US5246761A - Bladder for an accumulator - Google Patents

Bladder for an accumulator Download PDF

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Publication number
US5246761A
US5246761A US07/764,678 US76467891A US5246761A US 5246761 A US5246761 A US 5246761A US 76467891 A US76467891 A US 76467891A US 5246761 A US5246761 A US 5246761A
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Prior art keywords
elastic material
material layer
bladder
gas
thickness
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US07/764,678
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English (en)
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Kenji Sasaki
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Nok Corp
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Nok Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F15B1/10—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with flexible separating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/20—Accumulator cushioning means
    • F15B2201/205—Accumulator cushioning means using gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/315—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means
    • F15B2201/3151—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means the flexible separating means being diaphragms or membranes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/315—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means
    • F15B2201/3156—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means characterised by their attachment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/40—Constructional details of accumulators not otherwise provided for
    • F15B2201/41—Liquid ports
    • F15B2201/411—Liquid ports having valve means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/40—Constructional details of accumulators not otherwise provided for
    • F15B2201/415—Gas ports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/40—Constructional details of accumulators not otherwise provided for
    • F15B2201/43—Anti-extrusion means
    • F15B2201/435—Anti-extrusion means being fixed to the separating means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1334—Nonself-supporting tubular film or bag [e.g., pouch, envelope, packet, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1334—Nonself-supporting tubular film or bag [e.g., pouch, envelope, packet, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1341—Contains vapor or gas barrier, polymer derived from vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, or polymer containing a vinyl alcohol unit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
    • Y10T428/1379—Contains vapor or gas barrier, polymer derived from vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, or polymer containing a vinyl alcohol unit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23—Sheet including cover or casing
    • Y10T428/239—Complete cover or casing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/24612—Composite web or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2481—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including layer of mechanically interengaged strands, strand-portions or strand-like strips
    • Y10T428/24818—Knitted, with particular or differential bond sites or intersections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
    • Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a bladder for an accumulator. More particularly, this invention relates to a bladder for an accumulator in which an intermediate portion of an elastic material layer is decreased in thickness so as to decrease its rigidity so that an outer surface portion of the elastic material layer at a curved or bent portion thereof can be prevented from expanding beyond the breaking expansion limit of a gas-barrier layer laminated thereon whereby buckling of the gas-barrier layer can be avoided.
  • a bladder for an accumulator is composed of an elastic material layer and a gas-barrier layer in a laminated condition, which have different elastic characteristics relative to each other.
  • the bladder is arranged in an accumulator shell so as to define a gas chamber and a liquid chamber.
  • a liquid pressure in the liquid chamber decreases, a central portion of the bladder moves into the liquid chamber in a discharging direction.
  • the central portion of the bladder moves into the gas chamber in a suction direction.
  • the conventional bladders for accumulators have substantially a constant or uniform thickness over their full range from their central portion to their peripheral edge portion so as to have a large rigidity. If the bladder is in non-load condition, the central portion of the bladder is inverted at its curved inversion area in the extending direction of its end edge so as to protrude into the gas chamber. Therefore, when the central portion of the bladder moves in the suction or discharging direction, the curved inversion area receives a lot of stress in such a way that an outer surface portion of the elastic material layer may expand at the curved inversion area beyond the breaking expansion limit of the gas-barrier layer. Further, the gas-barrier layer may buckle at its curved inversion area. As a result, the elastic material layer and the gas-barrier layer are sometimes broken. In particular, if the gas-barrier layer is made of a resin material having a small elasticity, the life time is shortened.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a bladder for an accumulator in which an outer surface of the bladder can be prevented from expanding at its curved inversion area beyond the breaking expansion limit of a gas-barrier layer so as to avoid the gas-barrier layer buckling.
  • a bladder for an accumulator including a shell comprises an elastic material layer, a gas-barrier layer laminated thereon, and an elastic fitting portion formed at a peripheral edge portion of the elastic material layer so as to be pressed onto an inner surface of the shell when the fitting portion is attached to the inner surface of the shell by means of an attaching element.
  • the thickness of the elastic material layer decreases at an intermediate portion thereof and/or increases at a curved inversion portion thereof.
  • the outer surface portion of the elastic material layer can be prevented from expanding at its curved inversion area beyond the breaking expansion limit of the gas-barrier layer.
