EP0319003B1 - Dispositif d'alimentation pour une lampe à décharge basse ou haute pression, lampe à vapeur de mercure ou analogue - Google Patents

Dispositif d'alimentation pour une lampe à décharge basse ou haute pression, lampe à vapeur de mercure ou analogue Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0319003B1
EP0319003B1 EP19880120091 EP88120091A EP0319003B1 EP 0319003 B1 EP0319003 B1 EP 0319003B1 EP 19880120091 EP19880120091 EP 19880120091 EP 88120091 A EP88120091 A EP 88120091A EP 0319003 B1 EP0319003 B1 EP 0319003B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
voltage
circuit
supply circuit
switching member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19880120091
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0319003A2 (fr
EP0319003A3 (en
Inventor
Dorit Erzmoneit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ERZMONEIT, DORIT
WOLF Karl
Original Assignee
Erzmoneit Dorit
Wolf Karl
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Publication date
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Application filed by Erzmoneit Dorit, Wolf Karl filed Critical Erzmoneit Dorit
Priority to AT88120091T priority Critical patent/ATE76246T1/de
Publication of EP0319003A2 publication Critical patent/EP0319003A2/fr
Publication of EP0319003A3 publication Critical patent/EP0319003A3/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/16—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by DC or by low-frequency AC, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec AC, or with network frequencies
    • H05B41/18—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by DC or by low-frequency AC, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec AC, or with network frequencies having a starting switch

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a supply circuit for a fluorescent lamp, in particular a low-pressure or high-pressure discharge lamp or a mercury lamp according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a circuit is known (DE-A-27 18 682) which is used to control the brightness of fluorescent lamps in a tunnel, the further choke coil being bridged by the switching element depending on the brightness to be set.
  • ballasts for fluorescent lamps consist of a so-called starter and a ballast choke coil.
  • the starter is usually a bimetal switch that is closed when the lamp is switched off, which opens after the lamp has been switched on after a certain time after current has flowed through it or the heating filaments of the lamp.
  • the starter choke is usually provided with an air gap. It fulfills two functions. On the one hand, when the starter is opened, it generates a high voltage peak, which serves as an ignition voltage for the discharge lamp. If the discharge lamp has ignited, the choke serves to limit the power consumption of the lamp, which would increase indefinitely until the lamp is destroyed without a voltage limitation.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to create a supply circuit for a fluorescent lamp with which the effective power of the lamp is reduced with simple means can be achieved without significantly reducing the light output. Furthermore, the supply circuit should be used as a retrofit kit for installed lamps and should not be less disadvantageous in its service life than conventional starter circuits.
  • a ungapped working choke coil which is operated below its saturation, ensures an effective voltage reduction without the caused thereby energy saving is offset by loss of other inductor.
  • the supply voltage of a lamp can be reduced by approximately 12 V, which corresponds to a reduction in the energy consumption of a 58 watt fluorescent lamp by approximately 10 watts.
  • the luminous efficacy only drops slightly.
  • the inductance of a ballast serves to ensure safe ignition of the lamp and to limit the lamp current. Therefore, the choke provided with an air gap cannot be used to additionally reduce the voltage of a lamp.
  • the choke in the ballast naturally leads to energy losses, which, however, are reduced when using the invention further choke the voltage on the lamp is reduced. It is understood that for a desired voltage reduction, an adaptation of the further choke to the size of the consumer load must be carried out, in other words, with a larger number of lamps, a further choke with greater power consumption must be provided in order to avoid the inductance works in the undesired saturation range, in which, as is well known, only a low voltage drops.
  • the circuit according to the invention can be used as an additional component in existing lamp installations, above all for the case in which the mains supply voltage assumes higher values, as is the case with future EEC standards.
  • the further choke coil can have at least one tap located between the ends for the purpose of bridging a section of the choke coil.
