WO2000077220A2 - Verfahren zur veränderung von peptidsynthetasen in der weise, dass sie ihre substrataminosäuren n-methylieren können - Google Patents
Verfahren zur veränderung von peptidsynthetasen in der weise, dass sie ihre substrataminosäuren n-methylieren können Download PDFInfo
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- WO2000077220A2 WO2000077220A2 PCT/DE2000/001950 DE0001950W WO0077220A2 WO 2000077220 A2 WO2000077220 A2 WO 2000077220A2 DE 0001950 W DE0001950 W DE 0001950W WO 0077220 A2 WO0077220 A2 WO 0077220A2
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- pps
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- amino acids
- activation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/10—Transferases (2.)
- C12N9/1003—Transferases (2.) transferring one-carbon groups (2.1)
- C12N9/1007—Methyltransferases (general) (2.1.1.)
Definitions
- the invention relates to the modification of peptide synthetases (PPS) in such a way that they can N-methylate their substrate amino acids. This is achieved by a targeted modification or exchange of the functional subunits (activation domains) of these enzymes
- PPS Peptide synthetases
- Some PPS modules also accept unusual (non-proteinogenic) amino acids as substrates, such as alpha-aminoadipic acid (in penicillin) or phenylglycine (in p ⁇ stinamycin), which is catalyzed by the PPS A peptide is synthesized by the enzyme-catalyzed condensation of the amino acids bound to the modules.
- unusual (non-proteinogenic) amino acids such as alpha-aminoadipic acid (in penicillin) or phenylglycine (in p ⁇ stinamycin), which is catalyzed by the PPS A peptide is synthesized by the enzyme-catalyzed condensation of the amino acids bound to the modules.
- This condensation is directed in such a way that the substrate amino acid bound to the first module of the PPS (based on the N-termmus of the PPS) is the beginning (N-termmus ) of the synthesized peptide thus determines the number hl and the order of the modules within a PPS, the length and the sequence of the synthesized peptide (Kleinkauf H, von Dohren H (1990) Eur J Biochem 192 1-15) This is of crucial importance, since when exchanging or inserting or deleting of PPS modules, the structure of the product formed thereafter can be predicted genetically
- All known PPS modules have in common that they are composed of at least three functional domains (Figure 1A). These three domains are (1) the adenylation domains, necessary for the recognition and adenyheration of the substrate amino acids, and (2) the ACP domains , necessary for the covalent binding of the adenylated amino acid in the form of a thioester and (3) the condensation domains, necessary for the condensation of all amino acids bound to the PPS to the synthesized peptide (Stachelhaus et al (1995) FEMS Microbiol Lett 125 3-14).
- activation domains and ACP domains are also referred to as activation domains ( Figure 1A) because together they enable the recognition and covalent binding of substrate amino acids in the form of a reactive thioester.
- a special group are those activation domains that can also N-methylate their substrate amino acids after covalent binding PPS with such activation domains consequently contains this in the successor Peptide resulting from condensation also N-methylated amino acids
- the number of currently known or cloned genes coding for activation domains with N-methyltransferase activity (11 domains) is however significantly lower than the number of activation domains without N-methyltransferase activity (over 80 Domains)
- many of the activation domains with N-methyltransferase activity show comparable substrate activity, e.g.
- the invention described here is important because it also describes the conversion of activation domains without N-methyltransferase activity into activation domains with N-methyltransferase activity, with the original amino acid substrate specificity being retained. Any specificity of an existing PPS module can thus a corresponding module derivative with additional N-methyltransferase activity can be provided. These derivatives can then be used to construct new or modified PPS whereby the peptide synthesized by the PPS is N-methylated at the desired peptide formations. This enables the synthesis of new peptides with Possible New Pharmacological Properties Many of the already known pharmacologically active peptides and peptide derivatives, such as, for example, the cyclosponn, contain N-methylated amino acids. The selective N-methylation of individual nitrogen atoms in the peptide formations v on polypeptides, is hardly or not possible by chemical methods
- the invention is based on the fact that all activation domains with N-methyltransferase activity have an additional domain which is located between the adenylation domain and ACP domains ( Figure 1B). This additional domain is referred to below as N-methyltransferase domains and mediates the N-methylation of the bound substrate amino acid
- the invention includes methods for converting activation domains without N-methyltransferase activity into activation domains with N-methyltransferase activity and their use for the redesign of PPS for the synthesis of N-methylated amino acids and peptide activation domains without N - Methyltransferase activity of a PPS can in principle be converted into activation domains with N-methyltransferase activity in two ways
- N-methyltransferase domain is inserted as a functional unit in an activation domain.