  • buckling of the gas-barrier layer can be avoided at the curved inversion area. Accordingly, even if the gas-barrier layer is made of a resin material having a small elasticity, the bladder can have an excellent durability and a long life time.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view showing a bladder for an accumulator according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross sectional view showing a portion of the bladder shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view showing an accumulator equipped with the bladder shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view showing a bladder for an accumulator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an cross sectional enlarged view showing a portion of the bladder shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view showing an accumulator equipped with the bladder shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a bladder for an accumulator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross sectional view showing a portion of the bladder shown in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view showing an accumulator equipped with the bladder shown in FIG. 7.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • a bladder 10 for an accumulator according to this invention includes an elastic material layer 11, a gas-barrier layer 12 laminated thereon and a poppet 13 attached thereto.
  • the elastic material layer 11 is made of a suitable elastic material such as rubber.
  • the gas-barrier layer 12 is laminated on the entire inner surface of the elastic material layer 11.
  • the poppet 13 is arranged on an outer surface of a central portion 11A of the elastic material layer 11 so as to face a liquid chamber 21B which will be later described.
  • the elastic material layer 11 has a thick fitting portion 11a made of rubber or any other elastic material so as to ensure a seal between an inner surface of a shell 21 and an attaching element 22 when the bladder is attached to the shell 21 by means of the attaching element 22.
  • the thick fitting portion 11a is positioned at an inner surface of its peripheral edge portion 11B so as to face toward a gas chamber 21A.
  • a curved inversion area 11C of the elastic material layer 11 is positioned between its central portion 11A and its peripheral edge portion 11B.
  • the elastic material layer 11 has such a predetermined thickness t that it can be prevented from expanding at an outer surface of the curved inversion area 11C beyond the breaking expansion limit of the gas-barrier layer 12. That is, an intermediate portion 11D which is usually positioned between the central portion 11A and the curved inversion area 11C has a reduced thickness.
  • the reduced thickness of the intermediate portion 11D preferably ranges from the central portion 11A or the vicinity of the poppet 13 to the vicinity of an inner inversion end R1 of the curved inversion area 11C, because the stress due to the expansion of the elastic material layer 11 can be prevented from lumping in a specific portion, for instance, the vicinity of an outer inversion end Ro of the curved inversion area 11C or the vicinity of the inner inversion end R1. It is preferable that both ends of the thickness-reduced intermediate portion 11D gradually increase in thickness so as to be smoothly connected with the curved inversion area 11C and the central portion 11A.
  • the degree of reducing the thickness t of the elastic material layer 11 is determined in such a manner that the elastic material layer 11 does not expand beyond the breaking expansion limit of the gas-barrier layer 12 when the stress in the curved inversion portion 11C becomes a maximum and depends on the materials and/or conditions to be employed for the elastic material layer 11 and the gas-barrier layer 12.
  • the curved inversion portion 11C is usually an annular portion which projects into the liquid chamber 21B when the bladder 10 is in non-load condition.
  • the gas-barrier layer 12 is made of a reinforcing material such as a woven sheet or non-woven sheet and a resin layer or a metal foil having a low gas-permeability which is formed on at least one surface of the reinforcing sheet as a gas shielding film although not shown.
  • the resin layer may be made of polyvinyl alcohol type resin, polyvinyl fluoride type resin or vinylidene chloride type resin.
  • the gas-barrier layer 12 is usually composed of at least one reinforcing sheet and at least one gas-shielding film in combination, the reinforcing sheet can be omitted if desired.
  • the gas-barrier layer can be made in such a condition that a plurality of layers are laminated.
  • polyol type plasticizer is preferably contained therein at the rate of 10% to 50% by weight so that the flexibility in cold conditions can be improved.
  • one side or both sides of the gas-barrier film can be laminated with ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyvinyl fluoride, hexafluoropylene, tetrafluroethylene or the like.
  • a partly saponified polyvinyl alcohol type film has a good durability against fluids and in particular brake fluids and mineral oils. It can protect a polyvinyl alcohol layer.
  • the plasticizer contained in the polyvinyl alcohol can be prevented from discharging from the polyvinyl alcohol layer into the liquid chamber and the gas chamber by means of the partly saponified polyvinyl alcohol type film.
  • An accumulator 20 has the gas chamber 21A and the liquid chamber 21B divided by the bladder 10 in the shell 21.
  • the outer periphery 11B of the bladder 10 is set on the inner surface of the shell 21, and then the attaching element 22 is set on the elastic fitting portion 11a of the elastic material layer 11 in such a manner that the latter can be pressed onto the inner surface of the shell 21 as best shown in FIG. 3.
