶壁的龜裂,造成洩漏 和壓力損失。容量變化是由容器保持室溫時,每次重塡循 環前後的液體容量比較決定之。 重塡性容器宜在60°C洗溫可耐至少20次重塡循環,不 — —-.................... ... . ..... ..... - ....... - ·ι,~_ ^壞’且20次循環後容量改變不寧變1 . 5洛。 在本發明中的頸部修飾,較在模外結晶化的習用製法 ,可達成更高程度的結晶化。因此,雛型頸部修飾的結晶 度水準至少約30%。另一例爲,PET均聚物製的頸部修飾 ,可以至少約35 %的平均結晶度百分比成型,而以至少約 〜26〜 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標隼(CNS ) A4说格(21〇Χ297公釐) I-----^--11------ir--------,1 - (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填??-本頁) Α7 3ύ^323 _____ Β7 五、發明説明(27 ) 4〇%更佳。爲便利雛型頸部和本體形成部間的粘結,可用 螺紋對開模腔,其中模具的螺紋段在60°C以上的溫度,以 75 aC以上爲佳。 另一優點是,可以製造有色的頸部修飾,又能維持透 明的容器本體。 頸部可爲單層或多層,由CPET以外的各種聚合物製 成,諸如芳基聚合物、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(PEN )、聚碳 酸酯、聚丙嫌、聚醯亞胺、聚碾、丙烯腈苯乙烯等。另一 變化例是,頸部可由正規瓶級均聚物或低級共聚物PET ( 即結晶化率低者)製成,但第一成型站的溫度和其他條件 ,可調節至使頸部結晶化。 p—其他優點包含達成較高熱塡溫度(即85 °C以上),因 (爲提高修飾的耐熱性,且提高重塡洗溫(即60 °C以上)。 t提高耐熱性亦特別有用於殺菌性容器。 圖13A-13B以曲綫圖表示PEN由0提高到1 00時,PET / PEN組成物熔體溫度和定向溫度的變化。有三類PET / PEN共聚物或摻合物··⑻高等PEN濃度,佔共聚物或摻合 物80 — 1 〇〇 % PEN和0 — 20 % PET,爲應變硬化性(定向 性)和結晶性材料;(b)中等PEN濃度,在20 — 80 % PEN和 80 — 20 % PET左右,爲非晶性不結晶材料,不會發生應變 硬化,以及(c)低等PEN濃度,在1 — 20 % PEN和80 — 99 % PET程度,爲結晶性和應變硬化性材料。特定PEN /PET 聚合物或摻合物可由圖13A-13B,基於特定用途選擇。 圖Μ表示兼具紅外綫(IR)和無綫電頻率(RF)加熱 27 本紙張尺度適用中國國家#準(CNS ) Α4况格(2Ι0Χ297公釐) ------:--1装 II (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再说寫本頁) —訂 1Ί 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印製 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印裝 A7 B7 五、發明説明(28 ) 系統之特定具體例,以供再熱原已成型和冷却的雛型(即 用於二階段再熱射出模和延伸吹氣法)。此系統旨在具有 實質上不同定向溫度的諸層之雛型再熱用。例如,在第四 雛型具體例中,高等PEN內層120的定向溫度遠較原生 PET低共聚物和PC-PET外層123 -1 25爲高,PET均聚物 的最低定向溫度在260 °F ( 1 27 °C )左右,基於玻璃化溫 度爲255卞(123 °C )。PEN均聚物的較佳定向範圍約 270 -295 °F ( 132 -146 °C )。相對地,PET均聚物的玻璃 化溫度在175 °F ( 80 °C )左右。在PEN均聚物最低導向溫 度時,PET均聚物會開始結晶,不再發生應變硬化(定向 化)所得容器會不透明’且強度不足。 翻到圖14,此組合再熱裝置可用於層間定向溫度實質 上不一致的雛型。雛型130利用夾頭107保持於上頸部修 飾,並以串聯順序沿無端鏈115通過A , B,C站。A站 爲輻射加熱爐,雛型在其內轉動’並通過一系列石英加熱 器。各雛型的加熱主要從外表面,熱傳過壁而至內層。所 得熱或溫度形態是,雛型外表面較內表面爲高。時間和溫 度可以調節,試圖將跨越壁的溫度加以均衡。 在此具體例中,需在較高溫度將內PEN層加熱,因爲 PEN的定向溫度較高。因此,雛型(跨越壁)在A站調至 初期溫度約160卞(71 °C ),再傳送至B站,利用微波或 無綫電頻率加熱。此等高頻介電加熱器具有與石英加熱器 反逆的溫度形態,雛型的內表面加熱到比外表面更高的溫 度。圖14表示雛型130在電極板108和109間移動,後者 〜28〜 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210Χ297公釐) ------------良-------訂—--^---I - (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填k本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貞工消費合作社印褽 A7 __B7____ 五、發明説明(29 ) 分別接至RF發生器110和接地。在B站’內層調至溫度 約 295 °F ( 146 ·(:),而外層至溫度約 200 3F ( 93 °C ) 〇 最後,雛型通到C站,與A站類似。