- the N-methyltransferase domain can be inserted directly between the adenylation domains and ACP domains of the activation domains to be converted ( Figure 2A).
- Two can also be inserted closely adjacent fusion sites are used here, the area between the fusion sites in the activation domain to be converted is deleted and replaced by corresponding areas which are inserted together with the N-methyltransferase domain ( Figure 2 B).
- the N-methyltransferase domains can also be inserted as a block with a subsequent ACP domain (or parts thereof) behind the activation domains, which results in an exchange of the original ACP domains by the inserted ACP domains (or parts thereof) ( Figure 2C and 2D)
- the substrate specificity of the converted activation domains is retained in all insertions, however, since the adenylation domain (recognition and adenyherization of the substrate amino acid) is not changed
- Suitable insertion sites for the insertion of the N-methyltransferase domains into an activation domain are determined by the transition between the adenylation domains and the ACP domain. These result from the sequence comparison between activation domains with N-methyltransferase domains and activation domains without N-methyltransferase domains ( Figure 3)
- the N-methyltransferase domains are approximately 45 amino acids behind (C-terminal) of the consensus sequence known as "core motif 5" QVKI RG (F / H / Y) RIE (/ D GEIE (Turgay et al (1992 ) Mol Microbiol 6 529-546) of the adenylation domains and immediately N-term to the consensus sequence
- All described methods for converting an activation domain without N-methyltransferase activity into an activation domain with N-methyltransferase activity or their use for the construction of new PPS include a targeted modification and combination of the corresponding DNA sections of peptide synthetase genes. which codes for the N-methyltransferase domains of any activation domains with N-methyltransferase activity, inserted into the DNA segment which codes for the activation domains to be converted. This must be done in such a way that a common reading frame is formed after the insertion and the coded N-methyltransferase domains become an integral part of the coded activation domains.
- the DNA fragment from a gene of a PPS which codes completely or partially for the activation domains to be converted can be cloned in plasmids.
- plasmids for cloning and modification of DNA k
- All common methods of molecular biology can be used, such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
- the cloning and DNA manipulations can be carried out in all plasmids and organisms suitable for this purpose, such as pUC plasmids and E. coli, for the cloning and modification of the DNA Already existing or, for example, PCR-generated restriction sites can be used.
- Such methods are described in Example 1 and involve the introduction of a residual functional site into the DNA of the Actmomycm synthetase II gene, which is then used for the subsequent module exchange
- new PPS By inserting a DNA segment coding for the N-methyltransferase domains into the gene segment of a PPS, new PPS can be constructed.
- the expression of a new PPS gene can take place in plasmids and lead to the synthesis of new products
- Example 4 describes and includes the expression of a recombinant PPS gene according to the Transformation of a corresponding plasmid in Strepiomyces Hvidans and detection of the catalytic activity of the PPS encoded by the PPS gene.
- DNA segments can also be used to introduce PPS genes into the genome of organisms or to change PPS genes already present in the genome, as shown, for example, in the gene for surfactin synthetase in Bacillus subtilis (Stachelhaus et al. (1995) Science 269 (5220): 69-72). Accordingly, modules with N-methyltransferase activity can also be introduced into genomic PPS genes and lead to the formation of new, N-methylated peptides.
- the DNA sequences of the oligonucleotides used in the PCR are listed in Table 2.
- the sizes of the PCR fragments given in the examples relate to PCR fragments whose ends were cut with the restriction enzymes mentioned in the examples. Additional restriction sites in the oligonucleotides were used to first clone the PCR fragments in E. coli standard plasmids before the cloning described in the examples.
- the DNA sequence of the gene of actinomvcin synthetase II ( ⁇ cmB) is stored in the database "GenBank” under the entry AF047717.
- the DNA sequence of a 3849 bp B ⁇ mHl fragment from the gene of actinomvcin synthetase III ( ⁇ cm (X) is that Examples attached below.
- the actinomycin synthetase II (ACMS II) from Strepiomyces chrysom ⁇ llus has two modules without an N-methyltransferase domain, of which module 1 activates the amino acid threonine and module 2 the amino acid valine.
- module 1 activates the amino acid threonine
- module 2 the amino acid valine.
- a £ «; ⁇ /. ' Interface into the gene of the ACMS II ( ⁇ cmB).