  • a such as nitrogen gas is supplied at a desired pressure into the gas chamber 21A in the shell 21 through an inlet port 23a, the inlet port 23a is closed by a closing element 23 and a seal element 23b so that the gas chamber 21A is maintained in a sealed condition.
  • An oil port element 24 is fixed to the liquid chamber 21B of the shell 21 so as to be selectively open or closed at its inner opening side by means of the poppet 13 which is fixed to the center of the bladder 10.
  • the oil port element 24 has a liquid introducing hole 24a through which the liquid chamber 21B is connected to a liquid source (not shown) placed outside of the shell 21. A desired volume of liquid is supplied into the liquid chamber 21B from the liquid source by way of the hole 24a of the oil port element 24 so as to depend on a pressure in the liquid source.
  • the central portion 11A is inverted at the curved inversion area 11C so as to protrude into the gas chamber 21A in the extending direction of the peripheral edge portion 11B as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the elastic material layer 11 is in non-load condition at both inner and outer surface portions thereof within the curved inversion portion 11C. Thus, no substantial stress is created. The elastic material layer 11 is not deformed.
  • the central portion 11A of the bladder 10 gradually moves into the liquid chamber 21B in the discharging direction designated by the arrow A in FIG. 3 until the liquid pressure in the liquid chamber 21B becomes equal to the gas pressure in the gas chamber 21A.
  • the curved inversion area 11C is deformed in such a way that the inner surface portion of the elastic material layer 11 is expanded while the outer surface portion thereof is contracted. Also, the central portion 11A moves toward the inversion point or points of the curved inversion area 11C. As the thickness t of the elastic material layer 11 is decreased at the intermediate portion 11D so as to have a small rigidity, the outer surface portion of the elastic material layer 11 can be prevented from expanding beyond the breaking expansion limit of the gas-barrier layer 12. In addition, buckling of the gas-barrier layer 12 can be avoided.
  • the central portion 11A of the bladder 10 gradually moves into the gas chamber 21A in the suction direction designated by the arrow B in FIG. 3 until the gas pressure in the gas chamber 21A becomes equal to the liquid pressure in the liquid chamber 21B.
  • the curved inversion area 11C is deformed in such a way that the inner surface portion of the elastic material layer 11 is contracted while the outer surface portion thereof is expanded. Also, the inversion points of the curved inversion area 11C move in the general direction of extension of the peripheral portion 11B. As the thickness t of the elastic material layer 11 is decreased at the intermediate portion 11D so as to have a small rigidity, the outer surface portion of the elastic material layer 11 can be prevented from expanding beyond the breaking expansion limit of the gas-barrier layer 12. In addition, buckling of the gas-barrier layer 12 can be avoided.
  • any stress can be prevented from lumping in a specific portion in a radial direction.
  • buckling of the gas-barrier layer 12 can be avoided at the curved inversion area 11C.
  • the bladder 10 can properly response to the liquid pressure changing in the liquid source. Thus, it can have an excellent durability and a long life time.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 show a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • a bladder 30 for an accumulator includes an elastic material layer 31, a gas-barrier layer 32 an a poppet 33.
  • the elastic material layer 31 is made of a suitable elastic material such as a rubber.
  • the gas barrier layer 32 is laminated on the inside of the elastic material layer 31.
  • the poppet 33 is attached on a central portion 31A of the elastic material layer 31 so as to face a liquid chamber 41B.
  • the elastic material layer 31 has a thick fitting portion 31a made of a rubber or any other elastic material so as to ensure a seal between an inner surface of a shell 31 and an attaching element 42 when the bladder is attached to the shell 41 by means of the attaching element 42.
  • the fitting portion 31a is positioned at its peripheral edge portion 31B so as to face toward a gas chamber 41A.
  • a curved inversion area 31C of the elastic material layer 31 is positioned between its central portion 31A and its peripheral edge portion 31B.
  • the elastic material layer 31 has such a predetermined thickness t that it can be prevented from expanding at an outer surface of the curved inversion area 31C beyond the breaking expansion limit of the gas-barrier layer 32. That is, an intermediate portion 31D is placed between the central portion 31A and the curved inversion area 31C and has a reduced thickness.