  • the further choke coil consist of a series of choke coils, between which a tap is provided in order to selectively switch on only one or more of the further choke coils. It has been shown that with such an arrangement a lower power loss is obtained compared to a single choke coil with taps.
  • the further inductance according to the invention can also be operated when it is switched on without the switching-on process being impaired.
  • the mains voltage is normally required to ensure safe operation of the starter and the ignition coil. Therefore, an embodiment of the invention provides that the further choke coil is bridged by a shunt circuit, via which the choke coil can be temporarily short-circuited partially or completely. During the ignition process of a lamp, the further choke coil is short-circuited in whole or in part and is only switched on after the lamp has been ignited.
  • the connection and disconnection of the further choke with the help of the shunt circuit is preferably coupled with the switching on of a lamp.
  • a timer can be provided, the set time of which begins to run when a lamp is switched on and by which after the time has elapsed Shunt circuit is opened to turn on the additional choke coil.
  • the set time is such that at the beginning of switching on the lamp there is sufficient time to ignite the lamp.
  • the time sequence that can be set in the timing element can preferably be changed.
  • the shunt circuit contains a switch.
  • This switch can be a mechanical switch in the form of switching contacts of a relay. However, it can also be a semiconductor switch, for example a triac or a power transistor.
  • the switch can be operated externally, for example by hand. However, it is preferably controlled automatically, which can also be done externally, for example optically, in that an optical sensor reacts to the light from the ignited lamp and thus opens the shunt.
  • a voltage or current measuring device can be connected to the network terminals, which closes the switch when a current flows when the lamp is switched on. The already mentioned time delay stage can then be used to open the switch in the shunt circuit again when a certain period of time has expired.
  • the voltage or current measuring device can be formed, for example, by a current transformer connected in one phase of the lamp, the Secondary winding supplied with power via a rectifier circuit, the control of the switch and the time delay stage. Furthermore, according to one embodiment of the invention, a signal which is dependent on the current or the voltage in the lamp circuit can be generated, which bridges a section of the further choke coil connected to the tap of the further choke coil when the signal exceeds a predetermined value. In this way, it is possible to switch on inductances of the further inductor of different sizes in order to obtain a different voltage reduction, depending, inter alia, on what voltage is present at the mains terminals. If the load and thus the power consumption exceeds a predetermined value, the further choke coil can reach the saturation range.
  • the voltage drop of the further choke coil is measured and a section of the choke coil or the entire choke coil is bridged when the voltage drop falls below a predetermined value. This value is an indicator that the further choke coil is in the saturation range.
  • the further inductor also has taps or consists of a series connection of several inductors.
  • the inductance of the transformer must be matched to that of the other choke coil.
  • the core of the further choke coil can consist of conventional materials, such as transformer sheets or ferrites.
  • a resistor is contained in the shunt circuit, the resistance value of which increases with the current flowing through it.
  • PTC ohmic resistors
  • Such a PTC thermistor allows a relatively large current to flow when a lamp is switched on, so that the further inductance is initially largely bridged. After a certain time, the resistance heats up due to the current flowing through it and increases its resistance value increasingly, so that the further inductance is increasingly used and now the voltage across the lamp reduces the voltage across it.
  • the use of such a resistor has the advantage that an additional control for switching a shunt circuit on and off is not required. The only requirement is that the resistance increase in the PTC takes place at a point in time when the lamp has ignited with certainty. With a higher load, it may be expedient to connect two or more such resistors with a positive temperature coefficient in parallel.
  • the circuit according to the invention achieves a voltage reduction for lamps of 10 to 25 V, which corresponds to an energy restraint of 15 to 30% at given mains voltages.
  • the luminous efficacy only drops slightly. Due to the modular construction of the circuit according to the invention, lamps of any power size and different types can be operated.
  • the circuit according to the invention can be used as an additional device for installed lamps with ballast. Alternatively, the circuit according to the invention can be integrated into a ballast in the case of new lamps. When used as a retrofit module, it is not necessary to change the installation of built-in lamps.
