WO2020174035A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von ghee - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von ghee Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020174035A1 WO2020174035A1 PCT/EP2020/055111 EP2020055111W WO2020174035A1 WO 2020174035 A1 WO2020174035 A1 WO 2020174035A1 EP 2020055111 W EP2020055111 W EP 2020055111W WO 2020174035 A1 WO2020174035 A1 WO 2020174035A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- milk
- cream
- oil
- ghee
- fat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS OR COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils
- A23D9/02—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23C15/00—Butter; Butter preparations; Making thereof
- A23C15/12—Butter preparations
- A23C15/14—Butter powder; Butter oil, i.e. melted butter, e.g. ghee ; Anhydrous butter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23C15/00—Butter; Butter preparations; Making thereof
- A23C15/02—Making thereof
- A23C15/04—Making thereof from butter oil or anhydrous butter
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing ghee according to the preamble of claims 1 and / or 2.
- the fat-free dry matter can be obtained by separating a random sample, for example by separating the fat and / or oil e.g. can be determined by an organic solvent and subsequent drying.
- the Desi method is also known as the indigenous method or the milk-butter method. It is the original method of ghee production. For this, cream is processed directly or fermented into butter. The butter is then melted over a fire and heated to 100-105 ° C. In this step the product foams heavily. The proteins and impurities from the milk settle in the foam. In addition, precipitation arises from the fat-free
- the prestratification method (stratification, layering) is also called the clarified butter method or cream butter method. This is suitable when a lot of butter is available and is used industrially, but can also be used for small production quantities.
- Milk is separated into skimmed milk and cream. Butter is made from the cream. This is melted at 80-85 ° C. It is then left to stand in a settling tank so that different layers form due to the differences in density.
- the top layer is made up of floating denatured proteins and impurities.
- the middle layer contains almost exclusively pure fat. It collects in the lower layer
- Buttermilk serum The serum is drained. The other two layers are heated together to 105-110 ° C in a steam-heated kettle. The moisture evaporates and the typical taste of ghee is created.
- Desi-Ghee usually has a higher proportion of free fatty acids than ghee after direct cream or prestratification
- the prestratification process is considered to save energy, time and labor. Because a large part of the water has already been separated from the product after the settling process, not so much is required in the subsequent cooking process
- Ghee made using the prestratification method generally has a relatively low level of free fatty acids and a mild taste. It is more perishable than ghee made using the direct cream method. The water content is still too low to allow microbial growth
- ghee has a milk fat content of at least 99.6% by weight.
- ghee is already used when it has a fat content of at least 99.0% by weight.
- the object of the present invention is to develop a continuous process for the production of ghee with a high milk fat content of at least 99% by weight.
- the present invention solves this problem by a method with the
- the method according to the invention relates to the production of ghee.
- Procedure comprises the following steps: a. Providing cream or milk, in particular whole milk or raw milk;
- the milk can optionally be converted into cream or processed directly into concentrated cream. Cream can also be used directly as a raw material. b. Fattening of cream with the formation of butter and buttermilk;
- cream is churned with butter and buttermilk being formed.
- the separated buttermilk contains flavors, so-called SNF (solid non fat).
- SNF solid non fat
- the butter can be melted in a plate heat exchanger (PHE), in a tube heater and / or a scraped surface heat exchanger.
- PHE plate heat exchanger
- d Phase reversal by shear
- Shearing follows the melting of the butter. This can e.g. be done in a homogenizer or in a shear pump. The conditions of the shear are to be chosen so that a phase reversal preferably takes place.
- the phase-reversed melted butter, predominantly triglycerides, is hereinafter referred to as serum-containing oil. e. Oil concentration by centrifugal separation of a serum fraction;
- the oil, or the melted butter is then concentrated.
- the so-called serum fraction comprising i.a. Minerals, vitamins and / or lactose, centrifugally separated from the melted butter. f. Cooking the oil
- the concentrated oil is then boiled. Cooking can be done at
- the buttermilk or serum fraction separated in the previous steps can be returned to the oil as a milk product.