  • the reduced thickness of the intermediate portion 31D preferably ranges from the central portion 31A or the vicinity of the poppet 13 to the vicinity of an inner inversion end R I of the inversion area 31C because the stress due to the expansion of the elastic material layer 31 can be prevented from lumping in a specific portion, for instance, the vicinity of an outer inversion end R O or the vicinity of the inner inversion end R I . It is preferable that both ends of the reduced-thickness intermediate portion 31D gradually increase in thickness so as to be smoothly connected with the curved inversion area 31C and the central portion 31A.
  • the degree of reducing the thickness t of the elastic material layer 31D is determined in such a manner that the elastic material layer 31 does not expand beyond the breaking expansion limit of the gas-barrier layer 32 when the stress in the curved inversion portion 31C becomes maximum and depends on employed materials and/or conditions of the elastic material layer 31 and the gas-barrier layer 32.
  • the curved inversion portion 31C is usually an annular portion which projects into the liquid chamber 41B when the bladder 30 is in no load condition.
  • the elastic material layer 31 increases in thickness at or in the vicinity of the curved inversion area 31C.
  • the increased thickness t of the elastic material layer 31 ranges from an inner point positioned slightly beyond the inner inversion point R I to an outer point positioned slightly beyond the outer inversion point R O in order that the stress due to the expansion of the elastic material layer 31 can be prevented from lumping in a specific portion, for instance, the vicinity of an outer inversion end R O or the vicinity of the inner inversion point R I . It is preferable that both ends of the thickness-increased portion gradually decrease in thickness.
  • the degree of increasing the thickness t of the elastic material layer 31 is determined in such a manner that the elastic material layer 31 does not expand beyond the breaking expansion limit of the gas-barrier layer 32 when the stress in the curved inversion portion 31C becomes maximum. It depends on employed materials and/or conditions of the elastic material layer 31 and the gas-barrier layer 32.
  • the gas-barrier layer 32 is made of a reinforcing material such as a woven sheet or non-woven sheet and a resin layer or a metal foil having a low gas-permeability which is formed on at least one surface of the reinforcing sheet as a gas shielding film although not shown.
  • the resin layer may be made of polyvinyl alcohol type resin, polyvinyl fluoride type resin or vinylidene chloride type resin.
  • the gas-barrier layer 32 is usually composed of at least one reinforcing sheet and at least one gas-shielding film, the reinforcing sheet can be omitted if desired.
  • An accumulator 40 has the gas chamber 41A and the liquid chamber 41B divided by the bladder 30 in the shell 41.
  • the outer periphery 31B of the bladder 30 is set on the inner surface of the shell 41, and then the attaching element 42 is set on the fitting portion 31a of the elastic material layer 31 in such a manner that the latter is pressed toward the inner surface of the shell 41 as best shown in FIG. 6.
  • chamber 41A in the shell 41 After gas, at an appropriate pressure such as nitrogen gas is supplied into the gas, chamber 41A in the shell 41 through an inlet port 43a, the inlet port 43a is closed by a closing element 43 and a seal element 43b so that the gas chamber 41A is in a sealed condition.
  • an appropriate pressure such as nitrogen gas
  • An oil port element 44 is attached to the liquid chamber 41B of the shell 41 so as to be selectively open or closed at its inner opening side by the poppet 33 fixed to the bladder 30.
  • the oil port element 44 has a liquid introducing hole 44a through which the liquid chamber 41B is connected to a liquid source (not shown) placed outside of the shell 41. A desired volume of liquid is supplied into the liquid chamber 41B from the liquid source by way of the hole 44a of the oil port element 44 according to the pressures in the liquid source.
  • the central portion 31A is inverted at the curved inversion area 31C so as to protrude into the gas chamber 41A in the extending direction of the peripheral edge portion 31B.
  • the elastic material layer 31 is in non load condition at both inner and outer surfaces thereof within the curved inversion portion 31C. Thus, no stress is created. The elastic material layer 31 is not deformed.
  • the central portion 31A of the bladder 30 gradually moves into the liquid chamber 41B in the discharging direction designated by the arrow A in FIG. 6 until the liquid pressure in the liquid chamber 41B becomes equal to the gas pressure in the gas chamber 41A.
  • the curved inversion area 31C is deformed in such a way that the inner surface portion of the elastic material layer 31 is expanded while the outer surface portion thereof is contracted. Also, the central portion 31A moves toward the curved inversion area 31C. Because the thickness t of the elastic material layer 31 is decreased at the intermediate portion 31D so as to have a small rigidity and then increased at its outer surface side in the vicinity of the curved inversion area 31C, the outer surface portion of the elastic material layer 31 can be prevented from expanding beyond the breaking expansion limit of the gas-barrier layer 32. It is more advantageous than that of the first embodiment.