- This EcoR ⁇ ' interface and an already present in the gene (a / interface make it possible to pass through the region coding for the activation domain of module 2 by any Cl ⁇ l- Exchange EcoR F fragments.
- the exchange includes numerous cloning steps, which are first described formally and then in detail.
- the plasmid pACM5 was used to generate an EcoR ['restriction site in the gene of ACMS II (acmB) ( Figure 4; Schauwecker et a /. (1998) J. Bacteriol., 180: 2468- 2474).
- the pasmid pACM5 ( Figure 4) carries the acmB gene behind a constitutive streptomycete promoter (mel P) and is a derivative of the streptomycete plasmid plJ702.
- a 4923 bp Ps / ZC / ⁇ -'fragment which encompasses the me / promoter and most of the 5 ' region of the acmB (up to the C / ⁇ Z interface at bp pos. 4519 in acmB), was isolated from pACM5 and cloned into the E. coli plasmid pSP72 (A in Figure 5). Then part of the immediately adjacent 3 ' region of the acmB (starting with the C / ⁇ / interface at bp 4519) was amplified by PCR with the oligonucleotides pnm-A and pnm-B (PCR fragment
- Example 2 Exchange of a complete activation domain without N-methyltransferase activity by an activation domain with N-methyltransferase activity in a PPS.
- the exchange of a complete activation domain was carried out in the actinomycin synthetase II (ACMS II) from Streptomvces chrvsomallus.
- the activation domain of module 2 was replaced by an activation domain with N-methyltransferase activity.
- the activation domain with N-methyltransferase activity used for the exchange comes from the actinomycin Synthetase III (ACMS III) and is also specific for valine
- ACMS III actinomycin Synthetase III
- Example 3 Conversion of an activation domain without N-methyltransferase activity into an activation domain with N-methyltransferase activity and introduction of these converted activation domains into a PPS.
- N-methyltransferase domain was inserted between the adenylation domain and the ACP domain in the valine activation domains from module 2 of the ACMS II. This activates the activation domains of the ACMS II with an additional N-methyltransferase activity.
- Methyitransferase domains come from module 3 of ACMS III. The exchange involves numerous cloning steps, which are first described formally and in detail below
- the area of the acmB-Ge s from bp pos. 4591 to 5899 with the oligonucleotides pnm-G and pnm- (PCR fragment 1 in Figure 6) and the area of bp pos 5932 to 6251 with the oligonucleotides pnm- ⁇ and pnm-J (PCR fragment 2 in Figure 6) amplified by PCR. Thereafter, PCR fragment 2 was first cloned as a 330 bp HindIII-EcoR fragment in pBlueScnpt and then the PCR fragment 1 used as 1386 bp Clal-SnaBI pigment.
- Example 4 Expression of recombinant PPS with introduced N-methyltransferase domains and in vitro testing of their N-methyltransferase activity.
- Streptomycetes were carried out according to standard protocols (Hopwood et al (1985) Genetic manipulation of Streptomyces A laboratory manual The John Innes Foundation, Norwich, England) Die
- the plasmid-coded PPS was purified from the transformants in each case from 1 liter of YEME culture medium after the stationary growth phase had been reached (3 days of growth)
- Proteins were broken up mechanically (French press). The genomic DNA, which was also released, was cleaved by incubation with DNAse I to obtain a thin suspension. Cell debris was removed by centrifugation and proteins were then added by adding ammonium sulfate until a final concentration of 55% was reached. precipitated The precipitated proteins were separated by size by exclusion chromatography (Saulenmat ⁇ x Ultrogel-AcA-34 from Biosepra). Protein fractions with proteins larger than 200 kDa were combined and further purified via an anion exchanger (Saulenmat ⁇ x Q-Sepharose FF from Pharmacia) Proteins bound to the anion exchanger were released from the anion exchanger by continuous addition of NaCl.
- the PPS constructed in Examples 2 and 3 eluted in a range between 150 to 250 mM NaCI.
- the PPS partially purified according to this protocol can then, for example, be used be further analyzed according to the following regulations
- the PPS is incubated with the emarked substrate amino acid as described above, but an additional 3 ⁇ l of 0.1 M S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM) is added to the mixture as a donor for the methyl group transferred to the amino acid TCA precipitation, the PPS is washed with 4 ml of 5% TCA (two servings) and then with 2 ml of ethanol and dried at 37 ° C.
- SAM S-adenosyl-methionine
- a peptide can be analyzed in a simple manner by acid hydrolysis and subsequent detection of the individual ammosaur components. This applies in particular to peptides which are formed by PPS since the ammosaur sequence of the synthesized peptide is already known through the arrangement of the modules.