- milk products can also be added to the process externally become.
- Such milk products can be, for example, yoghurt, acidified milk, but also serum or buttermilk.
- the milk products are necessary for the later ghee-specific taste training.
- the additives themselves do not have to be the taste-forming substances, but their products that arise during the cooking in step f), for example, through the Maillard reaction.
- H. Clarification of the cooked intermediate product providing ghee with a fat content of at least 99.0% by weight.
- Impurities such as burnt or denatured components are separated off.
- Industrially produced, particle-reduced, preferably particle-free, ghee with an excellent taste and a very high fat content is provided.
- ghee is produced according to the preceding steps: a. Providing cream or milk, especially whole milk or
- This first process step can take place as in the first process variant.
- the cream is concentrated to 65-85% by weight.
- concentration of milk to cream can be done in a single step in a machine, e.g. a separator, c. Phase inversion by means of shear;
- This step can be detached in the previous steps
- Skimmed milk, alpha serum fraction or serum fraction can be returned to the oil as milk products.
- milk products can also be added to the process.
- Such milk products can e.g. Yogurt, acidified milk, but also externally supplied serum, alpha serum or
- the milk products can be flavorings or they can develop these flavorings during cooking. This creates ghee. G. Clarification of the cooked intermediate product to the end product ghee with a reduced level of impurities, analogous to step h) of the previous process.
- step a) cream is provided by separating milk from 2-10% by weight to 25-45% by weight fat at a temperature of 4-65 ° C.
- step b) the buttering can be done at a temperature of 8 - 20 ° C,
- step c) the butter can be melted in a plate heat exchanger, a tube heater and / or a scraped surface heat exchanger.
- the butter melted in step c) can be fed via a container with a stirrer as an intermediate buffer to the separator before the oil concentration in step d).
- the oil concentration in step d) or e) can take place with a separator.
- the cooking in step e) or f) can be carried out gently at a temperature between 100 ° -130 ° C., preferably in a tube or a kettle.
- step e) or f) there is a supply of milk products, e.g. as a dosage of milk serum, buttermilk and / or milk-like liquid, such as yoghurt leftovers, to adjust the SNF content in the oil.
- a supply of milk products e.g. as a dosage of milk serum, buttermilk and / or milk-like liquid, such as yoghurt leftovers, to adjust the SNF content in the oil.
- the dosage involves step e) directly downstream or upstream
- Procedural step This process step can preferably be carried out within less than 5 minutes before or after step e).
- sediment can be drained, preferably from the boiling kettle.
- the cream concentration in step b) can take place at a temperature of 45-95 ° C.
- the cream concentration in step b) can be carried out directly in one process step starting from milk with a fat content of 2-10% by weight to cream with a fat content of 65-85% by weight.
- step c) or step d) can be carried out in a flomogenizer and / or with a shear pump.
- a separator can preferably be used.
- At least one milk product in particular previously separated skimmed milk, alpha serum, milk serum and / or buttermilk and / or other milk products, can be fed into the concentrated milk fat, preferably immediately before or during cooking, in an amount of 0.5-10 wt. % to set a defined SNSF salary.
- the dosage can be optimized for the process by adding milk serum, buttermilk, skimmed milk and / or alpha serum separated in the process.
- step g) or h) can advantageously be carried out by means of a centrifuge, e.g.
- Steps a-h of the first or a-g of the second variant of the method can preferably take place one after the other, the steps being carried out in a system with a plurality of machine elements.
- the machine elements are connected to a production line so that the
- Process steps a to f are carried out in the production line.
- the process is therefore a so-called inline process.
- no synthetic flavors are used during production, but rather only flavors of natural, preferably animal origin, in particular milk products.
- the processing takes place as a continuous manufacturing process.
- a time-consuming batch process with a sequence of reaction containers which are filled and completely emptied after the reaction and finally cleaned is not provided.
- a corresponding system for carrying out the continuous production process has so-called buffer containers, which compensate for an irregular product supply. As a result, the product is dispensed continuously and not at intervals.