在C站,石英加熱器 把雛型調溫至內層約28〇 3F ( I38 °C )而外層約21〇 °F ( 99 °C )。再熱雛型再送到吹氣模,供延伸吹氣成型。兼含 石英爐再熱和無綫電頻率再熱之聚酯雛型混合再熱的詳細 說明,載於Collette於1988年3月15日發證的美國專利 4731 513號「雛型形成吹氣成型熱塡性容器之再熱方法」 ,於此列入參玫。此外,在PET和PEN層任一或二者內可 具有添加劑,使其更易接受無綫電頻率加熱。 在較佳薄套筒/厚外層具體例中,薄內層套筒的厚度 在0.02至0.06吋(0.5 — 1.5咖)程度,而厚外層的壁厚 爲0.10至0.25吋(2.5〇-0.35咖),內層可佔雛型總重量 的丨0 — 20%。此代表對多層雛型習知單一射出模腔製法的 改進。又,一或以上外層(諸如PC-PET層)的重量可達 最大。 本發明若干具體例已說明如上,惟精於此道之士可知 ,在不悖本發明在申請專利範圍條件下,可進行各種變化 和改變。 〜29 ,〜 本紙張尺度適用中家揉準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填k本頁) _ -β
Claims (1)
- 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範園 1. 一種多層塑膠物體的射出成型方法,包括: 先在位於第一模腔內的芯部上,成型內套筒; 將芯部和套筒傳送至第二模腔,而套筒的外表面仍 然在第一成型步驟的提高溫度,並在第二模腔內,於套筒 上接着成型外層,以形成多層射出成型塑膠物體,其中第 一模腔和芯部的溫度係選擇在內套筒外表面具有提高溫度 ,足以在第二成型步驟中,於內套筒和外層之間達成熔粘 „ 者。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中內套筒和外層 間之熔粘,包含擴散粘結者。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中內套筒和外層 間之熔粘,包含鏈虬結者。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中套筒形成物體 的上套筒部,而外層形成物體之下本體部者。 5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之方法,其中上套筒部的下 端和下本體部的上端,在物體的中間部結合者。 6. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中第一成型步驟 形成內套筒,做爲物體的全長內層和上表面者。 7. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中第一成型步驟 形成內套筒’做爲物體的上長部和物體的上表面者。 8. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中外層包括多層 外層者。 9. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中物體爲雛型者。 10. 如申請專利範圍第9項之方法,其中第一成型步驟 30 〜 本紙张尺度適用中國^家梯準(CNS ) M规格(210X297公釐)~~~' : ---------Γ 装------訂 L---^---Ρ 碌 ' (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填•寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A8 B8 C8 D8 夂、申請專利範圍 形成雛型之頸部修飾者。 11.如申請專利範圍第10項之方法,其中頸部修飾是由 第一成型步驟中結晶之聚合物成型者。 12如申請專利範圍第9項之方法,其中頸部修飾是由 玻璃化溫度較形成外層的第二聚合物材料爲高的第一聚合 物材料成型者。 13.如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中套筒重量在物 體總重量之10至20%程度範圍者。 14_如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中套筒的壁厚在 〇·〇2至〇.〇6吋程度範圍者。 15.如申請專利範圍第14項之方法,其中套筒的壁厚在 〇.〇1至0.25吋程度範圍者。 16·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中內套筒是由具 有第一溶點的第一種材料形成’而外層包含隣接內套筒之 第二層,並由溶點較第一溶點爲低的第二種材料製成者。 17. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中第一模腔在第 —模漱溫度,而第二模腔在較第一模腔溫度爲低之第二模 腔溫度者。 18. 如申請專利範圍第17項之方法,其中芯部是在芯部 溫度,較第一模腔溫度爲低者。 19. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中內套筒係由第 一 Tg的第一種材料形成,而提高溫度是在第一 Tg以下5 — 20 °C程度範圍者。 20. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中第—種材料是 31 ~· 本紙张尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4说格(2丨0X297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填涔本頁) 、-° - °〇^823 Λ8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範園 選自包含聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(PEN )均聚物、共聚物、摻 合物者。 21. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中外層包含至少 一層,由選自包含聚對苯二甲酸(PET )、氧清除材料、 再生PET、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丙烯酯、聚碳酸酯、聚丙 烯膪、尼龍,及其共聚物和摻合物者。 22. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中物體具有側壁 部,其內套筒具有較薄第一厚度(h),外層具有較厚第 二厚度(t2),而比大於4 : 1者。 23. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中物體具有較薄 第一厚度(h),外層具有較厚第二厚度(t〇,而t2: 比在1.2 : 1至8 : 1程度者。 24. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中內套筒實質上 結晶化,而外層實質上非晶性者。 25. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中內套筒係由第 一種材料製成,外層由第二種材料製成,而第二種材料的 結晶化率較第一種材料爲低者。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填霄本頁) 26·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中具有第—和第 二芯部’在第一次循環時,第一芯部係位於第—模腔內, 以形成第一內套筒,而上有第二內套筒的第二芯部,同時 位於第二模腔內,以便在第二內套筒上成型第二外層者。 27.如申請專利範圍第26項之方法,其中第—和第二芯 部在第一和第二模腔間接續傳送者。 2&如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中套筒係由選自 〜32〜 本紙张尺度逋用中國國家橾準(CNS ) A4洗格(2丨0X297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 as Β8 C8 _ D8 六、申請專利範圍 包含聚酯、有成核劑之聚酯、丙烯酸酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二 酯(PEN )、聚碳酸酯、聚丙烯、聚醯胺、聚砚、丙烯腈 苯乙烯,及其共聚物和摻合物成型者。 29.如申請專利範圍第28項之方法,其中外層包含第二 種材料,選自包含聚對苯二甲酸(PET )、聚萘二甲酸乙 二酯(PEN )、和再生PET之任一種或多種之均聚物、共 聚物和摻合物者。 30·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中物體具有本體 部’而方法又包括將物體的本體部擴大,以形成擴大物體 ’具有實質上透明和双軸定向之本體部者。 31.如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中方法又包括將 物體冷却到物體內第一種材料的第一玻璃化溫度以下,將 物體再熱至第一玻璃化溫度以上,並將再熱物體擴大而形 成擴大物體者。 32如申請專利範圍第31項之方法,其中擴大物體具有 高Tg或結晶化上頸部修飾,以及實質上透明之双軸定向本 體部者。 33·—種多層射出成型塑膠物體之製造裝置,包括: 至少一組第一和第二模腔,各第一模腔適於形成較 薄內套筒,而各第二模腔適於形成較厚外層; 傳送機制,具有至少一組第一和第二芯部,以供第 —和第二組芯部接續定位於第一和第二組模腔內;而 其中第一組芯部可定位於第一組模腔內,以便在第 一組芯部上成型第一組內套筒,而第二組芯部可定位於第 〜33〜 本^張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4現格(2H)X297公釐) — --:----L----裝------訂----'---•.腺, (請先閒讀背面之注意事項再填{馬本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印製 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 二組模腔內,以便在第二組芯部的第一內套筒預先成型組 上,成型第二組外層者。 34. 如申請專利範圍第33項之裝置,其中第一模腔和芯 部形成第一壁厚(U),而第二模腔和芯部形成第二壁厚 (t2),而其中t2:tl比大於4 : 1者。 35. 如申請專利範圍第33項之裝置,其中傳送機制爲旋 轉性轉台者。 36. 如申請專利範圍第33項之裝置,其中傳送機制爲往 復梭者。 