- the analysis of the peptide formed in vitro can be carried out as follows, for example: 100 ⁇ l of purified PPS is mixed with all substrate amino acids of the PPS (2 mM each), SAM (2 mM), ATP (10 mM) and MgCl 2 (20 mM) Incubated in a total volume of 150 ⁇ l for 25 min at 30 ° C.
- threonyl -N-methyl-valine peptide linkage by the PPS constructed in Examples 2 and 3 can be carried out, for example, as follows: 20 ⁇ l of the peptide released from the PPS from each batch (a batch with 14 C-labeled threonm and a batch with 1 C-labeled valine ) are chromatographed on a silica gel 60 TLC film (Merk) with the eluent n-butanol glacial acetic acid H 2 0 (volume 80 20 20).
- Tsr thiostrepton
- Amp ampiciliin
- Figure 2 shows the modification of activation domains by inserting an N-
- FIG. 3 shows the sequence comparison of selected activation domains in the
- Figure 4 shows the starting plasmids used in the examples
- Figure 5 shows the introduction of a £ coRV residual interface in acmB
- Figure 6 shows the cloning of C / ⁇ I £ coRV cassettes for the construction of recombinant acmB genes
- Figure 7 shows plasmids for the expression of the recombinant PPS genes
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU59651/00A AU5965100A (en) | 1999-06-16 | 2000-06-15 | Method of modifying peptide synthetases such that they can n-methylate their substrate amino acids |
| DE10081623T DE10081623D2 (de) | 1999-06-16 | 2000-06-15 | Verfahren zur Veränderung von Peptidsynthetasen in der Weise, daß sie ihre Substrataminosören N-methylieren können |
| CA002418798A CA2418798A1 (en) | 1999-06-16 | 2000-06-15 | Method of modifying peptide synthetases such that they can n-methylate their substrate amino acids |
| EP00945641A EP1190066A2 (de) | 1999-06-16 | 2000-06-15 | Verfahren zur veränderung von peptidsynthetasen in der weise, dass sie ihre substrataminosäuren n-methylieren können |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19928313.3 | 1999-06-16 | ||
| DE1999128313 DE19928313A1 (de) | 1999-06-16 | 1999-06-16 | Verfahren zur Veränderung von Peptidsynthefasen in der Weise, daß sie ihre Substrataminosäuren N-methylieren können |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2000077220A2 true WO2000077220A2 (de) | 2000-12-21 |
| WO2000077220A3 WO2000077220A3 (de) | 2001-03-29 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2000/001950 Ceased WO2000077220A2 (de) | 1999-06-16 | 2000-06-15 | Verfahren zur veränderung von peptidsynthetasen in der weise, dass sie ihre substrataminosäuren n-methylieren können |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1190066A2 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU5965100A (de) |
| CA (2) | CA2418798A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19928313A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2000077220A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11180738B2 (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2021-11-23 | Eth Zurich | Method for producing an n-methylated (poly) peptide |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0578616A3 (en) * | 1992-07-09 | 1994-06-01 | Sandoz Ltd | Cylosporin synthetase |
| IT1264712B1 (it) * | 1993-07-13 | 1996-10-04 | Eniricerche Spa | Metodo di sintesi biologica di peptidi |
| IT1277466B1 (it) * | 1995-08-09 | 1997-11-10 | Eniricerche Spa | Peptide sintetasi ingegnerizzate e loro impiego per la produzione via non-ribosomale di peptidi |
| GB9714475D0 (en) * | 1997-07-09 | 1997-09-17 | Biochemie Gmbh | Organic compounds |
-
1999
- 1999-06-16 DE DE1999128313 patent/DE19928313A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-06-15 CA CA002418798A patent/CA2418798A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-15 EP EP00945641A patent/EP1190066A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-06-15 WO PCT/DE2000/001950 patent/WO2000077220A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2000-06-15 CA CA 2377592 patent/CA2377592A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-06-15 AU AU59651/00A patent/AU5965100A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-15 DE DE10081623T patent/DE10081623D2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2000077220A3 (de) | 2001-03-29 |
| AU5965100A (en) | 2001-01-02 |
| EP1190066A2 (de) | 2002-03-27 |
| DE10081623D2 (de) | 2002-05-29 |
| DE19928313A1 (de) | 2000-12-21 |
| CA2377592A1 (en) | 2000-12-21 |
| CA2418798A1 (en) | 2002-11-05 |
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