  • the stress can be prevented from lumping in a specific area such as the inner inversion point R I and the outer inversion point R O .
  • buckling of the gas-barrier layer 32 can be avoided.
  • the central portion 31A of the bladder 30 gradually moves into the gas chamber 41A in the suction direction designated by the arrow B in FIG. 6 until the gas pressure in the gas chamber 41A becomes equal to the liquid pressure in the liquid chamber 41B.
  • the curved inversion area 31C is deformed in such a way that the inner surface portion of the elastic material layer 31 is contracted while the outer surface portion thereof is expanded. Also, the inversion point of the curved inversion area 31C moves toward the direction of extension of the peripheral portion 31B. Because the thickness t of the elastic material layer 31 is decreased at the intermediate portion 31D so as to have a small rigidity and then increased at its outer surface side in the vicinity of the curved inversion area 31C, the outer surface portion of the elastic material layer 31 can be prevented from expanding beyond the breaking expansion limit of the gas-barrier layer 32. It is more advantageous than that of the first embodiment.
  • the stress can be prevented from lumping in a specific area such as the inner inversion point R I and the outer inversion point R O .
  • buckling of the gas-barrier layer 32 can be avoided.
  • the bladder 30 for an accumulator when the central portion 31A repeatedly moves in relation to the oil port element 44 in response to the liquid pressure changing in the liquid source, the stress can be prevented from lumping in a specific portion in a radial direction.
  • buckling of the gas-barrier layer 32 can be avoided at the curved inversion area 31C. Accordingly, even if the gas-barrier layer 32 is made of a resin material having a small elasticity, the bladder 30 can properly respond to the liquid pressure changes in the liquid source. Thus, it can have an excellent durability and a long life time. Such advantages of the second embodiment are more excellent than those of the first embodiment.
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 show a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • a bladder 40 for an accumulator includes an elastic material layer 41, a gas-barrier layer 42 and a poppet 43.
  • the elastic material layer 41 is made of a suitable elastic material such as a rubber.
  • the gas barrier layer 42 is laminated on the inside or surface of the elastic material layer 41.
  • the poppet 43 is arranged on an outer surface of a central portion 41A of the elastic material layer 41 so as to face a liquid chamber 21B which will be later described.
  • the elastic material layer 41 has a thick fitting portion 41a made of a rubber or any other elastic material so as to ensure a seal between an inner surface of a shell 21 and an attaching element 22 when the bladder is attached to the shell 21 by means of the attaching element 22.
  • the thick fitting portion 41a is positioned at an inner surface of its peripheral edge portion 41B so as to face toward a gas chamber 21A.
  • a curved inversion area 41C of the elastic material layer 41 is positioned between its central portion 41A and its peripheral edge portion 41B.
  • the elastic material layer 41 has such a predetermined thickness t that it can be prevented from expanding at an outer surface of the curved inversion area 41C beyond the breaking expansion limit of the gas-barrier layer 42, by increasing the thickness of the curved inversion area 41C at its outer surface portion between the central portion 41A and the peripheral edge portion 41B.
  • the increased thickness range of the elastic material layer 41 preferably extends from an inner point slightly beyond the inner inversion point R I to an outer point slightly beyond the outer inversion point R O because the stress due to the expansion of the elastic material layer 41 can be prevented from lumping in a specific portion, for instance, the vicinity of the outer inversion point Ro or the vicinity of the inner inversion point R I . It is preferable that both ends of the thickness-increased portion gradually decrease in thickness.
  • the curved inversion portion 41C is an annular portion which projects into the liquid chamber 21B when the bladder 40 is in non-load condition.
  • the gas-barrier layer 42 is made of a reinforcing material such as a woven sheet or non-woven sheet and a resin layer or a metal foil having a low gas-permeability which is formed on at least one surface of the reinforcing sheet as a gas shielding film although not shown.
  • the resin layer may be made of polyvinyl alcohol type resin, polyvinyl fluoride type resin or vinylidene chloride type resin.
  • the gas-barrier layer 42 is usually composed of at least one reinforcing sheet and at least one gas-shielding film, the reinforcing sheet can be omitted if desired.