37. —種多層射出成型塑膠物體之製造裝置,包括: 至少一組第一和第二模腔,各第一模腔適於形成內 套筒,而各第二模腔適於形成多層外層; 傳送機制,具有至少一組第一和第二芯部,以便將 第一和第二芯部組定位於第一和第二組模腔內;而 其中第一組芯部可定位於第一組模腔內,在第一組 芯部上成型第一組內套筒,而第二組芯部可定位於第二組 模腔內,在第二祖芯部的預先成型第一內套筒上,成型第 二組多層外層者。 3a—種塑膠雛型之射出成型方法,包括: 將第一種熱塑性材料射出成型,形成第一雛型部, 平均結晶度至少約30% ;以及 將第二種熱塑性材料射出成型,形成第二雛型部, 保留實質上非晶性者。 39.如申請專利範圍第38項之方法,其中第一部實質上 〜34〜 本ϋ尺度適用^國國家標準(CNS > 格(210X297公ίΰ 一— --:---t:--卜裝------^訂丨.-------Γ線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填窝本頁) A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 爲頸部,而第二 40. 如申請 結晶化率較第 41. 如申請 選自包含聚酯 二乙酯(PEN 烯腈苯乙烯, 42如申請 選自包含聚對 酯(PEN )和 和摻合物者。 43.如申請 大,形成容器 一部實質上爲本體形成部者。 專利範圍第38項之方法,其中第二種材料的 一種材料爲低者。 專利範圍第40 、有成核劑的 )、聚碳酸酯 及其共聚物和 專利範圍第41 苯二甲酸乙二 再生PET任何 專利範圍第41 實質上透明之 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印聚 44. 一種多層塑膠物體之 在位於第一模腔內的 其中芯部較冷,第一模腔較 段和增壓階段,但實質上無 除去芯部上的套筒, 成型模腔;以及 在第二模腔內,於套 出成型物體者。 45. 如申請專利範圍第1 PEN聚合物材料製成,而提 者。 項之方法,其中第一種材料係 聚酷、芳基聚合物、聚萘二酸 、聚丙烯、聚醯胺、聚砜、丙 摻合物者。 項之方法,其中第二種材料係 酷(PET )、聚萘二甲酸乙二 一種或多種之均聚物、共聚物 項之方法,又包括將第二部擴 双軸定向本體者。 射出成型方法,包括: 芯部上,第一次成型內套筒, 溫,而第一次成型步驟充塡階 停留和冷却階段; 實質上毫不延遲地傳送至第二 筒上第二次成型,形成多層射 項之方法,其中內套筒是由 高溫度在60 — 120 eC程度範圍 35 本紙张尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) Γ 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印策 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 46. 如申請專利範圍第45項之方法,其中第一成型步驟 的循環時間在8秒以上者。 47. 如申請專利範圍第必項之方法,其中循環時間在4 一 8秒範圍者。 48_如申請專利範圍第45項之方法,其中第—模腔溫度 在40 — 120 X:,而芯部溫度在5〜骀範圍者。 49. 如申請專利範圍第你項之方法,其中第一模腔溫度 在75 5而芯部溫度在⑷一 %。匚範圍者。 50. 如申請專利範圍第48項之方法,其中第一模腔溫度 在100 — U0uC,而芯部溫度在5〜15。(:範圍者。 51_如申請專利範圍第48項之方法,其中pEN聚合物材 料的熔點在275 ~ 295。(:範圍,而提高溫度是在9〇_ 11〇 °C溫度者。 52如申請專利範圍第45項之方法,其中外層包含隣接 內套筒之PET聚合物材料,其熔點在26〇 — 275 -c範圍, 而第一成型步驟係在8000-15000 ps i的模腔壓力進行者。 53. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中內套筒是由第 一成型步驟中結晶的聚酯聚合物材料製成,而提高溫度是 在80 — 140 ·<:範圍者。 54. 如申請專利範圍第53項之方法,其中第一成型步驟 的循環時間在8秒以上者。 55. 如申請專利範圍第54項之方法,其中循環時間在5 —8秒範圍者。 56·如申請專利範圍第53項之方法,其中第—模腔溫度 36 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標本(CNS ) A4現格(210X297公釐) -----^-------^------ΪΤ------:線 (請先間讀背面之注意事項再填务本頁) '申請專利範圍 在8〇~~ 150。(:範圍,而芯部溫度在5 ~60。(:範圍者。 57. 如申請專利範圍第56項之方法,其中第一模腔溫度 在1~ 1 20 Ό範圍,而芯部溫度在5 — 15。<:範圍者。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 58. 如申請專利範圍第53項之方法,其中聚醋聚合物材 料的熔點在280 — 290 X:範圍,而提高溫度是在115 — 125 t 者。 59. 如申請專利範圍第53項之方法,其中外層包含pet 聚合物材料,隣接內套筒,PET聚合物材料的熔點在27〇 〜285 "C範圍,而第二成型步驟是在8000-15000 psi的模 腔壓力進行者。 6Q—種多層塑膠物體之射出成型方法,包括: 在位於第一模腔的芯部上,第一次成型PEN聚合物 材料之內套筒,第一次成型步驟包含充塡階段和增壓階段 ’而實質上無停留和冷却階段; 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 芯部和套筒實質上毫不延遲地傳送到第二模腔,而 套筒的外表面在100 — 110 °C左右的提高溫度範圍,並在 第二模腔內,於套筒上第二次成型PET聚合物材料的外層 ,形成多層射出成型塑膠物體,其中PET聚合物材料的熔 點在260 — 275 °C範圍,而第二次成型步驟是在8000 -15000 psi範圍的模腔壓力進行,以便在第二次成型步驟 中達成內套筒與外層間之熔粘者。 