  • the voltage reduction is low-loss, and the parts and components used for this are less expensive and their service life is not less favorable than that of conventional ballasts.
  • the power at the ballast is reduced and the power factor is increased. Due to the increase in the power factor, the compensation capacitor can be connected in parallel, which prevents the capacitive current from influencing the inductance of the further inductor.
  • a fluorescent lamp 7 is connected via a series choke 6 to the power terminals 4, 5.
  • the lamp 7 is bridged by a starter 52 in a conventional manner.
  • the primary winding 2 of a current transformer and a further choke 1 are located in the phase connected to the terminal 5.
  • the further choke coil 1 contains a core, for example made of transformer sheets or of ferrite without an air gap. It is designed so that a given voltage drops, for example 10 to 12 V, for a certain lamp power.
  • the primary winding 2 of the transformer is provided with two taps 47, 48.
  • the further choke coil 1 is also provided with two taps 44, 45.
  • a switch contact 8 of a relay 15 is arranged in a shunt circuit that bridges the further choke coil 1, a switch contact 8 of a relay 15 is arranged. The open position of the switch contact is designated 17.
  • a rectifier is connected to the secondary winding 3 of the transformer.
  • a capacitor 10, a variable resistor 11 and a Zener diode 42 are connected in parallel to one another at the output terminals of the rectifier 9.
  • the series circuit comprising a variable resistor 41, a fixed resistor 12 and a capacitor 13 is connected to the output terminals.
  • a relay coil 15 and a double transistor circuit (Darlington circuit) 14 are connected in parallel. The base of the first transistor is at a point between the resistor 12 and the capacitor 13 connected.
  • a diode 16 is connected in parallel with the relay 15.
  • the taps 44, 45 and 47, 48 serve to adapt the further throttle 1 to the expected load from the outset. A corresponding adjustment is then necessary for the transformer. Adaptation means that a part of the further choke coil 1 or the primary coil 2 is removed accordingly.
  • the relay contact 8 is normally in the off position 17 biased. If the lamp 7 is now switched on with the aid of a switch (not shown), a current flows which, in the rectified manner, generates a direct voltage via the rectifier 9, which is also connected to the series circuit of resistors 41, 12 and capacitor 13. The immediately flowing current switches the transistor circuit 14 to current flow, so that the relay 15 is activated and brings the contact 8 into the on position.
  • the further choke coil 1 is thus bridged.
  • the capacitor 13 with the resistors 41, 12 represents a time delay stage which causes the transistor circuit to be switched off again after a certain time, as a result of which the relay 15 drops out and the switch contact 8 returns to the position 17. At this moment, the further choke coil 1 is in series with the series choke coil 6.
  • the capacitor 10 also serves as a smoothing capacitor, and the zener diode 42 ensures that a present voltage is not exceeded.
  • the time delay constant can be set via the resistor 41.
  • Fig. 2 the same components as in Fig. 1 are given the same reference numerals.
  • an additional Choke coil 38 which is in series with the series choke 6, is provided with a tap 22 which is part of a shunt circuit in which a triac 21 is connected.
  • a shunt circuit bridging the further coil 38 contains a triac 20.
  • the control electrodes of the triacs 20, 21 are located at the output of control circuits 18, 19, from which corresponding lines 50, 51 lead to the control electrodes.
  • the inputs of the control circuits 18, 19 are at the output terminals of the secondary winding of the current transformer.
  • the secondary winding is also connected to a variable resistor 49.
  • the triac 20 is switched on during the ignition process of the lamps 33, 34. After ignition, the voltage level in the control circuits 18, 19 is determined, and when the mains voltage is present, the triac 20 is switched on, so that the bridging of the further choke coil 38 is released and this now contributes to reducing the voltage. If the voltage falls below a mains voltage to be determined, which is determined by the control circuit 18 or 19, the triac 20 or the triac 21 is controlled, depending on the voltage level, in such a way that the entire choke 38 or part of it is bridged. If, for example, the supply voltage is reduced from 220 V to 210 V, a lower voltage is present at the control devices 18, 19.