  • the accumulator 20 has the gas chamber 21A and the liquid chamber 21B divided by the bladder 40 in the shell 21.
  • the outer periphery 41B of the bladder 40 is set on the inner surface of the shell 21, and then the attaching element 22 is set on the elastic fitting portion 41a of the elastic material layer 41 in such a manner that the latter can be pressed onto the inner surface of the shell 21 as best shown in FIG. 9.
  • the inlet port 23a is closed by the closing element 23 and the seal element 23b so that the gas chamber 21A is held in a sealed condition.
  • the oil port element 24 is attached to the liquid chamber 21B of the shell 21 so as to be selectively open or closed at its inner opening side by the poppet 43 fixed to the bladder 40.
  • the liquid chamber 21B is connected to a liquid source (not shown) placed outside of the shell 21.
  • a desired volume of liquid is supplied into the liquid chamber 21B from the liquid source by way of the hole 24a of the oil port element 24 according to the pressures in the liquid source.
  • the central portion 41A When the bladder 40 is in no load condition, the central portion 41A is inverted at the curved inversion area 41C so as to protrude into the gas chamber 21A in the extending direction of the peripheral edge portion 41B as shown in FIG. 9.
  • the elastic material layer 41 is in no load condition at both inner and outer surfaces thereof within the curved inversion portion 41C. Thus, no stress is created and the elastic material layer 41 is not deformed.
  • the central portion 41A of the bladder 40 gradually moves into the liquid chamber 21B in the discharging direction designated by the arrow A in FIG. 9 until the liquid pressure in the liquid chamber 21B becomes equal to the gas pressure in the gas chamber 21A.
  • the curved inversion area 41C is deformed in such a way that the inner surface portion of the elastic material layer 41 is expanded while the outer surface portion thereof is contracted. Also, the central portion 41A moves toward the inversion points of the curved inversion area 41C. As the thickness t of the elastic material layer 41 is increased at the outer surface portion thereof, the outer surface portion of the elastic material layer 41 can be prevented from expanding beyond the breaking expansion limit of the gas-barrier layer 42.
  • the increased thickness range of the elastic material layer 41 at its outer surface side extends from the inner point slightly beyond the inner inversion point R I to the outer point slightly beyond the outer inversion point R O , the stress can be prevented from lumping in a specific area in a radial direction such as the inner inversion point R I and the outer inversion point R O .
  • buckling of the gas-barrier layer 42 can be avoided.
  • the central portion 41A of the bladder 40 gradually moves into the gas chamber 21A in the suction direction designated by the arrow B in FIG. 9 until the gas pressure in the gas chamber 21A becomes equal to the liquid pressure in the liquid chamber 21B.
  • the curved inversion area 41C is deformed in such a way that the inner surface portion of the elastic material layer 41 is contracted while the outer surface portion thereof is expanded. Also, the inversion point of the curved inversion portion 41C move toward the general direction of extension of the peripheral portion 41B. As the thickness t of the elastic material layer 41 is increased at the outer surface portion thereof, the outer surface portion of the elastic material layer 41 can be prevented from expanding beyond the breaking expansion limit of the gas-barrier layer 42.
  • the increased thickness range of the elastic material layer 41 at its outer surface side extends from the inner point slightly beyond the inner inversion point R I to the outer point slightly beyond the outer inversion point R O , the stress can be prevented from lumping in a specific area in a radius direction such as the inner inversion point R I and the outer inversion point R O .
  • buckling of the gas-barrier layer 42 can be avoided.
  • the stress can be prevented from lumping in a specific portion in a radial direction.
  • buckling of the gas-barrier layer 42 can be avoided at the curved inversion area 41C.
  • the bladder 40 can properly respond to the liquid pressure changing in the liquid source. Thus, it can have an excellent durability and a long life time.