- the intermediate products produced in the present process preferably have a milk fat content of less than 99.6% by weight, in particular of less than 99.0% by weight.
- a milk fat content of less than 99.6% by weight, in particular of less than 99.0% by weight.
- FIG. 1 flow chart for a first variant of an inventive
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart for a second variant of one according to the invention
- the starting material for the production is cream 2.
- an intermediate product named below, e.g. Butter 3 can be used as a raw material.
- the cream 2 typically has from 25 to 45% by weight of fat.
- the cream 2 is first divided into butter 3 and buttermilk 6 in a buttering process 100.
- the butter 3 has a fat content of 70 to 85% by weight.
- the butter 3 is then processed further.
- the butter is then melted 200 at a temperature between 45-90 ° C, ideally between 55-65 ° C.
- the melted butter is then fed inline or via a feed tank with a stirrer to a device for shearing the melted butter, preferably a homogenizer.
- the melted butter can then be sheared with a phase change.
- the serum-containing oil fraction obtained in this way can be fed to a separator for centrifugal separation 300.
- the separator can in particular
- the phase-changed melted butter 3, or the serum-containing oil is divided into an oil fraction 4 and a serum fraction 5.
- the oil fraction 4 contains between 65-99.0% by weight of fat and the
- Serum fraction 5 between 0.5 - 50% by weight fat and a high proportion of SNF (Solids non fat)
- the oil fraction 4 can be further heated up to 100 ° C.
- oil and “oil fraction” are used synonymously in the context of the present invention.
- a subsequent boiling process 400 the remaining water is evaporated at a temperature between 100 - 130 ° C and the SNF particles are boiled in a defined manner, so that a specific coloration and flavor development occurs.
- buttermilk 6 and / or serum fraction 5 or other milk products 7 in a concentration of 0.5-10% by weight of the oil fraction 4 before or during the cooking 400 by mixing or adding 600.
- a defined SNF content can be set, which influences the color and taste formation.
- the flavored oil can already be referred to as ghee.
- the milk fat is then clarified 500 with the aid of a filtration and / or sieve device and / or a centrifuge, preferably a 2-phase separator, with the separation of impurities 13, e.g. burned or denatured ingredients. It is also possible to clarify the ghee directly without draining the solid.
- the starting material for the production of ghee 1 with a high milk fat content of at least 99.0% by weight fat is whole milk 10 or an alternative in this case
- Raw milk This has a milk fat content between 2-10% by weight fat.
- a separation process 1000 for example in a centrifugal one Separation process, the whole milk or raw milk is concentrated to cream 2 with a fat content of 25-45% by weight fat. This separation 1000 takes place at a temperature between 4 - 65 ° C with deposition of
- the resulting cream 2 is separated by a further separation 900,
- the highly concentrated cream 11 is converted from a fat-in-water emulsion into a water-in-fat emulsion by means of shearing 800, preferably in a flomogenizer and / or by a shear pump.
- shearing 800 preferably in a flomogenizer and / or by a shear pump.
- the resulting oil is then inline or via a
- phase-changed cream is divided into an oil fraction 12 and a serum fraction 5.
- the oil fraction contains between 65 and 99.0% by weight of fat and the serum fraction between 0.5 and 50% by weight of fat and a high proportion of SNF (solids non fat).
- the serum fraction 5 can be recycled 700
- the oil fraction 12 can then be further heated up to 100 ° C. In a subsequent boiling process 400, remaining water is used at a
- a constant quality of the final product so a high fat Ghee 's 1, adjust to ensure and / or that different tastes, it is possible to previously deposited Alpha serum 8 and / or serum 5 or other milk products 7 in a concentration of 0 To add 5-10% by weight of the oil fraction 12 before or during the boiling 400 by admixing 600.
- a defined SNF content can be set, which influences the color and taste formation.
- the sediment produced during boiling is drained from the boiling kettle.
- the clarification 500 of the milk fat takes place with the separation of impurities 13, in particular solids, with the aid of a filtration and / or sieve device and / or by means of a centrifuge, preferably a 2-phase separator. It is also possible to clarify the fraction to the final product, ghee 1, directly without draining the solid.