61. —種多層塑膠物體之射出成型方法,包括: 在位於第一模腔的芯部上,第一次成型PEN聚合物 材料之內套筒,第一次成型步驟包含充塡階段和增壓階段 〜yi 4. 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) 格(2丨0X297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印裝 A8 B8 C8 D8 ----------—--—__ 六、申請專利範圍 ,而實質上無停留和冷却階段; 芯部和套筒實質上毫不延遲地傳送到第二模腔,而 套筒的外表面在90 — 1〇〇。〇左右的提局溫度範圍,並在第 二模腔內,於套筒上第二次成型PET聚合物材料的外層, 形成多層射出成型塑膠物體,其中PET聚合物材料的熔點 在260 — 275 °C範圍,而第一次成型步驟是在8000-15000 psi範圍的模腔壓力進行,以便在第二次成型步驟中達成 內套筒與外層間之熔粘者。 62.—種多層塑膠物體之射出成型方法,包括: 在位於第一模腔的芯部上,第一次成型結晶的聚酯 聚合物材料之內套筒,第一次成型步驟包含充塡階段和增 壓階段,而實質上無停留和冷却階段; 芯部和套筒實質上毫不延遲地傳送到第二模腔,而 套筒的外表面在115 — 125 °C左右的提高溫度範圍,並在 第二模腔內,於套筒上第二次成型PET聚合物材料的外層 ,形成多層射出成型塑膠物體,其中PET聚合物材料的熔 點在270 — 28 5 °C範圍,而第二次成型步驟是在.8〇〇〇-150 00 psi範圍的模腔壓力進行,以便在第二次成型步驟 中達成內套筒與外層間之熔粘者。 〜38〜 本紙張尺度通用中國國家榡準(CNS) A4说格(2H)X297公釐) ----Γί---茛------L 訂 L-----1 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
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| AR002773A1 (es) * | 1995-07-07 | 1998-04-29 | Continental Pet Technologies | Metodo para el moldeado por inyeccion de un articulo plastico y aparato para llevarlo a cabo. |
| ATE368559T1 (de) | 1997-04-16 | 2007-08-15 | Husky Injection Molding | Verfahren und gerät zur patiellen kristallisierung amorpher kunststoffgegenstände |
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-
1995
- 1995-09-26 US US08/534,126 patent/US6217818B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-07-04 MY MYPI9602769 patent/MY120411A/en unknown
- 1996-07-04 TW TW85108067A patent/TW302323B/zh active
- 1996-07-08 EP EP20040077346 patent/EP1477288A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-07-08 EP EP20010202257 patent/EP1147872B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-08 EP EP20070075095 patent/EP1777053A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-07-08 CO CO96035553A patent/CO4520197A1/es unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6217818B1 (en) | 2001-04-17 |
| EP1147872B1 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
| EP1477288A3 (en) | 2005-11-16 |
| EP1477288A2 (en) | 2004-11-17 |
| EP1777053A2 (en) | 2007-04-25 |
| MY120411A (en) | 2005-10-31 |
| EP1147872A2 (en) | 2001-10-24 |
| CO4520197A1 (es) | 1997-10-15 |
| EP1147872A3 (en) | 2002-03-20 |
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