  • the relative thicknesses of the intermediate and curved inversion portions are such that the curved inversion portion is approximately two or three times that of the intermediate portion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
US07/764,678 1990-09-26 1991-09-25 Bladder for an accumulator Expired - Lifetime US5246761A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2256534A JP3049614B2 (ja) 1990-09-26 1990-09-26 アキュムレータ用ブラダ
JP2-25634 1990-09-26

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JP (1) JP3049614B2 (ja)
DE (1) DE4131790C2 (ja)
FR (1) FR2667118B1 (ja)

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US5713141A (en) * 1994-08-31 1998-02-03 Nike, Inc. Cushioning device with improved flexible barrier membrane
FR2767170A1 (fr) * 1997-08-11 1999-02-12 Mannesmann Sachs Ag Recipient de pression comprenant une masse de gaz enfermee, notamment pour amortisseurs
US6013340A (en) * 1995-06-07 2000-01-11 Nike, Inc. Membranes of polyurethane based materials including polyester polyols
US6116585A (en) * 1997-08-11 2000-09-12 Mannesmann Sachs Ag Pressure holder with an enclosed gas mass
US6321465B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2001-11-27 Nike, Inc. Membranes of polyurethane based materials including polyester polyols
US20030111124A1 (en) * 2001-12-19 2003-06-19 Gray Charles L. Low permeation hydraulic accumulator
US20030148052A1 (en) * 1995-06-07 2003-08-07 Bonk Henry W. Barrier membranes including a barrier layer employing aliphatic thermoplastic urethanes
US6620472B1 (en) 1994-08-31 2003-09-16 Nike, Inc. Laminated resilient flexible barrier membranes
US6736708B1 (en) * 1998-09-01 2004-05-18 Micron Technology, Inc. Microelectronic substrate assembly planarizing machines and methods of mechanical and chemical-mechanical planarization of microelectronic substrate assemblies
US20080093920A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-04-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydraulic braking circuit
WO2011044042A1 (en) * 2009-10-05 2011-04-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Energy storage system including an expandable accumulator and reservoir assembly
US8701398B2 (en) 2012-03-20 2014-04-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Strain energy accumulator
US20150375593A1 (en) * 2008-03-19 2015-12-31 Fox Factory, Inc. Methods and apparatus for vehicle suspension having multiple gas volumes
US9688347B2 (en) 2008-07-24 2017-06-27 Fox Factory, Inc. Vehicle suspension damper
US9797467B2 (en) 2008-03-19 2017-10-24 Fox Factory, Inc. Methods and apparatus for combined variable damping and variable spring rate suspension

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DE4243652C2 (de) * 1991-12-27 1999-04-01 Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd Flexibles Trennwandelement für einen Flüssigkeitsspeicher
US5618629A (en) * 1991-12-27 1997-04-08 Tokai Rubber Industries, Inc. Flexible partition member for hydraulic accumulator, including ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer gas-barrier layer and polyamide resin elastic layer
DE10112976A1 (de) 2001-03-17 2002-10-02 Hydac Technology Gmbh Hydropneumatischer Druckspeicher
GB2619281B (en) * 2022-05-25 2025-01-08 Cam Lock Ltd Diaphragm for a fluid storage tank

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Cited By (43)

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US5713141A (en) * 1994-08-31 1998-02-03 Nike, Inc. Cushioning device with improved flexible barrier membrane
US6620472B1 (en) 1994-08-31 2003-09-16 Nike, Inc. Laminated resilient flexible barrier membranes
US6521305B1 (en) 1994-08-31 2003-02-18 Paul H. Mitchell Cushioning device with improved flexible barrier membrane
US6321465B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2001-11-27 Nike, Inc. Membranes of polyurethane based materials including polyester polyols
US6730379B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2004-05-04 Nike, Inc. Shoe sole of gas-filled film with barrier layer of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and aliphatic polyurethane
US7078091B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2006-07-18 Nike, Inc. Membranes of polyurethane based materials including polyester polyols
US6391405B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2002-05-21 Nike, Inc. Fluid barrier membranes
US6013340A (en) * 1995-06-07 2000-01-11 Nike, Inc. Membranes of polyurethane based materials including polyester polyols
US7851036B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2010-12-14 Basf Coatings Gmbh Gas-filled cushioning device
US20030148052A1 (en) * 1995-06-07 2003-08-07 Bonk Henry W. Barrier membranes including a barrier layer employing aliphatic thermoplastic urethanes