  • the triac 21 is, for example controlled and ensures a voltage reduction from now to 5 V, while the total voltage reduction by the inductance is 38 12 V. It is understood that the voltage at the control devices 18, 19 depends both on the mains voltage and on the lamp power switched in each case. In order to stabilize the voltage at the control devices 18, 19, the preload resistor 49 is used to adjust the level at the installation location.
  • the further choke coil 39 connected in series with the series choke 6 has two taps 77, 78 which are connected to switching contacts 29, 30.
  • Another switching contact 28 lies in a shunt circuit bridging the coil 39.
  • the respective other positions of the switch contacts 28, 29, 30 shown in dashed lines are designated by 73, 75 and 74.
  • the mentioned Switch contacts belong to relays 24, 25, 26, which are parallel to the output of a rectifier 9, which is connected to the secondary winding of a voltage transformer 76, the primary winding of which is located at points 56, 55, which are assigned to the network terminals 5, 4.
  • the relays 24 to 26 are in series with the collector-emitter path of transistors 58, 60, 62, the base of which is controlled by a control circuit 23.
  • the control circuit 23 determines the voltage at the output of the transformer 76, which is present at the inputs 27, 28 '.
  • a line 40 connects the line 79 at the output of the further choke coil 39 to a further input of the control circuit 23.
  • the control line 23 switches the switching contacts 28 and 30 via the outputs 57 and 61 and brings them into their positions 73 and 74. In this switching position, the tap 78 is switched on and the supply voltage is switched on reduced by 12 V. If, however, a voltage of more than 221 V is measured (level 72), the switch contact 28 is switched to position 73 via the output 57 and the relay 26, so that the supply voltage is reduced by 16 V. It goes without saying that other voltage reduction stages can of course also be used.
  • the circuit arrangement in the control circuit 23 can be designed according to the prior art.
  • the switch contacts 28 to 30 can also be controlled externally, e.g. via optical sensors, which control depending on the light irradiation.
  • the gradations should, however, be so large that there is no switching of the taps on the further choke coil 39 in the event of small voltage fluctuations.
  • a corresponding switchover on the inductor can be carried out by a timer or manually.
  • a reduction inductance can be activated after a specified time or via a so-called ripple control pulse.
  • ripple control pulse There is no change to the lamp installation.
  • Different lamp powers and lamp types can also be operated via the same module.
  • a lamp 4a which has a starter 5a and a series choke 3a via an additional inductance 7a at the mains voltage terminals 1a and 2a.
  • the further choke coil 7a has taps 17a and 18a.
  • a series connection of an ohmic resistor 21a and a capacitor 22a is provided in parallel with the terminals 1a and 2a.
  • a resistor 6a with a positive temperature coefficient is connected in a shunt circuit bridging the coil 7a.
  • the circuit shown works as follows.
  • the resistor 6a acts as a PTC thermistor. After ignition, the resistor 6 heats up and becomes high-resistance, so that a certain voltage drops across the coil 7a, and thus the voltage applied to the lamp 4a is reduced. The size of the voltage drop can be changed using the taps 17a and 18a.
  • the dashed box 100a indicates that the components contained therein constitute a module that can be used without having to change the installed lamp 4a or the ballast in order to obtain a voltage reduction.
  • two lamps 9a, 10a with starters 5a are connected in parallel. They each have a series choke 3a.
  • a mercury vapor lamp 8a with a series choke 23a is also parallel to this.
  • a parallel connection of four choke coils 13a, 14a, 15a and 16a lies in the phase of the circuit belonging to terminal 1a.
  • a parallel connection of two resistors 11a and 12a with a positive temperature coefficient is arranged in parallel.