- Ghee 1 is then present with a fat content of at least 99.0% by weight fat.
- a 3-phase separator can also be used for clarification in the ghe process to increase the flexibility of the process design.
- the heavy phase can be fed back into the feed, while the heavy phase is removed from the process in the production of butter oil / AMF.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Dairy Products (AREA)
- Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20707262.0A EP3930470A1 (de) | 2019-02-27 | 2020-02-27 | Verfahren zur herstellung von ghee |
| US17/434,046 US20220132881A1 (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2020-02-27 | Method for producing ghee |
| CA3127416A CA3127416A1 (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2020-02-27 | Method for producing ghee |
| AU2020230013A AU2020230013B2 (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2020-02-27 | Method for producing ghee |
| CONC2021/0012557A CO2021012557A2 (es) | 2019-02-27 | 2021-09-24 | Método para producir ghee |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019104917.2 | 2019-02-27 | ||
| DE102019104917.2A DE102019104917A1 (de) | 2019-02-27 | 2019-02-27 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Ghee |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2020174035A1 true WO2020174035A1 (de) | 2020-09-03 |
Family
ID=69701215
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2020/055111 Ceased WO2020174035A1 (de) | 2019-02-27 | 2020-02-27 | Verfahren zur herstellung von ghee |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20220132881A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3930470A1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2020230013B2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA3127416A1 (de) |
| CO (1) | CO2021012557A2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102019104917A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020174035A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025226160A1 (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2025-10-30 | Rajesh Chatterjee | Improved method for manufacturing high-aroma ghee |
| WO2026062530A1 (en) * | 2024-09-19 | 2026-03-26 | Spx Flow Technology Danmark A/S | Method and process line for producing anhydrous milk fat from cream or for producing milk fat and/or butter oil with 95-99.6% fat content from cream |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009011598A1 (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-22 | Fonterra Co-Operative Group Limited | Dairy product and process |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU404458A1 (ru) * | 1971-12-03 | 1973-10-22 | Московский хладокомбинат | Способ производства топленого масла |
-
2019
- 2019-02-27 DE DE102019104917.2A patent/DE102019104917A1/de active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-02-27 US US17/434,046 patent/US20220132881A1/en active Pending
- 2020-02-27 WO PCT/EP2020/055111 patent/WO2020174035A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2020-02-27 EP EP20707262.0A patent/EP3930470A1/de active Pending
- 2020-02-27 CA CA3127416A patent/CA3127416A1/en active Pending
- 2020-02-27 AU AU2020230013A patent/AU2020230013B2/en active Active
-
2021
- 2021-09-24 CO CONC2021/0012557A patent/CO2021012557A2/es unknown
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009011598A1 (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-22 | Fonterra Co-Operative Group Limited | Dairy product and process |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| "Dairy processing handbook, Chapter 13: Anhydrous Milk Fat (AMF) (Butteroil) ED - Bylund G", 1995, DAIRY PROCESSING HANDBOOK, TETRA PAK PROCESSING SYSTEMS AB, LUND, SWEDEN, PAGE(S) 279 - 286, XP002718282 * |
| See also references of EP3930470A1 * |
| WADHWA B ET AL: "Simulation of Ghee Flavour in Butter Oil", INDIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE, XX, XX, vol. 30, no. 4, September 1977 (1977-09-01), pages 314 - 318, XP008129637 * |
| WADHWA B K AND JAIN M K: "Production of Ghee from Butter Oil-a Review", INDIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE,, vol. 44, no. 6, 1991, pages 372 - 374, XP008129636 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2020230013B2 (en) | 2026-02-19 |
| CO2021012557A2 (es) | 2022-02-07 |
| EP3930470A1 (de) | 2022-01-05 |
| AU2020230013A1 (en) | 2021-08-19 |
| DE102019104917A1 (de) | 2020-08-27 |
| US20220132881A1 (en) | 2022-05-05 |
| CA3127416A1 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
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