US20040195174A1 (en) * 1995-06-07 2004-10-07 Bonk Henry W. Membranes of polyurethane based materials including polyester polyols
US6652940B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2003-11-25 Nike, Inc. Membranes of polyurethane based materials including polyester polyols
US6203868B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2001-03-20 Nike, Inc. Barrier members including a barrier layer employing polyester polyols
US6797215B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2004-09-28 Nike, Inc. Membranes of polyurethane based materials including polyester polyols
US20040166268A1 (en) * 1995-06-07 2004-08-26 Bonk Henry W. Gas-filled cushioning device
FR2767170A1 (fr) * 1997-08-11 1999-02-12 Mannesmann Sachs Ag Recipient de pression comprenant une masse de gaz enfermee, notamment pour amortisseurs
US6116585A (en) * 1997-08-11 2000-09-12 Mannesmann Sachs Ag Pressure holder with an enclosed gas mass
US6736708B1 (en) * 1998-09-01 2004-05-18 Micron Technology, Inc. Microelectronic substrate assembly planarizing machines and methods of mechanical and chemical-mechanical planarization of microelectronic substrate assemblies
US20040192177A1 (en) * 1998-09-01 2004-09-30 Carpenter Craig M. Microelectronic substrate assembly planarizing machines and methods of mechanical and chemical-mechanical planarization of microelectronic substrate assemblies
US6969309B2 (en) 1998-09-01 2005-11-29 Micron Technology, Inc. Microelectronic substrate assembly planarizing machines and methods of mechanical and chemical-mechanical planarization of microelectronic substrate assemblies
US7121304B2 (en) * 2001-12-19 2006-10-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Low permeation hydraulic accumulator
US20030111124A1 (en) * 2001-12-19 2003-06-19 Gray Charles L. Low permeation hydraulic accumulator
US8215723B2 (en) * 2006-06-30 2012-07-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydraulic braking circuit
US20080093920A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-04-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydraulic braking circuit
US10384509B2 (en) 2008-03-19 2019-08-20 Fox Factory, Inc. Methods and apparatus for vehicle suspension having multiple gas volumes
US10408295B2 (en) 2008-03-19 2019-09-10 Fox Factory, Inc. Methods and apparatus for combined variable damping and variable spring rate suspension
US11951793B2 (en) 2008-03-19 2024-04-09 Fox Factory, Inc. Methods and apparatus for vehicle suspension having multiple gas volumes
US11312203B2 (en) 2008-03-19 2022-04-26 Fox Factory, Inc. Methods and apparatus for vehicle suspension having multiple gas volumes
US11181163B2 (en) 2008-03-19 2021-11-23 Fox Factory, Inc. Methods and apparatus for combined variable damping and variable spring rate suspension
US9855812B2 (en) * 2008-03-19 2018-01-02 Fox Factory, Inc. Methods and apparatus for vehicle suspension having multiple gas volumes
US9797467B2 (en) 2008-03-19 2017-10-24 Fox Factory, Inc. Methods and apparatus for combined variable damping and variable spring rate suspension
US20150375593A1 (en) * 2008-03-19 2015-12-31 Fox Factory, Inc. Methods and apparatus for vehicle suspension having multiple gas volumes
US9688347B2 (en) 2008-07-24 2017-06-27 Fox Factory, Inc. Vehicle suspension damper
US10221914B2 (en) 2008-07-24 2019-03-05 Fox Factory, Inc. Vehicle suspension damper
US10612618B2 (en) 2008-07-24 2020-04-07 Fox Factory, Inc. Vehicle suspension damper
US11041537B2 (en) 2008-07-24 2021-06-22 Fox Factory, Inc. Vehicle suspension damper
CN102597534B (zh) * 2009-10-05 2015-12-02 罗伯特·博世有限公司 包括可膨胀蓄积器和存储器组件的能量存储系统
RU2556947C2 (ru) * 2009-10-05 2015-07-20 Роберт Бош Гмбх Система аккумулирования энергии, включающая в себя узел расширяемого аккумулятора и резервуара
WO2011044042A1 (en) * 2009-10-05 2011-04-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Energy storage system including an expandable accumulator and reservoir assembly
CN102597534A (zh) * 2009-10-05 2012-07-18 罗伯特·博世有限公司 包括可膨胀蓄积器和存储器组件的能量存储系统
US8991433B2 (en) 2009-10-05 2015-03-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Energy storage system including an expandable accumulator and reservoir assembly
AU2010303729B2 (en) * 2009-10-05 2014-02-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Energy storage system including an expandable accumulator and reservoir assembly
US8701398B2 (en) 2012-03-20 2014-04-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Strain energy accumulator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04136501A (ja) 1992-05-11
JP3049614B2 (ja) 2000-06-05
DE4131790C2 (de) 2002-06-20
DE4131790A1 (de) 1992-05-07
FR2667118B1 (fr) 1993-02-12
FR2667118A1 (fr) 1992-03-27

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