  • a series connection of a resistor 20a with a positive temperature coefficient and a resistor 19a with a negative temperature coefficient is parallel to the inductors connected in parallel.
  • a parallel connection of several inductors is required, for example, for larger powers, it being more advantageous to connect the inductors in parallel for reasons of loss, instead of using a larger inductor with a common core.
  • NTC thermistor 19a
  • the voltage on the lamps is first attenuated via the thermistor 19a (NTC) and the preheating phase of the lamps is initially carried out with a reduced voltage. The voltage on the lamps rises during the preheating phase, which makes the ignition process easier and provides a kind of ignition aid. In this way, a lamp-friendly start is caused. If the mains voltage is very high from the start, a PTC thermistor can also be omitted.
  • Fig. 7 shows the power curve for the power consumption after the lamp is switched on over time. It can be seen that the power consumption during ignition is represented by the double arrow 29a. During the course of time 32a, the power increases to the level 30a. If there is no additional voltage reduction, the supply voltage remains at the lamp. According to the invention, however, the voltage or the performance reduced to level 31a.
  • the invention is not limited to reducing the voltage of lamps.
  • it can be used wherever an interpretation of a Device has occurred on, for example, 220 V mains voltage, but the mains voltage is increased, for example to 240 V.
  • the voltage reduction according to the invention can be used.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Circuit d'alimentation d'un tube fluorescent (7, 33, 34, 4a, 9a, 10a), notamment d'une lampe à décharge basse pression ou haute pression ou d'une lampe à vapeur de mercure, comportant un circuit d'amorçage (52, 5a), et dans lequel le tube fluorescent peut être raccordé, à la tension du secteur, en série avec une bobine d'arrêt additionnelle (3a, 6) et avec une autre bobine d'arrêt (1, 38, 39, 7a, 13a-16a) pouvant être shuntée au moins en partie par un circuit de commutation (8, 20, 21, 28, 29, 30, 6a, 11a, 12a), caractérisé en ce que l'autre bobine d'arrêt contient un noyau sans entrefer et fonctionne en-dessous de sa saturation et que l'élément de commutation, fermé pour l'amorçage de le lampe, est ouvert après l'amorçage de cette dernière.
  2. Circuit d'alimentation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de commutation (6a, 11a, 12a) est une résistance possédant un coefficient de température positif.
  3. Circuit d'alimentation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'aux bornes (4, 5) du secteur est raccordé un dispositif (2, 3, 18, 19) de mesure de tension ou d'intensité, qui sert à fermer l'élément de commutation lorsqu'un courant circule lors du branchement de la lampe (7, 33, 34), et qu'il est prévu un circuit de temporisation servant à ouvrir à nouveau l'élément de commutation au bout d'un intervalle de temps prédéterminé.
  4. Circuit d'alimentation selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un circuit de temporisation réglable (13, 12, 41), dont la durée de temporisation commence avec le branchement de la lampe (7).
  5. Circuit d'alimentation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de commutation est un triac (20, 21), un relais (8), un interrupteur à semiconducteurs ou analogue.
  6. Circuit d'alimentation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la chute de tension dans l'autre bobine d'arrêt (39) est mesurée et qu'une section de l'autre bobine d'arrêt (39) ou l'ensemble de cette bobine est shuntée par l'élément de commutation (28, 29, 30) lorsque la chute de tension tombe au-dessous d'une valeur prédéterminée.
  7. Circuit d'alimentation selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que des éléments de commutation (28, 29, 30) pour trois étages de puissance sont activés par un circuit (23) qui dépend de la tension.
  8. Circuit d'alimentation selon le revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que deux ou plusieurs autres bobines d'arrêt (13a, 14a, 15a, 16a) sont branchées en parellèle, en fonction du nombre des lampes (8a, 9a, 110a) devant être alimentées ou en fonction de la charge absorbée.
  9. Circuit d'alimentation selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'un autre circuit de shunt, qui shunte l'autre bobine d'arrêt (13a, 14a, 15a, 16a) contient un circuit série formé d'une résistance à coefficient de température positif (20a) et d'une résistance à coefficient de température négatif (19a).
EP19880120091 1987-12-01 1988-12-01 Dispositif d'alimentation pour une lampe à décharge basse ou haute pression, lampe à vapeur de mercure ou analogue Expired - Lifetime EP0319003B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88120091T ATE76246T1 (de) 1987-12-01 1988-12-01 Versorgungsschaltung fuer eine niederdruck- oder hochdruckentladungslampe, quecksilberdampflampe oder dergleichen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873740676 DE3740676A1 (de) 1987-12-01 1987-12-01 Schaltungsanordnung zur energieeinsparung durch induktive netzspannungsabsenkung fuer nieder- und hochdruckentladungslampen sowie quecksilberdampflampen
DE3740676 1987-12-01

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0319003A2 EP0319003A2 (fr) 1989-06-07
EP0319003A3 EP0319003A3 (en) 1989-11-08
EP0319003B1 true EP0319003B1 (fr) 1992-05-13

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ID=6341641

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880120091 Expired - Lifetime EP0319003B1 (fr) 1987-12-01 1988-12-01 Dispositif d'alimentation pour une lampe à décharge basse ou haute pression, lampe à vapeur de mercure ou analogue

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0319003B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE76246T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3740676A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29605913U1 (de) * 1996-03-29 1996-06-13 Trilux-Lenze Gmbh + Co Kg, 59759 Arnsberg Leuchststofflampen-Vorschaltgerät
FR2774547B1 (fr) * 1998-01-30 2001-05-25 Eclairage Public Beep Bureau E Dispositif d'amorcage pour l'alimentation de lampes a arc
DE19822525A1 (de) * 1998-05-19 1999-11-25 Walter Holzer Verfahren und Vorrichtung für Energiesparlampen
DE10035558A1 (de) * 2000-07-21 2002-02-07 Gerhard Liehr Einrichtung für unterbrechungsfreie Umschaltung zur Spannungs-Herabsetzung an Lampen in Beleuchtungsanlagen
DE10125510A1 (de) * 2001-05-23 2002-12-05 Innolux Gmbh Leuchtstofflampenschaltung
CN101861038A (zh) * 2010-04-09 2010-10-13 吴翀俊 简易可调光节能灯
DE102017218861A1 (de) 2017-10-23 2019-04-25 Audi Ag Schaltungsanordnung und Kraftfahrzeug
CN109915797B (zh) 2017-12-11 2021-11-30 朗德万斯公司 用于led照明模组的电子驱动器以及led灯

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE757740A (fr) * 1969-10-20 1971-04-20 Siemens Ag Montage pour la stabilisation a faibles pertes d'une tension d'entree alternative
US3816794A (en) * 1972-03-28 1974-06-11 Esquire Inc High intensity, gas discharge lamp dimmer system
US3987339A (en) * 1975-12-10 1976-10-19 Frequency Technology, Inc. Constant power lamp ballast
AT345931B (de) * 1976-04-30 1978-10-10 Zumtobel Kg Schaltung zur helligkeitssteuerung fuer leuchtstofflampen mit variierbaren vorschaltinduktivitaeten
DK423880A (da) * 1979-10-23 1981-04-24 Spie Batignolles Fremgangsmaade og indretning til at lette ioniseringen i udlad ningslamper samt belysningsudstyr med en saadan indretning
US4350934A (en) * 1980-07-23 1982-09-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Discharge device ballast component which provides both voltage transformation and variable inductive reactance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0319003A2 (fr) 1989-06-07
DE3740676A1 (de) 1989-06-22
ATE76246T1 (de) 1992-05-15
EP0319003A3 (en) 1989-11-08
DE3871094D1 (de) 1992-06-17

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